Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, Volume 6 William & Mary Law School

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, Volume 6 William & Mary Law School College of William & Mary Law School William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Law School Journals Journal 8-2017 Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, Volume 6 William & Mary Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/propertyjournal Part of the Property Law and Real Estate Commons Recommended Citation William & Mary Law School, "Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, Volume 6" (2017). Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal. 6. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/propertyjournal/6 Copyright c 2017 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/propertyjournal 294047 WM Mary Property Rights 6 Cover_a 8/31/2017 10:18 AM Page 1 Volume 6 Volume BRIGHAM-KANNER PROPERTY RIGHTS CONFERENCE JOURNAL B RIGHAM Volume 6 August 2017 -K ANNER THE ROLE OF PROPERTY IN SECURE SOCIETIES THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS P October 19–21, 2016 ROPERTY CONFERENCE AUTHORS BRIGHAM-KANNER PROPERTY RIGHTS PRIZE WINNERS R Hernando de Soto IGHTS Thomas W. Merrill James W. Ely, Jr. C ONFERENCE PANELISTS Benito Arruñada James S. Burling J. Peter Byrne J Sjef van Erp OURNAL Janet B. Handy Heinz Klug Frankie McCarthy Michael Rikon Christopher Serkin A PUBLICATION OF THE PROPERTY RIGHTS PROJECT OF 2017 294047 WM Mary Property Rights 6 Cover_a 8/31/2017 10:18 AM Page 2 Statement of Purpose The Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal was established in 2012 to provide a forum for scholarly debate on prop- erty rights issues. The Journal publishes papers presented at the annual Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference as well as other papers submitted and selected for publication. Our goal is to extend the debate to a wider audience. Electronic Versions Electronic versions of the Journal are available at http://law.wm .edu/academics/intellectuallife/researchcenters/property-rights- project/conference-journal/index.php. BRIGHAM-KANNER PROPERTY RIGHTS CONFERENCE JOURNAL Volume 6 2017 Cite as: 6 BRIGHAM-KANNER PROPERTY RIGHTS CONF. J. ___ (2017) A PUBLICATION OF THE PROPERTY RIGHTS PROJECT OF WILLIAM & MARY LAW SCHOOL COLLEGE OF WILLIAM & MARY POST OFFICE BOX 8795 WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA 23187-8795 The Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal [ISSN Number: 2326-7437] is published by the Property Rights Project of William & Mary Law School. Our mailing address is Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, William & Mary Law School, College of William & Mary, Post Office Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795. E-mail address: [email protected]. The views expressed in the Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of the Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, its editors and staff, or the College of William & Mary. History of the William & Mary Law School Chartered in 1693 by Queen Mary II and King William III of England, the College of William & Mary is the second oldest insti- tution of higher learning in the United States. The Chair of Law at William & Mary was created in 1779 by the Board of Visitors at the request of Thomas Jefferson, and was the first established in the United States. The first occupant of the Chair was George Wythe, in whose offices studied Thomas Jefferson, John Marshall, James Monroe, and Henry Clay. The growth of the law school was halted by the beginning of the Civil War in 1861. Sixty years later, the study of law was revived in a modern program that attracts students from all regions of the nation. Copyright Notice The College of William & Mary retains the copyright to all issues of the Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, printed by Western Newspaper Publishing Co., Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana. Except as otherwise provided, the author of each article in this issue has granted permission for copies of that article to be made available for classroom use, provided that (1) copies are dis- tributed at or below cost, (2) the author and the Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal are identified, (3) proper notice of the copyright is affixed to each copy, and (4) the Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal is notified of the use. Subscriptions The Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal is published once a year by the