Zurich to Venice 11 Days / 10 Nights | Zermatt - 2 Nights | St Moritz - 2 Nights | Lugano - 1 Night | Milan - 2 Nights | Venice - 3 Nights

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Zurich to Venice 11 Days / 10 Nights | Zermatt - 2 Nights | St Moritz - 2 Nights | Lugano - 1 Night | Milan - 2 Nights | Venice - 3 Nights A SWITZERLAND TO ITALY RAIL JOURNEY CONNECTING TO YOUR MEDITERRANEAN CRUISE SWITZERLAND TO ITALY RAIL EXPERIENCE | ZURICH TO VENICE 11 DAYS / 10 NIGHTS | ZERMATT - 2 NIGHTS | ST MORITZ - 2 NIGHTS | LUGANO - 1 NIGHT | MILAN - 2 NIGHTS | VENICE - 3 NIGHTS ITINERARY Day 1 | Swiss Border - Zermatt Day 3 | Zermatt - St Moritz Day 5 | St. Moritz - Lugano Arrive in Zermatt by train in 1st Board the Glacier Express train Today travel with the Bernina Express class, connecting from any Swiss and enjoy one of the greatest rail of the Rhaetian Railway along the border or Airport. Enjoy Zermatt, journeys in the world! A 7½ hour UNESCO World Heritage route to the famous car-free Alpine resort rail journey takes you across Lugano. Enjoy an Alpine switchback at the foot of the Matterhorn. 291 bridges, through 91 tunnels ride, taking you from a land of Overnight in Zermatt. and across the Oberalp-Pass at towering glaciers to one of swaying 2,044m. To St. Moritz. Overnight palms. Overnight in Lugano. (B) Day 2 | Zermatt in St. Moritz. (B, L) – Gornergrat Excursion Day 6 | In Zermatt, enjoy a day on the Day 4 | St. Moritz Glacier Express ©swissimage.ch Lugano – Swiss Border - Milano popular Gornergrat Bahn, Europe’s The day is at leisure in St. Moritz. After a leisurely breakfast highest open-air cogwheel railway Chic, elegant and exclusive with a depart Lugano by train (Time of takes you to an altitude of 3135m. cosmopolitan ambiance. Located, your own choice (subject to rail The Gornergrat. The train crosses 1856m.above sea level in the schedule) as the journey is about impressive bridges, galleries and middle of the Upper Engadin lake 1.5 hours approximately) in 1st tunnels. On the Gornergrat viewing landscape. The dry, sparkling class to the Swiss border and platform you are surrounded by 29 ‘champagne climate’ is legendary from there to Milano. On arrival peaks rising to above 4000m one of and the celebrated St. Moritz sun at Milano station meet with your which is the famous Matterhorn at shines for an average of 322 days View from the Gornergrat driver and transfer to your hotel 4478m. Overnight in Zermatt. (B) a year. Overnight in St. Moritz. (B) © Zermatt Tourism in Milan. Overnight in Milan (B) ARRANGEMENTS IN SWITZERLAND ARRANGEMENTS IN ITALY CITY TAX & SEAT RESERVATION » Swiss Transfer Ticket Combi: » Global ticket with Seat » Private arrival transfer Milan Classical Switzerland with 4 reservation Swiss border to Rail Station to your hotel. » Please note: Hotels charge first-class transfers Milan Central Rail Station. » Accommodation at your a local City Tax for your stay › Swiss border, airport or rail » Accommodation at your choice choice of 3 or 4 star hotels, in Milan and Venice, this is station to Zermatt of 3 or 4 star hotels, in room in room with private facilities payable directly at the hotel, › Zermatt to St Moritz with private facilities and and breakfast daily: usually at check-out. › St Moritz to Lugano breakfast daily: - 2 nights Milan » » Please note: Seat reservations › Lugano to Swiss border, › - 2 nights in Zermatt » - 3 nights Venice shown as included in the Milan Rail Station › - 2 nights in St Moritz » Rail travel in 1st Class, with program itinerary are as › Seat reservation Glacier › - 1 night in Lugano Seat reservation specified and apply only Express (Zermatt to St. Moritz) » Any additional tickets for » Milan to Venice to to segments of rail travel › Lunch on board optional excursions to travel by Verona to Venice nominated to have the seat the Glacier Express rail, boat, postal-coaches and » Full