DOCSLIB.ORG

The South and South East Asian Ivory Markets. (2002)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The South and South East Asian Ivory Markets. (2002) © Esmond Martin and Daniel Stiles, March 2002 All rights reserved ISBN No. 9966-9683-2-6 Front cover photograph: These three antique ivory figurines of a reclining Buddha (about 50 cm long) with two praying monks were for sale in Bangkok for USD 34,000 in March 2001. Photo credit: Chryssee Martin Published by Save the Elephants, PO Box 54667, Nairobi, Kenya and 7 New Square, Lincoln’s Inn, London WC2A 3RA, United Kingdom. Printed by Majestic Printing Works Ltd., PO Box 42466, Nairobi, Kenya. Acknowledgements Esmond Martin and Daniel Stiles would like to thank Save the Elephants for their support of this project. They are also grateful to Damian Aspinall, Friends of Howletts and Port Lympne, The Phipps Foundation and one nonymous donor for their financial contributions without which the field-work in Asia would not have been possible. Seven referees — lain Douglas-Hamilton, Holly Dublin, Richard Lair, Charles McDougal, Tom Milliken, Chris Thouless and Hunter Weiler — read all or parts of the manuscript and made valuable corrections and contributions. Their time and effort working on the manuscript are very much appreciated. Thanks are also due to Gabby de Souza who produced the maps, and Andrew Kamiti for the excellent drawings. Chryssee Martin assisted with the field-work in Thailand and also with the report which was most helpful. Special gratitude is conveyed to Lucy Vigne for helping to prepare and compile the report and for all her help from the beginning of the project to the end. The South and South East Asian Ivory Markets Esmond Martin and Daniel Stiles Drawings by Andrew Kamiti Published by Save the Elephants PO Box 54667 c/o Ambrose Appelbe Nairobi 7 New Square, Lincoln’s Inn Kenya London WC2A 3RA 2002 ISBN 9966-9683-2-6 1 Contents List of Tables..................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Methodology .................................................................................................................................... 9 Results of the countries surveyed in late 2000 and early 2001 ................................................ 11 Nepal .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Sri Lanka .................................................................................................................................... 20 Myanmar ................................................................................................................................... 29 Thailand ..................................................................................................................................... 36 Cambodia................................................................................................................................... 46 Laos............................................................................................................................................. 58 Vietnam ...................................................................................................................................... 62 Singapore ................................................................................................................................... 69 Status of the ivory trade in South and South East Asia ........................................................... 75 Trends in the ivory trade in South and South East Asia .......................................................... 78 Discussion ......................................................................................................................................... 81 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................... 88 References ......................................................................................................................................... 89 Acknowledgements 2 List of tables Results of the countries surveyed in late 2000 and early 2001 Nepal Table 1 Cases of wildlife offences filed at the District Forest Office, Kathmandu for 1997/8-1999/ 2000. Table 2 Prices per kg for high quality raw ivory in the Kathmandu area for various years. Table 3 Prices per kg for poor quality (broken or damaged) raw ivory in the Kathmandu area for various years. Table 4 Country of origin for ivory items for retail sale in Kathmandu in early 2001. Table 5 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Kathmandu in 1998 and 2001. Table 6 Types of ivory items seen for retail sale in Kathmandu in early 2001. Table 7 Retail prices for ivory items in Kathmandu in February 2001. Sri Lanka Table 8 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Sri Lanka in November 2000. Table 9 Retail prices for ivory items in Sri Lanka in November 2000. Myanmar Table 10 