DOCSLIB.ORG

The Works of Washington Irving

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

ALFRED SANTEU KNICKERBOCKER S HISTORY OF NEW YORK WHEN THE RIVAL HEROES CAME FACE TO FACE. ffulton lEMtton THE WORKS OF WASHINGTON IRVING KNICKERBOCKER S HISTORY OF NEW YORK NEW YORK THE CENTURY CO. 1910 Stack Annex CONTENTS PAGE THE AUTHOR S APOLOGY ................ i ACCOUNT OF THE AUTHOR ............... 5 To THE PUBLIC .................... 15 BOOK I CONTAINING DIVERS INGENIOUS THEORIES AND PHILOSOPHIC SPECULATIONS, CONCERNING THE CREATION AND POPULA TION OF THE WORLD, AS CONNECTED WITH THE HISTORY OF NEW YORK CHAP. I. Description of the World ............ 21 II. or Creation of the World with a CHAP. Cosmogony, ; mul titude of excellent theories, by which the creation of a world is shown to be no such difficult matter as common folk would imagine ....................... 27 CHAP. III. How that famous navigator, Noah, was shamefully nicknamed; and how he committed an unpardonable over sight in not having four sons. With the great trouble of philosophers caused thereby, and the discovery of America . 35 CHAP. IV. Showing the great difficulty philosophers have had in peopling America and how the Aborigines came to be begotten by accident to the great relief and satisfaction of the Author ..................... 41 CHAP. V. In which the Author puts a mighty question to the rout, by the assistance of the Man in the Moon which not only delivers thousands of people from great embarrassment, but likewise concludes this introductory book ...... 47 BOOK II TREATING OF THE FIRST SETTLEMENT OF THE PROVINCE OF NIEUW-NEDERLANDTS CHAP. I. In which are contained divers reasons why a man should not write in a hurry Also of Master Hendrick Hudson, his discovery of a strange country and how he was vi CONTENTS PAGE magnificently rewarded by the munificence of their High Mightinesses 63 CHAP. II. Containing an account of a mighty Ark which floated, under the protection of St. Nicholas, from Holland to Gibbet Island the descent of the strange Animals there from a great victory, and a description of the ancient vil lage of Communipaw 72 CHAP. III. In which is set forth the true art of making a bar gain together with the miraculous escape of a great Me tropolis in a fog and the biography of certain heroes of Communipaw 78 CHAP. IV. How the heroes of Communipaw voyaged to Hell- gate, and how they were received there 85 CHAP. V. How the heroes of Communipaw returned somewhat wiser than they went and how the sage Oloffe dreamed a dream and the dream that he dreamed 95 CHAP. VI. Containing an attempt at etymology and of the founding of the great city of New Amsterdam 100 CHAP. VII. How the people of Pavonia migrated from Com munipaw to the island of Manna-hata and how Oloffe the Dreamer proved himself a great land-speculator 102 CHAP. VIII. Of the founding and naming of the new city of the City Arms; and of the direful feud between Ten Breeches and Tough Breeches 104 CHAP. IX. How the city of New Amsterdam waxed great under the protection of St. Nicholas and the absence of laws and statutes how Oloffe the Dreamer began to dream of an extension of Empire, and of the effect of his dreams . 109 BOOK m IN WHICH IS RECORDED THE GOLDEN REIGN OP WOUTER VAN TWILLER CHAP. I. Of the renowned Wouter Van Twiller, his unparal leled virtues as likewise his unutterable wisdom in the law-case of Wandle Schoonhoven and Barent Bleecker and the great admiration of the public thereat 116 CHAP. II. Containing some account of the grand council of New Amsterdam, as also divers especial good philosophical reasons why an Alderman should be fat with other particu lars touching the state of the province 124 CONTENTS vii PAGE CHAP. III. How the town of New Amsterdam arose out of mud, and came to be marvellously polished and polite together with a picture of the manners of our great-great grandfathers 133 CHAP. IV. Containing further particulars of the Golden Age, and what constituted a fine Lady and Gentleman in the days of Walter the Doubter 140 CHAP. V. Of the founding of Fort Aurania Of the mys teries of the Hudson Of the arrival of the Patroon Killian Van Rensellaer; his lordly descent upon the earth, and his in troduction of club-law 145 CHAP. VI. In which the reader is beguiled into a delectable walk, which ends very differently from what it commenced . 