Property Rights Project of William & Mary Law School. Subscriptions to the Journal are considered to be continuous and, absent receipt of notice to the contrary, will be renewed automatically each year. The subscription price is $15.00 per issue. Correspondence related to subscriptions should be addressed to: Ali Trivette, Assistant Editor, Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference Journal, William & Mary Law School, College of William & Mary, Post Office Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795. BRIGHAM-KANNER PROPERTY RIGHTS CONFERENCE JOURNAL VOLUME 6 AUGUST 2017 CONFERENCE BOARD OF ADVISORS COMMITTEE JOSHUA E. BAKER DEAN DAVISON M. DOUGLAS LYNDA L. BUTLER LYNDA L. BUTLER CHRISTI A. CASSEL JOSEPH T. WALDO JAMES W. ELY, JR. CONFERENCE ADVISORY BOARD ALAN T. ACKERMAN ANDREW P. BRIGHAM STEPHEN J. CLARKE ROBERT DENLOW JILL S. GELINEAU MARK (THOR) HEARNE, II JEREMY P. HOPKINS JOSEPH V. SHERMAN JOSEPH P. SUNTUM ROBERT H. THOMAS JOURNAL STAFF Editor LYNDA L. BUTLER Assistant Editor ALI TRIVETTE Bluebooking Editors KRISTIN ADAMS JONATHAN GONZALEZ ERIC TABOR BRIGHAM-KANNER PROPERTY RIGHTS CONFERENCE JOURNAL VOLUME 6AUGUST 2017 THE ROLE OF PROPERTY IN SECURE SOCIETIES OCTOBER 19–21, 2016 PANEL 1: LAND TITLING, INCLUSION, AND THE ROLE OF PROPERTY RIGHTS IN SECURE SOCIETIES OPENING REMARKS: HOW PROPERTY RIGHTS EVEN STOP WARS Hernando de Soto 1 EXCERPTS FROM THE MYSTERY OF CAPITAL Hernando de Soto 9 HOW TO MAKE LAND TITLING MORE RATIONAL Benito Arruñada 73 FORMALIZATION, POSSESSION, AND OWNERSHIP Thomas W. Merrill 113 PANEL 3: PROPERTY’S ROLE IN THE FUNDAMENTAL POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF NATIONS FREEDOM IN PROPERTY: FROM THE MAGNA CARTA TO LAND REFORM IN JAMAICA Janet Bush Handy 129 PROPERTY’S ROLE IN THE FUNDAMENTAL POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF NATIONS: THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN EXPERIENCE Heinz Klug 145 PANEL 5: EMINENT DOMAIN AND EXPROPRIATION AS WEALTH REDISTRIBUTION TOOLS PRIVATE PROPERTY FOR THE POLITICALLY POWERFUL James Burling 179 ARE EMINENT DOMAIN AND CONFISCATION VEHICLES FOR WEALTH REDISTRIBUTION? A SKEPTICAL VIEW James W. Ely, Jr. 211 PANEL 6: DEFINING AND PROTECTING PROPERTY RIGHTS IN INTANGIBLE ASSETS OWNERSHIP OF DATA: THE NUMERUS CLAUSUS OF LEGAL OBJECTS Sjef van Erp 235 PANEL 7: RISING SEAS AND PRIVATE PROPERTY: ADVOCATES AND ACADEMICS IN DEBATE FORMAT PROPERTY IN THE ANTHROPOCENE J. Peter Byrne 259 THE MISSING RUNG: CHALLENGING REGULATORY BARRIERS TO PROPERTY ACQUISITION Christopher Serkin 275 PANEL 8: PROPERTY RIGHTS AS DEFINED AND PROTECTED BY INTERNATIONAL COURTS PROTECTION OF PROPERTY AND THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Frankie McCarthy 299 PROPERTY RIGHTS AS DEFINED AND PROTECTED BY INTERNATIONAL COURTS Michael Rikon 329 OPENING REMARKS: HOW PROPERTY RIGHTS EVEN STOP WARS HERNANDO DE SOTO* From the rural farmer in Latin America who is struggling to pro- tect his family and his possessions to the street vendor in Tunisia whose wares are confiscated, the desire for property and property rights is universal. While many scholars take a theoretical approach to property rights, discussing and proposing what should be, I have devoted my career to finding out what is and use that knowledge to help bring peace, security, and stability. My research has taken me around the world, consulting with governments in an effort to bring stability. Time after time, I have discovered that property—in par- ticular the legal protection of property—has been the key to unlock- ing the value of people’s labor and creating economic, political, and social stability. As we consider the reality of the global terrorism originating from the Arab world today, it is most often thought of as a religious issue involving radical Islam to be solved by traditional warfare.1 But I have consulted with seven heads of state in the Middle East, and time and again my research has found that this is not an issue of religion, it is an issue of property.2 When Mohamed Bouazizi self-immolated in Tunisia at the end of 2010, he didn’t do so because of religion—he did so because of property * President, Institute for Liberty and Democracy, Lima, Peru and recipient of the 2016 Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Prize. This article is a summary of Mr. de Soto’s remarks presented at the 2016 Brigham-Kanner Property Rights Conference held in The Hague on October 19–21, 2016. As the president of the Institute for Liberty and Democracy, Mr. de Soto has made significant changes to the laws and the economic system of Peru and has influenced similar economic programs in nations around the world. He is the author of several works in- cluding The Mystery of Capital (2000) and The Other Path (1989). 