DOCSLIB.ORG

Promoting Public Awareness on the Existing Cultural

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Promoting Public Awareness on the Existing Cultural View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Library of Open University of Tanzania PROMOTING PUBLIC AWARENESS ON THE EXISTING CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM SITES: A CASE OF DAR ES SALAAM CITY RAHEL LUCAS KISUSI A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN TOURISM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA 2014 ii CERTIFICATION I, the undersigned certify that I have read and hereby recommends for acceptance by the Open University of Tanzania, a dissertation entitled, “Promoting Public Awareness on the Existing Cultural Heritage Tourism Sites: A Case of Dar es Salaam City” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for award of the degree of Masters of Arts in Tourism Planning and Management of the Open University of Tanzania. ………………………………….. Dr. Athumani S. Samzugi (Supervisor) ………………………………….. Date iii COPYRIGHT This dissertation is a copyright material protected under the Berne Convention, the copyright Act of 1999 and other International and National enactments, in that behalf, an intellectual property. It may not be reproduced by any means, in full or in part, except for short extracts in fair dealing, for research or private study, critical scholarly review or discussion with acknowledgement, without permission of the Director of Postgraduate studies, on behalf of both the author and the Open University of Tanzania. iv DECLARATION I, Rahel Lucas Kisusi, do hereby declare that this dissertation Promoting Public Awareness on the Existing Cultural Heritage Tourism In Dar es Salaam City is my own original work, and that it has not been submitted for a similar degree in any other University. .......................................... Signature .......................................... Date v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Accomplishing this dissertation would not have been possible without efforts and support from several individuals. First and far most sincere gratitude is due to our God the Almighty, who is not only the Creator of all that is in the heaven and on earth. Second, profound gratitude is due to Dr. Athumani Samzugi of the Open University of Tanzania for supervising me. I greatly benefited from his guidance, encouragement, constructive criticism, patience and trust. I feel to have been privileged to work under his supervision. I extend thanks to my family members, starting with my father Lucas Kisusi and my mother Tabitha Dossa, for their immense sacrifice as well as persistent assistance towards my education. Others are families of Mzee Stanley Masele, Mr.Elia Kalinga and Dr. Noah Makula. Last but not least; I extend sincere gratitude to my husband Dr. James Juma Masele for his priceless encouragement and support financially as well as academically. To our children, Stanley, Faith, Ebenezer and Godbless, the role they played in supporting this work is priceless. There is no real good word to say, than “God bless you, as your labour is not in vain”. vi ABSTRACT This study was designed to identify and assess means and ways to promote public awareness on the existing cultural heritage tourism sites in Dar es Salaam City. Specifically, it sought to assess extent to which available heritage assets were known to general public; to identify means used to promote public awareness on the existing cultural heritage assets; to assess the effectiveness of public awareness creation strategies on available heritage assets; and to examine environment suitable to support public awareness campaigns on heritage assets. To do so, questionnaire was administered to 54 community members and 20 tourists conveniently chosen, while interview was conducted to 10 key informants from responsible institutions. Findings show that most of the cultural heritage assets were known in general but only few of the places were known as cultural heritage tourism sites. Main source of knowledge for majority was informal education and training programs in schools, colleges and universities. Moreover, mass media was considered as main means of promoting cultural heritage tourism.. However, public awareness creation strategies on available heritage assets were considered somehow effective as some sources which could be useful were inadequately accessible. Emphasized environment for public awareness aspects include support in terms of funding, suitable heritage tourism policies, making cultural heritage a priority by responsible authorities, and government prioritization in budgeting and organization of cultural heritage related things. It was also called for sponsored workshops and trainings, establishment of cultural tourism centre, provision of free visits, and provision of cultural heritage awareness campaigns in schools, colleges and universities in order to impart public awareness on cultural heritage tourism. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION ..................................................................................................... ii COPYRIGHT ............................................................................................................ iii DECLARATION ....................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................ xiv CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................ 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem.................................................................................... 5 1.3 Research Objective ............................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 Main Objective .................................................................................................... 6 1.3.2 Specific Objectives.............................................................................................. 6 1.4 Research Questions ............................................................................................. 