Prices per kg in USD for raw ivory in Myanmar for various years. Table 11 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Myanmar in February 2001. Table 12 Retail prices for ivory items in Myanmar in February 2001. Thailand Table 13 Ivory seizures in Thailand, 1994-2000. Table 14 Retail prices for Thai-made ivory items in Bangkok in 1979. Table 15 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Thailand in February/March 2001. Table 16 Retail prices for Thai-made ivory items in Bangkok in February/March 2001. Table 17 Retail prices for Thai-made ivory items in Chiang Mai in March 2001. Table 18 Wholesale prices for Thai-made ivory items in Phayuha Kiri in March 2001. Cambodia Table 19 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Cambodia in March 2001. Table 20 Retail prices for ivory items in Phnom Penh in March 2001. Table 21 Types of ivory items seen for retail sale in Phnom Penh in March 2001. Table 22 Retail prices for ivory items in Siem Reap in March 2001. Table 23 Elephant products for retail sale in the main markets in Phnom Penh in March 2001. Laos Table 24 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Laos in January 2001. Table 25 Retail prices for ivory items in Laos in January 2001. Vietnam Table 26 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Vietnam in January 2001. Table 27 Retail prices for ivory items in Vietnam in January 2001. Table 28 Retail prices for ivory items in US dollars in Vietnam in 1991 compared with 2001. Singapore Table 29 Number of shops and ivory items seen for sale in Singapore in November 2000 and January 2001. Table 30 Retail prices for ivory items in Singapore in November 2000 and January 2001. Table 31 Retail prices for ivory items in Singapore in 1979. 3 Status of the ivory trade in South and South East Asia Table 32 Ivory trade indicators for South and South East Asia in 2000-2001. Table 33 Retail asking prices for ivory items in US dollars in South and South East Asia in 2000- 2001. Trends in the ivory trade in South and South East Asia Table 34 Past and present ivory trade indicators for South and South East Asia. Discussion Table 35 Wild elephant population estimates for South and South East Asia in the late 1980s and 2000. Table 36 Legal status of domestic sales of ivory items in the countries surveyed of South and South East Asia. Elephant tusk after tipping ISBN No.: 9966 – 9683 4 Executive Summary The purpose of this study is to provide base line data on the ivory trade in the main markets of South and South East Asia in order that national governments, CITES officials and NGOs may assess the effectiveness of policies, laws and enforcement activities relating to the internal and international trade in ivory now and in the future. The information obtained by the investigators may also be used to infer what is happening in respect to the illegal killings of elephants in Asia. The two investigators, Esmond Martin and Daniel Stiles, carried out field-work from November 2000 to late March 2001, sponsored by Save the Elephants, in the most important towns and cities in the eight main countries dealing in ivory in South and South East Asia. Historical and contemporary data were collected on the price of raw tusks, number of ivory workshops, number of ivory craftsmen, number of shops selling ivory items, number of ivory items seen in these shops, types of ivory objects for sale, and retail prices for ivory items. Information was also obtained on the number of wild and domesticated elephants, the international and domestic trade routes for tusks, and the nationalities of the buyers of ivory objects. Below are the key findings of our report: •Wild elephant population in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam from 1988 to 2000 have declined by over 80% in total from an estimated 6,250 to 1,510, largely due to the trade in ivory and other elephant products. Myanmar, with the largest wild elephant population left of the countries visited (estimated to be 4,820), has suffered a net loss of over a thousand elephants since 1990. • The main factors responsible for elephant poaching are the large economic return in selling tusks, the lack of paid jobs, poverty, and wide-spread corruption by the military and other government staff in poaching elephants and trading in their tusks. • The largest illegal movement of tusks from wild Asian elephants are those
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ELEPHANT RIDING: the FACTS the Asian Elephant Is a Critically
