The Big Microbe Knit 31St October 2009 Knitting Patterns For

The Big Microbe Knit 31 st October 2009

Knitting patterns for •Tuberculosis •Cholera •Salmonella •Common Cold •Swine Flu •Penicillium Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) – double pointed needles Tuberculosis is a disease which normally attacks the lungs, although it can also affect other organs of the body. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium which has a cylindrical body.

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit K every round until bacterium is the P = purl desired length (~40 rounds) Sts = stitches Add stuffing to just below the level of Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch the needles K2tog = knit 2 together Work decrease rounds, adding stuffing as you go Decrease rounds Round 1 (K2tog, K3) 6 times (24 sts) Materials needed Round 2 K •Yarn in DK or aran weight Round 3 (K2tog, K2) 6 times (18 sts) •4 double-pointed needles in a size Round 4 K suitable for the yarn weight you are Round 5 (K2tog, K1) 6 times (12 sts) using. I recommend using needles a Round 6 K size or two smaller than the yarn Round 7 K2tog 6 times (6 sts) calls for, to produce a firm fabric. Cut yarn and thread through six •Toy stuffing remaining stitches (add more •Yarn needle stuffing if required). Weave in ends.

Instructions Body : Cast on 6 sts using your preferred method (I use the Continental, or long-tail, cast on) Distribute sts over three double pointed needles and join to work in the round, being careful not to twist sts. K one round. Increase rounds Round 1 Kfb 6 times (12 sts) Round 2 K Round 3 (Kfb, K1) 6 times (18sts) Round 4 K Round 5 (Kfb, K2) 6 times (24 sts) Round 6 K Round 7 (Kfb, K3) 6 times (30sts) Round 8 K

Copyright © 2009 Clare Dyer-Smith. You may make copies of this pattern and knit it up for personal use, as gifts, or for charity. You may not sell microbes knitted from this pattern for profit. Contact [email protected] for more information, for pattern support, or if you spot any mistakes! Enjoy, and remember to always wash your hands! Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis ) – straight needles Tuberculosis is a disease which normally attacks the lungs, although it can also affect other organs of the body. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium which has a cylindrical body.

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit Continue working in stockinette P = purl stitch (K odd rows, P even rows) Sts = stitches until bacterium is the desired length Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch (~30 rows) K2tog = knit 2 together Decrease rows Row 1 K1, (K2tog, K3) 6 times, K1 (26 sts) Row 2 P Materials needed Row 3 K1, (K2tog, K2) 6 times, K1, •Yarn in DK or aran weight (20 sts) •4 straight needles in a size suitable Row 4 P for the yarn weight you are using. I Row 5 K1, (K2tog, K1) 6 times, K1 recommend using needles a size or (14 sts) two smaller than the yarn calls for, to Row 6 P produce a firm fabric. Row 7 K1, K2tog 6 times, K1 (8 sts) •Toy stuffing Bind off all sts . When cutting the •Yarn needle yarn, leave a tail long enough to sew up the body seam. Sew the body seam (using mattress stitch for best results), adding Instructions stuffing as you go. Weave in ends. Body : Cast on 8 sts using your preferred method (I use the Continental, or long-tail, cast on) P one row. Increase rows Row 1 K1, Kfb 6 times, K1 (14 sts) Row 2 P Row 3 K1, (Kfb, K1) 6 times, K1 (20 sts) Row 4 P Row 5 K1, (Kfb, K2) 6 times, K1 (26 sts) Row 6 P Row 7 K1, (Kfb, K3) 6 times, K1 (32sts) Row 8 P

Copyright © 2009 Clare Dyer-Smith. You may make copies of this pattern and knit it up for personal use, as gifts, or for charity. You may not sell microbes knitted from this pattern for profit. Contact [email protected] for more information, for pattern support, or if you spot any mistakes! Enjoy, and remember to always wash your hands! Cholera (Vibrio cholerae ) – double pointed needles Cholera is a devastating disease spread by poor sanitation. It caused widespread deaths in city slums during the 19 th century in Britain and is still found in many areas around the world today. Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium which has a cylindrical body with a single flagellum at its base.

