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OF WAT MATCHIMAWAT (WAT KLANG), SONGKHLA PROVINCE, THAILAND by Pensuda Chounchaisit a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Of

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OF WAT MATCHIMAWAT (WAT KLANG), SONGKHLA PROVINCE, THAILAND by Pensuda Chounchaisit a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Of THE STUDY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT OF WAT MATCHIMAWAT (WAT KLANG), SONGKHLA PROVINCE, THAILAND By Pensuda Chounchaisit A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Graduate School SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2007 PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com The Graduate School, Silpakorn University has approved and accredited the Thesis title of “The Study of Cultural Heritage Management of Wat Matchimawat (Wat Klang), Songkhla Province, Thailand” submitted by Ms. Pensuda Chounchaisit as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism. …………………………………………… (Associate Professor Sirichai Chinatangkul, Ph.D.) Dean, Graduate School …………./ …………………../ …………. The Thesis Advisor Professor Ken Taylor The Thesis Examination Committee …………………………………………………. Chairman (Professor Trungjai Buranasomphob, Ph.D.) …………./ ……………………/ …………. …………………………………………………. Member (Assistant Professor Chaiyasit Dankittikul, D.E.D.) …………./ …………………../ …………. …………………………………………………. Member (Professor Ken Taylor) …………./ …………………../ …………. PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com 45056960: MAJOR: ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM KEYWORD: CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT, WAT MATCHIMAWAT PENSUDA CHOUNCHAISIT: THE STUDY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT OF WAT MATCHIMAWAT (WAT KLANG), SONGKHLA PROVINCE, THAILAND. THESIS ADVISOR: PROF. KEN TAYLOR. 171 pp. This study attempts to analyze and evaluate the current cultural heritage management of Wat Matchimawat by focusing on its conservation, site management, interpretation, and site presentation. Historical perspective, physical fabric of the place, social and cultural aspects, including religious beliefs, as well as related issues are closely examined. The study reveals that Wat Matchimawat did quite a good job on its heritage conservation. However, the public participation in the cultural heritage management of the monastery is minimal and the management decision-making is somewhat a ‘top down’ process. Systematic and sustainable heritage management approach is proposed in this study whilst sustainable cultural tourism should be a tool used to conserve the cultural heritage of Wat Matchimawat. Thematic approach to tourism and heritage trail are options proposed in this study to give the host an opportunity to present a better view of Songkhla to visitors. Heritage trail is aimed to increase visitors’ length of stay by providing services and attractions to draw them to experience the historic and cultural dimensions of Songkhla and also to promote the awareness of the local communities on heritage significance and to increase a sense of belonging of people to their place. Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2007 Student’s signature ......................................................... Thesis Advisor’s signature ............................................ PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com Table of Contents Page Abstract………………………………………………………………………... c Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………. d List of Figures………………………………………………………………….. g List of Tables…………………………………………………………………... h List of Plates…………………………………………………………………... i Chapter 1 Introduction…………………………………………………………. 1 Statement of Significance of the Problem……………………… 1 Objectives……………………………………………………… 3 Hypotheses…………………………………………………….. 3 Methods of Study........................................................................ 4 Scope of Study…………………………………………………. 4 Definitions................................................................................... 4 Concept of Cultural Heritage Management and Principle of Sustainable Tourism Development......................................... 5 Literature Review......................................................................... 7 2 Buddhism in Thailand, Influences in Thai Life, and the Roles of the Monks............................................................................... 11 Influences of Buddhism in Thai Life and the Roles of the Monks.................................................................................... 16 3 Wat………………………………………………………………….. 21 The Reasons for Building the Buddhist Monastery…………….. 22 Classifications of Thai Buddhist Monastery……………………. 23 Name of the Buddhist Monastery………………………………. 25 Thai Buddhist Monastic Compound and Common Structures…. 26 4 Wat Matchimawat (Wat Klang), Songkhla…………………………. 31 History of Wat Matchimawat……………………………......…. 