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Lewis and Clark Trust a Friends Group for the Trail
JUNE 2013 A NEWSLETTER OF LEWIS anD CLARK NATIOnaL HISTORIC TRAIL Effective Wayshowing Pgs. 4-6 From the Superintendent Where is the Trail? What is the Trail? want to know. But then there are those who want to know exactly where the trail is…meaning where is the path that Lewis and Clark walked on to the Pacific? This is not such an easy question to answer. Part of the difficulty with this question is that with few exceptions we do not really know exactly where they walked. In many cases, some members of the expedition were Mark Weekley, Superintendent on the river in watercraft while others were on land at the same time. This question One of the interesting questions I get from is also problematic because it is often time to time is, “Where is the Trail?” This based in a lack of understanding of what a seems like an easy enough question to National Historic Trail is and how the Lewis answer. My first instinct is to hand someone and Clark expedition moved through the our brochure with a map of the trail on landscape. Some folks have an image of the back, or to simply say the trail runs Lewis and Clark walking down a path single from Wood River, Illinois, to the mouth of file with Sacajawea leading the way. To them the Columbia River on the Oregon Coast. it would seem that the National Historic Sometimes this seems to be all people Trail would be a narrow path which is well 2 defined. If a building or road has been built This raises the obvious question, “What is in this location then “the trail” is gone. -
November 1995, Vol. 21 No. 4
The Official Publication of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. Vol. 21, No. 4 November 19 95 I .. ;. THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL HERITAGE FOUNDATION, INC. In this issue- Incorporated 1969 under Missouri General Not-For-Profit Corporation Act IRS Exemption Certificate No. 501 (C)(3)-ldentification No. 51-0187715 • OFFICERS ACTrVE PAST PRESIDENTS Page 4- President Irving W. Anderson Searching for the Invisible: Robert E. Garten. Jr. Pore/and. Oregon 3507 Smoketree Drive Some Efforts to Find Greensboro. NC 274 10 Roberc K. Doerk. Jr. Great Falls. Moncana First Vice President Expedition Camps-Part 2 L. Edwin Wang James R. Fazio Ken Karsmizki 60 13 Sc. johns Avenue Moscow. Idaho Minneapolis. MN 55424-1834 V. Strode Hinds Second Vice President Sioux Cicy. Iowa Page 12- Clyde G. (Sid) Huggins Arlen j . Large 2303 Lakeshore Drive washingcon. D.C. " This Place We Call Mandeville. LA 70448 H. John Montague Council Bluff" Secretary Pore/and. Oregon VS. Hinds Barbara Kubik Donald F. Nell J 712 S. Perry Court Bozeman. Montana Kennewicl\, WA 99337 William P. Sherman Page 13- Treasurer Port land. Oregon H. john Montague Soundscapes~ The Sonic 2928 NW Verde Vista Terrace L. Edwin Wang Portland. OR 97210-3356 Minneapolis. Minnesota Dimensions of the Immediate Past President Wilbur P. Werner Stuart E. Knapp Mesa. Arizona Lewis and Clark Expedition I 31 7 South Black Joseph A. Mussulman Bozeman. MT 59715 DIRECTORS AT LARGE David Borlaug Harry Hubbard Darold W. Jackson James M. Peterson Page 20- \tVashbum. North Dakota Semllc. \tVasl?in9ton Sr. Charles. Missotiri Vennift ion. Soitrh Dakota We Met Them at the Fair Judith Edwards Jane Schmoyer-Weber Philip C. -
Following in Their Footsteps: Creating the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, by Wallace G. Lewis
WashingtonHistory.org FOLLOWING IN THEIR FOOTSTEPS Creating the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail By Wallace G. Lewis COLUMBIA The Magazine of Northwest History, Summer 2002: Vol. 16, No. 2 In May 1961 conservationist and celebrated political cartoonist for the Des Moines Register, J. N. "Ding" Darling, proposed that the Missouri River be incorporated into "a national outdoor recreation and natural resources ribbon along the historic trail of Lewis and Clark." Gravely ill, Darling knew he would not live to see such a project carried out, but he secured banker and fellow conservationist Sherry Fisher's promise to initiate a campaign for it. Darling, who had briefly served President Franklin D. Roosevelt as chief of the Biological Survey, was famous for his syndicated editorial cartoons promoting wildlife sanctuaries and opposing dam construction, particularly on his beloved Missouri River, and had been a major founder of the National Wildlife Federation. Following his friend's death in February 1962, Sherry Fisher helped form the J. N. "Ding" Darling Foundation, which he steered toward creation of a Lewis and Clark trail corridor that would also provide habitat for wildlife. Encouraged by Interior Secretary Stewart Udall, representatives of the foundation, federal agencies, and the states through which the Lewis and Clark trail passed met in Portland, Oregon, in the fall of 1962 to discuss the Darling proposal. Congress approved a trail plan in principle in 1963, and the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation began to study development along a ten-mile corridor for inclusion in a proposed nationwide system of scenic trails. On October 6, 1964, Public Law 88-630 was passed authorizing creation of a Lewis and Clark Trail Commission to promote public understanding of the expedition's historical significance and to review proposals for developing "desirable long-term conservation objectives" and recreation opportunities along its length. -
