DOCSLIB.ORG

The Hero As Man of Letters”

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Hero As Man of Letters” “THE HERO AS MAN OF LETTERS”: INTELLECTUAL POLITICS AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ROMANTIC EPIC By Copyright 2013 Eric S. Hood Ph.D., University of Kansas 2013 Submitted to the Department of English and the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy __________________________________ Chairperson: Ann Rowland Committee Members:__________________________________ Philip Barnard __________________________________ Anna Neill __________________________________ Dorice Elliott __________________________________ Leslie Tuttle Date Defended: 08/30/2013 ii The Dissertation Committee for Eric S. Hood certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis/dissertation: “THE HERO AS MAN OF LETTERS”: INTELLECTUAL POLITICS AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ROMANTIC EPIC __________________________________ Ann Rowland _______________________08/30/2013__ Date Approved iii Abstract Although the thirty years from 1794 to 1824 saw the production of more epic poetry than any other period in British literary history, the epic’s function within the culture of Romanticism remains largely misunderstood and neglected. The problem in theorizing the Romantic epic stems from the uncommon diversity of epic performances during this period and from the epic’s sudden reappearance after a long period of apparent dormancy in the eighteenth century. When the Romantic epic is defined, however, not as poetic form but as a repeated political act, the epic’s eighteenth-century history now appears as a continuous process of generic transformation and its formal diversity no longer threatens its generic categorization. In place of understanding the epic as literary genre, I define the Romantic epic as a recurring and highly stylized rhetorical intervention by the intellectual community beginning in the mid-eighteenth century with the primary function of expanding the power of the intellectual “class.” Investigating the epic’s eighteenth-century transformation, I examine the relationship between classical epics and William Collins and Thomas Gray’s Pindaric odes, James Macpherson’s Ossian “translations,” and James Beattie’s Minstrel. I argue that these so-called pre-Romantic poems reveal both a Romantic rejection of the Augustan epic and a Romantic desire to repurpose the epic’s structures toward the emerging interests of the intellectual community. The conscious task was to develop a new epic mode, one that would make a hero of the man of letters, to write the kind of epic performance found in Robert Southey’s Joan of Arc. Focusing on the Romantic epic’s function, I demonstrate that the Romantic epic provided a pattern through which intellectuals began to see themselves and the world. In order to change society Romantic intellectuals were modifying the genre which, in turn, was reshaping iv intellectual consciousness. Thus, acting reciprocally, I show that the epic was at the center of the larger Romantic project: an intellectual effort to deliver humanity from commercial society. v Acknowledgements Although my name alone appears on this dissertation, the scholarship that follows was the result of a collaborative relationship over many years. I would, therefore, like to acknowledge the participation of my extended academic team. My core committee members quickly and selflessly waded through hundreds of pages of draft material in order to offer constructive comments and help move this project forward. To my dissertation director, Dr. Ann Rowland, I am deeply indebted for her tireless assistance in determining the scope, organization, and framing of this project. At every step of my doctoral candidacy Dr. Rowland has guided me towards becoming a more deeply engaged and productive scholar, and I am thankful for her patience and generosity. Dr. Philip Barnard provided hours of counsel and encouragement through many difficult impasses along the way. His knowledge of this project’s theoretical framework was invaluable. And I am especially grateful to Dr. Anna Neill, whose keen editorial questioning, mentoring, and advocacy on my behalf ensured that this project became a reality and helped to make my advanced academic career possible. I thank you all for your assistance and friendship. I would like to thank Dr. Laura George, at Eastern Michigan University, who introduced me to Romantic poetry and whose energy continues to inspire me towards teaching with honesty and enthusiasm. I am also deeply thankful for the efforts of my instructors at the University of Kansas (especially, Dr. Dorice Elliott, Dr. Frank Farmer, Dr. Iris Fischer, Dr. Katie Conrad, Dr. Amy Devitt, Dr. Susan