    ELEPHANT RIDING: THE FACTS (Prepared by Belynda Zolotto) The Asian Elephant is a critically endangered species, facing a very high risk of extinction. For the Thai Asian Elephant, the primary cause of this is habitat loss. The forests and grasslands needed to support a population of elephants have been disseminated by human activity and simply no longer exist. Domesticated elephants are the answer to creating a sustainable future for Thai elephants but providing a supportive environment for elephants in an elephant village or camp/centre requires money. For the Royal Elephant Kraal Village, like other such dedicated, protective centres, tourism is an important source of income. Providing an ethical and humane riding experience for visitors is critical if their programs are to be continued in the long term. Recently claims have been circulating on the internet and media, maintaining that this practice is damaging for the elephants, even cruel. The Royal Elephant Kraal Village (the Kraal) strongly disputes this assertion and this article sets out some of the facts, and the maths, to demonstrate that elephants are well able to easily carry the weight of humans on their backs. The Kraal has gone to great lengths to ensure that the elephants in its care are well-treated, that their participation in the riding program is beneficial and that the equipment used for rides is well designed and comfortable for the elephant. The emotive claims against the practice liken the experience of carrying people on the elephant’s back to a human carrying a 50 pound backpack for nine hours a day and purport that it will lead to permanent spinal injuries.1 Instead of making exaggerated comparisons between the human experience and that of animals in order to appeal to people’s emotions, always a risky exercise, let’s look at the facts.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 State of Ivory Demand in China
    2012–2014 ABOUT WILDAID WildAid’s mission is to end the illegal wildlife trade in our lifetimes by reducing demand through public awareness campaigns and providing comprehensive marine protection. The illegal wildlife trade is estimated to be worth over $10 billion (USD) per year and has drastically reduced many wildlife populations around the world. Just like the drug trade, law and enforcement efforts have not been able to resolve the problem. Every year, hundreds of millions of dollars are spent protecting animals in the wild, yet virtually nothing is spent on stemming the demand for wildlife parts and products. WildAid is the only organization focused on reducing the demand for these products, with the strong and simple message: when the buying stops, the killing can too. Via public service announcements and short form documentary pieces, WildAid partners with Save the Elephants, African Wildlife Foundation, Virgin Unite, and The Yao Ming Foundation to educate consumers and reduce the demand for ivory products worldwide. Through our highly leveraged pro-bono media distribution outlets, our message reaches hundreds of millions of people each year in China alone. www.wildaid.org CONTACT INFORMATION WILDAID 744 Montgomery St #300 San Francisco, CA 94111 Tel: 415.834.3174 Christina Vallianos [email protected] Special thanks to the following supporters & partners PARTNERS who have made this work possible: Beijing Horizonkey Information & Consulting Co., Ltd. Save the Elephants African Wildlife Foundation Virgin Unite Yao Ming Foundation
    [Show full text]
  • Taken for a Ride
    Taken for a ride The conditions for elephants used in tourism in Asia Author Dr Jan Schmidt-Burbach graduated in veterinary medicine in Germany and completed a PhD on diagnosing health issues in Asian elephants. He has worked as a wild animal veterinarian, project manager and wildlife researcher in Asia for more than 10 years. Dr Schmidt-Burbach has published several scientific papers on the exploitation of wild animals as part of the illegal wildlife trade and conducted a 2010 study on wildlife entertainment in Thailand. He speaks at many expert forums about the urgent need to address the suffering of wild animals in captivity. Acknowledgment This report has only been possible with the invaluable help of those who have participated in the fieldwork, given advice and feedback. Thanks particularly to: Dr Jennifer Ford, Lindsay Hartley-Backhouse, Soham Mukherjee, Manoj Gautam, Tim Gorski, Dananjaya Karunaratna, Delphine Ronfot, Julie Middelkoop and Dr Neil D’Cruze. World Animal Protection is grateful for the generous support from TUI Care Foundation and The Intrepid Foundation, which made this report possible. Preface Contents World Animal Protection has been moving the world to protect animals for more than 50 years. Currently working in over Executive summary 6 50 countries and on 6 continents, it is a truly global organisation. Protecting the world’s wildlife from exploitation and cruelty is central to its work. Introduction 8 The Wildlife - not entertainers campaign aims to end the suffering of hundreds of thousands of wild animals used and abused Background information 10 in the tourism entertainment industry. The strength of the campaign is in building a movement to protect wildlife.