7 1.5 Significance of the Study .................................................................................... 7 1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study ..................................................................... 8 1.7 Definitions of Key Terms and Concepts ............................................................ 8 1.7.1 Cultural Heritage Sites ........................................................................................ 8 1.7.2 Cultural Heritage Tourism .................................................................................. 9 1.7.3 Public Awareness ................................................................................................ 9 1.8 Thesis Structure .................................................................................................. 9 viii CHAPTER TWO ..................................................................................................... 11 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................. 11 2.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Importance of Cultural Heritage Tourism ........................................................ 11 2.3 Classification of Cultural Heritage tourism ...................................................... 13 2.4 Cultural Heritage Sites in Tanzania .................................................................. 14 2.5 Importance of Cultural Heritage Tourism in Urban Areas ............................... 15 2.6 Role of Public Awareness on Cultural Heritage Tourism Growth ................... 17 2.7 Models and Theories of Communication and Social Change Marketing ......... 18 2.7.1 AIDA Model ..................................................................................................... 19 2.7.2 AKAP Sequence................................................................................................ 20 2.7.3 Lasswell Model of Communication.................................................................. 20 2.8 Strategies for Promoting Public Awareness ..................................................... 22 2.9 Effective Public Awareness Creation for Cultural Heritage Tourism in Cities 26 2.10 Enabling Environment for Public Awareness Campaigns for Cultural Heritage Tourism Growth ................................................................................. 28 2.11 Synthesis on the Nexus Between Public Awareness Raising and Cultural Heritage Tourism Growth ................................................................................. 29 CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................................. 31 3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Thematic Atlas of Nature's Benefits to Dar Es Salaam
    A Thematic Atlas of Critical reasons for greening the Nature’s Benefits to city and for keeping urban and Dar es Salaam peri-urban ecosystems intact Published by Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ 04318 Leipzig, Germany ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability – Africa Secretariat 7441 Cape Town, South Africa Suggested citation: Karutz R., Berghöfer A., Moore L.R., and van Wyk, E. (2019). A Thematic Atlas of Nature’s Benefits to Dar es Salaam. Leipzig and Cape Town: Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research and ICLEI Africa Secretariat. 78 pages. Disclaimer: These maps do not constitute any official position with regard to any territorial issues, or ongoing disputes. Where possible, official map and data have been used. However, the resulting thematic maps do not represent public decisions on private or public space. The maps are intended as guidance and stimulus for public debate on the future spatial development of Dar es Salaam. Aerial pictures on cover page, back page and chapter headings: Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlements Developments (MLHHSD), 2016. Orthophoto of Dar es Salaam. The Dar es Salaam City Council expressed the need for, and initiated the development of, this Thematic Atlas as a tool to support the strategic prioritisation around greening for improved wellbeing of Dar es Salaam‘s citizens. The Thematic Atlas is acknowledged and supported by the following national Ministries of Tanzania: The President’s Office: Regional Administration and Local Government, The Ministry of Lands, Housing
    [Show full text]
  • Interests and Challenges Behind Ruaha National Park Expansion
    Sirima, A Protected Areas, Tourism and Human Displacement in Tanzania: Interests and Challenges behind Ruaha National Park Expansion Sirima, A Protected Areas, Tourism and Human Displacement in Tanzania: Interests and Challenges behind Ruaha National Park Expansion Agnes Sirima 820408 764 110 MSc. Leisure, Tourism and Environment SAL 80433 Examiners: Dr. René van der Duim Dr. Martijn Duineveld Socio-Spatial Analysis Chair Group Environmental Science Department Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands Submitted: August, 2010 Sirima, A Acknowledgement I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to the following people who made the completion of this thesis possible. First and foremost to Almighty God for his guidance and strength, this kept me strong and focused throughout the entire time of thesis writing. I am heartily thankful to my supervisors; Dr. René van der Duim and Dr. Martijn Duineveld, whose encouragement, support and guidance from the initial to the final level of this thesis have enabled me to develop an understanding of the subject. I am also thankful for their patience and knowledge while allowing me the room to work in my own way. I offer my deepest gratitude to my family for their unflagging love and support during my studies. A special thanks to my parents, Mr and Mrs Anthony Sirima, for their moral and spiritual support which have strengthened me to the end of my thesis and the entire journey of two years abroad. I am grateful for them not only for bringing me up, but also for devoting their time to take care of my son during my studies.