Harris, Mary Klayder, and Sonya Lancaster), as well as the entire staff of the English department (especially, Lydia Ash, Robin Holladay, and Lori Whitten). Furthermore, I would like to recognize my former students at the secondary and post-secondary level, who have provided me with innumerable insights about poetry and academia along the vi way. And to my many colleagues and friends (Rob Topinka, Matthew Smalley, Jeremy Miller, Lauren Kiehna, Jana Tigchelaar, Ann Martinez, Samantha Bishop-Simmons, Nate Barbarick, Elisa Bershero-Bondar, the entire Digital Mitford team, and the many, many others), who were kind enough to hear portions of these arguments at times and places that should have been safe from scholarly debate and yet answered my polemics on literature, theory, and social justice with humor, patience, and grace, I thank you. Most of all, I would like to thank my parents, Jean and Kevin, who set me on the path to life- long learning, and my best friend and my devoted partner, Molly, who lovingly supported and believed in me throughout this entire process—the most difficult and wondrous adventure of my intellectual life. vii Contents Chapter One. Coming to Terms with the Romantic Epic I. Epic Questions ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. The Romantic Epic as a Rhetorical Genre............................................................................ 7 III. Romanticism and the Men of Letters ................................................................................. 22 IV. The Romantic Intellectual in the Longue Durée ................................................................. 37 Chapter Two. Reconstructing the Epic: Intellectual Mythologies and the Writing of Class I. Pindarics .............................................................................................................................. 64 II. The Ossian Project............................................................................................................. 107 III. Beattie’s Minstrel .............................................................................................................. 133 Chapter Three. Joan of Arc: Robert Southey's Vision of the Maid I. An “Entire Man of Letters”............................................................................................... 158 II. Joan, as a Symbol of Intellectual Authority ..................................................................... 167 III. Joan’s Intellectual Trials .................................................................................................. 195 IV. “Finders” and “Makers” .................................................................................................... 205 Works Cited…………………………………………………………………………………….210 1 Chapter One Coming to Terms with the Romantic Epic I. Epic Questions John Thelwall God help him! is writing an epic poem – & Samuel Rogers who is a banker & contrives to make his rhymes pass current for poetry, as his paper goes for cash, is also writing an epic poem . George Dyer also hath similar thoughts. I laughed at all this when George told me so & said they would make a supplement to my obscure epic writers of these days. (C.L.R.S. Letter 405)1 —Robert Southey, May 1799 In literature . there are the ins and outs of fashion. Sonnets and satires and essays have their day—and my Joan of Arc has revived the epomania that Boileau cured the French of 120 years ago; but it is not everyone who can shoot with the bow of Ulysses, and the gentlemen who think they can bend the bow because I made the 1 Unless stated otherwise, the text of Robert Southey’s letters is taken from The Collected Letters of Robert Southey: A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition. Ed. Bolton, Carol and W.A. Speck. 8 vols. <http://www.rc.umd.edu/editions/southey_letters/>. This recent electronic edition is the most complete catalog of Robert Southey’s correspondences through 1803, publishing in full previously unavailable and truncated manuscripts. In place of page numbers, the appropriate letter number has been used for in-text citation. 2 string twang, will find themselves somewhat disappointed. (C.L.R.S. Letter 554) —Robert Southey, October 1800 It is easy to forget that the Romantic century saw an epic revival that eclipses any other. The period is more often written as the rise of the novel, or as the zenith of the lyric, or as the revival of the ballad. Yet there, amid the emerging marketplace of middle-class readers, we find this “epomania,” a renewed interest in an outmoded genre that was immensely labor intensive and highly exclusionary. Stuart Curran points out that the resurgence of the epic was a uniquely British phenomenon (158), yet this seems not to have been any kind of limit on its varied productivity. There were
