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Britain's Transition from Rail to Road-Based Food Distribution, 1919-1975 Thomas James Spain MA
‘Food Miles’: Britain’s Transition from Rail to Road-based Food Distribution, 1919-1975 Thomas James Spain MA Doctor of Philosophy University of York Railway Studies September 2016 Abstract Britain’s railways were essential for the development of the British economy throughout the nineteenth century; however, by 1919 their seemingly unassailable position as goods carriers was about to be eroded by the lorry. The railway strike of September 1919 had presented traders with an opportunity to observe the capabilities of road haulage, but there is no study which focuses on the process of modal shift in goods distribution from the trader’s perspective. This thesis therefore marks an important departure from the existing literature by placing goods transport into its working context. The importance of food as an everyday essential commodity adds a further dimension to the status of goods transport within Britain’s supply chain, particularly when the fragility of food products means that minimising the impact of distance, time and spoilage before consumption is vital in ensuring effective and practical logistical solutions. These are considered in a series of four case studies on specific food commodities and retail distribution, which also hypothesise that the modal shift from rail to road reflected the changing character of transport demand between 1919 and 1975. Consequently, this thesis explores the notion that the centre of governance over the supply chain transferred between food producers, manufacturers, government and chain retailer, thereby driving changes in transport technology and practice. This thesis uses archival material to provide a qualitative study into the food industry’s relationship with transport where the case studies incorporate supply chain analyses to permit an exploration of how changes in structure might have influenced the modal shift from rail to road distribution. -
Midnight Train to Georgemas Report Final 08-12-2017
Midnight Train to Georgemas 08/12/2017 Reference number 105983 MIDNIGHT TRAIN TO GEORGEMAS MIDNIGHT TRAIN TO GEORGEMAS MIDNIGHT TRAIN TO GEORGEMAS IDENTIFICATION TABLE Client/Project owner HITRANS Project Midnight Train to Georgemas Study Midnight Train to Georgemas Type of document Report Date 08/12/2017 File name Midnight Train to Georgemas Report v5 Reference number 105983 Number of pages 57 APPROVAL Version Name Position Date Modifications Claire Mackay Principal Author 03/07/2017 James Consultant Jackson David Project 1 Connolly, Checked Director 24/07/2017 by Alan Director Beswick Approved David Project 24/07/2017 by Connolly Director James Principal Author 21/11/2017 Jackson Consultant Alan Modifications Director Beswick to service Checked 2 21/11/2017 costs and by Project David demand Director Connolly forecasts Approved David Project 21/11/2017 by Connolly Director James Principal Author 08/12/2017 Jackson Consultant Alan Director Beswick Checked Final client 3 08/12/2017 by Project comments David Director Connolly Approved David Project 08/12/2017 by Connolly Director TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 6 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION 6 2.1 EXISTING COACH AND RAIL SERVICES 6 2.2 CALEDONIAN SLEEPER 7 2.3 CAR -BASED TRAVEL TO /FROM THE CAITHNESS /O RKNEY AREA 8 2.4 EXISTING FERRY SERVICES AND POTENTIAL CHANGES TO THESE 9 2.5 AIR SERVICES TO ORKNEY AND WICK 10 2.6 MOBILE PHONE -BASED ESTIMATES OF CURRENT TRAVEL PATTERNS 11 3. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 14 4. PROBLEMS/ISSUES 14 4.2 CONSTRAINTS 16 4.3 RISKS : 16 5. OPPORTUNITIES 17 6. SLEEPER OPERATIONS 19 6.1 INTRODUCTION 19 6.2 SERVICE DESCRIPTION & ROUTING OPTIONS 19 6.3 MIXED TRAIN OPERATION 22 6.4 TRACTION & ROLLING STOCK OPTIONS 25 6.5 TIMETABLE PLANNING 32 7. -
Planning Committee Meeting Held on 4/02/2020
