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Town Survey Report Lunglei, Part XB, Series-31, Mizoram

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Town Survey Report Lunglei, Part XB, Series-31, Mizoram CENSUS OF INDIA 1981 PART-XB SERIES 31 MIZORAM TOWN SURVEY REPORT LUNGLEI B.SATYANARAYANA Deputy Director Directorate of Census Operations MIZORAM ~J.a. LIST OF MAps AND PHOTOGRAPHS (ii) FOREWORD (iii) .. PREFACE . (v)-(vi) NOTIONAL MAP OF LUNGLBI TOWN (vii) CHAPTER I Introduction • 1-8 IlHAPlER II History and Growth of the TOWB 9-11 CHAPTER III Amenities and Services-History of Growth and the Present Positi"n • 12-1k CHAPTER IV Economic Life of the Town 19-34. CHAPTER V Ethnic and Selected Socio-Demograpkic C.laara~tori8tici oftke PopulatioR 35-42 CHAPTER VI Migration and Settlement of Families • 43-51 CHAPTER VII Neighbourhood Pattern • 54-56 CHAPTER vm Family Life in the Tows • • • CHAPTER IX Housing and Material Culture • • 63-72 CHAPTER X Slums, Blighted and other Areas with Sub-standard Living Conditions. 73 CHAPTER XI Organisation of Power and Prestige • • 74-82 CHAPTER XII Leisure and Recreation, Social ParticipatioJl, Social Awareness, Religion and Crime • 83-93 OHAPTER XIII Linkages and ContiJl1la • • • • 94-98 CONOLUSION • • • • 99-100 6LOSSARY • 101 LIST OF MAPS'·~ PMOrOGRAPHS Facing Page . , , Notional Map of Lunglei town (vii) Baptist Church Serkawn 4 Stteet (one of the business streets of Lunglei Town) ". '. 5 B.s Station (MST) 6 Memorial Stone erected for the memory of the first Baptist Church founded in Mizoram 7, T~ First Ba.ptist Church BuHdingin Mjz()ralp .. .. " ... " 8 Stone Bridge over Sipai Lui ~O Circuit House 11 Post Office ' 1~ Government High School " 16 Government College 16 Serkawn Christian High School 17'1 Civil Hospital 18 Christian Hospital Serkawn 19<' R;'f.P. Cinema Hall·, '. 84 Town Hall , ..~: Ohikben's Park .. 8S (U) FOREW()Rb Apart from the decennial enumeration of population, the Indian Census is steeped in the tradition of undertaking a variety of studies of topical interest. In fact, the publications brought out in connec­ tion with the earlier censuses contained veritable mines of information on racial, cultural, linguistic and a number of other aspects of life of the people of this country. With the advent of freedom, however, the scope and dimension of these special studies had to be restructUled in a manner that would provide the basic feedbacks on the processes of development taking place in different spheres of life of the people especially under planned development. Thus, in connection with the 1961 Census, a massive programme was launched interalia to con­ duct socio-economic survey of about 500 villages selected from different parts of the country. The main objective of this study was to know the way of life of the people living in Indian villages which accounted for 82 per cent of the total popUlation as per the 1961 Census. There was, however, an imperative need to extend the area of the study to urban centres as well, to provide a complete cOVer­ age of the people living in diverse socio-economic conditions. It was with this objective in view ancil­ lary studies on town were launched as part of the social studies programme in connection with the 1971 Census. The programme of social studies taken up in connection with the 1971 census, was continued without any major change at the 1981 Census as wel1. A study on traditional rural based handicrafts was, however, added as a new item under the social study projects of cthe 1981 Census. For the conduct of urban study 64 small and medium towns were selected from different parts of the country following the criteria such as (a) size, (b) demographic features, (c) functional characteristics, (d) specific industry or OCC\.i_pa~ tion dominating the economy, (c) location, (f) concentration of different castes and communities and (g) other social and cultural phenomenon like temple town, health resort etc. The research design, tools for data collection and formats for data tabulation and report writing required for urban studies were originally formulated by Dr. B. K. Roy Burman, the then Deputy Registrar General, Social Studies Division. His successor, Dr. N.G. Nag took considerable pains to revise all the formats to make them more comprehensive. Dr. K.P. Ittaman, the present Deputy Regis~ trar General heading Social Studies Division, coordinated these studies at different levels as well as rendered necessary guidance to the Directorates of Census Operations for their successful consummation. Shri M.K Jain, Senior Research Officer with the able assistance of Investigators, Shri R.K. Mehta and Shri Sudesh Madan did a commendable job in scrutinising the reports and communicating the Comments thereon to the Directorates. I am grateful to all of them. The present report is the outcome of a study on Lunglei town undertaken by the Directorate of Census Operations, Mizoram. I am indebted to Shri B. Satyanarayana, Deputy Director and his colleagues in the Census Directorate for their painstaking efforts in bringing out