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Literary Theory
    Literary Theory Field of Study Reading List [Note: where selections are indicated ("from"), the references in square brackets are to one of the anthologies included at the end of the list. Where no reference is included, the student is free to choose which sections to read. This should be noted on the amended reading list.] Classical Period 1. Plato, Ion, Republic, Book X (on art); Book VII (the myth of the cave) (c. 400 BCE). 2. Aristotle, Poetics (c. 350 BCE). 3. Horace, Ars Poetica (c. 20 BCE). 4. Longinus, On the Sublime, Books I-XII; XL (1st c CE). 5. Quintillian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 8, Ch. 5 (tropes) (1st c CE). 6. Plotinus, On Intellectual Beauty (3rd c CE). 7. Augustine, from On Christine Doctrine, Book II (signs), Book IV (tropes) (395-427). Medieval Period 8. Dante, Letter to Can Grande Della Scala (allegory) (1319). 9. Boccaccio, Genealogy of the Gentile Gods (1350-62). 10. Christine de Pisan, from City of Women, chapter 1; chapter 36 (education), (1405). 11. Aquinas, selection from Summa Theologica, 9th and 10th articles (on metaphor), (1265-73). Renaissance 12. Sidney, Philip. An Apology for Poetry (1583). 13. Puttenham, George. The Art of English Poesie, Book 1 (1589). 14. Guarini, Giambattista. The Compendium of Tragicomic Poetry (1599). 15. Boileau Despreaux, Nicolas, Art Poetique (1674). 16. Bacon, Francis, from The Advancement of Learning (1605) [Adams and Searle]; from Essays (1601). 17. De vega, Lopa. The New Art of Making Comedies (1607). 18. Heywood, Thomas. "An Apology for Actors" (1612). 19. Jonson, Ben, from Timber: OR, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter (1641) [Bate].
    [Show full text]
  • Women and the History of Republicanism
    Australasian Philosophical Review ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rapr20 Women and the History of Republicanism Alan Coffee To cite this article: Alan Coffee (2019) Women and the History of Republicanism, Australasian Philosophical Review, 3:4, 443-451, DOI: 10.1080/24740500.2020.1840646 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2020.1840646 Published online: 23 Apr 2021. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rapr20 AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHICAL REVIEW 2019, VOL. 3, NO. 4, 443–451 https://doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2020.1840646 CODA Women and the History of Republicanism Alan Coffee King’s College London Sandrine Bergès’s[2021] fascinating lead article has justifiably stimulated a vigorous debate amongst the respondents that will contribute significantly to scholarship in this field. In this short editorial coda, I cannot do justice to all of the responses, even though each is valuable and instructive. I should like, first of all, brieflyto review each contribution. In the remainder of what I have to say, I shall then respond in more general terms about the nature of the overall project of reading his- torical women philosophers as part of the republican tradition, with the aim of tackling what I consider to be some misconceptions. In so doing, I will address myself mostly to Karen Green’s[2021] article which is the most sceptical about the endeavour, although I shall also engage with Lena Halldenius [2021].
    [Show full text]
  • Heroic Individualism: the Hero As Author in Democratic Culture Alan I
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2006 Heroic individualism: the hero as author in democratic culture Alan I. Baily Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Baily, Alan I., "Heroic individualism: the hero as author in democratic culture" (2006). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1073. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1073 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. HEROIC INDIVIDUALISM: THE HERO AS AUTHOR IN DEMOCRATIC CULTURE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Political Science by Alan I. Baily B.S., Texas A&M University—Commerce, 1999 M.A., Louisiana State University, 2003 December, 2006 It has been well said that the highest aim in education is analogous to the highest aim in mathematics, namely, to obtain not results but powers , not particular solutions but the means by which endless solutions may be wrought. He is the most effective educator who aims less at perfecting specific acquirements that at producing that mental condition which renders acquirements easy, and leads to their useful application; who does not seek to make his pupils moral by enjoining particular courses of action, but by bringing into activity the feelings and sympathies that must issue in noble action.
