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Raport O Archiwach W Unii Europejskiej Po Rozszerzeniu

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Raport O Archiwach W Unii Europejskiej Po Rozszerzeniu RAPORT O ARCHIWACH W UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ PO ROZSZERZENIU POGŁ ĘBIONA WSPÓŁPRACA ARCHIWALNA W EUROPIE — PLAN DZIAŁANIA WARSZAWA 2011 1 2 RAPORT O ARCHIWACH W UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ PO ROZSZERZENIU POGŁ ĘBIONA WSPÓŁPRACA ARCHIWALNA W EUROPIE — PLAN DZIAŁANIA Opracowany przez Grup ę Ekspertów Krajowych ds. Archiwów Pa ństw Członkowskich Unii Europejskiej oraz Instytucji i Organów UE na zamówienie Rady Unii Europejskiej WARSZAWA 2011 3 Tytuł oryginału opublikowanego przez Komisj ę Europejsk ą w roku 2005: Report on archives in the enlarged European Union. Increased archival cooperation in Europe: action plan. Tłumaczenie: Joanna Szyma ńska Redakcja naukowa, przygotowanie do wydania polskiej wersji Raportu o archiwach w Unii Europejskiej po rozszerzeniu : Andrzej Biernat Władysław St ępniak Violetta Urbaniak Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Pa ństwowych, ul. Rakowiecka 2D, 02–517 Warszawa e-mail: [email protected]; http://www.archiwa.gov.pl 4 Spis tre ści Wprowadzenie do wydania polskiego Wst ęp Zalecenia wykonawcze: Raport o archiwach w Unii Europejskiej po rozszerzeniu __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 1. Organizacja sektora archiwalnego w Europie 1a. Archiwa i instytucje europejskie 1b. Państwowe służby archiwalne w 25 pa ństwach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej 1c. Słu żby archiwalne jako cz ęść administracji publicznej: wzajemne relacje i współpraca 1d. Archiwa prywatne __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 2. Dost ęp do archiwów — aspekt instytucjonalny, techniczny i zawodowy 2a. Prawodawstwo unijne i krajowe zwi ązane z zarz ądzaniem i dost ępem do dokumentów i archiwów 2b. Pomoce archiwalne i opis dokumentów archiwalnych 2c. Dost ęp do dokumentów i archiwów on-line a nowe narz ędzia badawcze 2d. Portal internetowy do dokumentów i archiwów w Europie oraz europejskie projekty internetowe (Internet Gateway ) 2e. Praktyczne aspekty dost ępu: standardy pracowni naukowej 2f. Warto ściowanie i selekcja dokumentów 2g. Zarz ądzanie dokumentacj ą i archiwami __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 3. Rola archiwisty w XXI wieku. Szkolenie i uznanie dyplomów 3a. Rola archiwisty jako stra żnika pami ęci społecze ństwa 3b. Archiwista jako dostarczyciel autentycznych informacji i jego stosunki ze społecze ństwem: promowanie demokracji, odpowiedzialno ści i dobrego rz ądu 3c. Szkolenie archiwistów z naciskiem na przyszłe zadania 3d. Uznanie dyplomów studiów w dziedzinie archiwistyki w Europie 5 __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 4. Ochrona materiałów archiwalnych oraz profilaktyka konserwatorska w archiwach europejskich 4a. Środki zapobiegania zniszczeniom w archiwach, powstałym na skutek kl ęsk żywiołowych i innych katastrof 4b. Ochrona i konserwacja dokumentacji i archiwów 4c. Budynki do celów archiwalnych: standardy i wymagania na poziomie krajowym i europejskim __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 5. Archiwa