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Morphology and Adaptation of Immature Stages of Hemipteran Insects
© 2019 JETIR January 2019, Volume 6, Issue 1 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) Morphology and Adaptation of Immature Stages of Hemipteran Insects Devina Seram and Yendrembam K Devi Assistant Professor, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab Introduction Insect Adaptations An adaptation is an environmental change so an insect can better fit in and have a better chance of living. Insects are modified in many ways according to their environment. Insects can have adapted legs, mouthparts, body shapes, etc. which makes them easier to survive in the environment that they live in and these adaptations also help them get away from predators and other natural enemies. Here are some adaptations in the immature stages of important families of Hemiptera. Hemiptera are hemimetabolous exopterygotes with only egg and nymphal immature stages and are divided into two sub-orders, homoptera and heteroptera. The immature stages of homopteran families include Delphacidae, Fulgoridae, Cercopidae, Cicadidae, Membracidae, Cicadellidae, Psyllidae, Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Phylloxeridae, Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Diaspididae and heteropteran families Notonectidae, Corixidae, Belastomatidae, Nepidae, Hydrometridae, Gerridae, Veliidae, Cimicidae, Reduviidae, Pentatomidae, Lygaeidae, Coreidae, Tingitidae, Miridae will be discussed. Homopteran families 1. Delphacidae – Eg. plant hoppers They comprise the largest family of plant hoppers and are characterized by the presence of large, flattened spurs at the apex of their hind tibiae. Eggs are deposited inside plant tissues, elliptical in shape, colourless to whitish. Nymphs are similar in appearance to adults except for size, colour, under- developed wing pads and genitalia. 2. Fulgoridae – Eg. lantern bugs They can be recognized with their antennae inserted on the sides & beneath the eyes. -
Persistence of the Exotic Mirid Nesidiocoris Tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae) in South Texas
insects Article Persistence of the Exotic Mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae) in South Texas Gabriela Esparza-Diaz 1,*, Thiago Marconi 1 , Carlos A. Avila 1,2 and Raul T. Villanueva 3,* 1 Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 2415 East Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA; [email protected] (T.M.); [email protected] (C.A.A.) 2 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA 3 University of Kentucky Research & Education Center, Department of Entomology, 348 University Drive, Princeton, KY 42445, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.E.-D.); [email protected] (R.T.V.); Tel.: +1-(956)-9987281 (G.E.-D.); +1-(270)-365-7541-x21335 (R.T.V.) Simple Summary: The Rio Grande Valley is one of the most productive agricultural areas in the U.S, located in the southernmost part of Texas. In October 2013, we detected an exotic species of plant bug occurring in this region. It was identified as Nesidiocoris tenuis, which had a phytophagous behavior on tomato plants in the absence of its preferred prey. We confirmed the species with morphological and genetic tests. We monitored populations of N. tenuis in its introduction phase in commercial fields and corroborated its establishment in research fields for three consecutive years. The presence of N. tenuis could establish a new relationship of trophic insects to produce vegetables in the Rio Grande Valley. However, it is unknown whether the presence of N. tenuis in the Rio Grande Valley can help control pests of economic importance, such as whiteflies in cotton, or become a pest on sesame, which is an emerging crop in this region. -
Insetos Do Brasil
