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Zootaxa, Urolophus Kapalensis Sp. Nov., a New Stingaree (Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae)

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Zootaxa, Urolophus Kapalensis Sp. Nov., a New Stingaree (Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae) Zootaxa 1176: 41–52 (2006) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 1176 Copyright © 2006 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Urolophus kapalensis sp. nov., a new stingaree (Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae) off eastern Australia GORDON K. YEARSLEY & PETER R. LAST CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; gordon.years- [email protected] Abstract A new stingaree, Urolophus kapalensis sp. nov., is described from material collected off eastern Australia. It differs from the partially sympatric U. paucimaculatus, the only other known Urolo- phus with a bell-shaped internasal flap, in having a dorsal fin (absent in U. paucimaculatus), in col- oration (e.g. with a V-shaped band across the interorbit, which is absent in U. paucimaculatus), and in a number of morphometric and meristic characters including: a narrower disc (disc width 4.6–5.0 times distance between first gill slits vs 5.1 in U. paucimaculatus), a longer stinging spine (11.8– 14.9 vs 9.3–11.5% TL), a shorter spiracle (0.8–1.0 vs 1.1–1.2 times orbit length), and more pre- spine vertebrae (86–95 vs 79–88). The two species are also distinguished by the cytochrome oxi- dase subunit 1 (CO1) gene with a divergence of 9%. The new Urolophus is medium-sized, and occurs from Cape Moreton (Qld) south to Disaster Bay (N.S.W.) in depths of 9–79 m. Key words: Australia, new species, southwestern Pacific Ocean, stingaree, Tasman Sea, Urol- ophidae, Urolophus Introduction The batoid family Urolophidae, otherwise known as stingarees, is represented in Australia by two genera Trygonoptera Müller & Henle, 1841 and Urolophus Müller & Henle, 1837 (Last & Stevens 1994; Last & Compagno 1999). Members of Trygonoptera are readily identified by the presence of broad, flattened fleshy lobes on the mid-lateral margin of each nostril (lobes absent in Urolophus) (Last & Stevens 1994). Phylogenetically signifi- cant skeletal differences also distinguish the two genera and these are the subject of a forthcoming paper by Yearsley, Last & Gomon (in prep.). Urolophus contains 22 valid nominal species, with 15 recorded from Australian seas (Last & Stevens 1994, Séret & Last 2003). Two new Australian Urolophus species were Accepted by M. de Carvalho: 23 Feb. 2006; published: 21 Apr. 2006 41 ZOOTAXA identified by Last & Stevens (1994): U. sp. B was recently described as U. piperatus Séret 1176 & Last, 2003; U. sp. A is described herein from specimens collected on fish surveys off eastern Australia. The new species and the sympatric U. paucimaculatus Dixon, 1969 are the only Urolophus species with a bell-shaped internasal flap but these species differ from one another in dorsal coloration, and in a number of morphological and meristic charac- ters. Methods Counts and measurements follow Séret & Last (2003). Morphometrics of the holotype and 5 paratypes (CSIRO H 74-05, CSIRO H 74-09, CSIRO H 999-09, CSIRO H 999-11, CSIRO H 999-13) were compared with 4 specimens (CSIRO C 4757, CSIRO H 3-01, CSIRO H 6-01, CSIRO H 337-01) of U. paucimaculatus from the southeastern coast of Australia. Measurements are expressed as a proportion of total length (TL) in Table 1. Meristics were taken from radiographs of the holotype and 7 paratypes (CSIRO H 74-03, CSIRO H 74-05, CSIRO H 74-09, CSIRO H 999-09, CSIRO H 999-11, CSIRO H 999-13, CSIRO H 1002-05), as well as from 5 specimens (CSIRO C 4757, CSIRO H 3-01, CSIRO H 6-01, CSIRO H 722-05, CSIRO H 870-10) of U. paucimaculatus. Disc width is abbrevi- ated to ‘DW’. The mouths of two paratypes, a male (CSIRO H 999-11) and a female (CSIRO H 999-09), were partially dissected to access oral characters, including their oral papillae and teeth. The morphology of the holotype is described below with variation (if any) among paratypes presented in parentheses. The holotype and 7 paratypes were deposited at the Australian National Fish Collec- tion at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s Marine and Atmospheric Research laboratories in Hobart, Tasmania (CSIRO). Two other paratypes were deposited at the Museum Victoria, Melbourne (NMV). Urolophus kapalensis sp. nov. Kapala Stingaree (Figs. 1–5) Urolophus sp. A: Last & Stevens 1994, 428, fig. Trygonoptera testacea (non Müller & Henle): Kuiter 1996, p. 20, fig. Urolophus sp.: Edgar 1997, p. 400, fig. Holotype. CSIRO H 999-02, 345 mm TL, mature male, Jervis Bay, N.S.W. (35°02’S, 150°45’E), Tasman Sea, southwestern Pacific Ocean, 18–22 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 14 Nov. 1984. 