INDEX OF ORGANISMS

Acer negundo 33 Drosophila mojavensis 153-155, 157-161 Acheta domesticus 65, 265 Drosophila pseudoobscura 19-22, 25-26, Agelenopsis 33,49, 51 28-29, 64, 79, 83, 218 Agelenopsis aperta 33-34, 37, 39, 47 Drosophila paulistorum 2, 97-98, 100-105, Alsophila pometaria 297,299 107 Aneides 291 Drosophila persimilis 19, 22, 64 Aplysia 255, 258-261 Drosophila simulans 64, 79, 84-85, 200, Aplysia calijornica 255 238-239 Archips argyrospilus 305, 307 Drosophila willistoni 20, 207 Archips mortuanus 307 Enallagma hageni 115 Archips semijeranus 305 Ephestia kuehniella 104 Argyrotaenia velutinana 264, 311 Erwinia carnegieana 155 Asclepias curassavica 7 Euphydryas chalcedona 300 Asclepias syriaca 9, 111 Ferocactus acanthodes 154 Aspila virescens 169 Garanium barbadense 169 Bastardia 164 Garanium carolinianum 163 Bastardia viscosa 163 Garanium dissectum 163, 165 Battus philenor 120 Gargaphia solani 135-138, 140-141 Biston betularia 247-248, 252 163 Bombyx mori 322 Grapholitha molesta 269, 311 Cajanus cajan 163 Heliothis 168, 312 Callosobruchus macultatus 145-146, 151 Heliothis virescens 55-56, 58-59, 163-164, Carnegiea gigantea 153 166-169 Choristoneura fumijerana 312 Heliothis zea 56, 169 Colias 64, 173, 175-178, 180-181,297 Juniperus osteosperma 33 Colias eurytheme 176, 180-181,312 Ips paraconfusus 306-307 Colias meadii 178 Ips pini 306-307, 312-313 Colias philodice eriphyle 174-182 Lathyrus leucanthus 174 Drosophila 2, 4, 20, 23, 29, 64, 79, 86, 89, Limax maximum 323 155, 197-199, 207, 210, 215-216, 218-220, Liriomyza 186 223, 226, 231-233, 237, 240-241, 243, Liriomyza sativae 185-186, 188, 193 247-248, 251-252, 263, 273, 288, 320-321, Mamestra brassi.cae 323 323 Medicago sativa 174 Drosophila grimshawi 161 Metepeira spinipes 45-52 Drosophila melanogaster 9, 28-29, 61, 80-82, Nicotiana tabacum 163 85, 152, 187-192, 195-196, 199,201,205, Oncopeltus fasciatus 7-10, 13, 16-17 212-213,221,226-228,230-231,237-238, Opuntia ficus-indica 154-155 240-241, 276, 299 Ostrinia nubilalis 263, 308, 310-313

329 330 Index of Organisms

Papilio australis 119, 125, 128 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 155 Papilio eurymedon 119-120, 124 Schistrocerca gregaria 323 Papilio glaucus canadensis 119-122, 124-129 Schizocosa 63 Papilio glaucus glaucus 119-131 Schizocosa ocreata 63, 66-75 Papilio multicaudatus 119-120, 124 Schizocosa rovneri 63, 66-75 Papilio polyxenes 295 Solanum carolinense 136 Papilio rutulus 119-121, 125 Spodoptera Iittoralis 307-308 Patalene olyzonaria puber 300 Spodoptera litura 307 Pectinophora gossypiella 169 Sporobolus flexuosus 33 Phormia 320, 323 Stenocereus gummosus 158-159 Phormia regina 161 Stenocereus thurberi 153 Pieris brassicae 323 Teleogryllus com modus 64 Pieris napi macdunnoughii 296-297 Teleogryllus oceanicus 64, 264, 276 Platanus wrightii 33 Tetraopes tetraophthalmus 110-112, 114-115 flavedana 304-305 Trifolium resupinatum 163 Platynota idea usa/is 304 Vicia americana 174 Plethodon 291 Vicia villosa 163 Rhagoletis 3 Vigna unguiculata 147 Rhagoletis mendax 4 Yponomeuta cagnagellus 299 Rhagoletis pomonella 3-4 Yponomeuta malinellus 299 SUBJECT INDEX