1. See Hernando de Soto, This is How We Can Win the War on Terror, WORLD ECON. F. (Jan. 15, 2016), https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/this-is-how-we-can-win-the-war-on -terror/?utm_content=buffer6ec7d&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_cam paign=buffer (noting the West’s traditional attempts to fight terrorism and its failure to create and protect property rights in the Middle East). 2. Hernando de Soto, The Secret to Reviving the Arab Spring’s Promise: Property Rights, DAILY NEWS EGYPT (Apr. 20, 2013), http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/04/20/the-secret-to -reviving-the-arab-springs-promise-property-rights/ (noting that the Arab Spring “was rooted in a desire for . a market-based economy”). 1 2 PROPERTY RIGHTS CONFERENCE JOURNAL [Vol. 6:001 rights.3 He was a street vendor whose cart was confiscated by the po- lice, and when the government refused to listen to him, he set him- self on fire.4 That was the beginning of the Arab Spring—millions of people went out into the streets, demonstrating for more freedom and more rights, and four governments fell.5 In order to understand the true cause of this uprising, I need to take you back to when I first became interested in property rights, in my home country of Peru.
Recommended publications
  • Democracy on the Precipice Council of Europe Democracy 2011-12 Council of Europe Publishing Debates
    Democracy on the Precipice Democracy Democracy is well-established and soundly practiced in most European countries. But despite unprecedented progress, there is growing dissatisfaction with the state of democracy and deepening mistrust of democratic institutions; a situation exacer- Democracy on the Precipice bated by the economic crisis. Are Europe’s democracies really under threat? Has the traditional model of European democracy exhausted its potential? A broad consensus is forming as to the urgent need to examine the origins of the crisis and to explore Council of Europe visions and strategies which could contribute to rebuilding confidence in democracy. Democracy Debates 2011-12 As Europe’s guardian of democracy, human rights and the rule of law, the Council of Europe is committed to exploring the state and practice of European democracy, as Debates of Europe Publishing 2011-12 Council Council of Europe Democracy well as identifying new challenges and anticipating future trends. In order to facilitate Preface by Thorbjørn Jagland this reflection, the Council of Europe held a series of Democracy Debates with the participation of renowned specialists working in a variety of backgrounds and disciplines. This publication presents the eight Democracy Debate lectures. Each presentation Zygmunt Bauman analyses a specific aspect of democracy today, placing the issues not only in their political context but also addressing the historical, technological and communication Ulrich Beck dimensions. The authors make proposals on ways to improve democratic governance Ayşe Kadıoğlu and offer their predictions on how democracy in Europe may evolve. Together, the presentations contribute to improving our understanding of democracy today and to John Keane recognising the ways it could be protected and strengthened.
    [Show full text]
  • The Referendum in FW De Klerk's War of Manoeuvre
    The referendum in F.W. de Klerk’s war of manoeuvre: An historical institutionalist account of the 1992 referendum. Gary Sussman. London School of Economics and Political Science. Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Government and International History, 2003 UMI Number: U615725 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615725 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 T h e s e s . F 35 SS . Library British Library of Political and Economic Science Abstract: This study presents an original effort to explain referendum use through political science institutionalism and contributes to both the comparative referendum and institutionalist literatures, and to the political history of South Africa. Its source materials are numerous archival collections, newspapers and over 40 personal interviews. This study addresses two questions relating to F.W. de Klerk's use of the referendum mechanism in 1992. The first is why he used the mechanism, highlighting its role in the context of the early stages of his quest for a managed transition.