    [Show full text]
  • DAR ES SALAAM Plane Rideaway
    © Lonely Planet Publications 84 Dar es Salaam DAR ES SALAAM DAR ES SALAAM With a population of almost three million and East Africa’s second-largest port, Dar es Salaam is Tanzania’s major centre and capital in everything but name (Dodoma is the parliamentary capital). Yet under its veneer of urban bustle, the city remains a down-to-earth, manageable place, with a picturesque seaport, a fascinating mixture of African, Arabic and Indian influ- ences and close ties to its Swahili roots. While there aren’t many ‘sights’ as such, there are craft markets, shops and restaurants enough to keep most visitors busy. The streets, too, are full of colour and activity, as men weave through traffic on large Chinese-made single-speed bicycles, while women clad in brightly hued kangas (printed cotton wraparounds worn by many Tanzanian women) stand in the shade of government office blocks balancing trays of bananas and mangoes on their heads. Along the waterfront, colonial-era buildings with their red-tiled roofs jostle for space with sleek, modern high-rises, massive ocean liners chug into the harbour and peacocks stroll across the leafy, manicured State House grounds. An increasing number of travellers bypass ‘Dar’ completely, by taking advantage of one of the many international flights into Kilimanjaro International Airport (between Arusha and Moshi). Yet the city merits a visit in its own right as Tanzania’s political and economic hub. It’s also an agreeable place to break your travels elsewhere in the country, with an array of services and well-stocked shops. For a break from the bustle, there are easily accessed beaches and islands just north and south of town, and Zanzibar is only a short ferry or plane ride away.
    [Show full text]
  • SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: the CASE of TANZANIA Susan Slocum Clemson University, [email protected]
    Clemson University TigerPrints All Dissertations Dissertations 5-2010 SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF TANZANIA Susan Slocum Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations Part of the Regional Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Slocum, Susan, "SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF TANZANIA" (2010). All Dissertations. 544. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/544 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF TANZANIA ____________________________________________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University ____________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management ____________________________________________________ by Susan L. Slocum May 2010 ____________________________________________________ Accepted by: Dr. Kenneth Backman, Committee Chair Dr. Elizabeth Baldwin Dr. Robert Powell Dr. James Burns ABSTRACT This dissertation‟s objective is to understand the constraints to economic participation by indigenous Tanzanians living in and around current and/or future tourism destinations. Using qualitative
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Policy and Strategies in Tanzania 1.0. Introduction
    TOURISM POLICY AND STRATEGIES IN TANZANIA 1.0. INTRODUCTION The United Republic of Tanzania is the 2nd largest country in the SADC Region and the 1st biggest in East Africa. It lies in the east coast of Africa between Latitudes 1 and 11 degrees South of the Equator. It covers 945,234 square Kilometres comprising Mainland and the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba. The estimated population of Tanzania for the year 1998 was 29.9 Million with an annual growth rate of 2.8% per year. The country has tropical climate with average temperatures of between 25 and 30degree Celsius. Long rains last from March to May, short rains from October to December with some heavy showers in the south and Southern Highlands from December to April. The central plateau is dry and arid with hot days and cool nights, while the northwest highlands are cool and temperate. Coastal areas are hot and humid although sea breezes cool the area pleasantly between June and September. Tanzanians are well known for their hospitality, open and jovial sense of humour, friendly approach and generosity to foreigners. The people are endowed with a wealth of culture, history and artistic talent that has put Tanzania on the world map as one of the leading nation in that respect. The Government of Tanzania views tourism as a significant industry in terms of job creation, poverty alleviation, and foreign exchange earnings. Tourism today is receiving a greater attention than ever before from international development agencies and from national Tourism Policy and Strategies in Tanzania Page 1 of 14 governments.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Development in the East Africa Community Region
    Clemson University TigerPrints All Dissertations Dissertations May 2019 Tourism Development in the East Africa Community Region: Why Is Tourism Development a Shared Agenda Among Only Some EAC Countries? Carmen Nibigira Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations Recommended Citation Nibigira, Carmen, "Tourism Development in the East Africa Community Region: Why Is Tourism Development a Shared Agenda Among Only Some EAC Countries?" (2019). All Dissertations. 2356. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2356 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE EAST AFRICA COMMUNITY REGION: WHY IS TOURISM DEVELOPMENT A SHARED AGENDA AMONG ONLY SOME EAC COUNTRIES? A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management by Carmen Nibigira May 2019 Accepted by: Dr. Sheila J. Backman, Committee Chair Dr. Brett A. Wright, Committee Co-Chair Dr. Bruce Ransom Dr. Kenneth F. Backman Dr. Harold Cheatham ABSTRACT Marketing and developing tourism within regional economic blocs is a growing phenomenon at a time when globalization is at the center stage of geopolitics, trade wars, and scientific revolutions. However, this development is occurring haphazardly, with little attention to managing existing socioeconomic inequalities and differing political interests among member states. This absence heightens the need for a shared tourism agenda among member states.
