Revealing the American West Resource Booklet
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By: Jim Rosenberger
April 2016 Wisconsin’s Chapter ~ Interested & Involved Number 58 During this time in history: (August 1804 - January 1807) (The source for all entries is, "The Journals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition edited by Gary E. Moulton, U. of Nebraska Press, 1983- 2001.) Our journal entries deal with the activities of Expedition member Sgt. Patrick Gass. August 26, 1804, in today’s Clay County, 1804- - - - - - By: Jim Rosenberger- - - - - -1806 South Dakota, by order of Captains Lewis & Clark: “The commanding officers have In the almost three years that Lewis and Clark lead the Corps of Discovery other thought it proper to appoint Patrick Gass, a events were taking place in the United States and in the world; events they did Sergeant in the Corps of Volunteers for the not know about until their return trip to St. Louis; events that would affect the North Western Discovery, he is therefore to world and our newly formed nation. The Corps had essentially had no news be obeyed and respected accordingly. Sgt. Gass is directed to take charge of the late since leaving St. Louis in May of 1804 but on September 3, 1806 that changed. Sgt. Floyd’s mess and immediately to enter At a location described by Gary Moulton as “…particularly vague…it would on the discharge of such other duties as, by seem to have been in Union County, South Dakota or Dakota County, Nebraska, their previous orders been prescribed for the some miles up the Missouri (River) from present Sioux City…” the men met government of the sergeants of this corps…” two boats coming up the Missouri River. -
PRESERVING FOOD on the TRAIL What Did the Corps of Discovery Do with Its Leftovers?
Lewis in Georgia Company Records Patrick Gass Ludwig and Lewis The Official Publication of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. August 2001 Volume 27, No. 3 PRESERVING FOOD ON THE TRAIL What did the Corps of Discovery do with its leftovers? THE SALT MAKERS, BY JOHN CLYMER Boiling seawater for salt on the shores of the Pacific, winter 1806. PLUS: JEFFERSON’S WEST, KAREEM HONORS YORK, AND MORE Contents Letters: Chinook Point; John Ordway; iron boat 2 From the Directors: A special thanks to all 4 Bicentennial Report: Ambrose pledges $1 million 5 Preserving Food on the L&C Expedition 6 What the Corps of Discovery did with its leftovers By Leandra Holland Getting Out the Word 12 Preserving food, p. 6 Patrick Gass’s role in publicizing the expedtion’s return By James J. Holmberg Company Books 18 What they tell us about the Corps of Discovery By Bob Moore Lewis’s Georgia Boyhood 25 His brief but formative sojourn in the Deep South By James P. Hendrix, Jr. Trail Notes: Minimizing impact on Lemhi Pass 29 Reviews: Ronda on Jefferson; the Trail by kayak and mule 30 Jefferson, p. 30 L&C Roundup: Kareem honors York; Chapter News 33 From the Library: New librarian sought 34 Soundings 36 A Lewis & Clark Symphony? By Skip Jackson On the cover We chose The Salt Makers, John Clymer’s dramatic painting of Lewis and Clark’s men making salt under the curious gaze of Pacific Coast Indians, to illustrate Leandra Holland’s story on food preservation (pages 6-11). -
Lewis and Clark Trust a Friends Group for the Trail
JUNE 2013 A NEWSLETTER OF LEWIS anD CLARK NATIOnaL HISTORIC TRAIL Effective Wayshowing Pgs. 4-6 From the Superintendent Where is the Trail? What is the Trail? want to know. But then there are those who want to know exactly where the trail is…meaning where is the path that Lewis and Clark walked on to the Pacific? This is not such an easy question to answer. Part of the difficulty with this question is that with few exceptions we do not really know exactly where they walked. In many cases, some members of the expedition were Mark Weekley, Superintendent on the river in watercraft while others were on land at the same time. This question One of the interesting questions I get from is also problematic because it is often time to time is, “Where is the Trail?” This based in a lack of understanding of what a seems like an easy enough question to National Historic Trail is and how the Lewis answer. My first instinct is to hand someone and Clark expedition moved through the our brochure with a map of the trail on landscape. Some folks have an image of the back, or to simply say the trail runs Lewis and Clark walking down a path single from Wood River, Illinois, to the mouth of file with Sacajawea leading the way. To them the Columbia River on the Oregon Coast. it would seem that the National Historic Sometimes this seems to be all people Trail would be a narrow path which is well 2 defined. If a building or road has been built This raises the obvious question, “What is in this location then “the trail” is gone. -
Corps of Discovery-Lewis and Clark
