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Vol. 26, No. 4 “De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius” Dec. 2010

Events of interest (ca.1478–1532) brings together Provinces was locked in a war with Gossart’s , drawings, and Spain that would last for eighty January 15, 2011. The prints and places them in the context years, thousands of immigrants Schenectady County Historical of the art and artists that influenced came to Amsterdam and greatly Society at 32 Washington Avenue his transformation from Late Gothic influenced the development of the will present a lecture by Shirley Mannerism to the new Renaissance Republic. Among them was Kiliaen W. Dunn. The 2 pm lecture will mode. Gossart was among the first , a young man from a be based on her latest book, “The northern artists to travel to Rome to small eastern town on the war front. River Indians: Making make copies after antique Young Kiliaen quickly became part History.” A major part of the talk and introduce historical and of the culture of this rapidly will be about ’s mythological subjects with erotic developing city, where he was close connections with Mohicans nude figures into the mainstream of trained as a jeweler and merchant living around , northern . Most often credited by wealthy relatives. He would connections made through a with successfully assimilating Italian work within this family network for village, his farm at the Flatts and Renaissance style into northern the rest of his life, to great success. various purchases of Mohican European art of the early sixteenth As one of the founding directors of land. Also included will be details century, he is the pivotal Old Master the , he of Mohican sales to the Dutch who changed the course of Flemish was instrumental in the along the which art from the medieval craft tradition establishment of the New indicate that the site of of its founder, Jan van Eyck (ca. Netherland colony on the East Schenectady, as well as the 1380/90–1441), and charted new Coast of , becoming Cohoes Falls, were in Mohican territory that eventually led to the one of its first . Although territory prior to a Mohican great age of Peter Paul Rubens he never actually set foot in the concession to the Mohawks in (1577–1640). New World, his patroonship, 1629. Refreshments at 1:30 pm Special Exhibition Galleries, 2nd Rensselaerswijck, encompassed will precede the talk. floor. Go to: metmuseum.org for much of what is now *** further information. State’s Capital District and survived as a legal entity up until the 1840s. Until January 17, 2011. The In this engrossing biography, Janny Metropolitan Museum of Art Publications Venema examines the time in which continues its exhibit “Man, Myth, Kiliaen van Rensselaer lived, his and Sensual Pleasures: Jan Kiliaen van Rensselaer (1586–1643): Designing a New World by Janny surroundings, the rapidly expanding Gossart’s Renaissance.” The first city of Amsterdam, the great trading major exhibition in forty-five Venema, assistant director of the NNRC. During the early 1600s, as the companies, the jewelry business, years devoted to the Burgundian and the people in his network. Netherlandish artist Jan Gossart Republic of the Seven United

New Netherland Institute, Box 2536, Plaza Station, Albany, NY 12220 Voice: 518–486–4815 | Fax: 518–473–0472 [email protected] | www.newnetherlandinstitute.org De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius 2