Memorandum 20 December 2019 To: Planning Committee Independent Māori Statutory Board Subject: The Draft New Zealand Rail Plan From: Ryan Falconer Lead Transport Advisor Contact information: [email protected] Purpose 1. To provide an overview of the background to and content of the Draft New Zealand Rail Plan (the Plan), and analysis of preliminary implications of this Plan for Auckland Council and Auckland Transport. 2. To provide advice on the relevance of the Plan to Auckland and recommend providing informal feedback to the Ministry of Transport in advance of formal engagement in 2020. Summary 3. The Draft National Rail Plan provides context for proposed reform of rail network planning and investment in New Zealand, integrating rail with the balance of the land transport system and establishing a funding basis from the National Land Transport Fund. 4. The Plan is being publicised simultaneously with proposed legislative change (related amendments to the Land Transport Management Act 2003 and Land Transport Act 1988). This proposed legislative change is addressed in a separate Planning Committee memorandum. 5. The Plan emphasises the planning, funding and operations of both Auckland and Wellington’s metropolitan rail networks and prioritises addressing the needs of both passenger and freight traffic. 6. The Government has invited informal comments on the Plan. The Plan will be out for formal public engagement, alongside the Government Policy Statement on Land Transport, in 2020. However, the Government has invited informal feedback on the plan prior to this. Staff propose providing informal feedback to the Ministry of Transport in January in accordance with the points raised in this memorandum. -
CATALOGUE Visit Our Website Antiquetoys.Com.Au to View All Items, Download a PDF Catalogue Suitable for Printing, and See Previews of Forthcoming Auction Items
First Monday Toy Auction TRAINS, PLANES & AUTOMOBILES Monday 4th June 2018 at 6:00pm Join us in our Auction Rooms at Unit 4, 30-32 Livingstone Street, Lawson, NSW 2783 Or watch & bid online at invaluable.com Highlights include • Superb collection of Australian HO • More HO/OO from Hornby, Lima and others • Great selection of O-gauge including ACE, Bassett-Lowke, Hornby, Lionel, Marx, Mettoy, and several Australian brands, also live steam locomotives • Railway novelty items including a whiskey bottle train set • Dinky & Corgi diecast cars • Matchbox 1-75’s and King Size • 1:18 & 1:24 scale cars Featured item: Lot 76 Bassett-Lowke O-gauge LMS 2-6-4 Stanier Tank Locomotive • Tinplate vehicles and other tin toys For full details visit antiquetoys.com.au VIEWING Items can be viewed at our Auction Rooms on the Saturday before the auction from 10:00am to 4:00pm, and on the day of the auction from 3:00pm. CATALOGUE Visit our website antiquetoys.com.au to view all items, download a PDF catalogue suitable for printing, and see previews of forthcoming auction items. We can also supply printed catalogues on request for $5.00 each. BIDDING Absentee bids may be left on our website, by phone, by email, or in person during viewings or at our Blackheath shop. Live bidding is available at the venue or online at Invaluable Auctions – visit invaluable.com to register as a bidder. Telephone bidding is also available by prior arrangement. BUYER’S PREMIUM A 13.5% buyer’s premium applies to all successful bids (includes GST). -
Mauriceville West: 1877-1972 This School Struggled Early
Mauriceville West: 1877-1972 This school struggled early a) March 1873 The first party of settlers moved onto their on in dealing and educating children with English as a 2nd land language. The area was settled by Scandinavian Settlers and the b) On a cleared section of land Christian Petersen a teachers had to cope with these people struggling in a foreign Norwegian who did his best to give them a smattering of country. The school was also famous at different periods for its English wood working, science lessons and huge gardens. 24 Kilometres c) They built a rough slab hut to serve as school and from Masterton residence for the teacher. d) Three rooms one to serve as a schoolroom e) Unfurnished and the schoolmaster and his sons set to work to make bunks a table and chairs. f) Christian Peterson received £100 for his services This was supplemented by payments by the settlers of a shilling a week for each pupil. g) If parents couldn’t pay then children couldn’t attend h) In Winter the teacher visited his pupils at home i) One year later he left and the school closed j) July 1886 Government overseer reported on deplorable and about 80 children were neglected. k) 2nd January 1877 “Old School” opened. The school consisted of a single room constructed of sawn timber and had a shingle roof 17th June 1873 With respect to the Danish settlement in School was situated where the hall is named on the map Mauriceville, Wairarapa, the Wairarapa Standard remarks:— "lt is not generally known that this, the youngest of Wairarapa townships, was christened after the Hon. -
