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Perpustakaan.Uns.Ac.Id Digilib.Uns.Ac.Id Commit perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id UPAYA PEMERINTAH TURKI DALAM MENGATASI GERAKAN SEPARATISME SUKU KURDI TAHUN 1984-2007 Disusun oleh: SKRIPSI Oleh: ANDINA SARI HANDAYANI K4408013 FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA Desember 2012 commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user ii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id UPAYA PEMERINTAH TURKI DALAM MENGATASI GERAKAN SEPARATISME SUKU KURDI TAHUN 1984-2007 Oleh: ANDINA SARI HANDAYANI K4408013 Skripsi diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan mendapatkan gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Program Pendidikan Sejarah, Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA Desember 2012 commit to user iii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user iv perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user v perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ABSTRAK Andina Sari Handayani. K4408013. UPAYA PEMERINTAH TURKI DALAM MENGATASI GERAKAN SEPARATISME SUKU KURDI TAHUN 1984- 2007. Skripsi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Desember 2012. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan: (1) Latar belakang gerakan separatisme suku Kurdi di negara Turki; (2) Gerakan separatisme suku kurdi di negara Turki; dan (3) Dampak dan upaya pemerintah Turki dalam mengatasi gerakan separatisme suku Kurdi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis dengan langkah-langkah heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah teknik studi pustaka dengan menggunakan sistem resume katalog atau komputer dan memanfaatkan internet. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis historis dengan melakukan kritik ekstern dan intern. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, Pertama, gerakan separatisme Kurdi di Turki untuk mendapatkan otonomi dimulai 21 Maret 1984 saat dilarangnya perayaan Nevros (perayaan tahun baru suku Kurdi). Larangan ini merupakan tanda dimulainya aktivitas gerilyawan Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan (PKK) dalam memperoleh hak-hak etnis mereka dan menuntut pemberian wilayah otonom di Turki bagian tenggara. Kedua, gerakan separatisme suku Kurdi di Turki dihimpun dalam PKK. Partai ini menjadi wadah aspirasi dan perjuangan suku Kurdi dalam memperjuangkan hak-hak untuk mempertahankan identitas, sistem budaya, dan otonomi daerah Kurdistan di Turki. Ketiga, kebijakan pemerintah Turki mengenai pengurangan sanksi negatif terhadap PKK dalam bidang sosial budaya, perekonomian, dan hukum belum dapat menyelesaikan konflik antara pemerintah dan etnis Kurdi. Kata kunci: otonomi, Kurdi, separatisme, etnis, kebijakan, Nevros commit to user vi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ABSTRACK Andina Sari Handayani. K4408013. THE EFFORTS BY TURKISH GOVERNMENT TO FIGHT FOR KURDS SEPARATISM IN 1984-2007. Thesis, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta. December 2012. This study aimed to describe: (1) Background ethnic Kurdish separatist movement in the country of Turkey; (2) Ethnic Kurdish separatist movements in the country of Turkey; and (3) The Impact and the Turkish government's efforts in addressing the tribal Kurdish separatist movement. This study uses historical method with heuristic measures, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The sources of data used in this study in the form of primary and secondary sources. The data collection technique is the technique of literature by using the system catalogs or computers and resume use of the Internet. The data analysis technique used is the historical analysis technique with external and internal criticism. Based on this research can be concluded, First, the Kurdish separatist movement in Turkey for autonomy began March 21, 1984, when the ban celebrations Nevros (Kurdish new year celebration). This ban is a sign of the start of insurgent activity Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan (PKK) in obtaining their rights and demanding the provision of ethnic autonomous areas in southeastern Turkey. Second, the Kurdish separatist movement in Turkey gathered in the PKK. This party into containers aspirations and struggle in striving Kurds rights to keep identity, cultural systems, and autonomous Kurdistan region in Turkey. Third, the Turkish government policy on reducing negative sanctions against the PKK in the field of socio-cultural, economic, and law can not resolve the conflict between the government and ethnic Kurds. Key words: otonomy, Kurdi, separatism, ethnic, policy, Nevros commit to user