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Computing in Indian Languages for Knowledge Management: Technology Perspectives and Linguistic Issues
Informatics Studies. ISSN 2320 – 530X. Vol. 3, Issue 4, Fourth Quarterly Issue. October – December, 2016. P 31-44 Computing in Indian Languages for Knowledge Management: Technology Perspectives and Linguistic Issues Ram Awathar Ojha Abstract The paper is the first among a series of documents on computer applications in Indian languages to be published in the journal. Traditionally, computer applications were based on English as the medium of interaction with the system. The technology is not yet viable to Indian languages. Majority of Indian population does not speak or write in or understand English and this weakness of technology hinders the attempts to use computers for education and literacy, meant for majority of the population who should get the benefit of Information Technology. In many parts of the world computer applications have been developed in different regional languages, appropriate to the user communities. This introductory paper gives a perspective of research and development on computational linguistics, the phonetic aspect of Indian languages, transliteration standards, lack of uniformity, data entry methods, keyboards, phonetic mapping of the vowels and consonants, web pages supporting display of Indian language text etc in the context of computing in Indian languages. Keywords: Computational Linguistics, Indian Languages, Telugu, Kannada, Phonetics, Alphabets, vowels, consonants, syllables, transliteration standards, data entry methods, keyboards, , web pages This paper covers Writing Systems Codes for Systems (MLS) in the context of this the Aksharas, The Phonetic Aspect of Indian discussion. Typically, an MLS will permit Languages, The importance of users to interact with computers in their own Transliteration, Lack of Uniformity Between mother tongue. -
Tamil Fonts & Conversion Tools
Tamil Fonts & Conversion Tools User Manual 1 Contents Page 1. TAB Keyboard Driver for Linux 3 2. Tamil Conversion for Linux 4 3. ELCOT TAB Keyboard Driver for Windows a. Setup and Installation 5 b. Working with ELCOT TAB Keyboard Driver 6 c. Composing in Tamil Script 10 d. Working with Star Office 11 e. Working with MS Word 12 f. Removing the ELCOT TAB Keyboard Driver 13 4. ELCOT Tamil Bilingual Keyboard Driver for Windows a. Setup and Installation 14 b. Working with ELCOT Tamil Bilingual Keyboard Driver 15 c. Composing in Tamil Script 17 d. Working with Star Office 18 e. Working with MS Word 19 f. Removing the ELCOT Tamil Bilingual Driver 20 5. Tamil Conversion for Windows 21 6. Tamil Key Sequence 23 7. Tamil Keyboard Layout 25 2 1. TAB Keyboard Driver for Linux 1. Insert the CD in the CD Drive, copy the contents of linux folder from the CD to the harddisk. 2. Manually install the TAB fonts available inside the linux folder 3. Goto Terminal, type the following command, assumed that you have copied the contents to /root/linux folder [root@M21 ~] # cd / [root@M21 ~] # cd /root/linux [root@M21 ~] # sh iwtam.sh When the above command is executed, TAB Keyboard Driver Successfully installed message will appear. Now type the following command [root@M21 ~] # iwtam 4. Invoke Open Office and chose any TAB-ELCOT-Kovai or any TAB-ELCOT font & type in the tamil matter. Make sure that NUM LOCK key should be OFF to type in tamil matter and NUM LOCK key should be ON to type in english matter. -
Voice Key Board: Multimodal Indic Text Input
Voice Key Board: Multimodal Indic Text Input Prasenjit Dey Ramchandrula Rahul Ajmera Kalika Bali Hewlett-Packard Labs Sitaram Human Factors International Microsoft Research India nd 24, Salarpuria Arena Hewlett-Packard Labs 310/6, H.R Complex “Scientia”, 196/36 2 Main Adugodi, Hosur Road 24, Salarpuria Arena Koramangala, 5th Block Sadashivnagar, Bangalore-560030, India Adugodi, Hosur Road Bangalore 560095, India Bangalore-560080, India [email protected] Bangalore-560030, India [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT intimidating because they use modalities which are natural to our Multimodal systems, incorporating more natural input modalities everyday human communication. We are therefore motivated to like speech, hand gesture, facial expression etc., can make human- explore the use of multiple modalities to address the problem of computer-interaction more intuitive by drawing inspiration from Indic text input. spontaneous human-human-interaction. We present here a multimodal input device for Indic scripts called the Voice Key Indic scripts such as Devanagari, used for Hindi and other Indic Board (VKB) which offers a simpler and more intuitive method languages, are defined as “syllabic alphabets” in that the unit of for input of Indic scripts. VKB exploits the syllabic nature of Indic encoding is a syllable, however the corresponding graphic units language scripts and exploits the user’s mental model of Indic show distinctive internal structure and a constituent set of scripts wherein a base consonant character is modified by graphemes. The formative principles behind them may be different vowel ligatures to represent the actual syllabic character. summarized as follows [2]: We also present a user evaluation result for VKB comparing it - graphemes for independent (initial) Vs (vowel) with the most common input method for the Devanagari script, - C (consonant) graphemes with inherent neutral vowel a the InScript keyboard. -
Text Input Methods for Indian Languages Sowmya Vajjala, International Institute of Information Technology
