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(Microsoft Powerpoint Wydział Budownictwa Lądowego i Wodnego Politechniki Wrocławskiej Koleje dużych prędkości w Japonii Autor Kacper Piętka Drogi kolejowe – seminarium Data prezentacja 16.03.2021 Rok akademicki 2020/21 1 Kontekst – kolej w latach powojennych 2 Lata 50te i 60te - USA Autostrada w Nowym Yorku, lata 50-te Lotnisko w Washington City, lata 50-te 3 Lata 50te i 60te - Europa Niemiecki pług do niszczenia torów Pociąg parowy wyjeżdżający ze stacji, Europa, lata 60te 4 Japonia Pierwszy projekt- 1940, Tokio – Shimonoseki (200km/h) Od 1955 testowanie rozwiązań technologicznych dla KDP Od 1959 rekord prędkości na torze 1067mm – 175 km/h Dla KDP konieczne zastosowanie szerszego toru – 1435mm Rekordowy wąskotorowy pociąg serii 151 5 Pierwsza japońska KDP 6 Tokaido Shinkansen – informacje ogólne • Projekt- 1958 • Tokio – Osaka • Prędkość do 250 km/h • Realizacja 1959 – 1964 • Shinkansen – „nowa magistrala” • Wybudowana od zera • Długość 515 km 7 Tokaido Shinkansen – budowa i parametry • Łuki poziome- min. 2500m • Całkowita bezkolizyjność • Maks. Pochylenia niwelety 15-20 ‰ • Tunele- 65km • Mosty i wiadukty- 93km Bezkolizyjne przejazdy na Tokaido Shinkansen (obecnie) Budowa mostu naTokaido Shinkansen (1959-1964) 8 Tokaido Shinkansen – budowa i parametry Budowa mostu na Tokaido Shinkansen (1959-1964) Budowa tunelu na Tokaido Shinkansen (1959-1964) 9 Tokaido Shinkansen – budowa i parametry • Szyny bezstykowe, sprężone podkłady betonowe • Oryginalnie nawierzchnia podsypkowa Układanie toru na Tokaido Shinkansen, 1959-1964 10 Tokaido Shinkansen – budowa i parametry Shinkansen na nawierzchni podsypkowej, lata 60te 11 Tokaido Shinkansen – budowa i parametry • Od 1972 roku stopniowa wymiana na bezpodsypkową na części trasy – płyty typu VA • Nawierzchnia bezpodsypkowa typu VA stosowana od tamtego czasu powszechnie na liniach Shinkansen Nawierzchnia bezpodsypkowa toru Shinkansen 12 Tokaido Shinkansen – sterowanie ruchem • W pełni zautomatyzowane • Sygnał z urządzeń trafiał SRK bezpośrednio do kabiny maszynisty Kabina maszynisty w Shinkansen serii 0 13 Tokaido Shinkansen - tabor Założenia: • Liczba wagonów 12-16, • Zespół trakcyjny- rozłożenie napędu w całym pociągu, • Silniki elektryczne o stosunkowo małej mocy, po 185kW każdy Efekt: Shinkansen serii 0, tzw. „ Bullet train” Eksploatacja 1964-2008 Shinkansen serii 0, 1967 14 Shinkansen serii 0, stacja w Hiroszimie, 2008 15 Shinkansen serii 0, wnętrze I klasy z pierwszego roku produkcji 16 Tokaido Shinkansen - sukces • W pierwszym roku 60 kursów dziennie, 61 tys. Pasażerów dziennie, • W kolejnym (1965/66) 110 kursów dziennie • Do tej pory linia Tokaido obsłużyła około 6,4 mld i 174 mln rocznie • Obecnie pociągi kursują z prędkością do 285 km/h 17 Shinkansen- kontynuacja idei 18 Kolejne linie Nazwa linii Z Do Długość [km] Otwarcie Tokaido Shinkansen Tokyo Shin-Osaka 515.4 1964 San'yō Shinkansen Shin-Osaka Hakata 553.7 1972 Tōhoku Shinkansen Tokyo Shin-Aomori 674.9 1982 Jōetsu Shinkansen Ōmiya Niigata 269.5 1982 Hokuriku Shinkansen Takasaki Kanazawa 345.4 1997 Kyushu Shinkansen Hakata Kagoshima-Chūō 256.8 2004 Hokkaido Shinkansen Shin-Aomori Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto 148.9 2016 19 Obecnie • Ponad 3000 km linii KDP, • Prędkości 240-350 km/h, • Roczny przewóz pasażerów 353 mln rocznie (maks 2007), • Rekord prędkości 443 km/h- model 300X, • Najpunktualniejsza kolej na świecie, średnie spóźnienie wynosi około 50s 20 Shinkansen 300X 21 Seria N700A 22 Seria N700S 23 Seria E5 24 Przyszłość Nazwa linii Prędkość Długość Rok rozpoczęcia prac Kyushu Shinkansen (West Kyushu Route) 260 66.7 2009 Hokuriku Shinkansen Phase 3 (Kanazawa – Tsuruga) 260 120.7 2012 Hokkaido Shinkansen Phase 2 (Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto – Sapporo) 260 211.3 2012 Hokuriku Shinkansen Phase 4 (Tsuruga – Obama – Kyoto – Shin-Osaka) 260 ? 2030 Budowa Hokuriku Shinkansen 25 Maglev • Chuo Shinkansen (Tokio Shinagawa – Nagoya) planowane otwarcie w roku 2027 • Długość linii 285 km, • Obecnie wybudowany odcinek testowy 43 km 26 Shinkansen MagleV seria L0 27 Literatura • TTS 2002/5-6 str.10-11, • TTS 2011/7-8 str.21-52, • TTS 2015/4 str.24- 29, • TTS 2015/5 str.20-21, • https://www.ihra-hsr.org/ (international highspeed railway association) • https://www.warhistoryonline.com/instant-articles/german-schwellenpflug-used-completely-destroy- train-tracks-great-footage.html • Drogi szynowe Grulkowski S., Kędra Z., Koc Wł., Nowakowski M. J ., • https://www.youtube.com/watch?V=fdUUTEEBw74&list=LL&index=27&t=2480s&ab_channel=Japanes ebullettrain (film dokumentalny o Tokaido Shinkansen) 28.
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