148 CHAP. VII. Faithfully describing the ingenious people of Connecticut and thereabouts showing, moreover, the true meaning of liberty of conscience, and a curious device among these sturdy barbarians, to keep up a harmony of intercourse, and promote population 152 CHAP. VIII. How these singular barbarians turned out to be notorious squatters. How they built air-castles, and at tempted to initiate the Nederlanders in the mystery of bundling 157 CHAP. IX. How the Fort Goed Hoop was fearfully beleaguered how the renowned Wouter fell into a profound doubt, and how he finally evaporated 162 BOOK IV CONTAINING THE CHRONICLES OF THE REIGN OF WILLIAM THE TESTY CHAP. I. the nature of in con Showing history general ; taining farthermore the universal acquirements of William the Testy, and how a man may learn so much as to render himself good for nothing 168 CHAP. II. How William the Testy undertook to conquer by proclamation how he was a great man abroad, but a little man in his own house 172 CHAP. III. In which are recorded the sage projects of a ruler of universal genius The art of fighting by proclamation and how that the valiant Jacobus Van Curlet came to be foully dishonored at Fort Goed Hoop 176 viii CONTENTS PAGE CHAP. IV. Containing the fearful wrath of William the Testy, and the alarm of New Amsterdam how the Governor did strongly fortify the City Of Antony the Trumpeter, and the windy addition to the armorial bearings of New Am sterdam 180 CHAP. V. Of the jurisprudence of William the Testy, and his admirable expedients for the suppression of poverty ... 184 CHAP. VI. Projects of William the Testy for increasing the currency he is outwitted by the Yankees The great Oyster War 188 CHAP. VII. Growing discontents of New Amsterdam under the government of William the Testy 193 CHAP. VIII. The edict of William the Testy against Tobacco Of the Pipe-Plot, and the rise of Feuds and Parties . 195 CHAP. IX. Of the folly of being happy in the time of pros perity Of troubles to the South brought on by annexation Of the secret expedition of Jansen Alpendam, and his mag nificent reward 199 CHAP. X. Troublous times on the Hudson How Killian Van Rensellaer erected a feudal castle, and how he introduced club-law into the province 203 CHAP. XI. Of the diplomatic mission of Antony the Trumpeter to the Fortress of Rensellaerstein and how he was puzzled by a cabalistic reply 206 CHAP. XII. Containing the rise of the great Amphictyonic Council of the Pilgrims, with the decline and final extinction of William the Testy 209 BOOK V CONTAINING THE FIRST PART OF THE REIGN OF PETER STUY- VESANT, AND HIS TROUBLES WITH THE AMPHICTYONIC COUNCIL CHAP. I. In which the death of a great man is shown to be no very inconsolable matter of sorrow and how Peter Stuyvesant acquired a great name from the uncommon strength of his head 215 CHAP. II. Showing how Peter the Headstrong bestirred him self among the rats and cobwebs on entering into office; his interview with Antony the Trumpeter, and his perilous meddling with the currency 221 CONTENTS ix PAGE CHAP. III. How the Yankee League waxed more and more potent; and how it outwitted the good Peter in treaty-making 225 CHAP. IV. Containing divers speculations showing that a treaty of peace is a great national evil 230 CHAP. V. How Peter Stuyvesant was grievously belied by the great council of the League; and how he sent Antony the Trumpeter to take to the council a piece of his mind . 236 CHAP. VI. How Peter Stuyvesant demanded a court of honor and what the court of honor awarded to him 241 CHAP. VII. How "Drum Ecclesiastic" was beaten through out Connecticut for a crusade against the New Netherlands, and how Peter Stuyvesant took measures to fortify his Capital 243 CHAP. VIII. How the Yankee crusade against the New Neth erlands was baffled by the sudden outbreak of witchcraft among the people of the East 247 CHAP. IX. Which records the rise and renown of a Military Commander, showing that a man, like a bladder, may be puffed up to greatness by mere wind; together with the catastrophe of a veteran and his queue 252 BOOK VI CONTAINING THE SECOND PART OF THE REIGN OF PETER THE HEADSTRONG, AND HIS GALLANT ACHIEVEMENTS ON THE DELAWARE CHAP. I. In which is exhibited a warlike Portrait of the great Peter of the windy contest of General Van Poffenburgh and General Printz, and of the Mosquito War on the Delaware 260 CHAP. II. Of Jan Risingh, his giantly person and crafty deeds; and of the Catastrophe at Fort Casimir 265 CHAP. III. Showing how profound secrets are often brought to with the of Peter the when light ; proceedings Headstrong he heard of the misfortunes of General Van Poffenburgh . 271 CHAP. IV. Containing Peter Stuyvesant s Voyage up the Hudson, and the wonders and delights of that renowned river 278 CHAP. V. Describing the powerful Army that assembled at the city of New Amsterdam together with the interview between Peter the Headstrong and General Van Poffen- x CONTENTS PAGE burgh, and Peter s sentiments touching unfortunate great men 285 CHAP.
Recommended publications
  • The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Other Tales Free Encyclopedia