    [Show full text]
  • Thai Tourist Industry 'Driving' Elephant Smuggling 2 March 2013, by Amelie Bottollier-Depois
    Thai tourist industry 'driving' elephant smuggling 2 March 2013, by Amelie Bottollier-Depois elephants for the amusement of tourists. Conservation activists accuse the industry of using illicitly-acquired animals to supplement its legal supply, with wild elephants caught in Myanmar and sold across the border into one of around 150 camps. "Even the so-called rescue charities are trying to buy elephants," said John Roberts of the Golden Triangle Asian Elephant Foundation. Domestic elephants in Thailand—where the pachyderm is a national symbol—have been employed en masse in the tourist trade since they An elephant performs for tourists during a show in found themselves unemployed in 1989 when Pattaya, on March 1, 2013. Smuggling the world's logging was banned. largest land animal across an international border sounds like a mammoth undertaking, but activists say Just 2,000 of the animals remain in the wild. that does not stop traffickers supplying Asian elephants to Thai tourist attractions. Prices have exploded with elephants now commanding between 500,000 and two million baht ($17,000 to $67,000) per baby, estimates suggest. Smuggling the world's largest land animal across an international border sounds like a mammoth undertaking, but activists say that does not stop traffickers supplying Asian elephants to Thai tourist attractions. Unlike their heavily-poached African cousins—whose plight is set to dominate Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) talks in Bangkok next week—Asian elephants do not often make the headlines. But the species is also under threat, as networks operate a rapacious trade in wild elephants to meet the demands of Thailand's tourist industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Mighty War Elephants the Toy Soldier Museum’S James H
    FEATURE Mighty War Elephants The Toy Soldier Museum’s James H. Hillestad traces the history of ponderous and powerful pachyderms in warfare while providing a peek at some awe-inspiring AeroArt portrayals of the mammoth beasts in miniature Text: James H. Hillestad Photos: Tor Johnson and James H. Hillestad t is believed that the first military probably among the first confrontations savannah cousins, about the size of the application of elephants dates from Europeans ever had with war elephants. Asian elephant. The African savannah I around 1100 B.C. in India. As weapons of warfare, elephants elephant proved to be too difficult to From Asia, the use of war elephants were used mainly in charges. A charging tame for military purposes, so it was migrated to the Persian Empire, elephant was formidable in combat, never widely used. where they were used in a number reaching speeds of up to 20 mph and, War elephants were exclusively of campaigns. The Persians’ Battle of unlike horse cavalry, not easily stopped male. Faster and more aggressive than Gaugamela (331 B.C.), fought against by an infantry line equipped with spears. females, they were also taller, heavier Greece’s Alexander the Great, was The elephant’s power was based on and stronger -- and most importantly, pure brute force. It would crash into an the long tusks of the males were enemy line, trampling men with feet 19 decisive in battle. Further, it was found inches in diameter and swinging mighty that female elephants do not have the tusks up to 10 feet long. Cavalry was not temperament for fighting and so they safe either because horses, unaccustomed were rarely used in battle.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ivory King "
    NY PUBLIC LIBRARY THE BRANCH LIBRARIES 3 3333 08575 3305 u THE CENTRAL CHILDREN* S ROOM DON : CENTER 20 WES :et , NEW YORK, N.Y. 10019 THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ASTOR, LF.NOX *"0 TILDt-N FoLKJD-.TIO.iS. C L. M 1|B| ». - A tiger's attack. By permission Illus. rated London News- Frontispiece. MARVELS OF ANIMAL LIFE SERIES. THE IVORY KING " A POPULAR HISTORY OF THE ELEPHANT AND ITS ALLIES BY CHARLES FREDERICK HOLDER ' FELLOW OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, ETC. ; AUTHOR OF "ELEMENTS OF ZOOLOGY," " MARVELS OF ANIMAL LIFE," ETC. ILLUSTRATED: NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1902 TH-E NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY > . f>fiff A8TOB, LFNOX AWO THlOEN n-M i rtc» ! S. C ». Copyright, 1886, 1888, by CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS. Press op Berwick & Smith, Boston, U.S.A. C5^ X TO MY MOTHER STfjts Folume IS AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED- /> PREFACE. rTIHE elephant is the true king of beasts, the largest and most -*- powerful of existing land animals, and to young and old a never ceasing source of wonder and interest. In former geological ages, it roamed the continental areas of every zone ; was found in nearly every section of North America, from the shores of the Arctic Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico, and from New England to California. Where the hum of great cities is now heard, in by- gone days the trumpeting of the mastodon and elephant, and the cries of other strange animals, broke the stillness of the vast primeval forest. But they have all passed away, their extirpation undoubtedly hastened by the early man, the abori- ginal hunter ; and the mighty race of elephants, which now remains so isolated, is to-day represented by only two species, the African and the Asiatic, forms which are also doomed.
