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The Empire in the Provinces: the Case of Carinthia
religions Article The Empire in the Provinces: The Case of Carinthia Helmut Konrad Institut für Geschichte, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Attemsgasse 8/II, [505] 8010 Graz, Austria; [email protected] Academic Editors: Malachi Hacohen and Peter Iver Kaufman Received: 16 May 2016; Accepted: 1 August 2016; Published: 5 August 2016 Abstract: This article examines the legacy of the Habsburg Monarchy in the First Austrian Republic, both in the capital, Vienna, and in the province of Carinthia. It concludes that Social Democracy, often cited as one of the six ingredients that held the old Empire together, took on distinct forms in the Republic’s different federal states. The scholarly literature on the post-1918 “heritage” of the Monarchy therefore needs to move beyond monolithic generalizations and toward regionally focused comparative studies. Keywords: empire; socialism; Jews; Habsburg Monarchy; Austria; Vienna; Carinthia; German Nationalism; Sprachenkampf 1. Introduction Which forms did the ideas take that allowed the Habsburg monarchy to persist, despite the diversity of nationalisms present in the small Republic of German-Austria, for so long after the end of the First World War? What was the “glue” that held this multiethnic empire together, when its collapse had been predicted since 1848, and which of its elements continued to exist beyond 1918? How was this heritage expressed in the different regions of the new republic? At least six factors can be identified as ingredients of the “glue” that held the monarchy together: first, the Emperor, a figure who symbolized the fusion of the complex linguistic, ethnic and religious components of the Habsburg state; second, the administrative officials, who were loyal to the Emperor and worked in the ubiquitous and even architecturally similar buildings of the Monarchy’s district authorities and train stations; third, the army, whose members promoted the imperial ideals through their long terms of service and acknowledged linguistic diversity. -
Employment in Poland 2009 Entrepreneurship for Work
Employment in Poland 2009 Entrepreneurship for work Edited by Maciej Bukowski Warsaw 2010 Authors Editor: Maciej Bukowski, PhD Part I Maciej Bukowski, PhD Piotr Lewandowski Part II Sonia Buchholtz Łukasz Skrok Part III Jan Gąska Piotr Lewandowski Part IV Maciej Bukowski, PhD Horacy Dębowski Co-operation: Maciej Lis, Maciej Małysz, Andrzej Żurawski All opinions and conclusions included in this publication constitute the authors’ views and do not necessarily refl ect the offi cial position of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy. This report was prepared as part of the project Analysis of the labour market processes and social integration in Poland in the context of economic policy carried out by the Human Resources Development Centre, co-fi nanced by the European Social Fund and initiated by the Department of Economic Analyses and Forecasts at the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, by: Institute for Structural Research (Instytut Badań Strukturalnych) Rejtana 15, r. 24/25 02-516 Warszawa, Poland e-mail: [email protected] www.ibs.org.pl Reytech Rejtana 15, r. 25 02-516 Warszawa, Poland e-mail: [email protected] www.reytech.pl Field survey: ASM Market Research and Analysis Centre Ltd. Grunwaldzka 5, 99-301 Kutno Cover design, typesetting and editing graphic studio Temperówka www.temperowka.pl This publication was co-fi nanced by the European Union under the European Social Fund © Copyright by Human Resources Development Centre ISBN: 978-83-61638-17-9 5 Introduction 7 Part I Labour market in the business cycle 41 Part II Quality of working life – traditional and modern sectors of the economy 91 Part III Procedures and regulations – on hirings and dismissals 131 Part IV Social dialogue in the changing labour market 177 Recommendations for social and economic policy 181 Methodological Appendix 193 Bibliography Introduction The report ‘Employment in Poland 2009 – Entrepreneurship for Work’ is the fi fth edition of the Employment in Poland series, a thorough study of the most signifi cant processes occurring in the Polish and European labour markets. -
ESPON PROFECY Annex 9. Methodological Approach of CS
PROFECY – Processes, Features and Cycles of Inner Peripheries in Europe (Inner Peripheries: National territories facing challenges of access to basic services of general interest) Applied Research Final Report Annex 9 Methodological Case Study Approach Version 07/12/2017 This applied research activity is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Paulina Tobiasz-Lis, Karolina Dmochowska-Dudek, Marcin Wójcik, University of Lodz (Poland) Francesco Mantino, Barbara Forcina, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (Italy) Sabine Weck, Sabine Beißwenger, Nils Hans, ILS Dortmund (Germany) Advisory Group Project Support Team: Barbara Acreman and Zaira Piazza (Italy), Eedi Sepp (Estonia), Zsolt Szokolai, European Commission. ESPON EGTC: Marjan van Herwijnen (Project Expert), Laurent Frideres (HoU E&O), Ilona Raugze (Director), Piera Petruzzi (Outreach), Johannes Kiersch (Financial Expert). Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2017 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. -
