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National Action Plan for the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector in the Czech Republic

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National Action Plan for the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector in the Czech Republic National Action Plan for the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector in the Czech Republic Compiler: Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic Date: 22 May 2015 Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 6 1 Purpose of the Document, Basis and Objectives of the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector 11 2 Vision of the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector ............................................................. 16 3 Conditions for Ensuring the Sustainable Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector .................. 20 3.1 Nuclear Safety at the Top Level ............................................................................................. 20 3.2 Minimum Environmental Impact in All Stages of the Life Cycle of Nuclear Energy .............. 21 3.3 High Competitiveness of Electricity Generation in the Nuclear Energy Sector..................... 23 3.4 Transparency and Acceptability for the Population .............................................................. 25 3.5 Ensuring a Long-term Nuclear Fuel Cycle .............................................................................. 28 3.5.1 Natural Uranium ................................................................................................................ 28 3.5.2 Uranium Conversion to UF6 ............................................................................................... 28 3.5.3 Separation (Uranium Enrichment) .................................................................................... 29 3.5.4 Nuclear Fuel Fabrication .................................................................................................... 29 3.5.5 Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility .................................................................................... 29 3.5.6 Transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel ....................................................................................... 29 3.5.7 Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing ................................................................................................ 29 3.6 Long-term Security of Fuel Supplies ...................................................................................... 29 3.7 Long-term Design of Fuel Cycle Back End and RAW Management ....................................... 31 3.7.1 Estimate of Future Quantities of RAW and SNF ................................................................ 32 3.7.2 Management of Low- and Intermediate-level Waste from Nuclear Power Plants Destined for Near Surface Repositories ........................................................................................................ 34 3.7.3 Storage of SNF from Power Reactors ................................................................................ 35 3.7.4 Waste As a Result of the Operation and Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants ...... 36 3.7.5 Financing of RAW Disposal ................................................................................................ 37 3.8 Creation of a Sufficient Reserve for Decommissioning ......................................................... 38 3.9 Clear Definition of the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage ..................................................... 40 4 The Current Condition of the Nuclear Energy Sector in the Czech Republic ................................. 51 4.1 Operation and Service Life of the Existing Nuclear Power Plants ......................................... 51 4.1.1 Operation and Availability ................................................................................................. 51 4.1.2 Age and Condition of the NPPs, Anticipated Further Operation and the Life-expectancy Plan 52 4.2 Possibilities of the Construction of a New Nuclear Facility (NNF) - Readiness and the Limits of the Current Nuclear Sites in the Czech Republic........................................................................... 54 4.2.1 Temelin Site ....................................................................................................................... 54 4.2.2 Dukovany Site .................................................................................................................... 57 4.3 Human Resources, Structure by Age and Education, Quality ............................................... 60 4.3.1 Current State of Education Support in the Nuclear Energy Sector ................................... 60 4.3.2 Condition and Needs of Human Resources Development for the Securing of the Nuclear Energy Sector on a Long-term Basis ............................................................................................... 62 4.3.3 Critical Prerequisites for the Provision of Human Resources............................................ 66 4.4 Condition of the Industrial Base and its Potential in the Supply Chain ................................. 67 5 Organisation of the Sector and the Role of the State .................................................................... 69 5.1 Vision and Action Plan ........................................................................................................... 69 5.2 Coordination of the Nuclear Energy Sector Development .................................................... 70 5.3 Organisation of the Supply Chain .......................................................................................... 71 5.4 Independent Supervision ...................................................................................................... 71 5.5 RAW Management ................................................................................................................ 72 5.6 Coordination of Research ...................................................................................................... 72 6 Construction of New Nuclear Facilities .......................................................................................... 73 6.1 Sites ....................................................................................................................................... 73 6.2 Investment Model ................................................................................................................. 74 6.2.1 Share of Domestic Contractors ......................................................................................... 77 6.2.2 Recommended NNF Preparation Procedure ..................................................................... 77 6.3 Economic and Time Aspects of NNF Construction ................................................................ 78 6.3.1 General Model Assumptions for Analysis ......................................................................... 79 6.3.2 Ensuring the Return of Investment in the Option with the Use of CfD ............................. 84 6.3.3 Ensuring the Rate of Return of Investment in the Option of Direct Construction through the State - Model Example ............................................................................................................. 90 6.4 Business Organisation Options .............................................................................................. 93 6.5 Summary of Recommended Actions for the Construction of New Nuclear Facilities in the Czech Republic ................................................................................................................................... 94 7 Critical Prerequisites for Achieving the Objectives of the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector..................................................................................................................................................... 96 8 Priorities for the Development of the Nuclear Energy Sector, Measures in Individual Areas ....... 97 8.1 Nuclear Safety ....................................................................................................................... 97 8.1.1 Measures to Strengthen Nuclear Safety ........................................................................... 97 8.2 Role of the State and Organisation of the Nuclear Energy Sector ........................................ 97 8.2.1 Stabilisation of the Economic Environment ...................................................................... 98 8.2.2 Development of Legislation in the Field of Permitting Procedures .................................. 98 8.2.3 Measures in the Field of Organisation of the Nuclear Energy Sector ............................... 99 8.3 Long-term Operation of Dukovany NPP (Followed by Temelin NPP).................................. 101 8.3.1 Measures for the Field of the Long-term Operation of Existing NPPs ............................ 102 8.4 End of Fuel Cycle Design – Capacity and Safety of Repositories ......................................... 103 8.4.1 Measures for the Field of the Long-term Operation of Existing NPPs ............................ 104 8.5 Preparation for NPP Shutdown ........................................................................................... 104 8.5.1 Measures for the Field of NPP Shutdown ....................................................................... 105 8.6 Continuation of Preparation and Construction of NNF ....................................................... 105 8.6.1 Measures for the Field of Construction of NNF .............................................................. 105 8.7 Communication with the Public and Non-governmental Organisations
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