Meriwether Lewis the Science of Geology and Lewis and Clark in the Early 1800S
“The object of your mission is to explore the Missouri river, & such principal stream of it, as, by it’s course & communication with the water of the Pacifi c ocean may offer the most direct & practicable water communication across this continent, for the purposes of com- merce. Other objects worthy of notice will be; the soil & face of the country . the animals...the remains or accounts of any which may be deemed . extinct; the mineral productions of every kind; but more particularly metals, limestone, pit coal, & saltpetre, salines & mineral waters, noting the temperature of the last, & such circumstances” Excerpt from instructions written by President Thomas Jefferson to Meriwether Lewis, June 20, 1803 The Science of Geology and Lewis and Clark in the early 1800s The science of Geology was in its infancy at the time of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Neither Lewis nor Clark had any training in geology, mining, or mineralogy. The geologic terms they used, however, reveal much about their understanding (and misunderstanding) of geology. Their journal entries name several rock types: chalk, fl int, fl intstone, freestone, granite, lava, limestone, marble, marl, pumicestone, sandstone, sandrock, slate, slate stone, and slate rock. Generally, the captains identifi ed these rock types correctly – but not always. The captains were acquainted with names of many minerals, nevertheless most of the minerals and salts that they described were identifi ed incorrectly. Lewis and Clark sometimes ascribed colors to rocks that probably resulted from conditions of sunlight, shadow or vegetation rather than to actual color of the rocks themselves. Both captains had a good command of geograph- ic terms and used most of them in their current meaning. -
The Lewis and Clark Trail
THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL FINAL REPORT of the Lewis and Clark Trail COIIlInission October 1969 THE EMBLEM The emblem on the cover was the Lewis and Clark Trail Commission's official symbol and became the property of the Department of the Interior after the Commission terminated on October 6, 1969. A modification of this mark has been used to identify highways that have been designated by the States as the Lewis and Clark Trail Highway, and on signs that interpret the Trail. Information regarding use of the symbol, u.S. Patent Office Registration Number 877917, may be obtained from the Secretary, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL FINAL REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT AND TO THE CONGRESS The Lewis and Clark Trail Commission October 1969 Dear Mr. President and Members of the Congress: It is with great pleasure that the Lewis and Clark Trail Commission submits its third and final report on the accomplishments made in response to the objectives of Public Law 88-630. Interim reports were submitted October 1966 and June 1968. Congress' mandate to the Commission was to stimulate a creative and viable atmosphere for all agencies and individuals to identify, mark, and preserve for public use and enjoyment the routes traveled by Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. An assignment of this nature is never completed. Yet, by encouraging dialogue and by promoting cooperation and long-range planning, the Commission achieved a new sense of purpose and unity among the States traversed by the two explorers and their men. -
National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form 1. Name 2. Location 3. Classification 4. Owner of Property 5
FHH-8-300 (11-78) United States Department off the Interior Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries complete applicable sections 1. Name historic GREAT FALLS PORTAGE NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK and/or common 2. Location street & number not for publication Second city, town Great Falls vicinity of congressional district Cascade 013 state Montana CQde 30 county code 3. Classification Category Ownership Stai bus Present Use X district public ** .occupied xx agriculture museum «V"-M* building(s) private xx 4inoccupied commercial .sVjEV ttflfitf structure ^^ both work in progress educational xx private residence site Public Acquisition Ace essible entertainment religious object in process xx yes: restricted government scientific being considered yes: unrestricted industrial transportation no military xx oi.hei.'. cemetery 4. Owner of Property name Office of the Mayor/ State Department of Fish and Game/multiple private and public ownership street & number city, town vicinity of state 5. Location of Legal Description courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Cascade County Courthouse street & number city, town Great Falls, state Montana 6. Representation in Existing Surveys NONE title has this property been determined elegible? __ yes no date federal state county local depository for survey records city, town state 7. Description Condition Check one Check one excellent deteriorated unaltered xx original site ** flood ruins altered moved dpte fair unexposed Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance Lewis and Clark were probably the first white men to view the Great Falls of the Missouri, the fourteen-mile stretch of falls and rapids where the river drops 520 feet over five great rock shelves and the river channel rushes between 200 foot high canyon-like walls. -