Day Lake Como reservation included. excluding beverages cable cars can be purchased Excursion from Milan » Seat reservation Bernina at 25–50% of the regular fares » Walking City Tour in Venice Express - St Moritz to Lugano within Switzerland only. - 1.5 hour (train coach) » Service charges, taxes & VAT » Service charges, taxes & VAT » Return excursion to Gornergrat (2nd class only) Glacier Express ©swissimage.ch FOR FURTHER DETAILS CONTACT RESERVATIONS 1300 65 10 65 A SWITZERLAND TO ITALY RAIL JOURNEY CONNECTING TO YOUR MEDITERRANEAN CRUISE SWITZERLAND TO ITALY RAIL EXPERIENCE | ZURICH TO VENICE 11 DAYS / 10 NIGHTS | ZERMATT - 2 NIGHTS | ST MORITZ - 2 NIGHTS | LUGANO - 1 NIGHT | MILAN - 2 NIGHTS | VENICE - 3 NIGHTS Day 7 | Milan - Como Day 9| Venice Enjoy a full days Excursion to Lake In the morning enjoy an orientation Como: Meet with your driver guide walking tour of the city of Venice. at the nominated meeting point 15 Meet your guide at the nominated Verona minutes prior to departure time point at least 15 minutes prior to Day 10 | Venice - Verona and depart Milan to Lake Como commencement of your tour and Today board your high speed by tour coach. On arrival start join the others in the group on a train in 1st class with reserved your visit with an introduction to historic discovery tour of Venice. seats to Verona. On arrival in Near the Venice Cruise Terminal the town centre of Como, followed (Duration of tour 90 minutes. Verona, enjoy free time to explore by a two-hour panoramic cruise Wear comfortable walking shoes). the beauty of the city of Romeo Day 11 | Venice – Fly or Cruise on the lake to the enchanting Highlights including Piazza San and Juliet. For information on After breakfast transfer by village of Bellagio (During the Marco with its Basilica, Clock what to do, where to go and see own arrangements to Venice Summer season) or (During the Tower and Palazzo Ducale. The in Verona, please refer to your Airport and depart or transfer Winter season) take the funicular rest of the day is at leisure. Why city guide. In the afternoon, to Venice Port to board tour to the commune of Brunate to not take a boat ride to the Murano return to Venice by high speed Mediterranean cruise arranged admire a breath-taking view factory. Overnight in Venice (B) train. Overnight in Venice (B) by your Travel Agent. of Lake Como In the afternoon return to Milan by tour coach. 3-Star Hotels 4-Star Hotels Overnight in Milan (B) SWITZERLAND - ITALY | ZURICH TO VENICE 11 Days / 10 Nights Twin Single Twin Single Day 8 | Milan – Venice 9 Apr - 15 Jun 2018, Board your high speed train in 1st 3449 4236 3988 4577 18 Sep-14 Oct 2018 class with reserved seats to Venice. Arrive Venice and check-in to your 16 Jun - 10 Jul 2018 3467 4254 4005 4595 hotel. The afternoon is at leisure, take time to rest at your hotel or 11 Jul -20 Aug 2018 3337 3928 3810 4341 join the tourist trail following the 21 Aug - 17 Sep 2018 3467 4254 4005 4595 street signs to St. Mark’s Square. Overnight in Venice (B) Prices are per person in Australian Dollars and subject to pricing fluctuation. HOTEL LIST 3-Star Hotels 4-Star Hotels SWITZERLAND Zermatt Sarazena, Bristol, Excelsior, Allalin, Alpen Resort, Simi, La Ginabelle, Pollux, Butterfly or similar Parkhotel Beau Site, Schlosshotel Zermatt, Unique Hotel Post or similar St. Moritz Soldanella, Hauser, Art Boutique Monopol, Steffani, Crystal, Laudinella, Bären or similar Reine Victoria or similar Lugano Continental Park, Delfino, International au Lac, Lugano Dante Center, Villa Sassa or similar Federale or similar ITALY Milan Mennini, Fenice or similar Doria, Mediolanum, Madison or similar Venice Carlton Capri, Al Sole, Amadeus, Principe, Nazionale or similar AI Amori D’oriente or similar Level 5, 1 Princess Street, Kew Victoria 3101 Australia | Tel: 61 3 9851 8747 | Fax: 61 3 9851 8720 [email protected] | ABN 52 005 586 121 | ATAS No 10424.