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit K every round until bacterium is the P = purl desired length (~30 rounds) Sts = stitches Add stuffing to just below the level of Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch the needles K2tog = knit 2 together Work decrease rounds, adding stuffing as you go Decrease rounds Materials needed Round 1 (K2tog, K3) 6 times (24 sts) •Yarn in DK or aran weight Round 2 K •Yarn in a contrasting colour for the Round 3 (K2tog, K2) 6 times (18 sts) flagellum (optional) Round 4 K •4 double-pointed needles in a size Round 5 (K2tog, K1) 6 times (12 sts) suitable for the yarn weight you are Round 6 K using. I recommend using needles a Round 7 K2tog 6 times (6 sts) size or two smaller than the yarn Cut yarn and thread through six calls for, to produce a firm fabric. remaining stitches (add more •Toy stuffing stuffing if required). Weave in ends. •Yarn needle Flagellum:Pick up three sts at base of body by sliding a double pointed needle into one of the ‘legs’ of each Instructions stitch. K across these sts (using a Body : Cast on 6 sts using your contrast yarn if desired). preferred method (I use the Work i-cord as follows: knit into Continental, or long-tail, cast on) these three sts. When all three sts Distribute sts over three double have been knitted onto the right pointed needles and join to work in hand needle, slide them to the other the round, being careful not to twist end of the needle. Do not turn. Move sts. K one round. this needle into your left hand and Increase rounds knit the three sts again, in the same Round 1 Kfb 6 times (12 sts) order as you knitted them in the first Round 2 K row. This will create a small tube of Round 3 (Kfb, K1) 6 times (18sts) knitting. Round 4 K Work flagellum to desired length Round 5 (Kfb, K2) 6 times (24 sts) (~30 rows) Cut yarn leaving a tail. Round 6 K Thread tail through the three sts and Round 7 (Kfb, K3) 6 times (30sts) drop them off the needle. Weave in Round 8 K ends.

Copyright © 2009 Clare Dyer-Smith. You may make copies of this pattern and knit it up for personal use, as gifts, or for charity. You may not sell microbes knitted from this pattern for profit. Contact [email protected] for more information, for pattern support, or if you spot any mistakes! Enjoy, and remember to always wash your hands! Cholera (Vibrio cholerae ) – straight needles Cholera is a devastating disease spread by poor sanitation. It caused widespread deaths in city slums during the 19 th century in Britain and is still found in many areas around the world today. Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium which has a cylindrical body with a single flagellum at its base.

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit Continue working in stockinette P = purl stitch (K odd rows, P even rows) Sts = stitches until bacterium is the desired length Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch (~30 rows) K2tog = knit 2 together Decrease rows Row 1 K1, (K2tog, K3) 6 times, K1 (26 sts) Materials needed Row 2 P •Yarn in DK or aran weight Row 3 K1, (K2tog, K2) 6 times, K1, •Yarn in a contrasting colour for the (20 sts) flagellum (optional) Row 4 P •4 straight needles in a size suitable Row 5 K1, (K2tog, K1) 6 times, K1 for the yarn weight you are using. I (14 sts) recommend using needles a size or Row 6 P two smaller than the yarn calls for, to Row 7 K1, K2tog 6 times, K1 (8 sts) produce a firm fabric. Bind off all sts . When cutting the •Toy stuffing yarn, leave a tail long enough to sew •Yarn needle up the body seam. Sew the body seam (using mattress stitch for best results), adding Instructions stuffing as you go. Weave in ends. Body : Cast on 8 sts using your preferred method (I use the Flagellum:Pick up two stitches at Continental, or long-tail, cast on) the base of the body by sliding a P one row. needle into one of the ‘legs’ of each Increase rows stitch. K across these sts (using a Row 1 K1, Kfb 6 times, K1 (14 sts) contrast yarn if desired). Row 2 P Row 3 K1, (Kfb, K1) 6 times, K1 (20 Work in garter stitch (K every row) sts) until the flagellum is the desired Row 4 P length (~30 rows). Row 5 K1, (Kfb, K2) 6 times, K1 (26 sts) Bind off sts. Row 6 P Row 7 K1, (Kfb, K3) 6 times, K1 Weave in ends. (32sts) Row 8 P

Salmonellosis is the name given to food poisoning caused by the salmonella bacterium which can be found in infected foods, including eggs. Salmonella is a cylindrical bacterium with several flagella all over its body.