Adaptationist program. 173 Behavior (continued) Adaptive behavior pleiotropy and interactions among loci a~ determinants coevolution model. 248 of. 60 evolution of. 248 territorial. 33. 34. 38. 40 mutation and. 297 cis-vaccenyl alcohol and. 227 pleiotropic model. 248 Bruchid beetle. 145-152 spider mites. 297 geographic strains. 145 ARe/el1ops;s aperta. territoriality and. 34 host preference. 297 Alcohol adaptation. 248-249 mating behavior :-,train variations. 149 alcohol dehydrogenase and. 248 oviposition behavior. 146 genetic basis. 248 male effect on. 145 Allozyme analysis. 36 Buyozoan~. sociality. 43 Artificial selection. natural selection and. 291 Budworm . hybrids. pheromone phenotypes. 312 Associative conditioning. 241 Butterflies Associative learning. 323 inheritance of court~hip communication systems in. 64 Assortive mating. 80. 83 supergene. 64 founder-flush·crash episodes and. 85 host plant preference and. 186 Cankerworms, 299 negative. 312 Cannibali,m Aversion learning. 323 genetic variability in propensity for. 55-56 polygenic model. 59 Bark beetle. pheromone. as a strong behavioral antago• Carboxylesterase. see EST-6 nist. 306 Caterpillars Behavior feeding behavior. 320 adaptive. 248 gu~tatory receptors. variability responses of. 323 aggressive, 44 Cellular function. sex and. 278 alcohol avoidance. 252 Central excitatory stale classification. 319 consequence of establishing. 322 defined. 319 defined. 322 digging, 200 duration. 322 effect of a carboxylesterase on. 223-236 Central inhibitory state egg layering. 255 defined. 322 escape. 276 duration. 322 genes and. 19. 273 Cercal sensory system. 276-278 genetic control, mutation and. 4 Chemical ()vipo~ition preference assay. 17R genetic correlations Chromosomal polymorphism evolution and. 197 Drosoph;{a pseudoohscura, 19 phenotypic and genotypic. 197 gcotactic behavior and. 21 genetic methods used for dissection of. 275 Chromosome number. reproductive i~olation and. 85 habitat selection. 33 Circadian rhythm host choice. 173. 174. 175 courtship song and. 218 induction as means of altering. 323 evidence for genetic control. 215-221 male lipids and. 227 of locomotor activity. 238 maternal defensive. 135-143 mutation~ and. 232 mating. see Mating behavior thoracic nervou~ sy~tcm and. 21 X physiological capacities and. 295 Cladogene,is. ftush-crash cycles and. 79 331 332 Subject Index

Classical conditioning, 322 Drosophila melanogaster (('olltinun/) Coadaptation vagility among strains, 30 genetic hypotheses, 247 Drosophila mojarensis unive"ality, 247 hahitat selection behavior, 153-162 Coleoptera, feeding behavior, 320 oviposition behavior. congenital preference in, 161 Co/ia,1 philoJice niplnlt, host utilization, 174 Dro,\Ophila pauIiS{()nWl Colonies endosymbionb, 97 invertebrates, 43 cell-wall dcticiency, IOJ I'S social groups, 43 identification of, 102-105 Color polymorphism tetracycline and, 105 genetic and physiological mechanism in, 126 ubiquity, 102 significance, 129 flow diagram of pas~age of infectiou~ agenb in. 103 Colorado potato beetle, 320 hybrid sterility, 98 Corn borer, 308-317 neotropical semispecic~. 97 Cotton leafworm , 307 sexual selection, 98 Coumhip, 33, see also Mating behavior Drosophila pseudoob,H'ura. chromo~omal polymorphi~m, Courtship song 19 location of genes controlling. 64 Drosophila simu/ans. a... ideal ~pecimcn for mating exper• prestimulation, aftereffects, 241 iments, 85 rhythm, circadian rhythm and, 218 species-specificity, 238 Eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly, 119-134 Cricket~. mating behavior. 2 color determination by autosomal gene. 121 color polymorphism Damselfly genetic and phy~iological mcchani~m~ in, 1~6 mating behavior, 115 ~igniticance. 12Y reproduction character di~placemcnt in \\-ing patterns. cytoplasmic inheritance a~ explanation for variation in 306 offspring. 124 Digging behavior, polygenic control, 200 female wing paltern~. alterations in, 126 Directional selection reproductive isolation, 119 genetic correlations alllong traib in. 285 subspecies, 119 pleiotropy and, 285 Egg laying hormone Disruptive selection, polymorphism, 295 encoding in polyprotein precursor. 