Recommended publications
  • Grand Lakes of Switzerland Rail Tour.Indd
    Rail holidays to Switzerland The Grand Lakes of Switzerland Rail Tour www.expressionsholidays.co.uk 01392 441217 GRAND SWISS RAIL JOURNEYS The Grand Lakes of Switzerland Rail Tour 11 NIGHTS / 12 DAYS Lake Geneva GoldenPass Line Saanenland Bernese Oberland Lake Lucerne Gotthard Gotthard Panorama Express Lake Lugano Bernina Express Bernina Pass Lake Zurich Jet d’Eau in Lake Geneva Linking together the most breath-taking and sublime lakes in Switzerland, this grand tour stops off beside the four main Swiss lakes, plus the lesser-known lakes of St Moritz, Sils, Silvaplana, Fallboden, Thun, and Brienz. We aim to capture in this rail touring holiday the various sides to these lakes as well as the diverse villages, towns, and cities that line their shores. This This grand tour of Switzerland’s lakes throw from many picturesque lakes. You now (fi rst class can be booked at a supplement) begins with your arrival by aeroplane or by re-join the Bernina Express railway as it heads • 8 days Swiss rail fl exi pass (fi rst class can train into Geneva. From here, you catch a train towards Chur, the oldest town in Switzerland, be booked at a supplement) to Lausanne for your fi rst stay beside Lake where you change for a direct train to Zurich. • 2 nights’ bed and breakfast in Lausanne Geneva, what might be Switzerland’s most Relax in your choice of luxury Zurich hotel • 2 nights’ bed and breakfast in Grindelwald popular lake. Then, move on into the Bernese after visiting the Grossmunster Church and • 3 nights’ bed and breakfast in Lucerne Oberland via the GoldenPass Line and stay appreciating the crispness of this historic area • 2 nights’ bed and breakfast in Lugano in the chocolate box village of Grindelwald.
    [Show full text]
  • Trip Factsheet: Monte Rosa Climber Zermatt Zermatt Is a Charming
    Trip Factsheet: Monte Rosa Climber Zermatt Zermatt is a charming alpine village. It is car-free and reached only by a 15 minute train journey from the valley station of Tasch. As you would expect given its location it is one of Europe's main centres of Alpinism and is a bustling town in both winter and summer. The town is at 1,650m/5,420ft. Zermatt is in the German-speaking section of Switzerland. English (and French) are widely spoken. For further details on Zermatt click on the Zermatt Tourism website at www.zermatt.ch/en/ Monte Rosa (4,634m/15,203ft) Monte Rosa is the second highest mountain in the Alps and the highest mountain in Switzerland. The Monte Rosa is known in German as the Dufourspitze. It is in the Monte Rosa massif which is a range that lies on the border between Switzerland and Italy and is made up of several summits over 4500m, including Nordend, Zumsteinspitze, Signalkuppe and Ludwigshohe. Monte Rosa is located in the Pennine Alps (at 45°56′12.6″N, 7°52′01.4″E), 12kms east of Zermatt. It was first climbed in 1855. We usually ascend Monte Rosa over a 3 day period via the West ridge - the route is graded AD. The ascent begins from the Monte Rosa Hut which is accessed via the Gornergrat railway and a 2 hour trek. Summit day is a long, steady climb with 1800m of ascent to the highest point, called the Dufourspitze. There is a short grade 3 rock section and ice-slopes up to 40 degrees.