    [Show full text]
  • EB145 Opt.Pdf
    E EPISCOPAL CHURCHPEOPLE for a FREE SOUTHERN AFRICA 339 Lafayette Street, New York, N.Y. 10012·2725 C (212) 4n-0066 FAX: (212) 979-1013 S A #145 21 february 1994 _SU_N_D_AY-.::..:20--:FEB:.=:..:;R..:..:U..:..:AR:..:.Y:.....:..:.1994::...::.-_---.". ----'-__THE OBSERVER_ Ten weeks before South Africa's elections, a race war looks increasingly likely, reports Phillip van Niekerk in Johannesburg TOKYO SEXWALE, the Afri­ In S'tanderton, in the Eastern candidate for the premiership of At the meeting in the Pretoria Many leading Inkatha mem­ can National Congress candidate Transvaal, the white town coun­ Natal. There is little doubt that showgrounds three weeks ago, bers have publicly and privately for the office of premier in the cillast Wednesday declared itself Natal will fall to the ANC on 27 when General Constand Viljoen, expressed their dissatisfaction at Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Veree­ part of an independent Boer April, which explains Buthelezi's head ofthe Afrikaner Volksfront, Inkatha's refusal to participate in niging province, returned shaken state, almost provoking a racial determination to wriggle out of was shouted down while advo­ the election, and could break from a tour of the civil war in conflagration which, for all the having to fight the dection.~ cating the route to a volkstaat not away. Angola last Thursday. 'I have violence of recent years, the At the very least, last week's very different to that announced But the real prize in Natal is seen the furure according to the country not yet experienced. concessions removed any trace of by Mandela last week, the im­ Goodwill Zwelithini, the Zulu right wing,' he said, vividly de­ The council's declaration pro­ a legitimate gripe against the new pression was created that the king and Buthelezi's nephew.
    [Show full text]
  • Austro-Marginalism Contra Austro-Marxism.*
    • ' University of South Florida TAMPA CAMPUS 33620 AREA CODE 813: 988-4131 1 ST. PETERSBURG CAMPUS 33701 Colli'/!!! of Business Administration AREA CODE 813: 898-7411 June 2, 1969 Professor Ludwig von Mises 777 West End Avenue New York, New .York 10025 Dear Professor von Mises: This is to thank you very much for your letter of May 8th. Please find enclosed a xerox copy of my short paper on the Austrian school and the Austro-Marxists. I intend to go to Paris on the 16th of June and shall stay there for a few days. I would be very grateful if you could give me a recommendation to some philosopher or economist with whom I can talk shop. Very cordially, ~l Emil Kauder EK/rm Enclosure Austro-Marginalism contra Austro-Marxism.* 1. The permanent confusion, It is not clear whether the value debate became so:t confusing because it lasted so long, or whether it lasted so long because it is so confusing. By 1804 Lauderdale had become so perplexed by the frustrating stage of this debate that he compared the search for the true value with the hunt for the philosopher's stone.1 Undaunted by Lauderdale's warning, in 1932 tl the German association of Economists (Verein fur Socialpolitik) set aside a whole convention for the discussion of the true value. 2 Even today the debate continues, as Boulding presents the .Walrasian position while Russian and Yugoslavian Marxists defend the labor value theory,3 The following confrontation of the Austro-Marxists and the Austro-Marginalists reveals some reasons for the permanence and the confusion of this discussion.
    [Show full text]
  • 142. Feldkircher Manifest Kaiser Und König Karls
    142. Feldkircher Manifest Kaiser und König Karls Feldkirch, 1919 März 24 AE, Austria 696 [neu 1328 P.O.], Prot. 90.144, deutsche Ausfertigung mit italienischer Übersetzung und französischem Begelitschreiben Druck:Rumi 45 – 46.; Werkmann, Der Tote auf Madeira, 35-38 Der Kaiser sendet Papst Benedikt XV. und König Alfons XIII. von Spanien das Manifest, das er, bestimmt vom Wiener Kardinal Piffl und vom Führer der Christlichsozialen, Prälat Johann Nepomuk Hauser, nicht feierlich und öffentlich publizierte, um dem Frieden und der Zivilisation ein Opfer zu bringen 1. Feierlicher Protest gegen all jene Maßnahmen, die die Regierung, die provisorische und konstituierende Nationalversammlung Deutsch-Österreichs, seit 11.11.1918 getroffen haben. Der Protest richtet sich auch gegen die für die Zukunft angekündigte Thronentsetzung sowie gegen die Landesverweisung des Kaisers und der Mitglieder des Hauses Habsburg-Lothringen. In dem Augenblicke, da Ich Mich anschicke, Deutschösterreich zu verlassen und den gastlichen Boden der Schweiz zu betreten, erhebe ich für Mich und Mein Haus, dessen immerwährende Sorge das Glück und der Friede Seiner Völker war, feierlichen Protest gegen alle Meine jahrhundertealten Herrscherrechte verletzenden Maßnahmen, die die Regierung, die provisorische und die konstituierende Nationalversammlung Deutschösterreichs vom 11. November 1918 an getroffen haben und - wie die Thronentsetzung und Meine sowie der Mitglieder des Hauses Habsburg- Lothringen Landesverweisung - für die Zukunft angekündigt wurden. Ich habe in Meiner Kundgebung vom 11. November 1918 erklärt, Deutschösterreich die Entscheidung über seine Staatsform anheimzugeben. Die deutschösterreichische Regierung nun hat Mein Manifest vom 11. November 1918, das Ich in schwerer Stunde erlassen habe, beseitigt, indem sie noch am gleichen Tage beschloß, der am 12.