COSTA LIMA INSETOS DO BRASIL 2.º TOMO HEMÍPTEROS ESCOLA NACIONAL DE AGRONOMIA SÉRIE DIDÁTICA N.º 3 - 1940 INSETOS DO BRASIL 2.º TOMO HEMÍPTEROS A. DA COSTA LIMA Professor Catedrático de Entomologia Agrícola da Escola Nacional de Agronomia Ex-Chefe de Laboratório do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz INSETOS DO BRASIL 2.º TOMO CAPÍTULO XXII HEMÍPTEROS ESCOLA NACIONAL DE AGRONOMIA SÉRIE DIDÁTICA N.º 3 - 1940 CONTEUDO CAPÍTULO XXII PÁGINA Ordem HEMÍPTERA ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Superfamília SCUTELLEROIDEA ............................................................................................................ 42 Superfamília COREOIDEA ............................................................................................................................... 79 Super família LYGAEOIDEA ................................................................................................................................. 97 Superfamília THAUMASTOTHERIOIDEA ............................................................................................... 124 Superfamília ARADOIDEA ................................................................................................................................... 125 Superfamília TINGITOIDEA .................................................................................................................................... 132 Superfamília REDUVIOIDEA ........................................................................................................................... -
Zootaxa,Phylogeny and Higher Classification of the Scale Insects
Zootaxa 1668: 413–425 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)* P.J. GULLAN1 AND L.G. COOK2 1Department of Entomology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. Email: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Abstract . .413 Introduction . .413 A review of archaeococcoid classification and relationships . 416 A review of neococcoid classification and relationships . .420 Future directions . .421 Acknowledgements . .422 References . .422 Abstract The superfamily Coccoidea contains nearly 8000 species of plant-feeding hemipterans comprising up to 32 families divided traditionally into two informal groups, the archaeococcoids and the neococcoids. The neococcoids form a mono- phyletic group supported by both morphological and genetic data. In contrast, the monophyly of the archaeococcoids is uncertain and the higher level ranks within it have been controversial, particularly since the late Professor Jan Koteja introduced his multi-family classification for scale insects in 1974. Recent phylogenetic studies using molecular and morphological data support the recognition of up to 15 extant families of archaeococcoids, including 11 families for the former Margarodidae sensu lato, vindicating Koteja’s views. Archaeococcoids are represented better in the fossil record than neococcoids, and have an adequate record through the Tertiary and Cretaceous but almost no putative coccoid fos- sils are known from earlier. -
AUGUST 2013 Number of Harmful Organism Interceptions: 201 (Number of Interceptions for Other Reasons: 229)
Interceptions of harmful organisms in EUROPHYT- European Union commodities imported into the EU or Switzerland Notification System For Plant Health Interceptions Notified during the month of: AUGUST 2013 Number of harmful organism interceptions: 201 (Number of interceptions for other reasons: 229) Plants or produce No. of Country of Commodity Plant Species Harmful Organism Interceptio Export ns OTHER LIVING PLANTS : ARGENTINA CITRUS LIMON GUIGNARDIA CITRICARPA 2 FRUIT & VEGETABLES ARGENTINA Sum: 2 MANGIFERA INDICA BACTROCERA DORSALIS 1 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : BANGLADESH FRUIT & VEGETABLES PSIDIUM GUAJAVA BACTROCERA SP. 1 BANGLADESH Sum: 2 OCIMUM BASILICUM LIRIOMYZA SP. 1 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : CAMBODIA FRUIT & VEGETABLES SOLANUM MELONGENA LEUCINODES ORBONALIS 1 CAMBODIA Sum: 2 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : CAMEROON MANGIFERA INDICA BACTROCERA INVADENS 1 FRUIT & VEGETABLES CAMEROON Sum: 1 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : COTE D'IVOIRE MANGIFERA INDICA TEPHRITIDAE (NON-EUROPEAN) 1 FRUIT & VEGETABLES No. of Country of Commodity Plant Species Harmful Organism Interceptio Export ns COTE D'IVOIRE Sum: 1 ANASTREPHA OBLIQUA 1 MANGIFERA INDICA ANASTREPHA SP. 3 TEPHRITIDAE (NON-EUROPEAN) 4 DOMINICAN OTHER LIVING PLANTS : MOMORDICA SP. THRIPIDAE 5 REPUBLIC FRUIT & VEGETABLES MURRAYA KOENIGII DIAPHORINA CITRI 1 DIAPHORINA CITRI 1 MURRAYA SP. SOLANUM MELONGENA