    [Show full text]
  • Bernina Express
    Bernina Express https://www.irtsociety.com/train/bernina-express/ Overview The spectacular Bernina line was completed in 1910 and is run by Rhaetian Railways. Beginning in Chur, St. Moritz or Davos, it passes the glaciers of Piz Bernina, making this the highest railway crossing in all of the Alps. It travels over 38 miles, climbing grades of up to 7%––without rack and pinion––to more than 7,391 feet at the Bernina Pass summit, and drops down to just 1,408 feet at Tirano, Italy. One minute, it seems, you’re above the tree line in a frozen wasteland; the next, you’re zooming to a landing, like in an airplane, into a subtropical Italian paradise. The combination of remarkable scenery and engineering prompted the World Heritage The Society of International Railway Travelers | irtsociety.com | (800) 478-4881 Page 1/2 Committee on July 7, 2008 to add this line (and its sister line, Albula) to the UNESCO World Heritage list. This makes the Rhaetian Railway one of four railways worldwide to be considered “universally outstanding” by UNESCO. (The other three are the “toy trains” of India: Darjeeling, Shimla and Nilgiri.) Accommodations Bernina Express trains have spacious first- and second-class Panorama cars. All seats require reservations. You won’t be sitting long, however. The train passes over viaducts as high as 295 feet, twists through the Albula Valley, up past rock formations and glaciers, then plunges into Italy on a famous corkscrew viaduct. This is a daytime-only train; there are no overnight accommodations on board. Dining A roving snack trolley has tea, coffee, snacks, and souvenirs for sale.
    [Show full text]
  • Rail Holiday to Venice Through the Alps on the Bernina Express.Indd
    Rail holidays of Italy Rail holiday to Venice through the Alps on the Bernina Express www.expressionsholidays.co.uk 01392 441275 RAIL HOLIDAYS OF ITALY Rail holiday to Venice through the Alps on the Bernina Express 7 NIGHTS / 8 DAYS Bernina Express St Moritz Venice Burano Murano In this rail holiday to Venice, you take in some of most spectacular scenery of the Swiss Alps viewed through the panoramic windows of the Bernina Express. Start from the UK by Eurostar to Paris where you change to a TGV Lyria train to Zurich. Following a night in Zurich, you travel onwards to St Moritz where you break the journey for to enjoy the Alpine lifestyle. The Bernina Express railway then takes you through the very heart of the Alps. Travelling slowly gives time to take in the glaciers, mountains, pretty villages, lakes and pine forests. The highest point is Ospizio Bernina, where the route reaches 2,253 metres before dropping 1,800 metres down to Tirano and into Italy. In Tirano there is time for lunch before travelling on to Milan. This is an attractive route, at fi rst passing vineyards perched precariously on hillside terraces, and then along the eastern edge of Lake Como. From Milan, a high speed train takes you onwards to Venice. We suggest a stay of three nights in Venice to give you time to explore this fascinating city with its bobbing gondolas, Byzantine and Gothic architectural gems and interesting islands. This holiday uses the Thello sleeper train to Paris and then Eurostar back to London.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Italy: the Alps, Dolomites & Lombardy 2021
    YOUR O.A.T. ADVENTURE TRAVEL PLANNING GUIDE® Northern Italy: The Alps, Dolomites & Lombardy 2021 Small Groups: 8-16 travelers—guaranteed! (average of 13) Overseas Adventure Travel ® The Leader in Personalized Small Group Adventures on the Road Less Traveled 1 Dear Traveler, At last, the world is opening up again for curious travel lovers like you and me. And the O.A.T. Northern Italy: The Alps, Dolomites & Lombardy itinerary you’ve expressed interest in will be a wonderful way to resume the discoveries that bring us so much joy. You might soon be enjoying standout moments like these: In my mind, nothing is more idyllic than the mountainous landscapes and rural villages of Alpine Europe. To immerse myself in