Along the way, she explores his *** Dutch religion, identity, and motivations and the powerful role In the same issue of W&MQ in the culture. In addition, honorable he played in helping to establish a book review section: “After the mention is given to the editors of Dutch presence in the New World. Half Moon: New Approaches to the Dutch New York Between East and Go to: www.sunypress.edu for Study of Henry Hudson and the West: The World of Margrieta van ordering information. Valley,” a review Varick for creating a magnificently designed and meticulously *** essay by Thomas Wermuth, covering: Half Moon: Henry researched work that deftly William and Mary Quarterly. Third Hudson and the Voyage that constructs from one woman’s series, vol. LXVII, no. 4, October Redrew the Map of the New World inventory in seventeenth-century 2010 “The Merchant, the Map, and by Douglas Hunter; Fatal Journey: Flatbush the entire world of Dutch Empire: Augustine Herrman’s The Final Expedition of Henry colonization in the East Indies and Chesapeake and Interimperial Hudson—A Tale of Mutiny and /New York. Trade, 1644–73” by Christian J. Murder in the Arctic by Peter C. *** Koot. New Netherland and Mancall; The Hudson: A History Ralph DeGroff, Jr. received the Maryland mapmaker and merchant by Tom Lewis; and The Roots of Augustine Herrman has been 2010 Alice P. Kenney Award on Culture edited by behalf of the DeGroff family. Ralph previously studied either for the Roger Panetta. map he produced “Virginia and DeGroff, Sr. was responsible for Maryland As it is Planted and *** securing initial funding to support Inhabited (1673)” or for his If anyone is interested in purchasing the New Netherland Project in experiences as a trader. Examining a copy of Donald Shomette’s Raid 1974. Additional funding continues these two intertwined aspects of on America: The Dutch Naval through the Holland Society’s Herrman’s life simultaneously Campaigh of 1672–1674, the NNI Marion Wilson De Groff Fund. reveals the colonial meanings of his has a half dozen copies left over *** map and the transimperial vision from the New Netherland Seminar The deadline for the Quinn- that produced it. Most scholarship in September. The book is available supported residencies and fellow- on early modern cartography has for $22 payable to the NNI. ship, is Jan. 28 and March 1, 2011 focused on maps as objects of respectively. Go to: bit.ly/gh0ksj imperial control. But in the same NNI News for application information. manner that empire builders resorted to maps to understand the Dirk Mouw, University of Iowa *** relationships between their PhD, is the 2010 winner of the As of this writing, Congress has colonies, visually analyzing Hendricks Manuscript Award for NOT extended the legislation Herrman’s map enables modern his dissertation “Moederkerk and bypassing the income tax on scholars to see that, even as empires Vaderland: Religion and Ethnic Required Minimum Distributions divided the region, many colonists Identity in the Middle Colonies, up to $100,000 for individuals over imagined the mid-seventeenth- 1690-1772.” The dissertation 70½. However, many have seen century Atlantic as a unified whole. explores the “well- established their stock and especially their bond Inscribed in “Virginia and stereotypes” of scholarship on the portfolios increase this year. That Maryland As it is Planted and Dutch in British North America: presents another opportunity to Inhabited” was the colonial idea of that British ecclesiastical and support the New Netherland a linked multinational world, a colonial officials, together with the Institute by donating appreciated view that shaped not only the map waves of Anglophones disembark- securities thereby avoiding the but also the empire it represented. ing in the Middle Colonies capital gain. If you sell the succeeded quickly in eviscerating securities first, and then donate all De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius 3

or part of the proceeds, you are With these funds, the Institute and the MCH countries build an Internet liable for the tax on the gain. the NYS Office of Cultural portal through which their mutual However, if you have a loss on your Education are broadening the scope heritage materials will be available. securities but want to make a of activities beyond the translation donation to NNI, sell the stock or work Dr. Gehring and Dr. Venema Website(s) bond first so that you can use the have undertaken over three . loss to offset any other gains you The NNRC’s activities include If you are curious about the might have accrued and then send programs to conserve New appearance of the New Netherland your contribution to NNI. Netherland source material and Research Center at the Cultural Contact Jim Sefcik, NNI Associate make it available online, to support Education Center in Albany, go to: for Development and Special scholars researching in the field and www.dutchinamerica.com, which is Projects, at 518–374–2747 if you to build awareness and interest in featuring a front page article on the have any questions. the period through publications, NNRC in the New York State public programs and teaching aids. Library, accompanied by photos of the exterior and interior. Errata Projects underway include publication of the New Netherland Our September newsletter Papers of Hans Bontemantel—a News inadvertently placed member Director of the West India Gerald Auten in the incorrect Company; conservation, translation On 10/10/10, the Federation of the category of “Circle of Friends.” and publication of the memorandum Antilles ceased We wish to acknowledge him as a book of Anthony De Hooges, to exist. The islands of Sint Maarten Vice-Director. business manager of Rensselaers- and Curaçao, following the political wijck; and update of the Guide to path of Aruba in 1986, became constituent states within the NNRC News Dutch Manuscripts which Dr. Gehring completed 30 years ago. Kingdom of the Netherlands. Over the past year, the New Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius, Dutch historian and genealogist became special municipalities of Netherland Project has transformed Eric Ruijssenaars has been selected itself into the New Netherland the Netherlands. Curaçao and St as the NNRC’s first Senior Scholar. Maarten became fully self- Research Center. In November, Dr. He will be in residence during 2011 Gehring cut the ribbon on a public governing, except in matters of researching the world of prominent defense, foreign policy, and judicial face for the NNRC, a dedicated . reading room in the NYS Library and financial affairs, which will PhD candidates Deborah Hamer of remain the responsibility of the where scholars and the public can Columbia University and Alena peruse the vast collection of New Dutch government. There will be Buis of Queens University will be specific exceptions for the islands, Netherland materials which the in residence as Student Scholars. Library holds. such as the phasing in of the U.S. Also in November, the Office of dollar as the official currency come The development of the NNRC was Cultural Education hosted the January 2011 instead of the euro, launched during 2009 through a conference of the Mutual Cultural and the islands can take a different three-year grant of €200,000 from Heritage Council, a program led by standpoint on issues like abortion, the State of the Netherlands to the the Dutch National Archives to euthanasia, and gay marriage. New Netherland Institute. The bring together countries sharing a Dutch Prince Willem-Alexander Institute has long been a key heritage with the Netherlands over and his wife, Princess Máxima, financial supporter of the Project five centuries. As a leader in were on Curaçao to attend the and is now matching the contribu- conserving and digitizing archival ceremonies related to the transition. tion from the Netherlands. materials, OCE offers a model as [copy from dutchinamerica.com] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius 4