    [Show full text]
  • A "Social Dimension" in European Private Law?: the Call for Setting a Progressive Agenda, 41 New Eng
    University of California, Hastings College of the Law UC Hastings Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship 2006 A "Social Dimension" in European Private Law?: The alC l for Setting a Progressive Agenda Ugo Mattei UC Hastings College of the Law, [email protected] Fernanda Nicola Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship Recommended Citation Ugo Mattei and Fernanda Nicola, A "Social Dimension" in European Private Law?: The Call for Setting a Progressive Agenda, 41 New Eng. L. Rev. 1 (2006). Available at: http://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship/1284 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLE A "SOCIAL DIMENSION" IN EUROPEAN PRIVATE LAW? THE CALL FOR SETTING A PROGRESSIVE AGENDA UGO MATTEI* AND FERNANDA NICOLAt Alfred and Hanna Fromm Professor of International and Comparative Law, U.C. Hastings; Professore Ordinario di Diritto Civile, Universita' di Torino. Part of this paper has been written at the Centro Linceo Interdisciplinare Segre, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, where I am currently serving as a Research Associate. A lecture based on this paper has been delivered at the New England School of Law, March 2, 2006 and a talk at the Harvard Law School at the Symposium on Legal Diffusion of the Harvard International Law Journal, March, 4, 2006. Associate Professor, Washington College of the Law, American University, Adjunct Professor at New England School of Law. We wish to thank Duncan Kennedy, Mauro Bussani, Daniela Caruso, Michele Graziadei, Maria Rosaria Marella, Arnulf Becker Lorca and Anna di Robilant for ongoing conversations on this topic and their helpful comments on this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Karl Polanyi. Life and Works of an Epochal Thinker. (Ebook / PDF)
    BRIGITTE AULENBACHER, MARKUS MARTERBAUER, ANDREAS NOVY, KARI POLANYI LEVITT, ARMIN THURNHER (EDS.) KARL POLANYI The Life and Works of an Epochal Thinker Karl Polanyi BRIGITTE AULENBACHER, MARKUS MARTERBAUER, ANDREAS NOVY, KARI POLANYI LEVITT, ARMIN THURNHER (EDS.) KARL POLANYI The Life and Works of an Epochal Thinker Translated by Jan-Peter Herrmann and Carla Welch FALTERVERLAG The translation has been funded by the Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung. ISBN 978-3-85439-689-5 © 2020 Falter Verlagsgesellschaft m.b.H. 1011 Wien, Marc-Aurel-Straße 9 T: +43/1/536 60-0, F: +43/1/536 60-935 E: [email protected], [email protected] W: faltershop.at All rights reserved. Editors: Brigitte Aulenbacher, Markus Marterbauer, Andreas Novy, Kari Polanyi Levitt, Armin Thurnher Translator: Jan-Peter Herrmann, Carla Welch Illustrations: P.M. Hoffmann Layout: Marion Großschädl Production: Susanne Schwameis Printed by myMorawa With this book, we care about the packaging dispensed with plastic wrap. Table of ConTenT Brigitte Aulenbacher, Andreas Novy: Acknowledgements 7 Marguerite Mendell: Foreword 9 Armin Thurnher: Foreword of the German edition 12 I. The Renaissance Brigitte Aulenbacher, Veronika Heimerl, Andreas Novy: The Limits of a Market Society 17 Armin Thurnher: ‘Many graze on Polanyi’s pasture’ 24 Michael Burawoy: Fictitious Commodities and the Three Waves of Marketization 33 II. The Personal and the Historical Michael Burawoy: ‘Wherever my father lived he was engaged in whatever was going on’. Shaping The Great Transformation: a conversation with Kari Polanyi Levitt 41 Michael Brie, Claus Thomasberger: Freedom in a Threatened Society 53 Veronika Helfert: Born a Rebel, Always a Rebel 61 Andreas Novy: From Development Economist to Trailblazer of the Polanyi Renaissance 66 Franz Tödtling: From Physical Chemistry to the Philosophy of Knowledge 74 Michael Mesch: Milieus in Karl Polanyi’s Life 82 Gareth Dale: Karl Polanyi in Budapest 94 Robert Kuttner: Karl Polanyi and the Legacy of Red Vienna 98 Sabine Lichtenberger: ‘The Earliest Beginnings of His Later Teaching Life’ 101 III.