KSET10001EN C Key in Figure on European Business
ISSN 1830-9720 KS-ET-10-001-EN-C figuresKey on European business Pocketbooks Key figures on European business with a special feature on the recession This publication summarises the main features of Key figures on European business European business and its different activities in a concise and simple manner. It consists of three main parts. The first chapter presents a special feature with a special feature on the recession on the global financial and economic crisis, looking at how the recession affected the EU’s business economy. The second presents an overview of the with a special feature on the recession EU’s business economy based on structural business statistics (SBS). It provides details concerning the relative importance of the business economy and results from a number of SBS development projects, for example, statistics relating to business demography, or the role of foreign-controlled enterprises within the EU’s business economy, before detailing patterns of specialisation and concentration. The third chapter presents a sectoral analysis looking in more detail at specific sectors within the EU’s business economy on the basis of a comprehensive set of key variables, describing monetary and employment characteristics, as well as a set of derived indicators, for example, productivity and profitability measures, also at a more detailed activity level, as well as by Member States. This publication presents only a small selection of the SBS data available. Readers who are interested in knowing more about SBS, who would like to download the latest publications free-of-charge, or who would like to access the most recent data, are encouraged to consult the structural business statistics dedicated section. -
International Migration Outlook 2011: SOPEMI
www.oecd.org/migration/imo IV. RECENT CHANGES IN MIGRATION MOVEMENTS AND POLICIES (COUNTRY NOTES) Luxembourg Luxembourg is still experiencing population growth quarter of the asylum-seekers arriving in 2009 were and in 2009 crossed the threshold of a half-million originally from Kosovo, and 13% were Iraqi citizens. residents, 43% of whom are foreign nationals. Among the measures instituted to foster the In 2009, 14 600 migrants entered Luxembourg. integration of foreigners in Luxembourg was the Act of This represents a 13% decline as compared 18 December 2009 on access of European Union with 2008 entries, but it is still greater than the levels citizens to the civil service. By adopting this law, the experienced prior to 2007. Portugal remained the parliament sought a general opening of the civil leading country of origin, with more than a quarter of service while at the same time reserving jobs involving the entries. The breakdown of new arrivals by participation in the exercise of public authority for nationality has for that matter been particularly stable Luxembourg citizens, and it maintained the for several years. requirement for knowledge of the country’s three The highlight of 2009 in Luxembourg was the official languages: Luxembourgish, French and entry into force on 1 January of the new law on German. To facilitate learning of the Luxembourgish Luxembourg citizenship, the main feature of which language, the Act of 17 February 2009 introduced was to introduce dual citizenship. An immediate “language leave” – a special, additional period of leave consequence of the law was a sharp increase in to allow persons of any nationality to learn acquisitions of Luxembourg citizenship: from Luxembourgish or improve their knowledge of the 1 200 acquisitions (options and naturalisations) language, in order to facilitate their integration. -
A Tax Benefit Model for Policy Evaluation in Luxembourg: Luxtaxben
IZA DP No. 9152 A Tax Benefit Model for Policy Evaluation in Luxembourg: LuxTaxBen Nizamul Islam Lennart Flood June 2015 DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor A Tax Benefit Model for Policy Evaluation in Luxembourg: LuxTaxBen Nizamul Islam CEPS/INSTEAD Lennart Flood University of Gothenburg and IZA Discussion Paper No. 9152 June 2015 IZA P.O. Box 7240 53072 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-180 E-mail: [email protected] Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. -
Barcelona Objectives the Development of Childcare Facilities for Young Children in Europe with a View to Sustainable and Inclusive Growth
