The Eye Is a Natural Optical Tool
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Symptoms of Age Related Macular Degeneration
WHAT IS MACULAR DEGENERATION? wavy or crooked, visual distortions, doorway and the choroid are interrupted causing waste or street signs seem bowed, or objects may deposits to form. Lacking proper nutrients, the light- Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is appear smaller or farther away than they sensitive cells of the macula become damaged. a disease that may either suddenly or gradually should, decrease in or loss of central vision, and The damaged cells can no longer send normal destroy the macula’s ability to maintain sharp, a central blurry spot. signals from the macula through the optic nerve to central vision. Interestingly, one’s peripheral or DRY: Progression with dry AMD is typically slower your brain, and consequently your vision becomes side vision remains unaffected. AMD is the leading de-gradation of central vision: need for increasingly blurred cause of “legal blindness” in the United States for bright illumination for reading or near work, diffi culty In either form of AMD, your vision may remain fi ne persons over 65 years of age. AMD is present in adapting to low levels of illumination, worsening blur in one eye up to several years even while the other approximately 10 percent of the population over of printed words, decreased intensity or brightness of eye’s vision has degraded. Most patients don’t the age of 52 and in up to 33 percent of individuals colors, diffi culty recognizing faces, gradual increase realize that one eye’s vision has been severely older than 75. The macula allows alone gives us the in the haziness of overall vision, and a profound drop reduced because your brain compensates the bad ability to have: sharp vision, clear vision, color vision, in your central vision acuity. -
Prescription Companion
PRESCRIPTION COMPANION ©2012Transitions Optical inc. ophthalmic lens technical reference JUBILEE YEAR 2012 E -Edition 7 www.norville.co.uk Introduction and Page Index The Norville Companion is a supporting publication for our Prescription Catalogue, providing further technical details, hints and ideas gleaned from everyday experiences. TOPIC Page(s) TOPIC Page(s) Index 2 - 3 Part II Rx Allsorts Lens Shapes 4 - 6 Lens Forms 49 Effective Diameter Chart 7 Base Curves 50 - 51 Simplify Rx 8 Aspherics 52 - 53 Ophthalmic Resins 9 Free-form Digital Design 54 Indices of Ophthalmic lenses - Resin 10 Compensated Lens Powers 55 - 56 Polycarbonate 11 Intelligent Prism Thinning 57 - 58 Trivex 12 - 13 Superlenti - Glass 59 Resin Photochromic Lenses 14 Superlenti - Resin 60 Transitions Availability Check List 15 V Value / Fresnels 61 Nupolar Polarising Lenses 16 E Style Bifocal / Trifocal 62 Drivewear Lenses 17 - 18 Photochromic / Glazing / Prisms 63 UV Protective Lenses 19 Lens Measures 64 Norville PLS Tints 20 Sports 65 Tinted Resin Lenses 21 3D Technology Overview 66 Mid and High Index Resins Tintability 22 Rx Ordering 67 Norlite Tint Transmission Charts 23 - 25 Order Progress 68 Norlite Speciality Tinted Resins 26 - 31 Rx Order Form 69 Norlite Mirror Coating 32 Queries 70 Reflection Free Coating 33 - 34 Optical Heritage 71 F.A.Q. Reflection Free Coatings 35 - 37 Rx House - Change afoot? 72 - 73 Indices of Ophthalmic Lenses - Glass 38 Remote Edging 74 Glass Photochromic Lenses 38 Remote edging - F.A.Q. 75 Speciality Absorbing Glass 39 Quality Assurance -
Patient Instruction Guide
1‐DAY ACUVUE® MOIST Brand Contact Lenses 1‐DAY ACUVUE® MOIST Brand Contact Lenses for ASTIGMATISM 1‐DAY ACUVUE® MOIST Brand MULTIFOCAL Contact Lenses etafilcon A Soft (hydrophilic) Contact Lenses Visibility Tinted with UV Blocker for Daily Disposable Wear PATIENT INSTRUCTION GUIDE CAUTION: U.S. Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a licensed practitioner. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 SYMBOLS KEY .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 UNDERSTANDING YOUR PRESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 5 GLOSSARY OF COMMONLY USED TERMS ............................................................................................................... 5 WEARING RESTRICTIONS & INDICATIONS ............................................................................................................... 6 WHEN LENSES SHOULD NOT BE WORN (CONTRAINDICATIONS) ............................................................................ 6 WARNINGS ............................................................................................................................................................. -
Intraocular Lenses and Spectacle Correction