256 DNA ~equencc. variations in. transcriptional ~pecificity gene, 256 and, 260 gene family Drosophila precu",,, polypeptides encoded hy, 259 alcohol adaptation, 248-249 secificity, 259 circadian rhythm. di\fupted, 232 gene products. 256 EST-6 and behavior of. 223-236 polyprotein precursor. 257 feeding bchavior, 320 target tissue, 255 hybrids between species of. 64 Egyptian cotton Icafworm moth, 307 male courtship song rhythm, circadian rhythm and, 218 Elens-Wattiaux mating chamber, 101 mating behavior, 2 End()~ymbionts mating ~ite~. 86 Drosophila paulis/orunJ, 97 mating ~ong, location of genes controlling, 64 identification, 102-105 model for ("cillator, 218 tetracycline and, 105 mutation, circadian defects, 232 ubiyuity, 102 populations. microgeographic genetic variation. 20 Epipharyngeal receptors, 320 seminal fluid. components of. 232 Escape behavior. induced hy cercal stimulation, 276 ,exual receptivity of mated females, EST-6 and, 226 EST-6 sexual selection, 89-95 bio,ynthesis, 224 song rhythms, species-specificity, 238 electrophoretic varianb. 223 sterile male remating experimenh. 224-225 genetic locus. 213 thoracic nervous ~y ... tem, circadian rhythm and. 21S I()cu~, ontogenetic expres~ion. 224 Drosophila wimshaH'i, coloni/ation of plant host, 161 long-term behavioral effects, 224 Drosophila melanogasler mating behavior and, 230-231 courtship pheromone sy~tem. genetic control of. 312 remating and. 224 mating speed. genetic basis, 64 short-term behavioral effccb. 226 third instar larvae, 19~-208 substrate for. 227 age and behavior, relationship between, 202-206 tra'bport for female, 224 larval foraging behavior. 198-202 Esterase, 40 prepupation behavior. 206-208 Eurporean corn borer, 30X-317 Subject Index 333

Evolution Host preference (col1linucd) basic factors for, 153 mutation of taste receptors and. 299 host preference, 300 silkworm, 299 host utilization, 174 specificity, 299 Host suitability, host choice behavior and, 182 Feeding behavior, 320-322 Host utilization, 173-184 aversion behavior, 323 Colias philoilicc eripln'lc, 174 caterpillar, 320 evolution, 174 Coleoptera, 320 in no-choice situations l'S choice situations. 181 Drosophila, 320 Hydrozoans, 43 genetic analysis, 321 genetic control. 322 Induction, 322 , 320 behavioral changes by, 323 Phormia, 320 defined, 323 pre-imaginal conditioning, 323 habituation and, 323 role of receptors in, 321 Intrasexual selection, 145 sexual selection and, 90, 93 Inversion polymorphism, 24 Flush-crash cycle Invertebrate cladogenesis as a by-product of, 79 behavior, predictability, I defined, 79 suitability for behavior genetic studies, Fumerase, 40 Isofemale line, 23 variation, 25 Gene(s) additive effects, 98 Lace bug behavior and, 19, 273 maternal defensive behavior, 135-143 egg laying hormone, 256 distinct components of. 136 method for producing changes in, 273 genetic variability, 136-137 Genetic dissection, 273-281 predatory density and, 138 in behavior analysis, advantages, 279 reproductive value and, 135 cereal sensory system and, 277 Larval foraging behavior, 198-202 defined, 273 digging behavior. 199-200 soft, 275, 276 locomotory component, 200-202 Genetic mechanisms, models, 75 oviposition preference and, 208-209 Genetic variations rover vs sitter, 198-199 bottlenecks in mating and, 80, 84 Larval growth intraspecies, 185 effect of leaf nitrogen and water content on, 176 Genetics, quantitative, traditional models, 284 oviposition and, 179 Gustatory receptors, variability in response, 323 performance, measures of, 175 as product of consumption and conversion efficiency. Habitat preference behavior, see also Habitat selection 176 Drosophila mojavensis, 153-162 Leafminer, 185-196 ecology of species and, 153 feeding behavior, 189-191 ,genetic polymorphism for, 153 larvae, 189 Habitat selection, 33 oviposition preference, 191-193 Drosophila mojavensis, 153-162 Leafrollers Habituation, 322 pheromone, 305 induction and, 323 reproductive isolation, 264-265 He/iothis l/irescens. cannibalism. 56 sex pheromone Host choice behavior, see also Host preference biosynthesis, 264 energy requirements and, 173 genetic control, 264-265 growth performance and, 175 identification, 264 host suitability and, 174, 182 Leafworm moth, pheromone, 307 plant nutritional suitability and, 173 Learning, 322-324 Host plant utilization, 188 categories of experience, 322 Host preference habituation and, 322 assortative mating, 186 induction and, 322 Bruchid beetle, 297 "Learning gene," 242 evolution, 300 Lepidoptera, 320 genetic basis, 186, 299 Locomotor activity, circadian rhythm and, 217, 238 genetic control, 298 Longevity, effect of light and temperature cycles on, genetic variation in, 300 219 334 SUbject Index

Male lipids. behavior and. 227 Operant conditioning. 322 Maternal defense behavior Oviposition lace bug. 135-143 Bruchid beetle. 145. 146 predatory density and. 138 chemical induction. 232 Mating behavior chemical preference assay. 178 analysis. 80-83 choice tests. 165 bottlenecks in. genetic variance and. 80. 84 genes for. 160 Bruchid beetle. 149 preference butterflies. 64 effect of larval experience on. 191 crickets. 2 genetic basis. 180 damselfly. 115 genetic differences in. 163-171 Drosophila. 2. 3 larval foraging behavior and. 208-209 Drosophila simalallS as ideal specimen for study of. 85 larval growth and, 179 EST -6 and. 230-231 larval performance and. 167 fitness and. 89 leafminer. 191-193 frequency. tests for. 81-82 responses. genetic variations in. 160-161 male vs female. 86 substrate acceptances as threshold trait. 158 milkweed beetles. 109-117 whole plant preference test, 178 non-copulatory encounters in. effect on fecundity. 151 Oviposition behavior. see a/so Oviposition. preference pheromones and. 3 I 2 congenital preference in. 161 rejection of courtship. 100 Drosophila mojavellSis, 161 site. 93 phases. 146 speed of, genetic basis, 64 quantitation. 153 tests, 83 Mating chamber, 101 Pest I'S nonpest population. genetic variations. 176 Mating test, 83 Pheromone Maxillary gustatory receptors, 320 channel partitioning, timing of sexual behavior and, Milkweek beetles 311 mating behavior, 109-117 communication channel male fighting behavior. III exploitation by parasites and predators. 312 site, 110 as a mechanism for reproductive isolation, 313 success. 112-115 partitioning, 31 I Moth, pheromone, 304 courtship. 312 Mutation(s) defined. 303 conditioning. 240 dispersion. sexual behavior and. 311 genetic control of behavior and. 4 moth. 304 natural selection and. 285 production for physiological adaptation. 297 genetic coupling with behavior. 310 taste receptors. host preference and, 299 genetics of. 310 responders to. sexual selection and, 311-312 Natural selection scorpionflies. 312 artificial selection and. 291 strains, 308-317 as barrier to gene exchange, 100 identification, 309 models, 284 Phormia mutations and. 285 associative learning, 323 pleiotropy and, 286 feeding behavior. 320 presumed function, 247 Phosphoglucomutase, 40 reproductive isolation and. 101 Phosphoglucose isomerase, 40 vs sexual selection, 110 Pleiotropy theories. 