    The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Other Tales Free Encyclopedia

    FREE THE LEGEND OF SLEEPY HOLLOW AND OTHER TALES PDF Washington Irving | 352 pages | 29 Oct 2015 | Thunder Bay Press | 9781626864672 | English | United States The Legend of Sleepy Hollow & Other Tales ~ Washington Irving & Arthur Rackham | eBay The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Other Tales wear and minor marks to cover. Free shipping. Washington Irving April 3, — November 28, was an American short story writer, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat of the early 19th century. His historical works include biographies of George Washington, Oliver Goldsmith, and Muhammad, and several histories of 15th-century Spain dealing with subjects such as Christopher Columbus, the Moors and the Alhambra. Irving served as the U. He made his literary debut in with a series of observational letters to the Morning Chroniclewritten under the pseudonym Jonathan Oldstyle. After moving to England for the family business inhe achieved international fame with the publication of The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. He continued to publish regularly and almost always successfully throughout his life, and just eight months before his death at age 76, in Tarrytown, New Yorkcompleted a five-volume biography of George Washington. As America's first genuine internationally best-selling author, Irving advocated for writing as a legitimate profession and argued for stronger laws to protect American writers from copyright infringement. Skip to main content. Email to friends Share on Facebook - opens in a new window or tab Share on Twitter - opens The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Other Tales a new window or tab Share on Pinterest - opens in a new window or tab.
  • Playing Puck: a Study of Performative Action in the Shaping of a ‘Legend Landscape’

    Playing Puck: a Study of Performative Action in the Shaping of a ‘Legend Landscape’

    PLAYING PUCK: A STUDY OF PERFORMATIVE ACTION IN THE SHAPING OF A ‘LEGEND LANDSCAPE’ ROBERT PETER IRVING A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of the West of England, Bristol, for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Arts, Creative Industries and Education, University of the West of England, Bristol June 2014 Playing Puck: a study of performative action in the shaping of a ‘legend landscape.’ Abstract This thesis engages, through visual practice and written analysis, with the British tradition of ‘thin’ places that act as thresholds between everyday circumstantial reality and the otherworldly. It does so by focusing on the complex of prehistoric monuments that make up the Avebury ritual landscape because these have become a crucible of contemporary cultural significance and a site of mystical tourism concerned with allegedly paranormal phenomena. I argue that these circumstances produce a range of responses, often broadly religious or aesthetic, which involve ritualistic, artistic, and, above all, performed activity, where legends are re/enacted into being and presented as fact. My contention is that this activity not only revitalises and extends the legend as a form of cultural mediation but also stimulates a shared ‘sense of place’ that helps to enrich an existing narrative world. In this self-reinforcing cycle, memory, imagination, and artfulness together contribute to the shaping of ‘legend landscapes’ as sites of pilgrimage where otherworldly events are said to have occurred and spiritual presences (and absences) still dwell. The study is undertaken from the ‘insider’ perspective of a practitioner fully immersed in these processes.
  • Peter Stuyvesant's Leadership of New Netherland

    Peter Stuyvesant's Leadership of New Netherland

    Peter Stuyvesant’s leadership of New Netherland University of Oulu Department of History Bachelor’s dissertation 6.5.2020 Henrik Lodewijks 2 Table of contents Introduction .................................................................................................................. 3 1. Peter Stuyvesant’s rise to power and militarism ................................................... 9 1.1 Peter Stuyvesant lands in North America .............................................................. 9 1.2 Peter Stuyvesant’s militaristic views ................................................................... 13 2. Peter Stuyvesant’s time in office and relation with the settlers. ......................... 17 2.1The extent of Peter Stuyvesant’s power ................................................................ 17 2.2Peter Stuyvesant and the settlers of New Amsterdam .......................................... 19 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 23 Sources ....................................................................................................................... 25 3 Introduction Research on the colony of New Netherland is quite a new phenomenon. When looking into the studies made of the subject, most of them are quite new and have been published in the late 20th century or 21st century. The studies have been made mostly by Dutch researchers or Dutch American researchers on the east coast of the USA. The cultural heritage of the Dutch
  • Dutch Exploration and Settlement in North America