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit K every round until bacterium is the P = purl desired length (~30 rounds) Sts = stitches Add stuffing to just below the level of Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch the needles K2tog = knit 2 together Work decrease rounds, adding stuffing as you go Decrease rounds Materials needed Round 1 (K2tog, K3) 6 times (24 sts) •Yarn in DK or aran weight Round 2 K •Yarn in a contrasting colour for the Round 3 (K2tog, K2) 6 times (18 sts) flagella (optional) Round 4 K •4 double-pointed needles in a size Round 5 (K2tog, K1) 6 times (12 sts) suitable for the yarn weight you are Round 6 K using. I recommend using needles a Round 7 K2tog 6 times (6 sts) size or two smaller than the yarn Cut yarn and thread through six calls for, to produce a firm fabric. remaining sts (add more stuffing if •Toy stuffing required) . Weave in ends . •Yarn needle Flagella : Choose where you want to place a flagellum Pick up three body sts by sliding a double pointed needle into one of the ‘legs’ of each stitch. K Instructions across these sts (using a contrast yarn Body : Cast on 6 sts using your if desired). preferred method (I use the Work i-cord as follows: knit into these Continental, or long-tail, cast on) three stitches. When all three sts have Distribute sts over three double been knitted onto the right hand pointed needles and join to work in needle, slide them to the other end of the round, being careful not to twist the needle. Do not turn. Move this sts. K one round. needle into your left hand and knit the Increase rounds three stitches again, in the same order Round 1 Kfb 6 times (12 sts) as you knitted them in the first row. Round 2 K This will create a small tube of knitting. Round 3 (Kfb, K1) 6 times (18sts) Work flagellum to desired length (~30 Round 4 K rows) Cut yarn leaving a tail. Thread Round 5 (Kfb, K2) 6 times (24 sts) tail through the three stitches and drop Round 6 K them off the needle. Round 7 (Kfb, K3) 6 times (30sts) Weave in ends. Round 8 K

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit Continue working in stockinette P = purl stitch (K odd rows, P even rows) Sts = stitches until bacterium is the desired length Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch (~30 rows) K2tog = knit 2 together Decrease rows Row 1 K1, (K2tog, K3) 6 times, K1 (26 sts) Materials needed Row 2 P •Yarn in DK or aran weight Row 3 K1, (K2tog, K2) 6 times, K1, •Yarn in a contrasting colour for the (20 sts) flagellum (optional) Row 4 P •4 straight needles in a size suitable Row 5 K1, (K2tog, K1) 6 times, K1 for the yarn weight you are using. I (14 sts) recommend using needles a size or Row 6 P two smaller than the yarn calls for, to Row 7 K1, K2tog 6 times, K1 (8 sts) produce a firm fabric. Bind off all sts . When cutting the •Toy stuffing yarn, leave a tail long enough to sew •Yarn needle up the body seam. Sew the body seam (using mattress stitch for best results), adding Instructions stuffing as you go. Weave in ends. Body : Cast on 8 sts using your preferred method (I use the Flagellum: Choose where you want Continental, or long-tail, cast on) to place a flagellum. Pick up two P one row. body sts by sliding a needle into one Increase rows of the ‘legs’ of each stitch. K across Row 1 K1, Kfb 6 times, K1 (14 sts) these sts (using a contrast yarn if Row 2 P desired). Row 3 K1, (Kfb, K1) 6 times, K1 (20 sts) Work in garter stitch (K every row) Row 4 P until the flagellum is the desired Row 5 K1, (Kfb, K2) 6 times, K1 (26 length (~30 rows). sts) Row 6 P Bind off sts. Row 7 K1, (Kfb, K3) 6 times, K1 (32sts) Weave in ends. Row 8 P

The virus which causes the common cold consists of a protein ‘capsid’, which is like a shell, containing the virus’ genetic material (RNA). The capsid is made up of four different proteins and has an icosahedral (20-sided) shape, with 60 copies of each protein.