Report 08-102 Metro Passenger Train Derailment, Sylvia Park, 14 April 2008
Report 08-102 Metro passenger train derailment, Sylvia Park, 14 April 2008 (incorporating inquiries 08-104 and 08-107) Diesel motor fires on board metro passenger trains, 3 June 2008 and 25 July 2008 The Transport Accident Investigation Commission is an independent Crown entity established to determine the circumstances and causes of accidents and incidents with a view to avoiding similar occurrences in the future. Accordingly it is inappropriate that reports should be used to assign fault or blame or determine liability, since neither the investigation nor the reporting process has been undertaken for that purpose. The Commission may make recommendations to improve transport safety. The cost of implementing any recommendation must always be balanced against its benefits. Such analysis is a matter for the regulator and the industry. These reports may be reprinted in whole or in part without charge, providing acknowledgement is made to the Transport Accident Investigation Commission. Final Report Rail Inquiry 08-102 Metro passenger train derailment, Sylvia Park, 14 April 2008 (incorporating inquiries 08-104 and 08-107) Diesel motor fires on board metro passenger trains, 3 June 2008 and 25 July 2008 Approved for publication: August 2011 Transport Accident Investigation Commission About the Transport Accident Investigation Commission The Transport Accident Investigation Commission (Commission) is an independent Crown entity responsible for inquiring into maritime, aviation and rail accidents and incidents for New Zealand, and co-ordinating and co-operating with other accident investigation organisations overseas. The principal purpose of its inquiries is to determine the circumstances and causes of occurrences with a view to avoiding similar occurrences in the future. -
August 2008 Number 67 Journal
AUGUST 2008 JOURNAL NUMBER 67 PUBLISHED BY FEDERATION OF RAIL ORGANISATIONS NZ INC : P O BOX 13771, ONEHUNGA, AUCKLAND 1643 PLEASE SEND CONTRIBUTIONS TO EDITOR BY E-MAIL : [email protected] 2008 NIMT PARLIAMENTARY SPECIAL 1 – 3 WARRANTS OF FITNESS FOR SEPTIC TANKS ? … 7 FRONZ EXPANDS LINKS WITH USA 4 WESTINGHOUSE PUMP WANTED 7 IN THIS CHARITIES COMMISSION UPDATE 5 FRON MEMBERS STATISTICAL SURVEY 8 ISSUE DF 1501 MOVING TO CHRISTCHURCH 5 FIRES AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES 8 N Z ELECTRONIC TEXT CENTRE 9 LEVEL CROSSING ACCIDENTS & COSTS 5 GOVERNMENT BUYS ‘KIWIRAIL’ RAIL OPERATIONS 9 RECENT ANTI-TAGGING LEGISLATION 5 METAL THEFTS RAMPANT AT HERITAGE RAIL SITES 10 FRONZ 2008 DLEGATES PHOTO 6 N Z TRANSPORT AGENCY REPLACES L T NZ 10 EMISSIONS TRADING LEGISLATION 6 2008 NIMT PARLIAMENTARY SPECIAL CELEBRATING A CENTURY The re-run of the Parliamentary Special of 1908 which inaugurated rail travel between Wellington and Auckland on the North Island Main Trunk, is not just a celebration of that historic event, but also, a triumph for those rail heritage organisations and people who contributed so much to ensure that it could happen. For me, it was more than the opportunity to take part in, and witness, a rare and historic event… it also seemed to epitomise the very essence of what a few of us believed was possible, when we got this organisation started, back in 1972. Tim Dawber captured JA 1271 hauling the 2008 Knowing what I do about the collaboration and co- Parliamentary Special just south of Otaki 6 August 08 operation which successfully saw this massive event carried out over the 3-day journey August 6 to 8th, it is impossible to overlook the lengths many, once disparate groups of people went to, to assist the OnTrack sponsors to pull it all off. -
Przemysł Taboru Szynowego W Polsce