    [Show full text]
  • Aprohibited Persons@@@
    AAAPROHIBITED PERSONS@@@ Abuse of Undocumented Migrants, Asylum-Seekers, and Refugees in South Africa Human Rights Watch New York AAA Washington AAA London AAA Brussels Copyright 8 March 1998 by Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 1-56432-181-9 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-84835 Addresses for Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th Floor, New York, NY 10118-3299 Tel: (212) 290-4700, Fax: (212) 736-1300, E-mail: [email protected] 1522 K Street, N.W., #910, Washington, DC 20005-1202 Tel: (202) 371-6592, Fax: (202) 371-0124, E-mail: [email protected] 33 Islington High Street, N1 9LH London, UK Tel: (171) 713-1995, Fax: (171) 713-1800, E-mail: [email protected] 15 Rue Van Campenhout, 1000 Brussels, Belgium Tel: (2) 732-2009, Fax: (2) 732-0471, E-mail: [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org Listserv address: To subscribe to the list, send an e-mail message to [email protected] with Asubscribe hrw-news@ in the body of the message (leave the subject line blank). Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all.
    [Show full text]
  • 67 Spatial Aspects of Moral Judgements in Lawyers
    Vol. 1, N°2. Diciembre 2017, pp. 67 – 89 Spatial Aspects of Moral Judgements in Lawyers’ Heaven, Peoples’ Earth and Malefactors’ Hell: Leibniz, the Austro-Marxists and Durkheim’s Alleged ‘Disintegration’ Thesis 1 Mate Paksy ([email protected]) Recibido: 26/10/2017 Aceptado: 13/12/2017 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1133709 Abstract: Ever since antiquity, lawyers and philosophers have essentially been divided over whether they should keep law, morality and politics separate, or whether the need for their unity is more compelling. In the wake of countless bloody conflicts worldwide, the durability and resilience of this discourse on laws and morals is at once both impressive and sad. The aim of this paper is to show that individual moral deliberation is essentially local and cannot be dissociated from the spatial-communitarian context – neither by describing society as if it were the City of God (Leibniz), nor by demanding that collective spatial contexts should be deliberately ignored in favour of de-territorialized minority rights (Renner and Bauer), nor by criticizing the ‘disintegration’ thesis which seeks to justify a rights-based Republican vision of society (Hart). It probably goes without saying that recognizing the relevance and importance of the spatial character of our individual normative (legal, moral, religious) judgements in no way implies that legal, moral or political theory-based suggestions, explanations and statements about our societies are either impossible or wrong. The argument tries rather to show that outcome of moral judgments is influenced by the context, therefore a good theory of moral judgement should refer to the spatial contexts as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Crimes Rampant in SANDF
    AFRICA’S BEST READ November 22 to 28 2019 Vol 35 No 47 @mailandguardian mg.co.za Burna Boy Sex crimes rampant in SANDF vs AKA: African O Female soldiers forced to work with abusers unity up in OMinister lashes generals, starts own inquiry 4 & 5 flames 20 & 21 Slave labour at ‘Beautiful City’ Dozens of under-age Cyril plans workers locked inside Jo’burg factory Page 23 reshuffle Photo: Paul Botes to assert Cults and lies in the church of refugees Page 6 control Developing threats: Sisulu in firing line as new alliances take shape Page 3 Photo: David Harrison 2 Mail & Guardian November 22 to 28 2019 IN BRIEF Capture of State Capturers Oluwaseun ppm Former State Security NUMBERS OF THE WEEK 412.08412 08 The number of women that feature on the Time 100 Ayodeji As of September 16 this is the level of carbon Minister Bongani Osowobi dioxide in the atmosphere. A safe number Bongo appeared Next 2019 list of influential young people. The maga- is 350 while 450 is catastrophic briefly in the Cape zine’s list includes Oluwaseun Ayodeji Osowobi (28) from Nigeria, Town Magistrate’s Data source: NASA who was given a shout-out on Twitter by former president court on Thursday Barack Obama, who said he was proud of her and her work in where he is facing 13 organising young people in Nigeria charges of corruption. States drop the Bongo’s arrest is related to his alleged to help end sexual violence attempt to bribe state advocate Ntuthuzelo catch on climate Vanara, who at the time was involved in Parliament’s investigation into state capture.