    [Show full text]
  • “White Elephant” the King's Auspicious Animal
    แนวทางการบริหารการจัดการเรียนรู้ภาษาจีนส าหรับโรงเรียนสองภาษา (ไทย-จีน) สังกัดกรุงเทพมหานคร ประกอบด้วยองค์ประกอบหลักที่ส าคัญ 4 องค์ประกอบ ได้แก่ 1) เป้าหมายและ หลักการ 2) หลักสูตรและสื่อการสอน 3) เทคนิคและวิธีการสอน และ 4) การพัฒนาผู้สอนและผู้เรียน ค าส าคัญ: แนวทาง, การบริหารการจัดการเรียนรู้ภาษาจีน, โรงเรียนสองภาษา (ไทย-จีน) Abstract This study aimed to develop a guidelines on managing Chinese language learning for Bilingual Schools (Thai – Chinese) under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. The study was divided into 2 phases. Phase 1 was to investigate the present state and needs on managing Chinese language learning for Bilingual Schools (Thai – Chinese) under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration from the perspectives of the involved personnel in Bilingual Schools (Thai – Chinese) under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Phase 2 was to create guidelines on managing Chinese language learning for Bilingual Schools (Thai – Chinese) under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration and to verify the accuracy and suitability of the guidelines by interviewing experts on teaching Chinese language and school management. A questionnaire, a semi-structured interview form, and an evaluation form were used as tools for collecting data. Percentage, mean, and Standard Deviation were employed for analyzing quantitative data. Modified Priority Needs Index (PNImodified) and content analysis were used for needs assessment and analyzing qualitative data, respectively. The results of this research found that the actual state of the Chinese language learning management for Bilingual Schools (Thai – Chinese) in all aspects was at a high level ( x =4.00) and the expected state of the Chinese language learning management for Bilingual Schools (Thai – Chinese) in the overall was at the highest level ( x =4.62). The difference between the actual state and the expected state were significant different at .01 level.
    [Show full text]
  • Ivory Markets of Europe 23/11/2005 02:25 PM Page 1
    Ivory Markets of Europe 23/11/2005 02:25 PM Page 1 Ivory Markets of Europe A survey in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK Esmond Martin and Daniel Stiles Drawings by Andrew Kamiti Published by Care for the Wild International Save the Elephants The Granary PO Box 54667, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya Tickfold Farm and Kingsfold c/o Ambrose Appelbe, 7 New Square, West Sussex RH12 3SE Lincoln’s Inn, London, WC2A 3RA UK UK 2005 ISBN 9966 - 9683 - 4 - 2 Ivory Markets of Europe 23/11/2005 02:25 PM Page 2 CONTENTS List of tables 3 Executive summary 5 Introduction 7 Methodology 8 Results 9 Germany 9 United Kingdom 29 France 45 Spain 64 Italy 78 Status of the ivory trade in Europe 90 Trends in the ivory trade in Europe 93 Discussion 96 Conclusions 99 References 102 Acknowledgements inside back cover 2 Ivory Markets of Europe 23/11/2005 02:25 PM Page 3 LIST OF TABLES Germany Table 1 Number of illegal elephant product seizures made in Germany recorded by ETIS, 1989-2003 Table 2 Number of craftsmen working in ivory in Erbach from the 1870s to 2004 Table 3 Number of ivory items seen for retail sale in Germany, September 2004 Table 4 Types of retail outlets selling ivory items in Germany, September 2004 Table 5 Ivory items for retail sale in the largest shop in Michelstadt, September 2004 Table 6 Retail prices for ivory items seen in Michelstadt, September 2004 Table 7 Retail prices for ivory items seen in Erbach, September 2004 Table 8 Number of retail outlets and ivory items in the main antique markets in Berlin, September 2004 Table 9 New (post 1989)
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient DNA Reveals the Chronology of Walrus Ivory Trade from Norse Greenland
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/289165; this version posted March 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Title: Ancient DNA reveals the chronology of walrus ivory trade from Norse Greenland Short title: Tracing the medieval walrus ivory trade Bastiaan Star1*†, James H. Barrett2*†, Agata T. Gondek1, Sanne Boessenkool1* * Corresponding author † These authors contributed equally 1 Centre for Ecological and Evoluionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. 2 McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3ER, United Kingdom. Keywords: High-throughput sequencing | Viking Age | Middle Ages | aDNA | Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/289165; this version posted March 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract The search for walruses as a source of ivory –a popular material for making luxury art objects in medieval Europe– played a key role in the historic Scandinavian expansion throughout the Arctic region. Most notably, the colonization, peak and collapse of the medieval Norse colony of Greenland have all been attributed to the proto-globalization of ivory trade.