MEDICAL POLICY POLICY TITLE INTRAOCULAR LENSES, SPECTACLE CORRECTION AND IRIS PROSTHESIS POLICY NUMBER MP-6.058 Original Issue Date (Created): 6/2/2020 Most Recent Review Date (Revised): 6/9/2020 Effective Date: 2/1/2021 POLICY PRODUCT VARIATIONS DESCRIPTION/BACKGROUND RATIONALE DEFINITIONS BENEFIT VARIATIONS DISCLAIMER CODING INFORMATION REFERENCES POLICY HISTORY I. POLICY Intraocular Lens Implant (IOL) Initial IOL Implant A standard monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implant is medically necessary when the eye’s natural lens is absent including the following: Following cataract extraction Trauma to the eye which has damaged the lens Congenital cataract Congenital aphakia Lens subluxation/displacement A standard monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implant is medically necessary for anisometropia of 3 diopters or greater, and uncorrectable vision with the use of glasses or contact lenses. Premium intraocular lens implants including but not limited to the following are not medically necessary for any indication, including aphakia, because each is intended to reduce the need for reading glasses. Presbyopia correcting IOL (e.g., Array® Model SA40, ReZoom™, AcrySof® ReStor®, TECNIS® Multifocal IOL, Tecnis Symfony and Tecnis SymfonyToric, TRULIGN, Toric IO, Crystalens Aspheric Optic™) Astigmatism correcting IOL (e.g., AcrySof IQ Toric IOL (Alcon) and Tecnis Toric Aspheric IOL) Phakic IOL (e.g., ARTISAN®, STAAR Visian ICL™) Replacement IOLs MEDICAL POLICY POLICY TITLE INTRAOCULAR LENSES, SPECTACLE CORRECTION AND IRIS PROSTHESIS POLICY NUMBER -
Cut-And-Assemble Paper Eye Model
CUT-AND-ASSEMBLE PAPER EYE MODEL Background information: This activity assumes that you have study materials available for your students. However, if you need a quick review of how the eye works, try one of these videos on YouTube. (Just use YouTube’s search feature with these key words.) “Anatomy and Function of the Eye: posted by Raphael Fernandez (2 minutes) “Human Eye” posted by Smart Learning for All (cartoon, 10 minutes) “A Journey Through the Human Eye” posted by Bausch and Lomb (2.5 minutes) “How the Eye Works” posted by AniMed (2.5 minutes) You will need: • copies of the pattern pages printed onto lightweight card stock (vellum bristol is fine, or 65 or 90 pound card stock) • scissors • white glue or good quality glue stick (I always advise against “school glue.”) • clear tape (I use the shiny kind, not the “invisible” kind, as I find the shiny kind more sticky.) • a piece of thin, clear plastic (a transparency [used in copiers] is fine, or a piece of recycled clear packaging as long as it is not too thick-- it should be fairly flimsy and bend very easily) • colored pencils: red for blood vessels and muscle, and brown/blue/green for coloring iris (your choice) (Also, you can use a few other colors for lacrimal gland, optic nerve, if you want to.) • thin permanent marker for a number labels on plastic parts (such as a very thin point Sharpie) Assembly: 1) After copying pattern pages onto card stock, cut out all parts. On the background page that says THE HUMAN EYE, cut away the black rectangles and trim the triangles at the bottom, as shown in picture above. -
Contact Lenses
Buying Contact Lenses Some common Questions and Answers to help you buy your lenses safely Wearing contact lenses offers many benefits. Following some simple precautions when buying lenses can help to make sure that you don’t put the health and comfort of your eyes at risk. The British Contact Lens Association and General Optical Council have put together some common questions and answers to help you buy your lenses safely 2 Images courtesy of College of Optometrists, General Optical Council and Optician How do I find out about wearing contact lenses? ● If you want to wear contact lenses to correct your eyesight, you must start by consulting an eye care practitioner for a fitting. Only registered optometrists, dispensing opticians with a specialist qualification (contact lens opticians) and medical practitioners can fit contact lenses. Fitting includes discussing your visual and lifestyle requirements, an eye examination to make sure your eyes are healthy and find out if you’re suitable, and measurements of your eyes to ensure the best lens type, fit and vision, before trying lenses. Once you have worn the lenses, you should have the health of your eyes checked again. You will also need to learn how to handle and care for your lenses. Your practitioner will advise you when you should wear the lenses and how often you should replace them. When is the fitting completed? ● Your prescribing practitioner will tell you when the fitting is completed. How long the fitting takes will depend on your lens type and your eye health. Don’t forget that, once fitted, you will need to have regular check-ups to make sure your eyes are healthy and to get the best from your contact lenses. -
Scleral Lenses and Eye Health
