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New Species of Ashmeadiella Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Mexico

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New Species of Ashmeadiella Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Mexico See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306012496 New species of Ashmeadiella Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Mexico Chapter · September 2015 CITATIONS READS 0 53 3 authors: Ricardo Ayala Terry Griswold Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México United States Department of Agriculture 104 PUBLICATIONS 656 CITATIONS 138 PUBLICATIONS 1,938 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Carlos Hernan Vergara Universidad de las Americas Puebla 46 PUBLICATIONS 1,238 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Libro Abejas sin Aguijón de Costa Rica View project Biodiversidad de abejas de México y estado de conservación. View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ricardo Ayala on 11 August 2016. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Abstract: Two new species endemic to Mexico are described and illustrat- ed: Ashmeadiella (Ashmeadiella) danuncia n. sp. and A. (A.) mandibularis n. sp. !ese species are most frequently found visiting "owers of Cactaceae, although they have also been collected on "owers of Acacia, Prosopis, Lope- zia, Dalea and Bidens. Ashmeadiella mandibularis is restricted to areas with xerophytic vegetation, as well as to the transition to tropical deciduous for- est in Morelos, Oaxaca and Puebla; A. danuncia occurs in pine forests and pine-oak forests in the western region of the Transverse Volcanic Belt, in Jalisco and Michoacan. Keywords: Ashmeadiella, new species, Megachilidae, Mexico, Osmiini, Taxo- nomy. Resumo: Descrevem e ilustram-se duas novas espécies endêmicas do Mé- xico, Ashmeadiella (Ashmeadiella) danuncia n. sp. e A. (A.) mandibularis n. sp. Estas são visitantes frequentes de "ores de cactáceas, mas também têm sido coletadas visitando "ores de Acacia, Prosopis, Lopezia, Dalea e Bidens. A Ashmeadiella mandibularis está presente em áreas com vegetação xérica e na transição desta com o bosque tropical caducifólio nos estados de Morelos, Oaxaca e Puebla; a A. danuncia está presente em áreas com bosque de pínus e pino-encino no extremo oeste do Cinto Vulcânico Transversal em Jalisco e Michoacán. Palavras-chave: Ashmeadiella, novas espécies, Megachilidae, México, Osmiini, Taxonomia. 1 Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Apartado Postal 21, 48980 San Patricio, Jalisco, México. E-mail: rayala@ ib.unam.mx. 2 USDA-ARS, Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5310, USA. E-mail: [email protected]. 3 Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas, Puebla. Ex -Hacienda Santa Catarina Mártir, 72820 Cholula, Puebla, Mexico. E-mail: [email protected]. !e bee genus Ashmeadiella Cockerell (Megachilidae: Osmiini) is found in western North America from Canada to Guatemala and the Yucat- an Peninsula (Michener 2007, Enríquez et al. 2012). !e genus was revised by Michener (1939). Currently, #ve subgenera are recognized: Arogochila Michener, Ashmeadiella Cockerell (s. str.), Chilosima Michener, Cubitogna- tha Michener, and Isosmia Michener (Michener 2007). !e 58 described species (Ascher & Pickering 2012) are especially abundant in xeric regions, rare in the tropics and in eastern North America. !ese bees are small, robust and heriadiform, generally black or with red metasoma and with tergal bands of pale pubescence. !e anterior surface of the #rst metasomal tergum is concave and delimited by a carina almost as in Heriades and the omaulus is carinate. Males are readily recognized by the presence of four teeth on T6. !ese bees nest in preformed burrows in stems, other small cavities and also in snail shells (Michener et al. 1994). Ayala et al. (1996) reported 34 species of Ashmeadiella for Mexico, concentrated in the north- western part of the country. Only two species are known from the central and southern states: A. (Arogochila) clypeodentata Michener (Puebla) and A. (Ashmeadiella) bequaerti Cockerell (Yucatan). Herein, we describe two new central Mexican species placed in the subgenus Ashmeadiella. Some of the specimens used for the description of the new species report- ed here were collected during #eldwork at Zapotitlán de las Salinas (Puebla, Mexico) associated with a faunistic survey of the bees of that region (Vergara & Ayala 2002). Additional specimens came from the following Insect Collec- tions: Chamela Field Station, Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico; Division of Entomol- ogy, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA; USDA-ARS Bee Bi- ology and Systematics Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA and Entomological Collection, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Cholula, Puebla, Mexico. Morphological terminology for the description follows that proposed by Michener (2007). We use Michener & Fraser (1978) for mandibular terminol- ogy. !e following abbreviations are used in the descriptions: "agellar segment (F), metasomal tergum (T), metasomal sternum (S) and ocellar diameter (OD). Measurements are given for the holotype specimen, with the observed range among paratypes or additional specimens following in parentheses. Specimens were examined and measured using a Leica MZ6 dissection microscope and ocular micrometer. Photomicrographs of the bees, genitalia and sterna, were taken using an Olympus SZH dissecting microscope with a Nikon Coolpix 990 digital camera attached to it. [zoobank.org:act:7F691D0C-A114-4144-9C70-B94AE9D0E029] (Figures 1-8) Females of Ashmeadiella (Ashmeadiella) danuncia n. sp. can be easi- ly separated from other species by the characteristic shape of the clypeus, which is wide and strongly projected and has a strong, conspicuous de- pression medially that reaches the ventral margin, forming a medioapical notch; the clypeus also has lateral depressions dorsally; the raised ventro- lateral area has irregular oblique ridges (Fig. 1). Another distinctive feature is the wide mandibles, with the outer ridge very prominent, similar to that found in A. chumashae Griswold, A. opuntiae (Cockerell) and A. vandykiella Michener, from the southwestern USA and northern México. Further, the propodeal triangle has reticulated dull integument and irregular grooves at the top margin. Males may be distinguished from other species by the shape of the clypeal margin with its pair of submedial projections forming a distinctive medial notch, as occurs in A. biscopula Michener and A. van- dykiella (neither of which occurs in the range of A. danuncia), by the la- brum scarcely narrowed distally, densely punctate throughout (A. biscopula and A. vandykiella narrowed distally and impunctate apicolaterally), by the dull propodeal triangle similar to the propodeum of the female, and by the shape of the teeth on T6, with the middle two short and the space between them wider than long. Figures 1-8 – Ashmeadiella danuncia n. sp. Female: 1, ventral half of face, high- lighting clypeal margin; 2, mandible. Male: 3, mandible; 4, ventral half of face, highlighting clypeal margin; 5, teeth of T6; 6, S7; 7, S8; 8, genitalia, dorsal view (in Figs. 1 and 4 with pubescence removed). Female Holotype (RA103): Body length: 7.04 mm; forewing length: 4.86 mm; general color black with whitish pubescence. Head: Width=length (2.48 mm); mandible with three teeth (Fig. 2), apical tooth largest; distance between apical and subapical teeth shorter than distance between subapical and inner teeth; angle between apical and subapical teeth well de#ned but not deep, closer to subapical tooth; subapical and inner teeth similar in size, smaller than apical tooth; condylar ridge elevated along margin, arc shaped; acetabular interspace, between acetabulum and apical and inner teeth, wide, with integument dull, whitish pubescence on basal half, yellow- ish on apical; outer interspace with brown-reddish pubescence apically; outer groove reaching apical tooth base; strong acetabular carina (especially at base) continued up to base of inner tooth; trimma wide all entire distance to base of pollex with integument smooth and shiny. Basal half of labrum concave, distal half with converging lateral margins, distal margin notched. Clypeus wider than long, quite prominent, with depression at middle towards ventral margin and depression along upper lateral margin, de#ning a raised inverted Y-shaped area on clypeus; ventral margin with notch medially, laterally with lateral angles not projected, only slightly prominent with integument shiny; ventrolateral area with oblique, irregular ridges, on rest strongly punctured (Fig. 1); clypeus with pubescence scarce, hairs long on lateral margins and lower paraocular area. Interantennal area produced as continuation of clypeus, punctation similar to clypeus, but punctures more rounded and coarser than on frontal area; lower margin with pair of convergent tufts of brown reddish pubescence and line of short pubescence with similar color in middle; malar area very narrow; inner paraocular margin with carina almost reaching upper extreme of inner ocular margin; antennal alveoli set at ocular mid length; interantennal distance (0.74 mm) twice antennalocular distance; vertex elevated above upper ocular margin, pubescence scarce; interocellar distance shorter than ocellocular distance (0.35 mm: 0.45 mm); distance between anterior and lateral ocelli shorter than OD (0.22 mm: 0.13 mm); distance between posterior ocelli and upper
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