    Dutch Exploration and Settlement in North America

    Name__________________________________________ Date___________ Mankes, Period_____ Dutch Exploration and Settlement in North America Just like the French, the Dutch also wanted to look for new ways to reach the riches of Asia. Dutch people are from The Netherlands in Europe. In 1609, the English explorer Henry Hudson sailed for the Dutch. His ship, the Half Moon, entered present-day New York harbor. Hudson continued to sail some 150 miles up the river that today bears his name. Even though he failed to find a northwest passage, he did map and explore this area. We will watch a brief video about Dutch New York. Answer the questions below based on information from the video. https://www.thirteen.org/dutchny/video/video-dutch-new-york/ (stop the video at 11:40) 1. What would Manhattan have looked like when Hudson landed in 1609? (Describe the land, water, animals, landscape) 2. Describe relations between the early Dutch settlers and Native Americans. 3. Write one more interesting fact you learn from the video. In 1626, Peter Minuit led a group of Dutch settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River. There, he bought Manhattan Island from local Indians. Minuit called the settlement New Amsterdam. Other colonists settled father up the Hudson River. The entire colony was known as New Netherland (later becomes New York) New Amsterdam grew into a busy trading port. The Dutch welcomed people of many nations and religions to their colony. “On the island of Manhattan…there may well be four or five hundred men of different…nations…men of eighteen different languages…” -Father Isaac Jogues, 1609 After reading Father Jogues quote, why might someone consider New Amsterdam as a “multicultural” settlement? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ The Dutch and French soon became rivals in the fur trade.
  • Fostering Epilepsy Care in Europe All Rights Reserved

    Fostering Epilepsy Care in Europe All Rights Reserved

    EPILEPSY IN THE WHO EUROPEAN REGION: Fostering Epilepsy Care in Europe All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a database or retrieval system, or published, in any form or any way, electronically, mechanically, by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without prior written permission from the publisher. Address requests about publications of the ILAE/IBE/WHO Global Campaign Against Epilepsy: Global Campaign Secretariat SEIN P.O. Box 540 2130 AM Hoofddorp The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] ISBN NR. 978-90-810076-3-4 Layout/ Printing: Paswerk Bedrijven, Cruquius, Netherlands Table of contents Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Preface ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Tribute ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................. 8 Background information on the European Region .........................................................................................
  • Black Families in New Net Joyce D

    Black Families in New Net Joyce D

    Black Families in New Net Joyce D. oodf riend University of Denver N ew Netherland becamehome to a sizeablenumber of In the past decade,the conceptual basis for the study black people during its brief history. Personsof African of blacks in colonial America has altered dramatically. heritage were present in the Dutch West India Instead of focusing on the institution of slavery and its Company’s colony as early as 1626 and their numbers evolution over time, historians such as Michael Mullin, increased substantially over the years. Whether Peter Wood, Ira Berlin, Allan Kulikoff, T.H. Breen and transported from a Spanish, Portuguese,or Dutch pos- Stephen Innes, and Philip Morgan have turned their session or native born in the colony, the blacks of New attention to exploring the actions of black people them- Netherland invariably attracted the attention of their selves.3As Gary Nash succinctly put it in a recent review European co-residents. Referencesto black individuals essay, “Afro-American studies in the colonial period or to groups of blacks are scatteredthroughout the Dutch [were reoriented] from a white-centered to a black- recordsof government and church. Yet surprisingly little centered area of inquiry . [Scholars] stressed the is known about the lives of these Africans and Afro- creative role of blacks in shaping their lives and in Americans: their ethnic origins, languages, religion, developing a truly Afro-American culture.“4 Unless this rituals, music, family and kinship structures, work ex- revised perspective is introduced into investigations of periences,and communal life remain largely unexplored. blacks in New Netherland, we will be unable to offer any fresh insights into the lives of the peoples of African This assertionmay strike someof you as not only bold, descentwho resided in this colony.
  • Germans Settling North America : Going Dutch – Gone American