RFP) Preparation of a Feasibility Study for National Heritage Area Designation for the Upper Missouri River Area
REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS (RFP) Preparation of a Feasibility Study for National Heritage Area Designation for the Upper Missouri River Area Upper Missouri River Heritage Area Planning Corporation, Inc. PO Box 1323 Great Falls, MT 59403 Tel. (406) 454-6814, Chairman Jane Weber Table of Contents Section Page A. UMRHAPC Mission 1 B. UMRHAPC Themes 1 C. UMRHAPC Proposed Boundary 1 D. Purpose and Description of Services 2 E. Scope of Work 2 F. Minimum Qualifications for Bidders 6 G. Proposal Requirements 6 1. Letter of Interest 6 2. Table of Contents 6 3. Statement of Qualifications 6 4. Technical Approach/Work Plan 7 5. References 7 6. Required Attachments 7 7. Cost Proposal 7 H. General Information 7 1. Time Schedule 7 2. Contact for Questions 8 3. Selection Criteria 8 4. Proposal Evaluation Process 8 5. Scoring System 9 6. Submission of Proposal 10 7. Notice to Proceed/Contract Amendments 11 8. Disposition of Proposals 11 Attachments 1. Required Attachment Checklist A-1 2. Bidder Technical Approach/Work Plan A-2 3. Bid/Bidder Certification Sheet A-3 4. Cost Proposal Worksheet A-4 5. Bidder References A-6 6. Non-Disclosure Statement A-8 Addendums 1. Addendum 1: Map of the Proposed NHA Addendum 1 2. Addendum 2: Proposed Themes for the NHA Addendum 2-7 ________________________________________________________ RFP for Feasibility Study: Upper Missouri River NHA Designation July 2017 Page 1 of 11 INTRODUCTION The Upper Missouri River Heritage Area Planning Corporation, Inc. (UMRHAPC) is seeking qualified consultants to prepare a Feasibility Study in compliance with National Park Service (NPS) standards to demonstrate to Congress the national significance of the Upper Missouri River Area landscape and its worthiness for designation as a National Heritage Area (NHA). -
Revealing the American West Resource Booklet
Resource Booklet 1 Lewis and Clark: The Corps of Discovery To the Teacher… This booklet was created by Teaching with To access items in this booklet visit Primary Sources at Eastern Illinois University www.eiu.edu/~eiutps for links to the bibliography (www.eiu.edu/~eiutps) as a companion to the page of each at the Library of Congress website. EIU TPS website. The booklet features You may also locate them on the WWW by information and images of digitized primary entering the URL provided in the citation page at sources from the Library of Congress American the end of the booklet. This will take you to a Memory Collection that you may wish to use in descriptive page for the item which also your classroom. These images were selected for identifies the host collection - CHECK OUT THE their relevance and as a means to intrigue REST OF THE COLLECTION!! We hope you students and encourage inquiry. American find this booklet helpful. Memory (www.memory.loc.gov/ammem) is a multimedia web site of digitized historical documents, photographs, sound recordings, moving pictures, books, pamphlets, maps, and other resources from the Library of Congress’s Please feel free to print and share with vast holdings. colleagues and contact us with questions, comments or ideas! Why Teach with Primary Sources? For years historians and educators have understood the value of primary sources in K-12 education. 1. Primary sources expose students to multiple perspectives on great issues of the past and present. History, after all, deals with matters furiously debated by participants. -
Helena and Lewis & Clark National Forests Forest Plan Assessment
Helena and Lewis & Clark National Forests Forest Plan Assessment Chapter 11, Cultural and Historical Resources and Uses 2015 Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Cultural and Historical Context .................................................................................................................. 1 Existing Information ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Existing Condition ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Cultural Resources Listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) ........................................... 5 Traditional Cultural Properties (TCP) and National Historic Trails ............................................................. 6 Priority Heritage Assets .............................................................................................................................. 7 Cultural Resource Types and Historic Themes of the Plan Area ................................................................ 8 Contributions to Ecological, Social, or Economic Sustainability ................................................................. 9 Continued Uses of Cultural Resources ...................................................................................................... -