this report. :NSWDSLID, V. S. VERMA The 1st of June, ;1988 Registrar General, INDIA. (Ui) PREFACE Modern Census is not merely counting of heads. It aims at presenting a complete statistical pictur. of socio-economic activities of the people and the land. With these objective in view, data were collected relating to social, cultural and economic activities of the people at the time of census count. Attempts are also made to study and to get deeper insight into the growth and functional characteristics of towns which are likely to play an important role in the life and economy oftbe country. During 1971 census, the socio-economic survey was undertaken to study the town characteristics. In 1981 census also the socio-economic survey of the towns was continued. The accelerated pace of urbani­ sation in India compelled the census organisation to undertake more and more urban studies. In Mizoram, Lunglei town is selected for intensive study as part of the 1981 census programme. This is the first time that the Directorate of Census Operations, Mizoram undertook the town study. This study aims at evaluating the intensity and direction of the socio-economic forces generated by the process of urbanisation and its impact on the surrounding rural areas. The towns in general were selected based on a number of criteria such as demographic features, size and growth rate, ecological pattern, functional typ.;: and density of population. The composition of the ethnic, religious, social and cultural activities were also con~idered. The present volume largely covers the history, growth, morph'llogy, economic fU'1ction, n~ighbourho:>d pattern and as a part of social interaction, the cultural clnracteristics, civic and economic conditions of the people of Lunglei town. The present study deals with Lunglei town which is one of the most important towns in the southern territory of Mizoram. Lunglei is Class IV town in 1981 Census with a population of ]7,205, and thili town was treated as a census town for the first time in 1971. It is the second largest town in Mizoram. The main objective is to study the demographic characteristics, urban land-use and urban land-scape of the town. The field survey in the town was conducted by the staff of this Directorate under the close supervision of shri Lalbiakthuama the former Deputy Director of Census. The schedules which were designed by Social Studies Division of the office of the Registrar General of India under the expert guidance of Dr. N.G.Nag, former Deputy Registrar General, India (S.S.) were canvassed through personal enquiry. The schedules canvassed are : ~i) town schedule and (ii) household schedule for selected households in the town from different! wards. At the time of town study, fuUest cooperation was received from different households, various institutions and local churches and also from various Government and Semi-Government Offices functioning in Lunglei town. The report is generally based on the information collected through above mentioned schedules and also from Census data. It has further b3en enriched by the results of the discussions held with local village Council and personal interview with the knowledgeable persons of different localities in the town. I am extremely grateful to Sri V. S. Verma,I.A.S., Registrar General, India, whose incessant encouragement and advice have been responsible for completion of the publication. I am also grateful to Dr. N. G. Nag, former Deputy Registrar General, India (S.S.) and Dr. Ittaman, the Deputy Registrar General, India (S.S.) and officers of the Social Studies Oivi~ion, for their timely guidance and suggestions for improvement to complete the report. I would like to acknowledge the contribution made by Shri P. Lalnithanga, I.A.S., the then Director of Census Operations, Mizoram who had initiated this project before leaving this organi­ sation to take up the assignment as Deputy Commissioner, Lunglei. During the survey he rendered all possible help and guidance to the staff who had carried out the field survey since he Was the Deputy Commissioner there. First draft of this monograph has been prepared by Sri Lalhmingthanga and Sri Zothanth­ nama Statistical Assistants of this office under the guidance of former Deputy Director, Shti Lalbiakthuama. This was further revised by me in the light of comments received from Social Studies Division after taking charle from Sri LaJbiakthuama in March, 1988. The field study was (v) ~vj) conducted by Sri Lalhmingthanga. Srl J. Lalramthara, and Sri Lalbuanga Sailo all Statistical Assistants. Tabulation of the data was undertaken by Sri Zothanthuama. Statistical Assistant and other Computors viz., Sri Saithuama Saiio, 'Sri Saithanthuama, Shri Lalrosanga and Smt. K:.. Laldawngliani. All of them deserve appreciation for their hard work. Sari Hrangdailova, District Information Officer, Lungl.;:i District, also dese"r\ies' specIal appre­ ciation and thanks for taking the photographs of various places, institutions etc. of Lung'tei toWh included in this report.
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