    [Show full text]
  • Home Editorial Authors' Responses Guidelines For
    Home Search Every Field Editorial Search Authors' WHY THE ROMANTICS MATTER Responses By Peter Gay (Yale, 2015) xvi + 141pp. Guidelines Reviewed by Lisa M. Steinman on 2017-04-24. For Click here for a PDF version. Reviewers Click here to buy the book on Amazon. About Us Masthead This book could have begun with a variant of my favorite opening line--from Steven Shapin's The Scientific Revolution (1996): "There was no such thing as [Romanticism], and this is a book about it." As Gay's prologue notes, "if there were Feedback German romantics and French romantics, they did not start from the same initial impulse, did not develop the same cultural expressions in their literature and their art" (xii-xiii). Proposing, then, to talk of romanticisms--the plural is used throughout the book, as in most discussions of romanticism(s) these days--he treats the movement as a "large . far-flung family" (19) rather than as homogeneous. Gay nonetheless finds certain shared preoccupations, primarily in French and German literature, visual art, and music between the late eighteenth century and the mid-twentieth century. Peter Gay died at 91 in 2015, the year this book was published. Not surprisingly, since his thirty-some previous books have covered Weimar, Freud, the Enlightenment, and Modernism, a good deal of this new book highlights modernity and modernism with some glances back at the eighteenth century. Thus he tacitly argues that the romanticisms he explores not only emerged from the Enlightenment but also persisted well into the twentieth century. As Gay concludes in a brief epilogue, twentieth-century novelists, poets, composers, painters, dramatists, and architects "lived off the [romantic] past" (116), suggesting that modernity is a cluster of romanticisms under a different name.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Walser, Paul Scheerbart, and Joseph Roth Vi
    Telling Technology Contesting Narratives of Progress in Modernist Literature: Robert Walser, Paul Scheerbart, and Joseph Roth Vincent Hessling Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2018 © 2018 Vincent Hessling All rights reserved ABSTRACT Telling Technology Contesting Narratives of Progress in Modernist Literature: Robert Walser, Paul Scheerbart, and Joseph Roth Vincent Hessling Telling technology explores how modernist literature makes sense of technological change by means of narration. The dissertation consists of three case studies focusing on narrative texts by Robert Walser, Paul Scheerbart, and Joseph Roth. These authors write at a time when a crisis of ‘progress,’ understood as a basic concept of history, coincides with a crisis of narra- tion in the form of anthropocentric, action-based storytelling. Through close readings of their technographic writing, the case studies investigate how the three authors develop alter- native forms of narration so as to tackle the questions posed by the sweeping technological change in their day. Along with a deeper understanding of the individual literary texts, the dissertation establishes a theoretical framework to discuss questions of modern technology and agency through the lens of narrative theory. Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii INTRODUCTION: Toward a Narratology of Technological Change 1 CHAPTER I: Robert Walser’s Der Gehülfe: A Zero-Grade Narrative of Progress 26 1. The Employee as a Modern Topos 26 2. The Master and the Servant: A Farce on Progress 41 3. Irony of ‘Kaleidoscopic Focalization’ 50 4. The Inventions and their Distribution 55 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Select Bibliography