    [Show full text]
  • Elephant Bibliography Elephant Editors
    Elephant Volume 2 | Issue 3 Article 17 12-20-1987 Elephant Bibliography Elephant Editors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/elephant Recommended Citation Shoshani, J. (Ed.). (1987). Elephant Bibliography. Elephant, 2(3), 123-143. Doi: 10.22237/elephant/1521732144 This Elephant Bibliography is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Elephant by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@WayneState. Fall 1987 ELEPHANT BIBLIOGRAPHY: 1980 - PRESENT 123 ELEPHANT BIBLIOGRAPHY With the publication of this issue we have on file references for the past 68 years, with a total of 2446 references. Because of the technical problems and lack of time, we are publishing only references for 1980-1987; the rest (1920-1987) will appear at a later date. The references listed below were retrieved from different sources: Recent Literature of Mammalogy (published by the American Society of Mammalogists), Computer Bibliographic Search Services (CCBS, the same used in previous issues), books in our office, EIG questionnaires, publications and other literature crossing the editors' desks. This Bibliography does not include references listed in the Bibliographies of previous issues of Elephant. A total of 217 new references has been added in this issue. Most of the references were compiled on a computer using a special program developed by Gary L. King; the efforts of the King family have been invaluable. The references retrieved from the computer search may have been slightly altered. These alterations may be in the author's own title, hyphenation and word segmentation or translation into English of foreign titles.
    [Show full text]
  • China's Ivory Traders Are Moving Online
    CHINA’S IVORY AN APPROACH TO THE CONFLICT BETWEEN TRADITION AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY Sophia I. R. Kappus S1994921 [email protected] MA Arts & Culture – Design, Culture & Society Universiteit Leiden Supervisor: Prof. Dr.. R. Zwijnenberg Second Reader: Final Version: 07.12.2017 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 3 1. The History of Chinese Ivory Carving ..................................................................................... 7 1.1 A Brief overview............................................................................................................ 7 1.2 The Origins and Characteristics of Ivory .......................................................................... 7 1.3 Ivory Carvings throughout history ................................................................................... 9 1.4 From the Material to the Animal – The Elephant in Chinese Culture ................................ 13 2. Ivory in Present Day China................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Chinese National Pride and Cultural Heritage................................................................. 17 2.2 Consumers and Collectors............................................................................................. 19 2.3 The Artist’s Responsibility............................................................................................ 24
    [Show full text]
  • On the Trail N°26
    The defaunation bulletin Quarterly information and analysis report on animal poaching and smuggling n°26. Events from the 1st July to the 30th September, 2019 Published on April 30, 2020 Original version in French 1 On the Trail n°26. Robin des Bois Carried out by Robin des Bois (Robin Hood) with the support of the Brigitte Bardot Foundation, the Franz Weber Foundation and of the Ministry of Ecological and Solidarity Transition, France reconnue d’utilité publique 28, rue Vineuse - 75116 Paris Tél : 01 45 05 14 60 www.fondationbrigittebardot.fr “On the Trail“, the defaunation magazine, aims to get out of the drip of daily news to draw up every three months an organized and analyzed survey of poaching, smuggling and worldwide market of animal species protected by national laws and international conventions. “ On the Trail “ highlights the new weapons of plunderers, the new modus operandi of smugglers, rumours intended to attract humans consumers of animals and their by-products.“ On the Trail “ gathers and disseminates feedback from institutions, individuals and NGOs that fight against poaching and smuggling. End to end, the “ On the Trail “ are the biological, social, ethnological, police, customs, legal and financial chronicle of poaching and other conflicts between humanity and animality. Previous issues in English http://www.robindesbois.org/en/a-la-trace-bulletin-dinformation-et-danalyses-sur-le-braconnage-et-la-contrebande/ Previous issues in French http://www.robindesbois.org/a-la-trace-bulletin-dinformation-et-danalyses-sur-le-braconnage-et-la-contrebande/
    [Show full text]