Solaris Tramino Jena. Fot. Solaris Marek Graff Przemysł taboru szynowego w Polsce Przed 1989 r. kolej w Polsce była podstawą transportu osób oraz w krajach zachodnioeuropejskich – niewielka liczba samocho- towarów. Ówczesny nacisk na rozwój przemysłu ciężkiego – prze- dów prywatnych, przewozy stali, węgla kamiennego (ze Śląska do wozy stali, węgla kamiennego spowodował, iż złoty wiek kolei portów w Gdańsku, Gdyni, Szczecinie i Świnoujściu) powodowały, w Polsce trwał znacznie dłużej niż w krajach zachodnioeuropej- iż z jednej strony kolej była traktowana jako podstawa systemu skich. Niewielka liczba samochodów prywatnych powodowała, transportowego kraju, jednak była znacznie przeciążona i chro- iż kolej była traktowana jako podstawa systemu transportowego niczne niedoinwestowana. Swoistym symbolem ówczesnego sta- kraju, jednak była znacznie przeciążona i chroniczne niedoin- nu było utrzymywanie trakcji parowej na liniach bocznych w la- westowana. Realia gospodarki rynkowej po 1989 r. były z jed- tach 70., zamiast wdrożenia programu budowy lekkiego taboru nej strony nowym impuls rozwojowym, jednak upadek zakładów spalinowego, jak to uczyniono w Czechosłowacji czy wschodnich przemysłu ciężkiego – hut żelaza, koksowni, czy kopalni węgla Niemczech. kamiennego, oznaczał drastyczny spadek przewozów towarów ma- Zakup nowoczesnych technologii czy podzespołów do budowa- sowych dotychczas przewożonych koleją. Dopiero przeprowadzona nego taboru za granicą był bardzo utrudniony, nie tylko wskutek restrukturyzacja kolei po 2000 r., a także członkostwo w UE od znacznie wyższej ceny wobec podobnych urządzeń produkowa- 2004 r. znacznie poprawiło stan kolei w Polsce – odrodzenie się nych w Polsce, ale także znacznie dłuższego procesu decyzyjne- przemysłu taborowego, nowe zamówienia – początkowo na lekkie go: zamówienie musiało być złożone przez wyznaczone urzędy pojazdy spalinowe, później na elektryczne zespoły trakcyjne czy centralne, a zakup był możliwy po uzyskaniu przydziału dewiz, co tramwaje nowej generacji, które zamawiano u polskich produ- było dość problematyczne. -
The Original Magazine for Model Engineers
THE ORIGINAL MAGAZINE FOR MODEL ENGINEERS Vol. 220 No. 4580 • 16 February - 1 March 2018 Join our online community www.model-engineer.co.uk FORK COAL MINING MUSEUM ENDS Bushells of Snoring Romney Hythe and Dymchurch COVER FEATURE ENGINEERING GROUP Bolton Tram £3.99 Just a small selection from our current stock Buy online now at: www.gandmtools.co.uk Large Old Blacksmiths 12” x 12” Swage Block Blacksmiths & Stand, VGC, £450.00 plus vat. Anvil with Stand, Approx 2.5 CWT, Boley & Leinen Watchmakers Lathe with £450.00 plus vat. Case, Collets, Tooling, £450.00 plus vat. Cowells Wheel & Pinion Cutting Attachment, VGC, £950.00 plus vat. Alexander Cabinet Mounted Cutter Denford Microrouter with Control Box, Grinder, 3ph, 1ph, £850.00 plus vat. £650.00 plus vat. Sweeney & Blocksidge No 1 Europa Milltech Bench Flypress, Choice of 10, 1500VS Vertical £110.00 plus vat. turret Mill, DRO, Power Feed, Tooling, 3ph, £3250.00 plus vat. Harrison Vertical Mill, Gearbox Problems, 1ph, 240 Volt, Hence Price £750.00 plus vat. • Telephone enquiries welcome on any item of stock. • We hold thousands of items not listed above. • All items are subject to availability. • All prices are subject to carriage and VAT @ 20%. • We can deliver to all parts of the UK and deliver worldwide. • Over 7,000 square feet of tools, machines and workshop equipment. Opening times: 9am -1pm & 2pm – 5pm Monday to Friday. Closed Saturdays, except by appointment. tel: 01903 892510 • www.gandmtools.co.uk • e-mail: [email protected] G and M Tools, The Mill, Mill Lane Ashington, West Sussex RH20 3BX Published by MyTimeMedia Ltd. -
2021 Book News Welcome to Our 2021 Book News