their pastoral traditions and everyday life, I love to explore rural communities like Teglio, a small village nestled in the Valtellina Valley. You’ll see what I mean when you experience A Day in the Life of a small, family-run farm here where you’ll have the opportunity to meet the owner, walk the grounds, lend a hand with the daily farm chores, and share a traditional meal with your hosts in the farmhouse. You’ll also get a taste for some of the other crafts in the Valley when you visit a locally-owned goat cheese producer and a water-powered mill. But the most moving stories of all were the ones I heard directly from the local people I met. You’ll meet them, too, and hear their personal experiences during a conversation with two political refugeees at a local café in Milan to discuss the deeply divisive issue of immigration in Italy.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour De Monte Rosa
    TOUR DE MONTE ROSA Complete the Tour de Monte Rosa, a superb Alpine trekking holiday around Switzerland's highest peak Complete a full 9-day walking circuit around the Monte Rosa massif Walk hut-to-hut and overnight in a succession of atmospheric Alpine refuges Be immersed in stunning Swiss and Italian Alpine scenery, with views of the Matterhorn Experience one of Europe's finest walking holidays - an undiscovered gem HOLIDAY CODE TMR Switzerland, Trek & Walk, 11 Days 5 nights mountain hut / refuge, 5 nights hotel, 10 breakfasts, 10 dinners, max group size: 10, 9 days trekking, max altitude - 3317m VIEW DATES, PRICES & BOOK YOUR HOLIDAY HERE www.keadventure.com UK: +44(0) 17687 73966 US (toll-free): 1-888-630-4415 PAGE 2 TOUR DE MONTE ROSA Introduction Classic walking holiday adventure trekking around Monte Rosa in the Swiss Alps. One of the finest long-distance trekking opportunities in Alpine Europe is the walking circuit of the huge, many-summitted massif of Monte Rosa (4634m) in the Swiss Alps. Starting out from the picturesque Alpine village of Saas Fee, our walking follows a clockwise direction, crossing from Switzerland then trekking into Italy and then back again. This undiscovered gem of a walking route around Monte Rosa keeps to the high ground as much as possible, close up beneath towering Alpine peaks, crossing airy passes and encountering snowfields and even walking over glaciers. En route, there are stunning views of many of the big peaks of the Alps, such as the Dom (4545m) Weisshorn (4596m) and particularly memorable Matterhorn (4478m).
    [Show full text]
  • Bernina Pass – St.Moritz to Poschiavo
    Train Simulator 2018 Bernina Pass – St.Moritz to Poschiavo © Copyright Thomson Interactive Ltd, all rights reserved Release Version 1.0 Train Simulator 2018 – Bernina Pass 1 ROUTE INFORMATION .................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Route Overview ................................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 History .............................................................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Route Map ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Rolling Stock and Services ............................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Route Features ................................................................................................................................. 5 2 THE ABE 8/12 ALLEGRA ............................................................................................... 6 2.1 Train History .................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Design & Specification ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Additional Keyboard Controls ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Lebenslauf Büro Für Homepage