THRIPS PALMI 1 DOMINICAN Sum: 16 REPUBLIC TRACHELIUM CAERULEUM LIRIOMYZA HUIDOBRENSIS 1 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : CUT FLOWERS AND BRANCHES LIRIOMYZA HUIDOBRENSIS 2 ECUADOR WITH FOLIAGE TRACHELIUM SP. LIRIOMYZA SP. 1 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : LIRIOMYZA SP. 1 FRUIT & VEGETABLES DENDRANTHEMA SP. ECUADOR Sum: 5 No. of Country of Commodity Plant Species Harmful Organism Interceptio Export ns BEMISIA TABACI 1 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : EGYPT CORCHORUS SP. FRUIT & VEGETABLES LIRIOMYZA SATIVAE 1 EGYPT Sum: 2 LUFFA ACUTANGULA THRIPIDAE 6 OTHER LIVING PLANTS : GHANA FRUIT & VEGETABLES SOLANUM MELONGENA THRIPIDAE 3 GHANA Sum: 9 AMARANTHUS SP. -
WO 2017/023486 Al 9 February 2017 (09.02.2017) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/023486 Al 9 February 2017 (09.02.2017) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: 0552 (US). FENGLER, Kevin; 7250 NW 62nd Ave, P.O. AOlH l/00 (2006.01) C07K 14/195 (2006.01) Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). SCHEPERS, A01H3/00 (2006.01) C12N 15/82 (2006.01) Eric; 7250 NW 62nd Ave, P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). UDRANSZKY, Ingrid; 7250 NW 62nd (21) International Application Number: Ave, P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). PCT/US20 16/04 1452 (74) Agent: BAUER, S., Christopher; Pioneer Hi-Bred Inter (22) International Filing Date: national, Inc., 7100 N.W. 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 8 July 2016 (08.07.2016) 5013 1-1014 (US). (25) Filing Language: English (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (30) Priority Data: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, 62/201,977 6 August 2015 (06.08.2015) US DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (71) Applicants: PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, INC. [US/US]; PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, INC., 7100 N.W. -
The Genus Orthezia Bosc (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae) in Turkey, with 2 New Records
Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2015) 39: 160-167 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1403-9 The genus Orthezia Bosc (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae) in Turkey, with 2 new records 1,2, 2 2 Mehmet Bora KAYDAN *, Zsuzsanna Konczné BENEDICTY , Éva SZITA 1 İmamoğlu Vocational School, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey 2 Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Received: 06.03.2014 Accepted: 26.05.2014 Published Online: 02.01.2015 Printed: 30.01.2015 Abstract: This study aimed to identify the ground ensign scale insects in 5 provinces (Ağrı, Bitlis, Hakkari, Iğdır, and Van) in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. In order to achieve this goal, Ortheziidae species were collected from natural and cultivated plants in the 5 provinces listed above between 2005 and 2008. A total of 3 species were found, among them 2 species (Orthezia maroccana Kozár & Konczné Benedicty and Orthezia yashushii Kuwana) that are new records for the Turkish scale insect fauna. Key words: Coccoidea, Ortheziidae, scale insects, fauna, Turkey 1. Introduction that became adapted to living in the soil developed fossorial- The scale insects, Coccoidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha), type legs adapted for digging (1 claw, 1 segmented tarsus, are small, sap-sucking true bugs, sister species to functional tibiotarsal articulation); the females lost their Aphidoidea, Aleyrodoidea, and Psylloidea (Gullan and wings and became paedomorphic, while the males became Martin, 2009). According to Koteja (1974) and Gullan dipterous and polymorphic without functional mouthparts and Cook (2007), the superfamily Coccoidea is divided and with a different life cycle (with prepupal and pupal into 2 major informal groups, namely archaeococcoids stages) (Koteja, 1985). -
Interactions Between Citrus Psylla, Trioza Erytreae (Hem