Scleral Lenses and Eye Health Anatomy and Function of the Human Eye How Scleral Lenses Interact with the Ocular Surface Just as the skin protects the human body, the ocular surface protects the human Scleral lenses are large-diameter lenses designed to vault the cornea and rest on the conjunctival tissue sitting on eye. The ocular surface is made up of the cornea, the conjunctiva, the tear film, top of the sclera. The space between the back surface of the lens and the cornea acts as a fluid reservoir. Scleral and the glands that produce tears, oils, and mucus in the tear film. lenses can range in size from 13mm to 19mm, although larger diameter lenses may be designed for patients with more severe eye conditions. Due to their size, scleral lenses consist SCLERA: The sclera is the white outer wall of the eye. It is SCLERAL LENS made of collagen fibers that are arranged for strength rather of at least two zones: than transmission of light. OPTIC ZONE The optic zone vaults over the cornea CORNEA: The cornea is the front center portion of the outer Cross section of FLUID RESERVOIR wall of the eye. It is made of collagen fibers that are arranged in the eye shows The haptic zone rests on the conjunctiva such a way so that the cornea is clear. The cornea bends light the cornea, overlying the sclera as it enters the eye so that the light is focused on the retina. conjunctiva, and sclera as CORNEA The cornea has a protective surface layer called the epithelium. -
Comparative Analysis of Cosmetic Contact Lens Fitting By
Report of the Staff to the Federal Trade Commission A Comparative ~alysis of Cosmetic Coritact Lens Fitting by Ophtha1ffiologists, Optometrists, and Opticians .,... ... ---. ) by . Gary D. Hailey· Jonathan R. Bromberg Joseph P. Mulholland (Note: This report has been prepared by staff members of the Bureau of Consumer Protection and Bureau of Economics of the Federal Trade Commission. The Commission has reviewed the report and authorized its publication.) Acknowledgements The authors owe an enormous debt of gratitude to the many ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians wh~ assisted in the design and performance of this study out of a sense of responsi bility to their professions and to the public. Not all of them can be listed here. &ut the following individuals, who repre-. sen ted their respective professions at all stages of th~ study,' deserve special mention: Oliver H. Dabezies, Jr;, M.D., of the' Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmology and the American Academy of Ophthalmology; Earle L. Hunter, O.D., of the American Optometric Association; and Frank B. Sanning and Joseph W. Soper, of the Contact Lens Society of America and the Opticians Associa tion of America. Of course, none of these individuals or asso ciations necessarily endorses the ultimate conclusions of this report. A number ,of current and former FTC staff members have con tr ibuted to the study in important ways.· "'''Me-iribers of the Bureau of Consumer Protection's Impact Evaluation Unit, including Tom Maronick, Sandy Gleason,' Ron Stiff, Michael Sesnowitz, and Ken Bernhardt, helped answer innumerable technical questions related to the design and administration of the study. Christine Latsey, Elizabeth Hilder, Janis Klurfeld, Scott Klurfeld, Erica Summers, Matthew Daynard, Te~ry Latanich, and Gail Jensen interviewed study subjects, supervised the field examinat~ons, prepared data for analysis, wrote preliminary drafts, and helped with a number 6f 6ther ~asks. -
Anatomy and Physiology of the Afferent Visual System
Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol. 102 (3rd series) Neuro-ophthalmology C. Kennard and R.J. Leigh, Editors # 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved Chapter 1 Anatomy and physiology of the afferent visual system SASHANK PRASAD 1* AND STEVEN L. GALETTA 2 1Division of Neuro-ophthalmology, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 2Neuro-ophthalmology Division, Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA INTRODUCTION light without distortion (Maurice, 1970). The tear–air interface and cornea contribute more to the focusing Visual processing poses an enormous computational of light than the lens does; unlike the lens, however, the challenge for the brain, which has evolved highly focusing power of the cornea is fixed. The ciliary mus- organized and efficient neural systems to meet these cles dynamically adjust the shape of the lens in order demands. In primates, approximately 55% of the cortex to focus light optimally from varying distances upon is specialized for visual processing (compared to 3% for the retina (accommodation). The total amount of light auditory processing and 11% for somatosensory pro- reaching the retina is controlled by regulation of the cessing) (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991). Over the past pupil aperture. Ultimately, the visual image becomes several decades there has been an explosion in scientific projected upside-down and backwards on to the retina understanding of these complex pathways and net- (Fishman, 1973). works. Detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the visual The majority of the blood supply to structures of the system, in combination with skilled examination, allows eye arrives via the ophthalmic artery, which is the first precise localization of neuropathological processes. -