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Barcelona objectives The development of childcare facilities for young children in Europe with a view to sustainable and inclusive growth Justice Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*) : 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2013 ISBN 978-92-79-29898-1 doi:10.2838/43161 © European Commission, 2013 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Photos: © Fotolia Printed in Belgium Printed on elemental chlorine-free bleached paper (ECF) Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Barcelona objectives The development of childcare facilities for young children in Europe with a view to sustainable and inclusive growth Table of contents 1. Introduction ...............................................................4 2. Achieving the Barcelona objectives: a necessity ..............................5 3. State of play ...............................................................7 4. Quality: Still uneven across Europe ..........................................14 -
Health for Public, Public for Health. Heath Systems in V4 Countries
Health for Public, Public for Health. Heath systems in V4 countries Health for Public, Public for Health. Heath systems in V4 countries Editors: Piotr Romaniuk Elżbieta Grochowska-Niedworok Lublin 2016 Reviewers: Prof. dr hab. n. med. Teresa Kulik dr hab. n. med. Ryszard Braczkowski dr hab. n. med. Joanna Kasznia-Kocot dr hab. n. med. Ewa Nowakowska-Zajdel dr Piotr Romaniuk dr Elżbieta Prussak Mgr. Iveta Rajničová Nagyová, PhD Zsófia Kollányi, PhD Doc. Ing. Mgr. Martin Dlouhý, Dr., MSc. All of the published articles received a positive review. Typesetting: Ilona Żuchowska Cover design: Marcin Szklarczyk © Copyright by Fundacja na rzecz promocji nauki i rozwoju TYGIEL ISBN 978-83-65272-24-9 Publisher: Fundacja na rzecz promocji nauki i rozwoju TYGIEL ul. Głowackiego 35/348, 20-060 Lublin www.fundacja-tygiel.pl Table of contents Wojciech Boratyński, Aneta Cyndrowska, Anna Marszałek, Paulina Konstancja Mularczyk An analysis of Czech, Hungarian and Polish Presidencies of the Council of the European Union with regard to healthcare ............................................... 9 Tomasz Holecki, Piotr Romaniuk, Adam Szromek Clusters as a tool for system modernization. The features of health policy of Polish local governments .............................................................................. 28 Ewa Pruszewicz-Sipińska, Agata Anna Gawlak Programming of modernization of the public space in a hospital taking into account Evidence-based Design in architectural designing ............................. 40 Piotr Romaniuk, Krzysztof Kaczmarek The EU Directive on the application of patients‟ rights in cross-border healthcare and its impact on provision of healthcare services – experience learned from a survey of selected Polish providers .......................................... 58 Radosław Witczak The use of tax base estimation methods for income tax purposes in the health institutions ................................................................................... -
Albanian State Export Control Authority Autor Shtetë
REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA MINISTRY OF DEFENSE ALBANIAN STATE EXPORT CONTROL AUTHORITY Annual Report on Export Control for 2007 and 2008 Raporti vjetor mbi kontrollin e eksporteve 2007 - 2008 - 2007 eksporteve e kontrollin mbi vjetor Raporti SHTETËROR TË EKSPORTEVE TË SHTETËROR AUTORITETI I KONTROLLIT I AUTORITETI ALBANIAN STATE EXPORT CONTROL AUTHORITY Annual Report on Export Control for 2007 and 2008 ALBANIAN STATE EXPORT CONTROL AUTHORITY Annual Report on Export Control for 2007 and 2008 I ALBANIAN STATE EXPORT CONTROL AUTHORITY Annual Report on Export Control for 2007 and 2008 II ALBANIAN STATE EXPORT CONTROL AUTHORITY Annual Report on Export Control for 2007 and 2008 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................1 2. NATIONAL LEGISLATION ON STATE export control .............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Legislation on export controls ............................................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Legislation related to export control activities .................................................................................................................. 4 3. STATE EXPORT CONTROL SYSTEM .......................................................................................................................................5 3.1 State Export -
Status Outline of EU SAI Contact Committee Working Group Activities