Totidem Verbis fleet. Van Noort was, however, the Ternate for future delivery of cloves first Dutchman to circumnavigate continued long after his death. The Voyage of Pieter de Lint, the globe, and in the process Shareholders of the company and 1598–1603, part three. brought the war against Spain to the their heirs filed lawsuits for Now De Lint oversaw the west coast of South America and to reparations due to them for the construction of a small seaworthy Manila Bay. Despite the economic abrogation of these contracts by the bark, large enough to bring himself, failure of the voyage it was an Dutch East India Company his crew, and his cargo to Bantam, achievement that captured the (founded in 1602, the States the trading post at the northwestern imagination of his countrymen and General granting it a monopoly to tip of Java. If such a feat seems was the inspiration for more such carry out colonial activities in remarkable, it was no great expeditions. Asia). Final settlement was reached accomplishment for mariners of the De Lint arrived at Texel on April in 1635 for the significant sum of period, who were experienced in 13, 1603. He and his remaining 117,000 guilders, far more than the the construction of small vessels. crew, divided among the various value of the few bags of pepper and No doubt De Lint’s crew benefited ships of a returning fleet and mace carried home by Van Noort. from the use of shaped planks from crowded into any available space, What befell De Lint after returning the wreck of their ship. The departed from Bantam on May 11, to his home country is not known, construction was probably 1602, in the Amsterdam, Hoorne, though we do know that he found completed between September 1601 Enkhuisen, Zwarte, and the Groene his father in dire straits, owing and January 1602, and, after about Leeuw, under the flag of Admiral money and his possessions sold at eleven months in Ternate, De Lint Hans Schuurmans. They stayed for auction. We also know that De sailed sometime that February, two months at the island of Lint’s achievements have been arriving at Bantam on April 20. Mauritius, then on to St Helena unjustly overshadowed by those of This was reported by the skipper of before making landfall in the his commander. For 400 years Van the Duyfken, Willem van Netherlands. We can only estimate Noort has enjoyed renown for his Westzanan upon his arrival in the how many of the crew of the arduous voyage, about which he Netherlands, stating that Van Hendrick Frederick survived the took great pains to inform the world Noort’s Under-Admiral had been expedition. The crew’s strength was in his popular self-serving lost in the Strait of Magellan more some sixty men in the South Sea; autobiographical journal. Sadly, the than a year before, their admiral not some were lost on the voyage, and recognition of his second-in- having the weather to search and some remained in Ternate. Only command, Pieter De Lint, has not find them. thirteen clearly identifiable as been forthcoming. De Lint’s Meanwhile, Olivier van Noort crewmembers, including De Lint, masterly seamanship, his leadership returned to the Netherlands in are specifically named among the and commitment to the welfare of August 1601 with little to show for living. the men under his command, had his three-year expedition. Only one When news of his return was brought him and his crew safely of his four ships, the Mauritius, known, the expedition’s backers across the Pacific, where others made it back and with a were thrilled to learn that, unlike before and after met with tragedy. much-depleted crew. He returned his leader, De Lint had brought Furthermore, his astute negotiations with almost nothing to offer as back a very rich cargo: all the and unwavering commitment to the saleable goods, just a little pepper cloves from Ternate that he had objectives of the company led to the and mace, the least of all the spices. carried to Bantam on his newly ultimate financial success of the The expedition was a financial constructed vessel. Moreover, the enterprise. disaster for the commander and for contracts that De Lint had [concluded] the company formed to outfit the negotiated with the sultan of