    SELECT BIbLIOGRAPHY Aesop. Aesop’s Fables. With instructive morals and refections, abstracted from all party considerations, adapted to all capacities; and design’d to promote religion, morality, and universal benevolence (London: J. F. and C. Rivington, T. Longman, B. Law, W. Nicol, G. G. J. and J. Robinson, T. Cadell, R. Balwin, S. Hayes, W. Goldsmith, W. Lowndes, and Power and Co., ?1775). Aesop. Bewick’s Select Fables, In Three Parts (Newcastle: Thomas Saint, 1784). Aesop. Old Friends in a New Dress; or, Select Fables of Aesop, in verse (London: Darton & Harvey, 1809). Aikin, John, and Anna Laetitia Barbauld. Evenings at Home; or, the Juvenile Budget Opened. Consisting of a Variety of Miscellaneous Pieces, for the Instruction and Amusement of Young Persons (London: J. Johnson, 1792). Alberti, Samuel J. M. M. ‘The Museum Affect: Visiting Collections of Anatomy and Natural History’, in Aileen Fyfe and Bernard Lightman (eds), Science in the Marketplace: Nineteenth-Century Sites and Experiences (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2007), pp. 371–403. Allen, David Elliston. The Naturalist in Britain: A Social History (Princeton: Princeton University Press, [1976] 1994). Allman, George James. ‘Critical Notes on the New Zealand Hydroida’, Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 8 (1875): 298–302. Allman, George James. ‘Description of Australian, Cape and other Hydroida, mostly new, from the collection of Miss H. Gatty’, Journal of the Linnean Society, 19 (1885): 132–61. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature 277 Switzerland AG 2021 L. Talairach, Animals, Museum Culture and Children’s Literature in Nineteenth-Century Britain, Palgrave Studies in Animals and Literature, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72527-3 278 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY Allman, George James.
    [Show full text]
  • Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thomas Carlyle on Slavery
    B093509 1 Examination Number: B093509 Title of work: Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thomas Carlyle on Slavery: Transatlantic Dissentions and Philosophical Connections Programme Name: MSc United States Literature Graduate School of Literatures, Languages & Cultures University of Edinburgh Word count: 15 000 Thomas Carlyle (1854) Ralph Waldo Emerson (1857) Source: archive.org/stream/pastandpresent06carlgoog#page/n10/mode/2up Source: ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/e/emerson/ralph_waldo/portrait.jpg B093509 2 Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thomas Carlyle on Slavery: Transatlantic Dissentions and Philosophical Connections Table of Contents Introduction 3 Chapter One: On Slavery and Labor: Racist Characterizations and 7 Economic Justifications Chapter Two On Democracy and Government: Ruling Elites and 21 Moral Diptychs Chapter Three On War and Abolition: Transoceanic Tensions and 35 Amicable Resolutions Conclusion 49 Bibliography 51 B093509 3 Introduction In his 1841 essay on “Friendship”, Ralph Waldo Emerson defined a “friend” as “a sort of paradox in nature” (348). Perhaps emulating that paradoxical essence, Emerson’s essay was pervaded with constant contradictions: while reiterating his belief in the “absolute insulation of man” (353), Emerson simultaneously depicted “friends” as those who “recognize the deep identity which beneath these disparities unites them” (“Friendship” 350). Relating back to the Platonic myth of recognition, by which one’s soul recognizes what it had previously seen and forgotten, Emerson defined a friend as that “Other” in which one is able to perceive oneself. As Johannes Voelz argued in Transcendental Resistance, “for Emerson, friendship … is a relationship from which we want to extract identity. Friendship is a relationship from which we seek recognition” (137). Indeed, Emerson was mostly concerned with what he called “high friendship” (“Friendship” 350) - an abstract ideality, which inevitably creates “a tension between potentiality and actuality” (Voelz 136).