Your Glasses Need to Be Right. Your Glasses Should Be Comfortable, Complement Your Face, and Provide You with the Best Possible Vision and Protection of Your Sight
Your glasses need to be right. Your glasses should be comfortable, complement your face, and provide you with the best possible vision and protection of your sight. Because anything less is not good enough for our patients, we have a full-service optical shop that stands up to the quality you can expect from the office of your board- certified eye MD. Dr. Gray is very particular that our optical sales are not on commission. This is to ensure that the only factor guiding your purchase is our aim to give you the best quality of vision and comfort. You will not find this non-commissioned sales approach elsewhere. We are not interested in making a fast deal and a one-time sale. We aim to give you the best glasses you have ever owned, and to earn your business for a lifetime. We are frequently asked what makes a quality pair of glasses. We can help you cut through all the confusing choices and marketing hype, and give you the assurance that you are getting a high quality product that will be the best for your eyes and your vision. We will be here to service and stand behind our products to ensure that you get a high level of value for your money, and not just a quick “deal”. There are many different types of lenses and frames on today’s market. When you get your glasses here, our expert optician presents all the options and the latest optical technology and tailors your glasses to your individual needs. -
Corneal Erosion?
What Is the Cornea? The cornea is the clear front window of the eye. It covers the iris (colored portion of the eye) and the round pupil, much like a watch crystal covers the face of a watch. The cornea is composed of five layers. The outermost surface layer is called the epithelium. Normal Eye Anatomy What Is a Corneal Abrasion? A corneal abrasion is an injury (a scratch, scrape or cut) to the corneal epithelium. Abrasions are commonly caused by fingernail scratches, paper cuts, makeup brushes, scrapes from tree or bush limbs, and rubbing of the eye. Some eye conditions, such as dry eye, increase the chance of an abrasion. You may experience the following symptoms with corneal abrasion: • Feeling of having something in your eye • Pain and soreness of the eye • Redness of the eye • Sensitivity to light • Tearing • Blurred vision To detect an abrasion on the cornea, your ophthalmologist (Eye M.D.) will use a special dye called fluorescein (pronounced FLOR-uh-seen) to illuminate the injury. How Is a Corneal Abrasion Treated? Treatment may include the following: • Patching the injured eye to prevent eyelid blinking from irritating the injury. • Applying lubricating eyedrops or ointment to the eye to form a soothing layer between the eyelid and the abrasion. • Using antibiotics to prevent infection. • Dilating (widening) the pupil to relieve pain. • Wearing a special contact lens to help healing. Minor abrasions usually heal within a day or two; larger abrasions usually take about a week. It is important not to rub the eye while it is healing. -
Release of Prescriptions for Eyeglasses and Contact Lenses
STATE AND CONSUMER SERVICES AGENCY Governor Edmund G. Brown Jr. BOARD OF OPTOMETRY 2450 DEL PASO ROAD, SUITE 105 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95834 TEL: (916) 575-7170 www.optometry.ca.gov FACT SHEET RELEASE OF PRESCRIPTIONS FOR EYEGLASSES AND CONTACT LENSES The Federal Trade Commission adopted the Ophthalmic Practice Rules (Eyeglass Rule) and the Contact Lens Rule, which set-forth national requirements for the release of eyeglass and contact lens prescriptions. According to these Rules, all prescriptions for corrective lenses must be released to patients, whether requested or not. The Federal Contact Lens Rule preempts California law regarding the release of contact lens prescriptions, including exceptions carved out for specialty lenses and the 2 p.m. deadline established in AB 2020 (Chapter 814, Statutes of 2002). The following is a brief description of the prescription release requirements: Eyeglass prescriptions must be released immediately following the eye exam. Contact lens prescriptions must be released immediately upon completion of the eye exam or the contact lens fitting (if a fitting is necessary). If specialty lenses must be purchased in order to complete to the fitting process, the charges for those lenses can be passed along to the patient as part of the fitting process. • Contact lens fitting means the process that begins after an initial eye examination for contact lenses and ends when a successful fit has been achieved. In cases of renewal prescriptions, the fitting ends when the prescriber determines that no change in the existing prescription is required. • If a patient elects to purchase contact lenses from a third party, the seller must verify the prescription before filling it.