Abbreviations Increase rounds K = knit Round 1 Kfb 6 times (12 sts) P = purl Round 2 (K1, bobble, k2) 3 times Sts = stitches Round 3 (Kfb, K) 6 times (18 sts) Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch Round 4 K K2tog = knit 2 together Round 5 (Kfb, K2) 6 times (24 sts) Bobble = Into same stitch, k1, p1, k1, Round 6 (K1, bobble, k2) 6 times p1, k1. Pass the first four of these Round 7 (Kfb, K3) 6 times (30 sts) stitches over the last stitch one at a Round 8 K time Round 9 (Kfb, K4) 6 times (36 sts) Round 10 (K1, bobble, k2) 9 times Materials needed Round 11 (Kfb, K5) 6 times (42 sts) •Yarn in DK or aran weight Round 12 K •4 double-pointed needles in a size Round 13 (Kfb, K6) 6 times (48 sts) suitable for the yarn weight you are Round 14 (K1, bobble, k2) 12 times using. I recommend using needles a Straight rounds size or two smaller than the yarn Rounds 15-17 K calls for, to produce a firm fabric . Round 18 (K 1, bobble, k2) 12 times •Toy stuffing Add stuffing up to just below the level of •Yarn needle needles. Work decrease rounds, adding stuffing as you go Instructions Decrease rounds The basic pattern is a knitted sphere Round 19 (K2tog, K6) 6 times (42 sts) with bobbles knitted every four Round 20 K rounds. In the ‘increase’ and Round 21 (K2tog, K5) 6 times (36 sts) ‘decrease’ sections you will be Round 22 (K1, bobble, k2) 9 times increasing or decreasing every other Round 23 (K2tog, K4) 6 times (30 sts) round. Round 24 K Round 25 (K2tog, K3) 6 times (24 sts) Cast on 6 stitches using your Round 26 (K1, bobble, k2) 6 times preferred method (I use the Round 27 (K2tog, K2) 6 times (18 sts) Continental, or long-tail, cast on) Round 28 K Distribute stitches over three double Round 29 (K2tog, K1) 6 times (12 sts) pointed needles and join to work in Round 30 (K1, bobble, k2) 3 times the round, being careful not to twist Round 31 K2tog 6 times (6 sts) stitches. Knit one round Cut yarn and thread through six remaining sts (add more stuffing if required). Weave in ends.

The swine flu virus is round, with two different proteins (HA, haemagglutin, which binds the virus to the cells, and NA, neuaminidase, which helps the virus to multiply) covering the surface. HA and NA are represented in this pattern by beads

Abbreviations K = knit Increase rounds P = purl Round 1 Kfb 6 times (12 sts) Sts = stitches Round 2 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 3 times Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch Round 3 (Kfb, K) 6 times (18 sts) K2tog = knit 2 together Round 4 K Place Bead = bring yarn to front and Round 5 (Kfb, K2) 6 times (24 sts) slip the next stitch as if to purl. Slip a Round 6 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 6 times bead close to the right hand needle, Round 7 (Kfb, K3) 6 times (30 sts) then continue knitting the next stitch. Round 8 K Round 9 (Kfb, K4) 6 times (36 sts) Round 10 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 9 times Materials needed Round 11 (Kfb, K5) 6 times (42 sts) •Yarn in DK or aran weight Round 12 K •4 double-pointed needles in a size Round 13 (Kfb, K6) 6 times (48 sts) suitable for the yarn weight you are Round 14 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 12 times using. I recommend using needles a Straight rounds size or two smaller than the yarn Rounds 15-17 K calls for, to produce a firm fabric . Round 18 (K 1, Place Bead, k2) 12 times •Toy stuffing Add stuffing up to just below the level of •Yarn needle needles. •60 beads in two different colours or Work decrease rounds, adding stuffing shapes – for greater accuracy you as you go will need 3-4 times as much of one Decrease rounds bead (HA) as of the other (NA) Round 19 (K2tog, K6) 6 times (42 sts) •NOTE Make sure that the holes in Round 20 K the beads you choose are large Round 21 (K2tog, K5) 6 times (36 sts) enough to fit the yarn through! Round 22 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 9 times Round 23 (K2tog, K4) 6 times (30 sts) Instructions Round 24 K Round 25 (K2tog, K3) 6 times (24 sts) Thread the 60 beads onto the yarn, Round 26 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 6 times in any order you like, using a small Round 27 (K2tog, K2) 6 times (18 sts) needle. Round 28 K Round 29 (K2tog, K1) 6 times (12 sts) Cast on 6 sts using your preferred Round 30 (K1, Place Bead, k2) 3 times method. Distribute sts over three Round 31 K2tog 6 times (6 sts) double pointed needles and join to Cut yarn and thread through six work in the round, being careful not remaining sts (add more stuffing if to twist sts. K one round required). Weave in ends.