A PDF Version
I Great Falls, Montana has the lowest average airfares in Montana, and is Great Falls, Montana is in the Northern and Western hemispheres, located at the Intersection of Interstate HWY 15 and State HWY 200. receiving all four seasons of Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter! Temperatures vary by season as well, with average highs and lows CALGARY ranging. 319 miles \ ~ --~ FAHRENHEIT ~ HIGH IJ~: IF:: IM4:R I~RIM~ v I J~t IJ: 3L IA~; Is7E: Ios:T IN:3v ID 3Et SEATTLE MINNEAPOUS 670miles 967 miles LOW 15 16 23 31 39 46 51 SO 42 33 23 15 SPOKANE 364 miles CELSIUS JAN IFEB IMARI APRI MAY IJUN 'I JULIAUG ISEP IOCTi NOV IDEC HIGH 1.9 3.5 7.7 13.1 18.2 22.9 28.6 27.9 21 .31°14.3 6.3 1.4 LOW I-9.5 -8.7 -5.2 -.8 3.7 7 .8 10.8 10.2 5.6 4 -4.8 -9.5 'Data from US Climate » MONTANA'S Museum Capital SALT LAKE CITY » MONTANA'S Only City on the Missouri River 571 miles DENVER 770mlles » MONTANA'S Lowest Average Airfares » MONTANA'S Best Irish Pub » MONTANA'S Only live Mermaids » MONTANA'S Only City with 5 Falls ~ DELTA UNITED~ ~.,fg allegiant » MONTANA'S Most Visited State Park » MONTANA'S Best Coffee Shop Great Falls is serviced by Alaska Airlines, Delta, United and » NORTH AMERICA'S Largest Buffalo Jump Allegiant Air with direct flights from Salt Lake City, Denver, » NORTH AMERICA'S Largest Lewis & Cl ark Corps of Discovery Exhibit Minneapolis, Chicago (seasonally), Seattle, Phoenix & Las Vegas. -
Brief of Petitioner for PPL Montana V. Montana, 10-218
NO. 10-218 In the Supreme Court of the United States ________________ PPL MONTANA, LLC, Petitioner, V. STATE OF MONTANA, Respondent. ________________ On Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of the State of Montana ________________ BRIEF OF PROFESSORS JOHN L. ALLEN, DAVID M. EMMONS, GARY E. MOULTON, THOMAS J. NOEL, CHARLES E. RANKIN, CARLOS A. SCHWANTES, AND DAVID M. WROBEL AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONER Robert R. Gasaway Counsel of Record Michael A. Petrino Stephen S. Schwartz KIRKLAND & ELLIS LLP 655 Fifteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 [email protected] (202) 879-5000 Counsel for Amici Curiae September 7, 2011 i QUESTION PRESENTED Were the upper Missouri, Clark Fork, and Madison Rivers commercially navigable at the time of Montana’s statehood? ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page QUESTION PRESENTED ...................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................... ii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES .................................. iv INTEREST OF AMICI CURIAE ............................ 1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ........................................................... 5 ARGUMENT ........................................................... 7 THE RELEVANT REACHES OF THE UPPER MISSOURI, MADISON, AND CLARK FORK RIVERS WERE NOT NAVIGABLE AT THE TIME OF MONTANA’S STATEHOOD. ........ 7 A. The Journals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, Among Other Sources, Show That the Missouri River Was Not Navigable Upstream of the Great Falls. ........... 8 1. The Lewis & Clark expedition found the Missouri River impossible to navigate upstream of the Great Falls. ........................ 9 2. Other sources confirm that the Missouri River was not navigable upstream of the Great Falls. ........................................... 12 3. The Montana Supreme Court’s secondary sources evidencing navigability are not historically reliable. ....................................................... 16 B. The Clark Fork and Madison Rivers Were Not Navigable. -
Montana Oil and Mining Journal (Great Falls, Mont.), 1942-06-27, [P
HHHI ■■■■ PAGE SIX MONTANA OIL AND MINING JOURNAL Saturday, June 27, 1942 BEST COMMANDOS Grass Conservation Pooling of Deliveries Saves Farmers' Tires Offices to Be Moved Classified Advertisements Offices of the Mem tana grass con ARE BOY SCOUTS, If fi servation commission will be moved ♦- from Helena to Miles City for the os- SAYS INSTRUCTOR t i suing year to curtail travel from gras- Jonestown, ■ in g» districts to the state office and BO-KO Mississippi Agents Wanted KNOW HOW TO TAKE CAKE OF PBACfl«« thus conserve rubber and gasoline, the THEMSELVES AND LIVE ! commission decided at its annual Trees - Sprouts - Weeds - Grass TIRE' WORRIES ENDED A new plastic meeting at Helena. SEND FOR I doubles mileage, prevent! punctures, old OFF THE LAND i J or new tires. Trial offer two tires tl. Agent* s Members explained that most of the DETAILS KILLS »anted. Self Seal Mfg. Co,. 1108 Wert Lake American and Canadian Boy Scouts I ef work of the commission for the next St.. Minneapolis, Minn. make the best commandos, in the year would be in the Miles City area n , opinion of MaJ. J. S. P. Armstrong, and emphasised that the transfer Is Beauty Culture Schools chief of the school to produce com for the coming year only. Commission For Sale mandos for the Canadian army. iü offices were established in Helena Major Armstrong, 6 foot 2 son of a about a year ago. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES Quaker-American mother and himself The commission retained J. B. AUTO CAMP Ideal. Sacrifice account sick- j ATTENTION! a former Toronto Insurance salesman.