Corps of Discovery-Lewis and Clark General Grade Level Middle School Author Info Marsha Klosterman Siuslaw Middle School Florence, OR Type of Lesson Document Analysis Duration 2 class periods Interdisciplinary Connections Reading content for information Writing Objectives Overview Students will read Jefferson’s letter to Congress and his letter of instructions to Meriwether Lewis. By skimming for information and answering questions about their reading, they will gain an understanding of events surrounding the planning of the expedition. They will better understand Jefferson’s forward thinking. Prior Knowledge Students should understand the historic background of the Louisiana Territory to understand why the United States wanted to control it. State Standards Oregon State Standards: SS.08.06.02 Trace the route and understand the significance of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. SS.08.SA.01 Clarify key aspects of an event, issue, or problem through inquiry and research. Objectives/Learning Outcomes Students will understand Jefferson’s method of funding the Corps of Discovery Students will understand the goals Jefferson had for Lewis and Clark to accomplish. They will also understand how he was looking forward into the future of the U.S. Students will discover what it takes to outfit such an expedition. Technology Connections/outcomes The lesson can connect to geography, native studies, some math, and reading for understanding and writing. Additional Learning Outcomes Students will answer questons about materials. Essential Questions 1. How much did Jefferson request from Congress to fund the expedition? How much did the expedtition end up costing? 2. Name at least 3 goals of the expedition. -
Analyzing Primary Source Documents to Understand U.S. Expansionism and 19Th Century U.S.-Indian Relations
CURRICULUM CONNECTIONS | UPDATED FALL 2019 54 High School Lesson Analyzing Primary Source Documents to Understand U.S. Expansionism and 19th Century U.S.-Indian Relations Rationale The purpose of this unit is to increase awareness among students about the impact of the Lewis and Clark expedition and westward expansion on the lives of Native Americans. During this investigation, students analyze the letters and speeches of Thomas Jefferson in order to gain an understanding of U.S. objectives for the Lewis and Clark expedition, U.S.-Indian relations and plans for U.S. expansion. Readings about the Doctrine of Discovery and Manifest Destiny extend student learning about the religious and political underpinnings of expansionism. Students are presented with the perspectives of contemporary Native Americans through a speech by Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation and a song by a Cherokee rap artist, and engage in a research project to learn more about contemporary native culture and issues. Objectives Students will increase awareness of the impact of the Lewis and Clark expedition on the lives of Native Americans. Students will analyze primary documents and other texts in order to learn about U.S. expansionism and 19th century U.S.-Indian relations. Students will consider the perspectives of contemporary Native American leaders. Key Words Students will conduct research about contemporary native culture and issues. Bicentennial Commerce Age Range Contemporary Grades 11–12 Doctrine of Discovery Objective Expedition Time Exploitation 1½–2 -
November 1995, Vol. 21 No. 4
The Official Publication of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. Vol. 21, No. 4 November 19 95 I .. ;. THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL HERITAGE FOUNDATION, INC. In this issue- Incorporated 1969 under Missouri General Not-For-Profit Corporation Act IRS Exemption Certificate No. 501 (C)(3)-ldentification No. 51-0187715 • OFFICERS ACTrVE PAST PRESIDENTS Page 4- President Irving W. Anderson Searching for the Invisible: Robert E. Garten. Jr. Pore/and. Oregon 3507 Smoketree Drive Some Efforts to Find Greensboro. NC 274 10 Roberc K. Doerk. Jr. Great Falls. Moncana First Vice President Expedition Camps-Part 2 L. Edwin Wang James R. Fazio Ken Karsmizki 60 13 Sc. johns Avenue Moscow. Idaho Minneapolis. MN 55424-1834 V. Strode Hinds Second Vice President Sioux Cicy. Iowa Page 12- Clyde G. (Sid) Huggins Arlen j . Large 2303 Lakeshore Drive washingcon. D.C. " This Place We Call Mandeville. LA 70448 H. John Montague Council Bluff" Secretary Pore/and. Oregon VS. Hinds Barbara Kubik Donald F. Nell J 712 S. Perry Court Bozeman. Montana Kennewicl\, WA 99337 William P. Sherman Page 13- Treasurer Port land. Oregon H. john Montague Soundscapes~ The Sonic 2928 NW Verde Vista Terrace L. Edwin Wang Portland. OR 97210-3356 Minneapolis. Minnesota Dimensions of the Immediate Past President Wilbur P. Werner Stuart E. Knapp Mesa. Arizona Lewis and Clark Expedition I 31 7 South Black Joseph A. Mussulman Bozeman. MT 59715 DIRECTORS AT LARGE David Borlaug Harry Hubbard Darold W. Jackson James M. Peterson Page 20- \tVashbum. North Dakota Semllc. \tVasl?in9ton Sr. Charles. Missotiri Vennift ion. Soitrh Dakota We Met Them at the Fair Judith Edwards Jane Schmoyer-Weber Philip C. -
Following in Their Footsteps: Creating the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, by Wallace G. Lewis