    [Show full text]
  • Party Politics Jeopardised the Credibility of the Women's National
    Party politics jeopardised the credibility of the Women’s National Coalition Party politics jeopardised the credibility of the Women’s National Coalition for Afrikaner women in the organisation Loraine Maritz History Department University of Stellenbosch [email protected] Samevatting Die Women’s National Coalition (WNC) is in 1992 amptelik gestig en was ‘n inisiatief van die African National Congress Women’s League. Die doelwitte van die WNC was om inligting oor vroue se behoeftes en aspirasies in te samel en dit in ‘n Vrouehandves saam te vat wat uiteindelik ‘n integrale deel van die nuwe Grondwet van Suid-Afrika sou word. Vanweë talle praktiese probleme, asook haar gebrek aan politieke vernuf, het die Afrikanervrou moeilik by die WNC aangepas. Daarby het die vyandigheid van swart vroue wat die vergaderings van die WNC domineer het, verder die Afrikanervrou se betrokkenheid in die wiele gery. In hierdie artikel val die soeklig op hoe die politieke gebeure tydens die onderhandelings vir ’n nuwe demokratiese bestel die WNC en Afrikanervroue beïnvloed het. Keywords: Women’s National Coalition; Afrikaner women; Afrikaner Women’s organisations; Women’s Charter; Political smokescreen; ANCWL. Introduction When public negotiations for a new democratic dispensation in South Africa started in 1990, a new era began in which numerous human rights issues came to the fore. Women also used this opportunity to put women’s issues and gender relations on the national agenda in an attempt to redress the injustices of the past. Black women’s political consciousness developed over many decades. But in the 1980s during the state of emergency and increased political action, they became aware of their suppression as women and realised that the liberation • 99 New Contree, No.
    [Show full text]
  • The Provisional Government of Austria
    RICE UNIVERSITY THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT OF AUSTRIA April 27 to December 12. ®y Mary Ann Pro bus Anzelmo A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS Thesis Director's Signature: Houston, Texas May, 1968 ABSTRACT THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT OP AUSTRIA April 27 to December 13* 19^5 Mary Arm Probus Anzelmo Austria's future in the closing days of World War II was uncertain. The Allies had expected to find a political vacuum. Yet, like a phoenix rising from the ashes, an Austrian provisional government emerged from • the postwar rubble within one-month after Allied liber¬ ation. This study examines the atmosphere which made pos¬ sible such a rapid congealing of political forces, the . initial formation of the government, the difficulties presented by the Soviets on the one hand and the western powers on the other, and the many factors which enabled the government to overcome these difficulties. The importance of the provisional government has frequently been underestimated. For its success in lay¬ ing the foundation for viable Austrian independence, it deserves more credit than its achievements as an interim government suggest. DEDICATION This study I dedicate to those two who have always mattered most:- Sam and Margaret PREFACE The creation of the Austrian Provisional Government in the fascinating milieu, of post World War II Vienna has occupied my interests for the last two years. In the story of the evolution of this interim governmental agency per¬ haps lies the key to Austria’s emergence as an independent nation--free from the domination of any power, east or west.
    [Show full text]