    Germans Settling North America : Going Dutch – Gone American

    Gellinek Going Dutch – Gone American Christian Gellinek Going Dutch – Gone American Germans Settling North America Aschendorff Münster Printed with the kind support of Carl-Toepfer-Stiftung, Hamburg, Germany © 2003 Aschendorff Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Münster Das Werk ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Die dadurch begründeten Rechte, insbesondere die der Überset- zung, des Nachdrucks, der Entnahme von Abbildungen, der Funksendung, der Wiedergabe auf foto- mechanischem oder ähnlichem Wege und der Speicherung in Datenverarbeitungsanlagen bleiben, auch bei nur auszugsweiser Verwertung, vorbehalten. Die Vergütungsansprüche des § 54, Abs. 2, UrhG, werden durch die Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort wahrgenommen. Druck: Druckhaus Aschendorff, Münster, 2003 Gedruckt auf säurefreiem, alterungsbeständigem Papier ∞ ISBN 3-402-05182-6 This Book is dedicated to my teacher of Comparative Anthropology at Yale Law School from 1961 to 1963 F. S. C. Northrop (1893–1992) Sterling Professor of Philosophy and Law, author of the benchmark for comparative philosophy, Philosophical Anthropology and Practical Politics This Book has two mottoes which bifurcate as the topic =s divining rod The first motto is by GERTRUDE STEIN [1874–1946], a Pennsylvania-born woman of letters, raised in California, and expatriate resident of Europe after 1903: AIn the United States there is more space where nobody is than where anybody is. That is what makes America what it is.@1 The second motto has to do with the German immigration. It is borrowed from a book by THEODOR FONTANE [1819–1898], a Brandenburg-born writer, and a critic of Prussia. An old German woman, whose grandchildren have emigrated to Anmerica is speaking in her dialect of Low German: [ADröwen in Amirika.
  • Folk Sources and Analogues of Irving's "Alhambra"

    Folk Sources and Analogues of Irving's "Alhambra"

    MASTER'S THESIS M-919 STAHLMAN, M. Lucille. FOLK SOURCES AND ANALOGUES OF IRVING'S ALHAMBRA: A STUDY OF THREE REPRESENTATIVE TALES. The American University, M .A., 1966 Folklore University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan FOLK SOURCES AND ANALOGUES OF IRVING*S ALHAMBRAt A STUDY OF THREE REPRESENTATIVE TALES by M. Lucille Stahlman Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of The American University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Signatures of Committee: Chal rman 1 Date : 1966 The American University AMEr^iCAN UN!vEr\3,, Washington, D. C. LIBRARY JHN Z Ü 1966 M^ASHJNGTON. d. c. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I should first like to express my sincere appreciation to the members of my Thesis Committee of The American University for their valuable assistance during the writing of this thesis. Acknowledgments are due the following libraries and organizations whose staff members kindly assisted me in gaining access to valuable books and other materials: The Library of Congress, The Columbus Memorial Library of the Pan American Union, The American University Library, and Georgetown University Library, Washington, D. C,, as well as The Hispanic Society of America, New York, N. Y, TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE INTRODUCTION 1 I. BACKGROUND OP IRVING'S INTEREST IN SPANISH FOLK SOURCES ........................... 8 II . FOLD SOURCES AND ANALOGUES OF THE ALHAMBRA . ^5 Sources and Analogues of the "Legend of the Moor's L e g a c y " ........................... 46 Sources and Analogues of the "Legend of the Two Discreet Statues" ............... 66 Sources and Analogues of the "Legend of the Rose Alhambra" .....................
  • Romanticism in America: the Great Awakening

    Romanticism in America: the Great Awakening

    Deep Blue Deep Blue https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/documents Research Collections Library (University of Michigan Library) 1996 Romanticism in America: the Great Awakening Beam, Kathryn L. https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/120275 Downloaded from Deep Blue, University of Michigan's institutional repository Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) ROMANTICISM IN AMERICA: THE GREAT AWAKENING Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) ROMANTICISM IN AMERICA: THE GREAT AWAKENING June 12 - August 28, 1996 Special Collections Library Unversity of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan INTRODUCTION Who were America's first men of letters? Were they Jonathan Edwards whose sermons were so powerful, Thomas Paine whose rh etoric aroused the emo­ ti ons of our nation-ta-be, Benjamin Fra nklin whose clear and eloquent prose was so ll15tru cti ve and persuasive" and Philip Frenea u whose poems, ballads and satires made him a pioneer in th e w riting of artistic literature in America? Perhaps they were; or maybe they could have been. Yet, in almost every casE', lack of readers, irwdequate financial and literary recognition, and even changing personal priorities prohibited these men from finding their luJi expression as authors. That they never attained the height of genius in the realm of belJes-Iettres is probably as m uch an accident of their times as of their talents. By the early nineteenth century, hm<\'€ver, the economic and political growth of the country was so far-reaching that a demand lor a national literature began to be heard. Political independence-reaffirmed by the War of 181 2-caJled lor indepen­ dence in cultural and intellectual matters as well.
  • Blom and Looijestejn.Pmd