ENTOMOPHAGA37 (4), 1992, 599-608 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CITRUS PSYLLA, TRIOZA ERYTREAE (HEM. TRIOZIDAE), AND SPIDERS IN AN UNSPRA YED CITRUS ORCHARD IN THE TRANSVAAL LOWVELD M. A.VAN DEN BERG, C), ANSm S. DIPPENAAR-SHOEMAN e), VALERIE E. DEACON C) & SUSAN H. ANDERSON C) C) Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute, Private Bag X 11208, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa ~) Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X 134, Pretoria 0001, South Africa During a two year survey, a total of 3,054 spiders represented by 21 families were sampled in an unsprayed citrus orchard in the Transvaal Lowveld. Numeri- cally the Salticidae was the dominant family (34.4 %) followed by the Theridiidae (21.9 %), Thomisidae (11.9 %), Araneidae (7.9 %), Clubionidae (7.0 %) and the Tetragnathidae (3.7 %). Eighteen species of spiders were observed to prey on citrus psylla, Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), while six species trap nymphs and adults under their retreats and webs. There were significant positive correlations between the weekly psylla populations and the weekly populations of web-building spiders and wandering spiders present one to four weeks later but no significant correlation between the weekly spider popula- tions and the weekly psylla populations present one to five weeks later. This seems to indicate that while spiders are unable to keep citrus psylla populations at acceptable low levels, they may contribute in reducing their numbers. KEY-WORDS: Araneae, citrus psylla, spiders, Trioza erytreae. Many of the pests and potential pests that occur on citrus in South Africa are under effective biological control (Bedford, 1978). However, the natural enemies of a few others, like the citrus psylla, are unable to keep these pests below the economical threshold. -
Diverse New Scale Insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) in Amber
AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Number 3823, 80 pp. January 16, 2015 Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea ISABELLE M. VEA1'2 AND DAVID A. GRIMALDI2 ABSTRACT Coccoids are abundant and diverse in most amber deposits around the world, but largely as macropterous males. Based on a study of male coccoids in Lebanese amber (Early Cretaceous), Burmese amber (Albian-Cenomanian), Cambay amber from western India (Early Eocene), and Baltic amber (mid-Eocene), 16 new species, 11 new genera, and three new families are added to the coccoid fossil record: Apticoccidae, n. fam., based on Apticoccus Koteja and Azar, and includ¬ ing two new species A.fortis, n. sp., and A. longitenuis, n. sp.; the monotypic family Hodgsonicoc- cidae, n. fam., including Hodgsonicoccus patefactus, n. gen., n. sp.; Kozariidae, n. fam., including Kozarius achronus, n. gen., n. sp., and K. perpetuus, n. sp.; the first occurrence of a Coccidae in Burmese amber, Rosahendersonia prisca, n. gen., n. sp.; the first fossil record of a Margarodidae sensu stricto, Heteromargarodes hukamsinghi, n. sp.; a peculiar Diaspididae in Indian amber, Nor- markicoccus cambayae, n. gen., n. sp.; a Pityococcidae from Baltic amber, Pityococcus monilifor- malis, n. sp., two Pseudococcidae in Lebanese and Burmese ambers, Williamsicoccus megalops, n. gen., n. sp., and Gilderius eukrinops, n. gen., n. sp.; an Early Cretaceous Weitschatidae, Pseudo- weitschatus audebertis, n. gen., n. sp.; four genera considered incertae sedis, Alacrena peculiaris, n. gen., n. sp., Magnilens glaesaria, n. gen., n. sp., and Pedicellicoccus marginatus, n. gen., n. sp., and Xiphos vani, n. -
Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and Evolutionary Correlates of Novel Secondary Sexual Structures
Zootaxa 3729 (1): 001–062 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3729.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CA0C1355-FF3E-4C67-8F48-544B2166AF2A ZOOTAXA 3729 Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures JASON J. DOMBROSKIE1,2,3 & FELIX A. H. SPERLING2 1Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY, USA, 14853-2601. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, T6G 2E9 3Corresponding author Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by J. Brown: 2 Sept. 2013; published: 25 Oct. 2013 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 JASON J. DOMBROSKIE & FELIX A. H. SPERLING Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures (Zootaxa 3729) 62 pp.; 30 cm. 25 Oct. 2013 ISBN 978-1-77557-288-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-289-3 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2013 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2013 Magnolia Press 2 · Zootaxa 3729 (1) © 2013 Magnolia Press DOMBROSKIE & SPERLING Table of contents Abstract . 3 Material and methods . 6 Results . 18 Discussion . 23 Conclusions . 33 Acknowledgements . 33 Literature cited . 34 APPENDIX 1. 38 APPENDIX 2. 44 Additional References for Appendices 1 & 2 . 49 APPENDIX 3. 51 APPENDIX 4. 52 APPENDIX 5. -