WashingtonHistory.org FOLLOWING IN THEIR FOOTSTEPS Creating the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail By Wallace G. Lewis COLUMBIA The Magazine of Northwest History, Summer 2002: Vol. 16, No. 2 In May 1961 conservationist and celebrated political cartoonist for the Des Moines Register, J. N. "Ding" Darling, proposed that the Missouri River be incorporated into "a national outdoor recreation and natural resources ribbon along the historic trail of Lewis and Clark." Gravely ill, Darling knew he would not live to see such a project carried out, but he secured banker and fellow conservationist Sherry Fisher's promise to initiate a campaign for it. Darling, who had briefly served President Franklin D. Roosevelt as chief of the Biological Survey, was famous for his syndicated editorial cartoons promoting wildlife sanctuaries and opposing dam construction, particularly on his beloved Missouri River, and had been a major founder of the National Wildlife Federation. Following his friend's death in February 1962, Sherry Fisher helped form the J. N. "Ding" Darling Foundation, which he steered toward creation of a Lewis and Clark trail corridor that would also provide habitat for wildlife. Encouraged by Interior Secretary Stewart Udall, representatives of the foundation, federal agencies, and the states through which the Lewis and Clark trail passed met in Portland, Oregon, in the fall of 1962 to discuss the Darling proposal. Congress approved a trail plan in principle in 1963, and the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation began to study development along a ten-mile corridor for inclusion in a proposed nationwide system of scenic trails. On October 6, 1964, Public Law 88-630 was passed authorizing creation of a Lewis and Clark Trail Commission to promote public understanding of the expedition's historical significance and to review proposals for developing "desirable long-term conservation objectives" and recreation opportunities along its length. -
2010 PRC Req. & Patch
GREAT FALLS PORTAGE COMMORATIVE AWARD PATCH PORTAGE ROUTE CHAPTER LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL HERITAGE FOUNDATION, INC. “The mission of the LCTHF is: As Keepers of the Story – Stewards of the Trail, the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. provides national leadership in maintaining the integrity of the Trail and its story through stewardship, scholarship, education, partnership and cultural inclusiveness.” The Portage Route Chapter supports this mission in the area of the Missouri River in and around Great Falls, Montana. A Memorandum of Understanding between the Boy Scouts of America and the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation was signed on August 6, 2007. The purpose of this memorandum was to establish a general framework for cooperation between the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc., and the Boy Scouts of America. Through this MOU the Foundation and BSA will collaborate on projects and programs that interpret the stories of the Lewis and Clark Expedition and provide stewardship of the Lewis and Clark national Historic Trail. The Lewis and Clark Trail also is an auto route with distinctive road signs that follows the water route taken by the Corps of Discovery, mostly along the Missouri River. In Montana, the Portage Route follows the trail of the expedition from the area of Lower Portage Camp westward to the White Bear Islands and Upper Portage Camp. The Portage Route Chapter wants to inspire the Boy Scouts to learn more about the Lewis and Clark Expedition by offering an embroidered patch. By way of an agreement with the Montana Council, BSA, this patch can be earned by Cub Scouts, Boy Scouts, Varsity Scouts, Explorers and Venture Scouts. -
Grade 05 Social Studies Unit 07 Exemplar Lesson 01: Explore to Expand
Grade 5 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 5 days Grade 05 Social Studies Unit 07 Exemplar Lesson 01: Explore to Expand This lesson is one approach to teaching the State Standards associated with this unit. Districts are encouraged to customize this lesson by supplementing with district-approved resources, materials, and activities to best meet the needs of learners. The duration for this lesson is only a recommendation, and districts may modify the time frame to meet students’ needs. To better understand how your district may be implementing CSCOPE lessons, please contact your child’s teacher. (For your convenience, please find linked the TEA Commissioner’s List of State Board of Education Approved Instructional Resources and Midcycle State Adopted Instructional Materials.) Lesson Synopsis Students learn about the Louisiana Purchase and the expedition led by Lewis and Clark called the Corps of Discovery. Students learn the importance of decision making and problem solving in leadership, as they learn the valuable contributions made by the Corps of Discovery. TEKS The Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) listed below are the standards adopted by the State Board of Education, which are required by Texas law. Any standard that has a strike-through (e.g. sample phrase) indicates that portion of the standard is taught in a previous or subsequent unit. The TEKS are available on the Texas Education Agency website at http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index2.aspx?id=6148. 5.4 History. The student understands political, economic, and social changes that occurred in the United States during the 19th century. -