284 directional selection and, 285 natural selection and. 286 Olfactory receptors, 320 Polyproteins. 256-258 Oncopeltus fasciaeas organization, exocytosis and. 257 breeding, 7 structure. 256 life history genetics Potato beetle, 320 methods of analysis. 8 Precopulatory reproductive isolation. mechanisms, 2 population crosses in study of, 13-15 Predatory behavior. 311 selection for wing length in study of. 10-12 Pre-imaginal conditioning, 322, 323 sibling analysis, 9 Prey abundance, 40 variations in populations. 8 Pupation-site preference. 21 Subject Index 335

Receptors Spero:iation (continued) epipharyngeaL 320 models. 3. 86 gustatory. 323 sympatric models. 298 maxillary gustatory. 320 Spiders role in feeding behavior. 321 aggres~'dve behavior. 44 taste. mutations of. 299 behavior. evidence for genetic control. 50 Reproductive isolation. 75. 80. see also Sexual isolation: colony web. 45 Speciation gene ~tructure. 51 chromosome number and. 85 genetic differences in tolerance. 49 defined. 303 group. as a foraging flock. 44 eastern tiger swallowtail butterflies. 119 group ~ize. 45 genetic drift and. 85 social mechanisms. 303. 306 cooperative prey capture behavior. 44 natural selection and. 101 web building. 45 pheromone communication and. 313 sociality sexual selection and. 85 evolutionary origins, 44 prey availability and. 45 Scorpiontlies. 312 temperature and. 46 Selection-mutation balance. models. 285 spacing patterns in captivity. 49 Senses. sexual selection and the. 93 territorial behavior. 38 Sexual behavior. see a/so Mating behavior: Sexual Spider mites. adaptation to unsuitable ho,t. 297 selection Sponges. sociality. 43 female receptivity. genetic basis. 76 male ,'s female mating propensity. 86 Taste receptors. 299 pheromone dispersion and. 311 Teleogryllus. 64 predation and. 311 Territorial behavior. 33. 34. 3~ remating, timing of. 224. 226 prey abundance and. 40 wolf spider. 63-77 Tetracycline. 105 Sexual i~olation. see a/so Reproductive isolation Thoracic ner\'()u~ sy~teill. 218 age and. 101 Tiger swallowtail hutterfly. see Eastern tiger swallowtail Drosophila paulistoram. 98 butterfly genetic basis. 98 Tobacco budworm a~ an intrinsic i~olation mechanism. 97 larval growth rate~. genetic variation in. 167 inversion-associated genes and. 85 oviposition behavior. 163-171 Sexual selection Tu"ock moth. hybrids. 312 body size and. 93 chromosomal distribution and. 98 cis-Vaceenyl alcohol. behavioral effects. 227 courtship propensity and. 94 Vagility. 19 Drosophila. 89-95 alteration in. 20 Drosophila pau/istorwn. 9X defined. 19 fertility and. 90. 93 fitne" and. 29 intrasexual. 145 gene sequence and, 30 mechanisms, heterogeneity of. 93 scores, 25 ,'s natural selection. I 10 test system. 23 pheromone response and. 311-312 Vertebrates. social groups. 43 senses and. 93 virginity and. 89 Wallace effect. computer model. ~5 Silkworms Whole plant oviposition preference test. 178. 17'1 host preference. 299 Wing patterns. alteration in. 126 mutant with altered feeding behavior. 322 Wolf spide" Social groups. vs colonies. 43 hybrids between species Song rhythm genetic model for inheritance. 70 genetic control, 238 offspring from. 69 species-specificity. 238 sexual behavior of. 68 Speciation. see also Reproductive isolation sexual behavior. 63-77 factor~ involved in. 263 chemoexploration in. 66 genetic drift and. 85 double tapping and. 71 genetic model. 3 jerky tapping and. 71 geographic separation and. 4 location of gene~ that control. 74 initiation of. 298 variation among species. 63 by isolation of population. 298 variation among specie~. 63, 74