42 © 2006 Magnolia Press YEARSLEY & LAST ZOOTAXA 1176 FIGURE 1. Urolophus kapalensis sp. nov., holotype, CSIRO H 999-02, mature male, 345 mm TL, dorsal view. Paratypes. 9 specimens. All from the Tasman Sea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. CSIRO H 74-03, 361 mm TL, female, CSIRO H 74-05, 403 mm TL, female, CSIRO H 74- 09, 440 mm TL, female, Jervis Bay, N.S.W. (35°05’S, 150°44’E), 20–30 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 4 Apr. 1984; CSIRO H 999-09, 429 mm TL, female, CSIRO H 999-11, 343 mm TL, mature male, CSIRO H 999-13, 365 mm TL, mature male, CSIRO H 1002-05, 276 mm TL, female, same data as holotype; NMV A 25097-001, 220 mm TL, male, Disas- ter Bay, N.S.W. (37°16’S, 149°58’E), 22–31 m depth, coll. by FRV Southern Surveyor, 3 Aug. 1993; NMV A 25098-001, 250 mm TL, female, east of Lake Macquarie, N.S.W. (33°05’S, 151°42’E), 27–33 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 30 Mar. 1993. Other material. All from the southwestern Pacific Ocean. CSIRO C 2850, 144 mm TL, immature male, Botany Bay, N.S.W. (approximately 33°59’S, 151°11’E), depth unknown, coll. by FV Jaybee, 27 May 1953; CSIRO H 74-04, 370 mm TL, female, Jervis Bay, N.S.W. (35°05’S, 150°44’E), 20–30 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 4 Apr. 1984; CSIRO H 874-01, 327 mm TL, mature male, east of Yamba, N.S.W. (29°28’S, 153°30’E), 50–54 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 26 May 1986; CSIRO H 875-07, 387 mm TL, mature male, east of Crowdy Head, N.S.W. (31°50’S, 152°51’E), 76 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 23 Jul. 1986; CSIRO H 908-01, 360 mm TL, female, CSIRO H 908-04, 399 mm TL, mature male, east of Sydney, N.S.W. (33°58’S, 151°17’E), 47–64 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 25 Mar. 1987; CSIRO H 916-05, 357 mm TL, mature male, east of Port ONE NEW UROLOPHUS © 2006 Magnolia Press 43 ZOOTAXA Stephens, N.S.W. (32°41’S, 152°16’E), 45–63 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 11 Apr. 1176 1985; CSIRO H 930-04, 326 mm TL, mature male, north of North Solitary Island, N.S.W. (29°49’S, 153°24’E), 36–54 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 24 Mar. 1985; CSIRO H 1002-04, 309 mm TL, mature male, same data as holotype; CSIRO H 3540-02, 433 mm TL, mature male, CSIRO H 3540-03, 521 mm TL, female, east of Bermagui, N.S.W. (36°21’S, 150°07’E), 27–28 m depth, coll. by FRV Southern Surveyor, 14 Aug. 1993; CSIRO H 6153-01, 341 mm TL, mature male, CSIRO H 6153-02, 212 mm TL, immature male, CSIRO H 6153-03, 213 mm TL, female, off Cape Moreton, Qld (about 27°02’S, 153°29’E), 79 m depth, coll. by FV Billy Joe, 7 Feb. 2004; NMV A 28034-001 346 mm TL, mature male, NMV A 28034-002, 250 mm TL, female, NMV A 28034-003, 167 mm TL, immature male, Sydney Harbour, N.S.W. (33°49’S, 152°17’E), 9–15 m depth, coll. by FRV Kapala, 9 Sep. 1981. Diagnosis. A medium-sized Urolophus, a genus that lacks broad lobes on posterolat- eral border of nostrils, with the following combination of characters: subcircular to weakly rhomboidal disc, width less than 62% TL; bell-shaped internasal flap; tail with well-devel- oped lateral cutaneous folds; stinging spine long, 12–15% TL; dorsal fin low but promi- nent, free-rear tip over spine origin; total vertebrae 156–170; pre-spine vertebrae 86–95; dorsal surface of disc greenish, paler laterally; usually with dark suborbital blotch and V- shaped interorbital bar. Description. Disc subcircular (subcircular to weakly rhomboidal in paratypes), not especially broad, wider than long; width 1.1 times length, 5.0 (4.6–5.0) times distance between first gill slits; broadest about 1.5 (about 1–2) eye diameters behind level of spira- cles; anterior profile obtuse; anterior disc margins almost straight (very weakly concave to weakly convex); pectoral apices broadly rounded; posterior disc margins convex (Fig. 1). Snout fleshy, tip angular, barely extended; preoral snout length 3.1 (2.7–3.2) times interna- rial distance, 1.1 (0.9–1.0) times distance between first gill slits; direct preorbital snout length 3.2 (2.6–3.8) times interorbital distance; snout to maximum disc width 2.5 (2.7–2.8) times in DW; interorbital space broad, almost flat (sometimes slightly concave); orbital region barely distinguishable from head (sometimes elevated well above interorbit, eleva- tion also evident from underwater photographs of non-types), orbit diameter 0.8 (0.8–1.0) in spiracle length; eye of moderate size (small to moderate), lateral, 24% (22–29%) preoc- ular snout length, 12% (10–13%) ventral head length, diameter 1.1 (1.1–1.4) in spiracle length; lower half of eye separated from spiracle by thick, fleshy curtain consisting of sev- eral irregular longitudinal skin folds (when eyes raised, curtain wholly below eye); curtain originating just in advance of mid-eye, inserted near posterior margin of orbit; inter-eye distance 2.5 (2.5–3.1) times eye diameter.
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