116 STAT. 3278 PROCLAMATION 7575-Jljne 28, 2002 Lewis and Clark Bicentennial
116 STAT. 3278 PROCLAMATION 7575-JlJNE 28, 2002 Proclamation 7575 of June 28, 2002 Lewis and Clark Bicentennial By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation Nearly 200 years ago, President Thomas Jefferson sent an expedition westward to find and map a transcontinental water route to the Pacific Ocean. With approval from the Congress, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark embarked on their legendary 3-year journey to ex plore the uncharted West. The expedition included 33 permanent party members, known as the Corps of Discovery. Their effort to chart the area between the Missouri River and the Pa cific Coast set these courageous Americans on a remarkable scientific voyage that changed our Nation. In successfully completing the over land journey between the Missouri and Columbia River systems, they opened the unknown West for future development. During their explo ration, Lewis and Clark collected plant and animal specimens, studied Indian cultures, conducted diplomatic councils, established trading re lationships with tribes, and recorded weather data. To accomplish their goals, the Corps of Discovery relied on the assistance and guidance of Sakajawea, a Shoshone Indian woman. As we approach the 200th aimiversary of Lewis and Clark's expedition, we commend their resourcefulness, determination, and bravery. This Bicentennial should also serve to remind us of our Nation's outstand ing natural resources. Many of these treasures first detailed by Lewis and Clark are available today for people to visit, study, and enjoy. As the commemoration of this journey begins in 2003, I encourage all Americans to celebrate the accomplishments of Lewis and Clark and to recognize their contributions to our history. -
Jeffersonian Racism
MALTE HINRICHSEN JEFFERSONIAN RACISM JEFFERSONIAN RACISM Universität Hamburg Fakultät für Wirtschafts - und Sozialwissenschaften Dissertation Zur Erlangung der Würde eines Doktors der Wirtschafts - und Sozialwissenschaften »Dr. phil.« (gemäß der Promotionsordnung v o m 2 4 . A u g u s t 2 0 1 0 ) vorgelegt von Malte Hinrichsen aus Bremerhaven Hamburg, den 15. August 2016 Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Wulf D. Hund Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Olaf Asbach Datum der Disputation: 16. Mai 2017 - CONTENTS - I. Introduction: Studying Jeffersonian Racism 1 II. The History of Jeffersonian Racism 25 1. ›Cushioned by Slavery‹ – Colonial Virginia 30 1.1 Jefferson and his Ancestors 32 1.2 Jefferson and his Early Life 45 2. ›Weaver of the National Tale‹ – Revolutionary America 61 2.1 Jefferson and the American Revolution 62 2.2 Jefferson and the Enlightenment 77 3. ›Rising Tide of Racism‹ – Early Republic 97 3.1 Jefferson and Rebellious Slaves 98 3.2 Jefferson and Westward Expansion 118 III. The Scope of Jeffersonian Racism 139 4. ›Race, Class, and Legal Status‹ – Jefferson and Slavery 149 4.1 Racism and the Slave Plantation 159 4.2 Racism and American Slavery 188 5. ›People plus Land‹ – Jefferson and the United States 211 5.1 Racism and Empire 218 5.2 Racism and National Identity 239 6. ›The Prevailing Perplexity‹ – Jefferson and Science 258 6.1 Racism and Nature 266 6.2 Racism and History 283 IV. Conclusion: Jeffersonian Racism and ›Presentism‹ 303 Acknowledgements 315 Bibliography 317 Appendix 357 I. Introduction: Studying Jeffersonian Racism »Off His Pedestal«, The Atlantic Monthly headlined in October 1996, illustrating the bold claim with a bust of Thomas Jefferson being hammered to the floor. -
The Lewis and Clark Trail
THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL FINAL REPORT of the Lewis and Clark Trail COIIlInission October 1969 THE EMBLEM The emblem on the cover was the Lewis and Clark Trail Commission's official symbol and became the property of the Department of the Interior after the Commission terminated on October 6, 1969. A modification of this mark has been used to identify highways that have been designated by the States as the Lewis and Clark Trail Highway, and on signs that interpret the Trail. Information regarding use of the symbol, u.S. Patent Office Registration Number 877917, may be obtained from the Secretary, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL FINAL REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT AND TO THE CONGRESS The Lewis and Clark Trail Commission October 1969 Dear Mr. President and Members of the Congress: It is with great pleasure that the Lewis and Clark Trail Commission submits its third and final report on the accomplishments made in response to the objectives of Public Law 88-630. Interim reports were submitted October 1966 and June 1968. Congress' mandate to the Commission was to stimulate a creative and viable atmosphere for all agencies and individuals to identify, mark, and preserve for public use and enjoyment the routes traveled by Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. An assignment of this nature is never completed. Yet, by encouraging dialogue and by promoting cooperation and long-range planning, the Commission achieved a new sense of purpose and unity among the States traversed by the two explorers and their men.