    Blom and Looijestejn.Pmd

    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) A Land of Milk and Honey: Colonial Propaganda and the City of Amsterdam, 1656-1664 Blom, F.; Looijesteijn, H. Publication date 2012 Document Version Final published version Published in Halve Maen Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Blom, F., & Looijesteijn, H. (2012). A Land of Milk and Honey: Colonial Propaganda and the City of Amsterdam, 1656-1664. Halve Maen, 85(3), 47-56. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:28 Sep 2021 A Land of Milk and Honey: Colonial Propaganda and the City of Amsterdam, 1656-1664 Frans Blom and Henk Looijesteijn EW NETHERLAND, in its final colonial propaganda. In this article we dem- Netherland was a task entrusted to a com- decade under Dutch rule, had a onstrate that these texts serving to promote mittee of several directors of the Amsterdam Nstrong presence in Amsterdam’s the image of the American colony in the Chamber.
  • Peter Stuyvesant

    Peter Stuyvesant

    Digital Commons @ George Fox University Faculty Publications - Department of History, Department of History, Politics, and Politics, and International Studies International Studies 1999 Peter Stuyvesant Paul Otto Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/hist_fac Part of the History Commons STUYVESANT • 99 ry effort at racing dominance that challenged the best with great state and pomp" (Kessler and Rachlis, p. of his automotive contemporaries. 5). In a similar vein, he was later dubbed the "great Muscovy Duke" (Kessler and Rachlis, p. 110). Such • For information on Stutz and his company, see Raymond descriptions derided his authoritarian nature, but this A. Katzell, ed., The Splendid Stutz: Its Cars, Compa11y, Peo­ aspect of his personality enabled him to restore a colo­ ple, and Races (1996). For an extensive discussion of his life, see Dave Emanuel, "Harry Clayton Stutz, 1896-1930: The ny that had suffered from mismanagement and Ameri­ Man, the Enigma and the Legend," Automobile Quarterly 20 can Indian attacks in the preceding years. Stuyvesant (1982): 234-55. A detailed study of the Stutz racing record is provided strong, stable leadership, reorganizing the in Joseph S. Freeman, "In the Wake of the White Squadron: director general's council and establishing an advisory Harry Stutz's Remarkable Racers," Awornobile Quarterly 28 board of nine leading citizens in addition to renewing (1990): 148-65. For a detailed list (published by Stutz in and introducing several statutes to regulate the affairs 1915) of Stutz racing wins from 1911 to early 1915, see Anti­ of the colony. Stuyvesant's careful management of que Automobile, June 1950, pp.
  • Washington Irving

    Washington Irving

    Washington Irving This article is about the writer. For the cricketer, see each named William, died in infancy, as did their fourth Irving Washington. child, John. Their surviving children were: William, Jr. (1766), Ann (1770), Peter (1772), Catherine (1774), Washington Irving (April 3, 1783 – November 28, Ebenezer (1776), John Treat (1778), Sarah (1780) and Washington.[1] 1859) was an American author, essayist, biographer, his- torian, and diplomat of the early 19th century. He is best known for his short stories "Rip Van Winkle" (1819) and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" (1820), both of which appear in his book The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.. His historical works include biographies of George Washington, Oliver Goldsmith and Muhammad, and sev- eral histories of 15th-century Spain dealing with sub- jects such as Christopher Columbus, the Moors and the Alhambra. Irving served as the U.S. ambassador to Spain from 1842 to 1846. He made his literary debut in 1802 with a series of ob- servational letters to the Morning Chronicle, written un- der the pseudonym Jonathan Oldstyle. After moving to England for the family business in 1815, he achieved in- ternational fame with the publication of The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. in 1819–20. He continued to publish regularly — and almost always successfully — throughout his life, and just eight months before his death (at age 76, in Tarrytown, New York), completed a five- volume biography of George Washington. Irving, along with James Fenimore Cooper, was among the first American writers to earn acclaim in Eu- rope, and Irving encouraged American authors such Watercolor of Washington Irving’s Encounter with George Wash- as Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Henry ington Wadsworth Longfellow, and Edgar Allan Poe.