    CURRICULUM VITAE Name Peter Amstutz Beruf Tiefbau-Eisenbetonzeichner Maurer Dipl. Techn. Bauführer SBA Jahrgang 1965 Sprachen Deutsch, Italienisch Spezial- - EDV-Software: Bauspezifisch kenntnisse - Sprengausweis Kat. B - KOPAS Arbeitssicherheit Berufliche Tätigkeiten Bauführer 1992 - 1993 Neubau Einlaufwerk, Randa 1993 Sanierung Unwetterschäden 1993, «Sälli», St. Niklaus 1993 - 1995 Neubau Flurstrasse, Embd, Los 3 1994 Neubau Forststrasse «Site», Grächen 1995 Flussbachverbau Saas-Almagell, Los 2 1996 Neubau Sesselbahn «Bärgji», Grächen 1996 Neubau Beschneiungsanlage «Hannigalp», Grächen 1996 - 1997 Sanierung «Flurgasse», Embd 1996 - 1997 Neubau Flurstrasse «Feld», Törbel 1996 - 1998 Flussbachverbau Saas-Grund, Los 2 und 3 1997 Neubau Sesselbahn Stafel - Seetalhorn, Grächen 1998 - 1999 Neubau Erschliessungsstrasse «Moos - Meisen», Grächen 1999 Neubau Steinschlagverbauung «Tschong», Kalpetran 1999 Neubau Steinschlagverbauung «Bränd», Täsch 1999 Abdichtung «Kellensee» Gornergrat, Zermatt 1999 Neubau Zentrale KW Mutt, Zermatt 1999 Neubau Kantonsstrasse St. Niklaus - Grächen, Los 3 B 2000 Neubau Gondelbahn, Rosswald 2000 Erweiterung «St. Jodernkellerei», Visperterminen 2000 Neubau EFH «Taugwalder», Zermatt 2000 Sanierung Unwetterschäden 2000 Baltschieder, Los 1 - 6 und Baltschiedertal Ulrich Imboden AG, Visp Seite 1 von 5 2000 - 2002 Neubau KW Mutt, Winterfassung «Trift», Zermatt, Fassung und Einstiegschacht 2001 Sofortmassnahmen Unwetter Neubrück - Sefinot, Stalden, Los 2 2001 Neubau Durchfahrt Kantonsstrasse, Visp, Los 2 2001 Neubau Stützmauer
    [Show full text]
  • Mastergroupflyanddrive.Pdf
    Monumento al Marinaio di Taranto Dedicated to the sailors of the Italian Navy. Apulia Tour / Apulia Baia delle Zagare - FG 1st Day 4th Day Arrival at Bari Airport. Arrival and check-in at hotel in Bari area. In the Breakfast at hotel. Transfer on your own by car to the Itria Valley - land of afternoon visit of Bari. The program of visit, includes among others, fairy trulli. Drive to Martina Franca, a charming town, where besides the Romanesque Basilica of St. Nicholas, Romanesque - Gothic cathedral of famous trulli there is also the center of the city. Walk around the town and San Sabino, a medieval castle of the Emperor Frederick II, Teatro visit the beautiful Basilica of San Martino. Transfer to Ostuni the white Petruzzelli. Dinner on your own and overnight stay at your hotel picturesque town situated on top of a hill. Walk around the city, a visit to accommodation. the baroque Cathedral and the ruins of the twelfth-century castle. Then 2nd Day drive to Alberobello, a town inscribed on the World Heritage List of Breakfast at hotel. Transfer on your own by car to Trani, visiting the UNESCO, for the famous trulli, unique little houses with conical roofs of beautiful cathedral of St. Nicholas, the most outstanding example of gray slate. In the evening return to your hotel. Dinner on your own and Romanesque apulian architecture and Castello Svevo. Return to Bari. The overnight stay at your hotel accommodation. program of visit, includes among others, Romanesque Basilica of St. 5th Day Nicholas, Romanesque - Gothic cathedral of San Sabino, a medieval castle Breakfast at hotel.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountaineering in the Monte Rosa Massif. Contents
    Mountaineering in the Monte Rosa Massif. Contents. Overview 1 Team 2 Background 5 Planning & financials 9 Mountaineering training 12 Tour itinerary 16 Concluding remarks 32 Summary Aims This report gives an overview of • Train mountaineering skills an alpine tour conducted in the Monte Rosa massif in August 2020, • Summit more than ten peaks Overview. supported by the Exploration above 4000m in one week Board of Imperial College London and the Old Centralians’ Trust. The • Minimise environmental impact common interest of our team was to take our first steps in high-altitude mountaineering. We were also keen to explore how the adverse environmental impact of such a trip may be minimized through choices made at the planning stage. The report covers preparatory work, an alpine training course in the Scottish Cairngorms and details of the tour in the Swiss and Italian alps taking in several peaks above 4000m. Scottish + Cairngorms London + + Monte Rosa Massif 1 Team 2 Team. Laura Braun Role: Expedition Leader Occupation: PhD Student, Imperial College London Age: 29 Laura researches