    [Show full text]
  • On the Rise and Progress of Popular Disaffection,” in Es- Says, Moral and Political, 2 Vols
    Notes Introduction 1. Robert Southey, “On the Rise and Progress of Popular Disaffection,” in Es- says, Moral and Political, 2 vols. (1817; London: John Murray, 1832), II, 82. The identity of Junius remained a mystery, and even Edmund Burke was suspected. For an argument that he was Sir Philip Francis, see Alvar Ellegård, Who Was Junius? (The Hague, 1962). 2. Byron, “The Vision of Judgment” in Lord Byron: The Complete Poetical Works, ed. Jerome J. McGann and Barry Weller, 7 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980–92), VI, 309–45. 3. M. H. Abrams, Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Ro- mantic Literature (New York: W. W. Norton, 1971), p. 13. 4. See Anne K. Mellor, English Romantic Irony (Cambridge: Harvard Univer- sity Press, 1980). 5. Jerome J. McGann, The Romantic Ideology: A Critical Investigation (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1983), pp. 23–24. 6. Jerome J. McGann, Towards a Literature of Knowledge (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989), p. 39. 7. McGann, Towards a Literature of Knowledge, p. 39. 8. McGann, “Literary Pragmatics and the Editorial Horizon,” in Devils and Angels: Textual Editing and Literary Theory, ed. Philip Cohen (Charlottesville and London: University Press of Virginia, 1991), pp. 1–21 (13). 9. Marilyn Butler, “Satire and the Images of Self in the Romantic Period: The Long Tradition of Hazlitt’s Liber Amoris,” in English Satire and the Satiric Tradition, ed. Claude Rawson (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1984), 209–25 (209). 10. Stuart Curran, Poetic Form and British Romanticism (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), pp. 12–13. 11. Gary Dyer, British Satire and the Politics of Style, 1789–1832 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • LM Findlay in the French Revolution: a History
    L. M. Findlay "Maternity must forth": The Poetics and Politics of Gender in Carlyle's French Revolution In The French Revolution: A History ( 1837), Thomas Carlyle made a remarkable contribution to the history of discourse and to the legiti­ mation and dissemination of the idea of history qua discourse.' This work, born from the ashes of his own earlier manuscript, an irrecover­ able Ur-text leading us back to its equally irrecoverable 'origins' in French society at the end of the eighteenth century, represents a radical departure from the traditions of historical narrative.2 The enigmas of continuity I discontinuity conveyed so powerfully by the events of the Revolution and its aftermath are explored by Carlyle in ways that re-constitute political convulsion as the rending and repair of language as cultural fabric, or. to use terms more post-structuralist than Carlyl­ ean, as the process of rupture/suture in the rhetoric of temporality.3 The French Revolution, at once parodic and poetic, provisional and peremptory, announces itself as intertextual, epigraphic play, before paying tribute to the dialogic imagination in a series of dramatic and reflective periods which resonate throughout the poetry and prose of the Victorian period. In writing what Francis Jeffrey considered "undoubtedly the most poetical history the world has ever seen- and the most moral also,"4 Carlyle created an incurably reflexive idiom of astonishing modernity. And an important feature of this modernity­ indeed, a feature that provides a salutary reminder of the inevitably relative, historically mediated modernity of the discourse of periods earlier than our own - is the employment of countless versions of human gender to characterize and to contain the phenomenon of revolution.
    [Show full text]
  • 08 North Italy 1816
    1 BYRON’S CORRESPONDENCE AND JOURNALS 08: FROM NORTH ITALY, NOVEMBER 1816 Edited by Peter Cochran Work in progress, with frequent updates [indicated]. Letters not in the seventeen main files may be found in those containing the correspondences Byron / Annbella, Byron / Murray, Byron / Hobhouse, Byron / Moore, Byron / Scott, Byron / Kinnaird, Byron / The Shelleys , or Byron / Hoppner . UPDATED November 2010. Abbreviations B.: Byron; Mo: Moore; H.: Hobhouse; K.: Kinnaird; Mu.: Murray; Sh.: Shelley 1922: Lord Byron’s Correspondence Chiefly with Lady Melbourne, Mr Hobhouse, The Hon. Douglas Kinnaird, and P.B.Shelley (2 vols., John Murray 1922). BB: Byron’s Bulldog: The Letters of John Cam Hobhouse to Lord Byron, ed. Peter W.Graham (Columbus Ohio 1984) BLJ: Byron, George Gordon, Lord. Byron’s Letters and Journals . Ed. Leslie A. Marchand, 13 vols. London: John Murray 1973–94. Burnett: T.A.J. Burnett, The Rise and Fall of a Regency Dandy , John Murray, 1981. CSS: The Life and Correspondence of the Late Robert Southey , ed. C.C.Southey, Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, 6 vols 1849-1850. J.W.W.: Selections from the letters of Robert Southey , Ed. John Wood Warter, 4 vols, Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1856. LJ: The Works of Lord Byron, Letters and Journals . Ed. R. E. Prothero, 6 vols. London: John Murray, 1899-1904. LJM: The Letters of John Murray to Lord Byron . Ed. Andrew Nicholson, Liverpool University Press, 2007. NLS: National Library of Scotland. Q: Byron: A Self-Portrait; Letters and Diaries 1798 to 1824 . Ed. Peter Quennell, 2 vols, John Murray, 1950. Ramos: The letters of Robert Southey to John May, 1797 to 1838.