35 Buildings, Constructions, and Objects Found within Wat Matchimawat…………………………………………........ 38 The Contemporary Conservation and Management…………..... 65 Visitor Management...................................................................... 83 5 Stakeholder and Visitor Research………………………………….... 89 The Aims of the Research……………………............................. 89 Study Methods……………………………………………..…… 89 Study Findings……………………………………..…………… 90 6 Proposed Conservation, Management, and Tourism Development Procedures……………………………………………………..... 98 Heritage Place (what is our heritage place?)………………….… 98 People Involved (who has an interest in the heritage place?)..…. 99 Information (what do we need to know?)………………..……... 100 Heritage Significance (why is this place important?)……..…….. 101 Related Issues (what are the issues?)…………………..……….. 103 Objectives (what do we wish to achieve?)………………..……. 111 Strategies (what do we need to do?)......................................... 113 Plan (what is our plan?)……………………………………… 133 PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com Page Actions (start doing it!)………………………………………. 133 Revision (review it!)………………………………………… 133 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………. 137 Appendix : Songkhla Province......................................................................... 143 Autobiography……………………………………………………………….. 171 PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com List of Figures Figure Page 1 The spreading of Buddhism into Thailand………………. 13 2 The organization of the monks………………………….. 14 3 Common layouts of the sungkawat and phuttawat area in the monastery……………………………………..... 28 4 Aerial photograph of Bor Yang and Wat Matchimawat.... 31 5 Map of Bor Yang sub-district and Wat Matchimawat….. 32 6 Land zoning of Bor Yang and Wat Matchimawat……… 33 7 Location and area division of Wat Matchimawat………. 34 8 The layout of Wat Matchimawat……………………….. 41 9 Building plan of the ordination hall showing location of the external posts....................................................... 42 10 Plan of stone markers surrounding the ordination hall..... 43 11 The layout of Pattarasil National Museum…………....... 54 12 A mock-up of two-sided single sheet interpretation for Wat Matchimawat...................................................... 121 13 A mock-up of single sheet interpretation about the museum.................................................................. 122 14 The proposed cultural heritage trail……………………..... 132 PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com List of tables Table Page 1 Number of authorities of Mahanikaya and Dhammayuttika Nikaya…………………………… 15 2 Number of Theravada Buddhist monks in Thailand…… 15 3 SWOT analysis of Wat Matchimawat………………….. 110 4 Proposed activities that are necessary in developing Conservation training programme........................... 117 PDF Creator - PDF4Free v2.0 http://www.pdf4free.com List of Plates Plate Page 1 The ubosot, bai sima, and kumpang kaew at Wat Matchimawat……………………………….. 42 2 The gate of the ubosot………………………………… 43 3 The gables of the ubosot…………………………….... 44 4 The stone guardian figures and other carved stone figures at Wat Matchimawat…………………….. 44 5 The doors and windows of the ubosot………………… 45 6 The stone slaps on the verandah………………………. 45 7 The presiding Buddha image, cross beams and posts, and the gables inside the ubosot…………………. 47 8 Details of the murals inside the ubosot……………….. 48 9 The wihan of Wat Matchimawat and the gables…….... 49 10 The wihan’s doors and windows in the Chinese- Western style…………………………………….. 50 11 Chedi and ‘tha’ at Wat Matchimawat…………………. 51 12 The belfry of Wat Matchimawat………………………. 52 13 The study hall of Wat Matchimawat…………………... 53 14 The inside view of the Pattarasil National Museum…… 55 15 The ho trai and details of the gable and door panel…… 56 16 Sala reusi………………………………………………. 57 17 Murals inside the sala reusi……………………………. 58 18 Kuti kengjeen…………………………………………... 59 19 The picture of Mrs. Namdokmai and her daughters....... 59 20 The flagpole stands and details of the bas-relief………. 60 21 The monastery walls and the guardians………………... 61 22 The different style of the monastery gates…………….. 62 23 The hermits at the south gate………………………….. 62 24 King Rama V period monks’ residences....................... 63 25 The ancient well and its pavilion.................................... 63 26 The passageway of Wat Matchimawat………………... 64 27 Some of the well-maintained assets of Wat Matchimawat in the year 2004........................ 65 28 The existing condition of the monastery’s lawn............. 66 29 The condition of the ubosot in the year 2004.................. 68 30 The progress of the ordination hall’s conservation work.. 69 31 The ordination hall after the major conservation in early 2006......................................................................... 69 32 The ordination hall in the year 2007...............................
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