Status Outline of EU SAI Contact Committee Working Group Activities 2009 Working and Expert Groups Working Group on Structural Funds IV Working Group on National SAI Reports on EU Financial Management Working Group on Activities on Value Added Tax Working Group on Common Auditing Standards Joint Working Group on Audit Activities (JWGAA) Name of WG Working Group on Structural Funds IV “Cost of Controls” In 2008, the Contact Committee tasked the Working Group on Structural Funds to continue its reviews of Structural Funds issues and specifically to carry out an audit on “costs of controls (this might include the use of Purpose/Mandate technical assistance for the controls of Structural Funds)”. The Contact Committee welcomed the Working Group’s intention to submit the report on this audit to the Contact Committee in 2010 (or by 2011, depending on the start of the field work). The Working Group agreed that the audit is to be terminated in 2010. Status/Outcome/ The Working Group adopted a common audit plan and an audit Results in 2009 schedule. The field work for the parallel audit started in June 2009. Links to relevant http://www.contactcommittee.eu working group reports/ documents 26 and 27 February, The Hague: Meeting of the Core Group; consider first draft audit plan and schedule. 31 March and 1 April, Potsdam: Plenary meeting of the Working Group and meeting of the Core Group, discuss draft audit plan, schedule and methodology. Activities this year 11 and 12 May, Bonn: Meeting of the Core Group, finalise draft (meetings etc.) minutes of plenary meeting in Potsdam, finalise draft audit plan. -
Viktor Yushchenko
InsIde: • “2009: The Year in Review” – pages 5-35 THEPublished U by theKRA Ukrainian NationalIN AssociationIAN Inc., a fraternal Wnon-profit associationEEKLY Vol. LXXVIII No.3 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 17, 2010 $1/$2 in Ukraine Outgoing New Jersey governor creates Yushchenko’s declining support: Eastern European Heritage Commission Does he really deserve the blame? TRENTON, N.J. – Outgoing New Jersey The 21-member commission will coordi- by Zenon Zawada their staunch support for Ukraine’s inte- Gov. Jon S. Corzine on January 11 signed nate an annual Eastern European Month Kyiv Press Bureau gration into Euro-Atlantic structures. an executive order creating an Eastern Celebration along with other events and Volodymyr Fesenko, board chairman European-American Heritage Commission activities highlighting the rich culture and KYIV – Five years ago, hundreds of of the Penta Center for Applied Research in the Department of State. history of Americans of Eastern European thousands of Ukrainians risked their lives in Kyiv, offered consulting to the “New Jersey is home to over 1 million ancestry. The commission will also work for Viktor Yushchenko to become Presidential Secretariat occasionally dur- Americans of Eastern European ancestry, with the Department of Education to con- Ukraine’s president. Now only about 5 ing Mr. Yushchenko’s term. He’s consid- including Americans of Polish, tinue to develop content and curriculum percent of Ukrainians fully support ered among Ukraine’s most reliable and Hungarian, Ukrainian, Slovak, Czech and guides on Eastern European history for President Yushchenko and would vote for objective political analysts. Mr. Fesenko Lithuanian ancestry. The commission will school children, noted a press released from him in the January 17 election, according studied at Columbia University’s ensure there are opportunities for all of the governor’s office. -
Country Report Luxembourg
Member States’ Constitutions and EU Integration Country report on Luxembourg Jörg Gerkrath* Abstract Luxembourg is a well-integrated member state whose EU membership relies however on poorly developed constitutional foundations. This is yet to be changed by a major constitutional overhaul that is expected to come to an end in 2018. Three patterns must be born in mind to understand the country’s constitutional culture: the Constitution had been somewhat forgotten, its political system functions according to the idea of a ‘consensus democracy’ and its leading political principle is pragmatism. The only limit to further steps of EU integration is the requirement of a 2/3 majority within Parliament in order to approve any competence transferring treaty. I the pure monistic tradition the domestic legal order is conceived in a way to avoid conflicts with international or EU law. EU norms enjoy full primacy even vis-à-vis constitutional rules. I. Main characteristics of the national constitutional system ............................................................2 A. A constitutional system based on a charter dating back to 1868............................................................ 2 B. A small state seeking for integration............................................................................................................. 3 C. A constitutional monarchy.............................................................................................................................. 4 D. A political system based on parliamentary democracy