Copyright © 2009 Clare Dyer-Smith. You may make copies of this pattern and knit it up for personal use, as gifts, or for charity. You may not sell microbes knitted from this pattern for profit. Contact [email protected] for more information, for pattern support, or if you spot any mistakes! Enjoy, and remember to always wash your hands! Penicillium The antibiotic penicillin was discovered in 1929 by Alexander Fleming. It saved millions of lives during the second world war, and is still used to treat infections today, along with several other related antibiotics. The penicillin molecule is produced by Penicillium mould.

Abbreviations Instructions continued K = knit Fingers : K 6 sts. Place remaining 24 sts on P = purl waste yarn. Working on these 6 sts: cast on Sts = stitches 5 sts using cable cast on (11 sts). Arrange Kfb = knit into front and back of stitch these 11 sts over three dpns and join to K2tog = knit 2 sts together work in the round, being careful not to twist. K 20 rounds, adding stuffing as you go. Materials needed K2tog 5 times, K1 (6 sts) •Yarn in DK or aran weight Break yarn leaving a tail long enough to •Waste yarn sew on a pompom. Thread tail through •Yarn in a contrasting colour for the stitches and secure. pompoms (optional) Take the next 6 sts which are held on waste •4 double-pointed needles in a size yarn and transfer to 2 dpns. Cast on 2 sts suitable for the yarn weight you are using cable cast on. Pick up and K 3 sts using. I recommend using needles a from the bottom of the finger you just size or two smaller than the yarn calls worked (11sts). Join to work in the round for, to produce a firm fabric. and work a finger as before. •Toy stuffing Work two more fingers in the same way, •Yarn needle taking 6 sts from those held on waste yarn, •Cardboard (to make pompoms) casting on 2 sts , and picking up 3 sts at the base of the previous finger. For the fifth Instructions finger, do not cast on any sts, instead pick The construction of this pattern is a up 2 sts from the base of finger 1. Weave in little like a glove. ends at the base of fingers as you go Body : Cast on 6 sts using your (making sure they are all woven in before preferred method. Distribute sts over finishing finger 5, as otherwise you will not three double pointed needles and join be able to reach inside the body). to work in the round, being careful not Finish stuffing if necessary. to twist sts. K one round. Sew pompoms onto ends of fingers Increase rounds Round 1 Kfb 6 times (12 sts) Round 2 K Pompoms Round 3 (Kfb, K1) 6 times (18sts) Cut out 2 cardboard rings about 4cm in Round 4 K diameter, with a 1.5cm hole at the centre. Round 5 (Kfb, K2) 6 times (24 sts) Thread yarn through centre hole, around Round 6 K outside of both rings, and through centre Round 7 (Kfb, K3) 6 times (30sts) again. Repeat until cardboard is covered. Round 8 K Snip yarn around outside edge of rings. K 30 rounds Take a short length of yarn and slip it Stuff to just below level of needles. between the two rings. Tie a firm knot and gently tease off the cardboard.