    [Show full text]
  • From Nature Tourism to Ecotourism? the Case of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania Susan Charnley
    Human Organization, Vol. 64, No. 1,2005 Copyright O 2005 by the Society for Applied Anthropology 00 18-7259/05/010075-14$1.90/1 From Nature Tourism to Ecotourism? The Case of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania Susan Charnley This paper examines what is needed to transform nature tourism to protected areas into ecotourism, having genuine social benefits and serving as a tool for sustainable community development. It draws on the case of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania's most visited protected area, and a multiple land use zone inhabited by the pastoral Maasai peoples. I argue that for ecotourism to promote sustainable development in communities that are its supposed beneficiaries, three fundamental conditions must be met. First, opportunities to capture the economic benefits of tourism must be structured in a way that is culturally appropriate, and therefore accessible to the target population. Second, for communities to benefit from ecotourism, they need secure land tenure over the area in which it takes place, as well as the ability to make land use decisions for that area. Third, tourism benefits to local communities must be more than economic; they must promote deeper social and political justice goals that, if left unaddressed, restrict peoples' ability to enjoy the economic benefits of tourism. Without these elements, the conservation outcomes of ecotourism are likely to be less favorable. Key words: ecotourism, sustainable development, Maasai, Ngorongoro Introduction upon criteria or standards for ecotourism, some common features include: travel to natural areas that are often remote n recent years, ecotourism has been promoted as an al- and usually protected; active contributions to conservation; ternative, low impact form of tourism to natural areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism in Zanzibar: Challenges for Pro-Poor Growth
    ISSN 1677 6976 | www.ivt.coppe.ufrj.br/caderno ARTIGO ORIGINAL Tourism in Zanzibar: Challenges for pro-poor growth Turismo em Zanzibar: desafios para o crescimento econômico pró-pobre Turismo en Zanzíbar: desafíos para el crecimiento económico favorable a los pobres Elena Rotarou < [email protected] > Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Economics. University of Chile (UChile), Santiago, Chile. CRONOLOGIA DO PROCESSO EDITORIAL Recebido 21-mai-2013 Aceite 10-dez-2014 FORMATO PARA CITAÇÃO DESTE ARTIGO ROTAROU, E. Tourism in Zanzibar: Challenges for pro-poor growth. Caderno Virtual de turismo. Rio de Janeiro, v. 14, n.3, p. 250 - 265, dez. 2014. REALIZAÇÃO APOIO INSTITUCIONAL PATROCÍNIO Caderno Virtual de Turismo – Rio de Janeiro, v. 14, n. 3, p.250-264, dez. 2014 250 ROTAROU Tourism in Zanzibar Resumo: Embora o turismo em Zanzibar sofra uma rápida expansão na última década, isso não tem sido acompanhado pelo crescimento econômico pró-pobre. Embora o turismo tenha trazido benefícios - como divisas, oportunidades de emprego e desenvolvimento de infraestrutura - também causou impactos nega- tivos, inclusive, a degradação ambiental e social de conflitos entre investidores e comunidades locais sobre a exploração de recursos. Este trabalho revisa a literatura disponível sobre o desenvolvimento do turismo em Zanzibar e seu impacto na redução da pobreza e conclui que, apesar dos esforços do governo, o setor de turismo tem poucas ligações com a economia local e, assim, tem um impacto limitado na redução da pobre- za. Algumas das razões para essa falha são os interesses econômicos de investidores ricos e funcionários do governo, a corrupção generalizada e a falta de políticas que ligam as comunidades locais com o turismo.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourist Perceptions of Their Environmental Impacts In
    TOURIST PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN TANZANIA A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts by Anna Marie Solberg August 2017 © Copyright All rights reserved Except for previously published materials Thesis written by Anna Marie Solberg B.S., Northern Michigan University, 2015 M.A., Kent State University, 2017 Approved by Sarah L. Smiley, Advisor Scott Sheridan, Chair, Department of Geography James L. Blank, Dean, College of Arts and Sciences TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ...........................................................................................................................x DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................... xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... xii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................1 CHAPTER 2: TOURISM, GEOGRAPHY, AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL LINKAGES .....6 a. Tourist Typologies ...................................................................................................7 b. Tourism and its