U.S. EPA, Pesticide Product Label, JAVELIN WG, 03/25/2008
. '. .3 - d-S-J-oog- . UNITED S(=~ES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AG('~CY Christine A. Dively MAR 25 2008 Director of Regulatory Affairs Certis USA 9145 Guilford Road, Suite 175 Columbia, MD 21046 Dear Ms. Dively: Subject: Javelin WG (EPA Reg. No. 70051-66) Label submitted for Bt reregistration !' . As part of the reregistration ofBt microbial pesticides, the Agency has issued a stamped approved label for each reregistered product. Part of the labeling that was required for reregistrationwas an Environmental Hazards statement containing language to protect endangered or threatened Lepidoptera. After finalizing reregistration of the subject product, the Agency was made aware that registrants were given an erroneous version of the Environmental Hazard statement to include on product labels. .The correct statement should read as follows: "This product must not be applied aerially within 1/4 mile of any habitats of endangered or threatened Lepidoptera. No manual application can be made within 300 feet of any threatened or endangered Lepidoptera." . In light of this error, EPA has re-stamped the label forthe subject product with the corrected Environmental Hazards text. A copy of the label is enclosed for yoUr records. If you have any questions, please contact Alan Reynolds of my staff at (703) 605-0515 (e-mail: [email protected]). Sincerely, Sheryl Reilly, Ph.D., Branch Chief Microbial Pesticides Branch (7511P) Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division Enclosure CONCURRENCES' SYMBOL .. '/ S"lj () '. SURNAME ~ ··4····· ·lJ..~·: ..................................... -
Primeiros Registros Dos Ácaros Amblyseiella Setosa Muma (Phytoseiidae) E Tuckerellacomunicação Pavoniformis (Ewing) (Tuckerellidae) CIENTÍFICA No Brasil
Primeiros registros dos ácaros Amblyseiella setosa Muma (Phytoseiidae) e TuckerellaCOMUNICAÇÃO pavoniformis (Ewing) (Tuckerellidae) CIENTÍFICA no Brasil. 395 PRIMEIROS REGISTROS DOS ÁCAROS AMBLYSEIELLA SETOSA MUMA (PHYTOSEIIDAE) E TUCKERELLA PAVONIFORMIS (EWING) (TUCKERELLIDAE) NO BRASIL J.L. de C. Mineiro1, A.C. Lofego2, A. Raga1, G.J. de Moraes3 1Instituto Biológico, Centro Experimental Central do Instituto Biológico, CP 70, CEP 13001-970, Campinas, SP, Brasil. E.mail: [email protected] RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo relatar pela primeira vez a ocorrência dos ácaros Amblyseiella setosa Muma (Phytoseiidae) e Tuckerella pavoniformis (Ewing) (Tuckerellidae) no Brasil. Os ácaros foram coletados em folhas de lichieira, oriundos dos Municípios de Atibaia e Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acari, ácaro predador, ácaro fitófago, ocorrência, Litchi chinensis. ABSTRACT FIRST REPORT OF MITES AMBLYSEIELLA SETOSA MUMA (PHYTOSEIIDAE) AND TUCKERELLA PAVONIFORMIS (EWING) (TUCKERELLIDAE) IN BRAZIL. The article reports for the first time the occurrence of mites Amblyseiella setosa Muma (Phytoseiidae) and Tuckerella pavoniformis (Ewing) (Tuckerellidae) in Brazil. The specimens were collected in litchi leaves from Atibaia and Campinas, the counties of state of São Paulo, Brazil. KEY WORDS: Acari, predaceous mite, phytophagous mite,occurrence, Litchi chinensis. Os ácaros plantícolas de maior importância norte (Geórgia, Grécia, Israel, Espanha e Estados pertencem às subordens Prostigmata e Mesostigmata. Unidos da América) (MORAES et al., 2004). Este é o Dentre os Prostigmata plantícolas destacam-se as primeiro relato desta espécie para o Brasil. Pratica- famílias Tetranychidae, Tarsonemidae, Tenuipalpidae mente não se conhece nada sobre seus hábitos alimen- e Eriophyidae, que contém diversas espécies que cau- tares, biologia, ecologia e sua importância econômica.