technical interventions in the fight against neglected tropical diseases. Her passion for the outdoors manifests itself in the many hours spent climbing every week. Whenever London becomes too hectic, her touring bike quite literally becomes her escape. But often the downward facing dog, the warrior or child’s pose will also have the desired effect. Benedict Krueger Role: Deputy expedition leader, med. officer Occupation: PhD Student, Imperial College London Age: 27 Ben’s research focuses on exploring novel treatment technologies for human waste to improve sanitation in low- and middle-income countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Estimation of a Maximum Lu Diffusion Rate in a Natural Eclogite Garnet
    Swiss J. Geosci. DOI 10.1007/s00015-008-1268-y Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2008 Estimation of a maximum Lu diffusion rate in a natural eclogite garnet SUsANNE SKORA1, *, LUKAs P. BAUMGARTNER1, NANCY J. MAHlEN 2, THOMAs J. LApEN 3, ClARK M. JOHNsON 2 & FRANÇOIs BUssY1 Key words: alpine eclogites, Lu zoning, volume diffusion, Lu/Hf, Sm/Nd, closure temperature ABSTRaCT Lutetium zoning in garnet within eclogites from the Zermatt–Saas Fee zone, timate the minimum closure temperature, Tc, for Sm–Nd and Lu–Hf age data Western Alps, reveal sharp, exponentially decreasing central peaks. They can that have been obtained in eclogites of the Western Alps, postulating, based be used to constrain maximum Lu volume diffusion in garnets. A prograde on a literature review, that D (Hf) < D (Nd) ≤ D (Sm) ≤ D (Lu). Tc calcula- garnet growth temperature interval of ~450–600 °C has been estimated based tions, using the Dodson equation, yielded minimum closure temperatures of on pseudosection calculations and garnet–clinopyroxene thermometry. The about 630 °C, assuming a rapid initial exhumation rate of 50°/m.y., and an maximum pre–exponential diffusion coefficient which fits the measured average crystal size of garnets (r = 1 mm). This suggests that Sm/Nd and Lu/Hf –6 2 central peak is in the order of D0 = 5.7*10 m /s, taking an estimated acti- isochron age differences in eclogites from the Western Alps, where peak tem- vation energy of 270 kJ/mol based on diffusion experiments for other rare peratures did rarely exceed 600 °C must be interpreted in terms of prograde earth elements in garnet.
    [Show full text]
  • New Monte Rosa Hut, Switzerland Name
    Project New Monte Rosa Hut, Switzerland name Keywords Alps, Architecture, Energy-self-sufficient, Off-Grid Start of 2005 project End of In operation project Contact ETH Zürich, Schweizer Alpen Club SAC person or organisat ion Short The New Monte Rosa Hut was built between snow, ice, glaciers project and mountains in the middle of the Swiss Alps. The hut serves as descripti a guesthouse for climbers, hikers and skiers.The project is a on / cooperation between the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology project ETH and the Swiss Alpine Club SAC. The hut was built as a test function object for sustainable construction in such extreme conditions. The aim was to demonstrate self-sufficiency and sustainability. Lastly, the hut features a unique architecture that makes it an unmistakable project in the Swiss Alps. Water Since there is no connection to a central water supply facility, service water has to be obtained from melting ice. For this purpose, a water cavern was installed 40 meters above the hut where during summer ice is melted to fill the cavern. The sanitary facilities were designed to operate with low water consumption. The wastewater can be stored in a waste water tank depending on the available energy for the purification process. The sewage is purified in a compact wastewater treatment plant, which consists of the mechanical pre-treatment, the aeration tank, the filtration chamber and the separate surplus sludge storage tank. The purified water is used for the toilet flushing and the washing machine. Energy One of the main objectives of the project was to build an energy- self-sufficient building.
    [Show full text]