    [Show full text]
  • Politics, Decolonisation, and the Cold War in Dar Es Salaam C
    A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/87426 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications Politics, decolonisation, and the Cold War in Dar es Salaam c. 1965-72 by George Roberts A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History University of Warwick, Department of History, September 2016 Politics, decolonisation, and the Cold War in Dar es Salaam, c. 1965-72 Acknowledgements 4 Summary 5 Abbreviations and acronyms 6 Maps 8 Introduction 10 Rethinking the Cold War and decolonisation 12 The ‘Cold War city’ 16 Tanzanian history and the shadow of Julius Nyerere 20 A note on the sources 24 1 – From uhuru to Arusha: Tanzania and the world, 1961-67 34 Nyerere’s foreign policy 34 The Zanzibar Revolution 36 The Dar es Salaam mutiny 38 The creation of Tanzania 40 The foreign policy crises of 1964-65 43 The turn to Beijing 47 Revisiting the Arusha Declaration 50 The June 1967 government reshuffle 54 Oscar Kambona’s flight into exile 56 Conclusion 58 2 – Karibu Dar es Salaam: the political geography of a Cold War city 60 Dar es Salaam 61 Spaces 62 News 67 Propaganda
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography for Tanzanian Archaeology
    1 Bibliography for Archaeology of Tanzania (Volume 1) By Elgidius Bwinabona Ichumbaki and Happinos Marufu 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. 3 Preface ............................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... 6 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 7 A ...................................................................................................................................... 10 B ...................................................................................................................................... 13 C ......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 21 D ....................................................................................................................................... 27 E .................................................................................................................................... 33 F ...................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Profile of Environmental Change in the Lake Manyara Basin, Tanzania
    A profile of environmental change in the Lake Manyara Basin, Tanzania Rick Rohde and Thea Hilhorst December 2001 Dr. Rick Rohde is currently Senior Researcher at the Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape, South Africa; Honorary Fellow at the Centre of African Studies, University of Edinburgh; and freelance writer/consultant. He can be contacted at: 4 Carlton Street, Edinburgh EH4 1NJ, U.K. Fax: + 44.131.220.3064. E.mail: [email protected] Thea Hilhorst is a Research Associate at the Drylands Programme, IIED, 4 Hanover Street, Edinburgh EH2 2EN, U.K. Email: [email protected]. This paper stems from the SUNRISE project (see Acknowledgements). For more information on this project, please visit its website: http://utsweb.univ.trieste.it/~biologia/ricappl/sunrise/STD3.html ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This paper is based on research conducted in association with the inter- disciplinary research project "Sustainable use of natural resources in rural systems of Eastern Africa Drylands: Strategies for environmental rehabilitation (SUNRISE)". The SUNRISE project was generously funded by the INCO Programme of the Commission of the European Communities and coordinated by Prof. Enrico Feoli of the University of Trieste, Italy. It was completed in April 2001. We are most grateful for the research assistance of Twalib Mbasha and John Huba during fieldwork in Tanzania. We also thank the people of Kambi ya Simba, Esilalei, Engaruka, Selela, Gekrun Lambo and Mto wa Mbu for their hospitality and advice. Other researchers to whom we owe a debt of gratitude include Wim van Campen, Gil Child, Bernard Gilchrist, Kathy Homewood, André Kooiman, Hussein Mansoor, Alan Rogers, Elieho Shishira, Frank Silkiluwasha, Massimo Tammosoli and Camilla Toulmin.
    [Show full text]