elektroniczne 5a. Autentyczno ść i przechowywanie w długim czasie dokumentów i archiwów elektronicznych 5b. Współpraca interdyscyplinarna w dziedzinie dokumentów i archiwów elektronicznych: DLM-Forum, normy, najlepsze praktyki __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 6. Plan Działania e-Europy i powi ązane działania na szczeblu europejskim __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 7. Archiwa audiowizualne __________________________________________________________________________ Cz ęść 8. Aneksy 1. Lista ekspertów krajowych oraz przedstawicieli instytucji wspólnotowych i organów uczestnicz ących w przygotowaniu Raportu 2. Inni uczestnicy i eksperci pomocniczy uczestniczący w przygotowaniu Raportu 3. Propozycje działa ń i przyszłe kierunki 4. Wykaz skrótów 6 Wst ęp 1. Rezolucja z 6 maja 2003 r. W zwi ązku z niedawnym rozszerzeniem Unii Europejskiej (UE), w wyniku którego liczba pa ństw członkowskich wzrosła z 15 do 25, oraz wobec szybkich zmian zachodz ących w funkcjonowaniu archiwów w ci ągu ostatnich dziesi ęciu lat, spowodowanych zwłaszcza rozwojem nowych technologii informatycznych, Rada Unii Europejskiej przyj ęła 6 maja 2003 r. Rezolucj ę o archiwach w pa ństwach członkowskich (1) . Rezolucja ta wezwała Komisj ę Europejsk ą do: • Zwołania Grupy Ekspertów Krajowych ds. Archiwów, reprezentuj ących 15 dotychczasowych członków UE oraz 10 pa ństw przyst ępuj ących do UE, w celu zbadania sytuacji archiwów publicznych w Europie; • Przedstawienia Radzie raportu zawieraj ącego zalecenia dotycz ące przyszłej, lepszej współpracy w sprawach archiwów na szczeblu europejskim. Grupa Ekspertów Krajowych licz ąca ok. 50 przedstawicieli z 25 pa ństw członkowskich oraz instytucji i organów UE sporz ądziła Raport o archiwach w rozszerzonej Unii Europejskiej i uzgodniła tre ść Streszczenia wykonawczego raportu w czerwcu 2004 r. Trzy plenarne spotkania Grupy Ekspertów Krajowych maj ące na celu przygotowanie raportu odbyły si ę w Brukseli (14 pa ździernika 2003 r., 17 lutego 2004 r. i 3 czerwca 2004 r.). Na prośbę zgromadzenia plenarnego Grupy Ekspertów Krajowych w okresie od grudnia 2003 do czerwca 2004 r. zorganizowano w Brukseli dodatkowe spotkania dwóch podgrup (roboczej grupy redakcyjnej oraz grupy opracowuj ącej zalecenia dotycz ące lepszej współpracy archiwalnej w Europie). Miały one na celu usprawnienie prac prowadzonych nad raportem oraz zagwarantowanie, by został przygotowany w terminie. Przedstawiciele Komisji przewodniczyli lub współprzewodniczyli zgromadzeniom plenarnym i spotkaniom dodatkowym. Komisja zapewniła obsług ę administracyjn ą obrad. 2. 1991–2004 Rezolucja z 6 maja 2003 r. uwzgl ędnia dotychczasowe działania zwi ązane z archiwami na poziomie europejskim. Z ide ą lepszej współpracy archiwów europejskich wyst ąpiła Holandia w drugiej połowie 1991 r., gdy sprawowała prezydencj ę w Unii Europejskiej. Rezultatem tego wyst ąpienia był pierwszy Raport o archiwach w Unii Europejskiej opublikowany przez Komisj ę Europejsk ą i dobrze przyj ęty przez Rad ę w 1994 r. Nast ępne wnioski Rady z 17 czerwca 1994 r. doprowadziły do wielu wa żnych działa ń, a w szczególno ści do stworzenia europejskiego wielodyscyplinarnego DLM-Forum I, II, III (Bruksela 1996, 1999; Barcelona 2002) po świ ęconego dokumentom elektronicznym i archiwom oraz do powołania 7 INSAR ( Information Summary on Archives ), periodyku zawieraj ącego przegl ąd najnowszych osi ągni ęć w dziedzinie archiwów europejskich. Zarówno INSAR, jak i DLM-Forum s ą inicjatywami Komisji Europejskiej, które zostały rozwini ęte we współpracy z pa ństwami członkowskimi. Podstawowym celem DLM-Forum jest badanie, wspieranie i wdra żanie szerszych form współpracy w dziedzinie dokumentów elektronicznych i archiwów zarówno na szczeblu wspólnotowym, jak i mi ędzy pa ństwami członkowskimi. W śród konkretnych osi ągni ęć DLM-Forum nale ży wymieni ć publikacje materiałów i wniosków DLM-Forum I, II i III ( INSAR European Archives News, Supplement II , 1997; Supplement IV , 2000; Supplement VII , 2002; http://europa.eu.int/historical_archives/dlm_forum); przygotowanie wielodyscyplinarnej instrukcji dotyczącej danych odczytywanych mechanicznie (INSAR , Supplement III , 1997); lepszy dost ęp do informacji elektronicznej dla obywateli: wzajemne relacje mi ędzy administracj ą publiczn ą i słu żbami archiwalnymi w dziedzinie dokumentów elektronicznych i archiwalnego zarz ądzania nimi ( INSAR , Supplement V, 2001); Europejskie wzorcowe wymagania dotycz ące zarz ądzania dokumentacj ą elektroniczn ą (European Model Requirements [MoReq] for the management of electronic records ): Specyfikacje MoReq (MoReq specifications ) ( INSAR , Supplement VI , 2002). Wi ęcej szczegółów dotycz ących trwałych, priorytetowych działa ń DLM-Forum mo żna znale źć w dalszej cz ęś ci tego Raportu (rozdział 5b). Podczas spotkania w Lundzie zorganizowanego 4 kwietnia 2001 r., w okresie szwedzkiej prezydencji, szefowie archiwów narodowych pa ństw członkowskich UE, bior ąc pod uwag ę nowe liczne opracowania po świ ęcone archiwom europejskim, które powstały po ogłoszeniu wspomnianej Rezolucji Rady z 1991 r. oraz Raportu Ekspertów Krajowych z 1994 r. (tzw. Czarna Ksi ęga), jak równie ż kieruj ąc si ę art. 151. traktatu ustanawiaj ącego Wspólnot ę Europejsk ą, dotycz ącym współpracy instytucjonalnej, zaproponowali nowy projekt rezolucji Rady w sprawie lepszej koordynacji spraw zwi ązanych z funkcjonowaniem archiwów w Europie. Projekt ten zmieniano i ulepszano w trakcie nast ępnych spotka ń zorganizowanych w okresie prezydencji Belgii, Hiszpanii, Danii i Grecji oraz doprowadzono do przyj ęcia wy żej wspomnianej Rezolucji Rady z 6 maja 2003 r., a tak że do zako ńczenia w 2005 r. prac nad tym Raportem (patrz punkt 1 powy żej). 3. Tre ść i układ Raportu Zgodnie z Rezolucj ą Rady z 6 maja 2003 r. (por. punkty uchwały 8a–8e i 9) Grupa Ekspertów Krajowych przedyskutowała i uzgodniła tre ść i układ Raportu , który oprócz niniejszego wst ępu i głównego streszczenia składa si ę z nast ępuj ących o śmiu cz ęś ci: • Cz ęść pierwsza (rozdziały 1a–1d) charakteryzuje organizacj ę sektora archiwalnego w Europie , a mianowicie: archiwa i instytucje europejskie, publiczne słu żby archiwalne w 25 pa ństwach członkowskich, wzajemne relacje i współprac ę mi ędzy słu żbami archiwalnymi i administracj ą publiczn ą, archiwa prywatne. • Cz ęść druga (rozdziały 2a–2g) traktuje o instytucjonalnych, technicznych i zawodowych aspektach dost ępu do archiwów . Szczególn
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