    [Show full text]
  • Haiti: Nearthquake, Haiti Is Still in Turmoil
    Volume XXXV • Number 3 January 2011 An invited comment by Louise K. Comfort early a year after its cata- strophic January 12, 2010, Haiti: Nearthquake, Haiti is still in turmoil. Debris clogs the streets. Shattered buildings block recon- struction. Twenty-four tent cities From still house an estimated 1.6 million Disaster to people, all waiting to rebuild their lives. Development One An outbreak of cholera has strained the already burdened health infrastructure, further im- periling a vulnerable population. A Year contested presidential election chal- lenges the governing capacity of the fragile nation. Much of the $5.3 After billion in international assistance has not been spent because of a lack of coherent plans and leadership to translate aid into action. Why—even with significant government and nongovernmental planning, substantial funds, and the obvious needs of a severely damaged environment—has the rebuilding process stalled in Haiti? to widespread poverty, illiteracy, and failing infrastructure. Economic and social conditions have declined steadily in The Haitian disaster context the past 50 years. The inability to move forward in Haiti is an organi- The resulting dysfunction has produced a set of condi- zational and policy conundrum. It defies the international tions that placed Haiti 145th out of 169 nations ranked on disaster assistance structure developed over more than 50 the United Nations’ index of human development (UNDP years in the international aid community. Several factors 2010). As a result, there was little capacity in Haiti that in- contribute to this situation. ternational organizations could connect to when mobilizing First, the catastrophic damage to the capital, Port-au- response.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Southey Poems Pdf
    Robert southey poems pdf Continue For the chairman of the Australian Ballet, see Robert Southee (businessman). This article needs additional quotes to verify. Please help improve this article by adding quotes to reliable sources. Non-sources of materials can be challenged and removed. Find sources: Robert Southee - news newspaper book scientist JSTOR (August 2018) (Learn, how and when to remove this template message) Robert SoutheyPortrait, c. 1795Born (1774-08-12)12 August 1774Bristole, EnglandDied21 March 1843 (1843-03-21) (age 68)London, EnglandOccupationPoet, historian, historian, historian, historian, historian, historian, historian, biographer, essayistLiter movementRoantisisspehit Fricker (1795-1838; her death)Carolina Ann Bowles (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (1839-1843; his death) Robert Southee (183 /ˈsaʊði/ or /ˈsʌði/; August 12, 1774 -March 21, 1843) was an English romantic poet and poet laureate from 1813 until his death. Like other lake poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Southee began as a radical but became steadily more conservative as he gained respect for Britain and its institutions. Other romantics, notably Byron, accused him of siding with the institution for money and status. He is remembered as the author of the poem After Blenheim and the original version of Goldilocks and the Three Bears. Life Robert Southey, Sir Francis Chantrey, 1832, National Portrait Gallery, London Robert Southee was born in Wine Street, Bristol, Robert Southey and Margaret Hill. He was educated at Westminster School in London (where he was expelled for writing an article in The Flagellant, attributing the invention to the devil), and at Balliol College, Oxford.
    [Show full text]