vii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id MOTTO Perjuangkanlah apa yang menjadi keinginanmu jika memang itu yang terbaik dan bermanfaat untukmu, maka raihlah dengan cara terbaik pula. Jangan pernah putus asa jika belum pernah mencoba, yakinlah bahwa Allah selalu memberikan yang terbaik bagi setiap umat- NYA (penulis) Perdamaian tidak dapat dijaga dengan kekuatan. Hal tersebut hanya dapat diraih dengan suatu pengertian (Einstein) Allah tidak akan merubah keadaan suatu kaum sehingga, mereka ( ) commit to user viii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id PERSEMBAHAN Dengan rasa syukur atas Rahmat Allah SWT, ku persembahkan karya ini untuk : Bapak dan Ibu Terima kasih untuk semua kasih sayang yang tak terbatas, do a dan harapan yang selalu disertakan untukku. Semua ini tak berarti tanpa dukungan Bapak dan Ibu Adikku Dicka Terima kasih untuk adikku yang selalu memberi dukungan untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini dan canda tawamu sebagai penghibur penat hari-hariku. My Fighter Terimakasih telah memberikan semangat, kesabaran, cinta dan sayangnya selama ini yang selalu tercurah dalam membimbingku . Sahabat-sahabat Ku Tersayang Cahyaningrum, Anita, Dessy F, Endah, Lina, Mas Umar, Mas Sigit, Mas Didik dan Mbak Desi terima kasih atas semangat dan bimbinganya selama ini. Semoga persahabatan kita tidak berakhir sampai disini. Terima kasih untuk semua teman- hari-hari yang telah kita lewati bersama, perjuangan, kerjasama, dan semangatnya. Almamater commit to user ix perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji bagi Allah Yang Maha Pengasih dan Penyayang, yang memberi ilmu, inspirasi, dan kemuliaan. Atas kehendak-Nya penulis dapat UPAYA PEMERINTAH TURKI DALAM MENGATASI GERAKAN SEPARATISME SUKU KURDI TAHUN 1984-2007 Skripsi ini disusun untuk memenuhi sebagian dari persyaratan untuk mendapatkan gelar Sarjan pada Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Penulis menyadari bahwa terselesaikannya skripsi ini tidak terlepas dari bantuan, bimbingan, dan pengarahan dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu, penulis menyampaikan terima kasih kepada: 1. Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta yang telah memberikan ijin untuk menyusun skripsi. 2. Ketua Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta yang telah menyetujui permohonan ijin dalam penyusunan skripsi. 3. Ketua Program Pendidikan Sejarah Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, yang telah memberikan pengarahan dan ijin atas penyusunan skripsi ini. 4. Drs. Saiful Bachri, M.Pd, selaku dosen pembimbing I yang telah memberikan pengarahan dan bimbingan dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 5. Drs. Tri Yuniyanto, M.Hum selaku dosen pembimbing II yang telah memberikan pengarahan dan bimbingan dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 6. Ayah, Ibu, Dicka, sahabat-sahabatku dan semua keluarga tercinta yang senantiasa memberi doa, semangat, dukungan dan kasih sayang. 7. Teman-teman Prodi Sejarah khususnya Angkatan 2008, yang telah memberikan bantuan, doa dan dukungannya kepada penulis. commit to user x perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user xi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user xii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................ i ..................... ii HALAMAN PENGAJUAN .................................................................. iii HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .............................................................. iv HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................ v HALAMA ABSTRAK ......................................................................... vi HALAMAN ABSTRACK ...................................................................... vii HALAMAN MOTTO ........................................................................... viii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ............................................................ ix KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................. x DAFTAR ISI . ................................................................................ xii DAFTAR BAGAN .............. .................................................................. xv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ......................................................................... xvi BAB I PENDAHULUAN.................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................... 1 B. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................ 7 C. Tujuan Penelitian .............................................................. 8 D. Manfaat
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