2021 Book News Welcome to our 2021 Book News. As we come towards the end of a very strange year we hope that you’ve managed to get this far relatively unscathed. It’s been a very challenging time for us all and we’re just relieved that, so far, we’re mostly all in one piece. While we were closed over lockdown, Mark took on the challenge of digitalising some of Venture’s back catalogue producing over 20 downloadable books of some of our most popular titles. Thanks to the kind donations of our customers we managed to raise over £3000 for The Christie which was then matched pound for pound by a very good friend taking the total to almost £7000. There is still time to donate and download these books, just click on the downloads page on our website for the full list. We’re still operating with reduced numbers in the building at any one time. We’ve re-organised our schedules for packers and office staff to enable us to get orders out as fast as we can, but we’re also relying on carriers and suppliers. Many of the publishers whose titles we stock are small societies or one-man operations so please be aware of the longer lead times when placing orders for Christmas presents. The last posting dates for Christmas are listed on page 63 along with all the updates in light of the current Covid situation and also the impending Brexit deadline. In particular, please note the change to our order and payment processing which was introduced on 1st July 2020. -
No 66, 14 August 1975, 1787
No. 66 1787 THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE Published by Authority WELLINGTON: THURSDAY, 14 AUGUST 1975 CoRRIGENDUM Land Taken for a Limited Access Road in Irregular Block, IN the Proclamation dated the 9th day of April 1975 and East Taieri Survey District, Taieri County published in Gazette, 17 April 1975, No. 34, page 862, taking land for road in Block XV, Waipakura Survey District, DENIS BLUNDELL, Governor-General Wanganui County, pursuant to the Public Works Act 1928, for the area of land containing 0 acres 0 roods 36.5 perches A PROCLAMATION seventhly described in the Schedule to said Proclamation PURSUANT to the Public Works Act 1928, I, Sir Edward read 0 acre 2 roods 36.5 perches which last-mentioned area Denis Blundell, the Governor-General of New Zealand, hereby appears in the original Proclamation signed by His Excellency proclaim and declare that the land described in the Schedule the Governor-General and the Minister of Works and hereto is hereby taken for a limited access road; and I Development., also declare that this Proclamation shall take effect on and (P.W. 24/4771; Wg, D.O. 44/18/0) after the 14th day of August 1975. SCHEDULE OTAGO LAND DISTRICT ALL that piece of land containing 476 square metres, being Land Taken for the Purposes of a Parking Place in the City part Lot 13, D.P. 2294, and being part Section 21, Irregular of Nelson Block, East Taieri Survey District; shown marked 'A' on Plan S.O. 18086, lodged in the office of the Chief Surveyor DENIS BLUNDELL. -
New ,Zealand Gazette
NEW ZEALAN D THE New ,Zealand Gazette Published by Authority WELLINGTON: THURSDAY, 9 SEPTEMBER 1954 Or.own Land Set Apart as Pm'manent State Forest Land Declaring Lands in South Auckland and Wellington Land District8, Vested in the Auckland, South Auckland, and Wellington Educa [L.S.] C. W. M. NORRIE, Governor-General tion Boards as Sites for Public Schools, to be Ve8ted in Her A PROCLAMATION lYIajesty the Queen URSUANT to section 18 of the Forests Act 1949, I, Lieutenant P General Sir Charles Willoughby Moke Norrie, the Governor [L.S.] C. W. M. NORRIE, Governor-General General of New Zealand, hereby set apart the Crown land described A PROCLAMATION in the )'3ehedule hereto as permanent State· forest land, HEREAS by subsection (6) of section 5 of the Education W Lands Act 1949 (hereinafter referred to as the said Act), SCHEDULE it is provided that notwithstanding anything contained in any other GISBORINE LAND DISTRICT-RoTORUA CONSERVANCY Act the Governor-General may from time to time, by Proclamation, .ALL that area in the Gisborne Land District, Waikohu County, declare that any school site or part of a school site which in his opinion is no longer required for that purpose shall be vested in containi~g by admeasurement 1,983 acres 1. rood 33 perches, more or less, allld being Sections 5 and 7, Block XIV, Motu Survey District. Her Majesty; and thereupon the school site or part thereof, as .As the..sameis more particularly delineated on plan No. 49/4, the case may be, shall vest in Her Majesty freed and- discharged deposite.d in the Head Office of the New Zealand Forest Service from every educational trust affecting the same, but subject to all at Wellington, and thereon bordered red.