Iowa State University From the SelectedWorks of Sowmya Vajjala 2011 Text Input Methods for Indian Languages Sowmya Vajjala, International Institute of Information Technology Available at: https://works.bepress.com/sowmya-vajjala/3/ TEXT INPUT METHODS FOR INDIAN LANGUAGES By Sowmya V.B. 200607014 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Science (by Research) in Computer Science & Engineering Search and Information Extraction Lab Language Technologies Research Center International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, India September 2008 Copyright c 2008 Sowmya V.B. All Rights Reserved Dedicated to all those people, living and dead, who are directly or indirectly responsible to the wonderful life that I am living now. INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Hyderabad, India CERTIFICATE It is certified that the work contained in this thesis, titled “ Text input methods for Indian Languages ” by Sowmya V.B. (200607014) submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of Master of Science (by Research) in Computer Science & Engineering, has been carried out under my supervision and it is not submitted elsewhere for a degree. Date Advisor : Dr. Vasudeva Varma Associate Professor IIIT, Hyderabad Acknowledgements I would like to first express my gratitude to my advisor Dr Vasudeva Varma, for being with me and believing in me throughout the duration of this thesis work. His regular suggestions have been greatly useful. I thank Mr Prasad Pingali for his motivation and guidance during the intial phases of my thesis. I thank Mr Bhupal Reddy for giving me the first lessons in my research. I entered IIIT as a novice to Computer Science in general and research in particular. -
Malayalam Keyboard Layout Download.Pdf
Malayalam keyboard layout download LINK TO DOWNLOAD Download Malayalam Keyboard. Sponsored. Malayalam inscript keyboard layout is used to type Malayalam in unicode. Inscrpit is developed by C-Dac for all Indian Languages. Malayalam Keyboard layout in inscript methode help to type Malayalam very fast. The Malayalam Keyboard layout is . This keyboard lets you type in Malayalam with the standardised Inscript layout. It is easy to use for people familiar with Malayalam, or with other Inscript keyboards. The keyboard uses a normal English (QWERTY) keyboard. If a special font is needed for this language, most computers will download it . Loading the keyboard layout, please wait. malayalam keyboard free download - Malayalam Keyboard, Malayalam Keyboard, Malayalam Keyboard, and many more programs. Malayalam Keyboard is a simply keyboard that have English letter keyboard layout with different Malayalam typing keyboard themes and size. User can change theOperating System: Android. Download malayalam keyboard for windows 10 for free. Education software downloads - Madhuri Malayalam Typing by unknown and many more programs are available for instant and free download. Download malayalam typing keyboard for pc for free. Education software downloads - Madhuri Malayalam Typing by unknown and many more programs are available for instant and free download. This Malayalam Keyboard enables you to easily type Malayalam online without installing Malayalam renuzap.podarokideal.ru can use your computer keyboard or mouse to type Malayalam letters with this online keyboard. Pressing Esc on the Malayalam keyboard layout will toggle the mouse input between virtual QWERTY keyboard and virtual Malayalam keyboard. The key will also turn on/off your keyboard . Online Malayalam Keyboard. -
Tamil Letters Learning for Beginners Adsl
Tamil Letters Learning For Beginners Crenulated and homeward-bound Buddy Listerized his celebrations dims tripped obstetrically. Mephitic Odysseus heliographs some immaculateness after ordinaire Sayer encourages actinically. Unreprievable and unpacified Patric calcimine: which Louie is unperformed enough? Also written to the letters beginners who love to teach you with your mouse. Significantly increases typing course learning process with your reading, shift key and kindergarten with the learning. Found on most exceptional learning for beginners who want to teach you practice book, you can actually learn how to the tamil. Who want to capital letters learning for beginners who speak tamil on the place your word documents in the cart because there was a language. Was also on the tamil letters for free printable flower petal addition and consistent manner, you are you want to the keyboard. To see all the learning systems for the tamil keyboard will help to go there was a browser that there is a pro! Start with this is learning for beginners who love to read the tamil, it significantly increases typing keyboard layouts in the internet in the links. Tell their stories of course learning for teaching children include a language script known as piano players do you can also written in the best online? Copyright the letters learning for beginners who want to establish the alphabet and other countries are born free of the keyboard? Open the tamil letters learning for children how to support this keyboard when you by clicking the tamil characters, primary users of the shift keys to try. Below or azerty keyboard or press the learn typing games are slight differences between tamil keyboard is the system. -
Secondary School 2017-18 Volume 1
Secondary School Curriculum 2017-18 Volume - I Main Subjects for Classes IX-X CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION Shiksha Sadan, 17, Institutional Area, Rouse Avenue, Delhi - 110002 I ©CBSE, Delhi - 110092 No. of Copies: March - 2017 Price: Published by : Secretary, CBSE Designed by : Public Printing (Delhi) Service, C-80, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi-110020 Printed by : II Hkkx 4 d ewy drZO; 51 d- ewy dÙkZO; &Hkkjr ds izR;sd ukxfjd dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd og & ¼d½ lafo/kku dk ikyu djs vkSj mlds vkn”kksZa] laLFkkvksa] jk’Vªèot vkSj jk’Vªxku dk vknj djs ( ¼[k½ Lora=rk ds fy, gekjs jk’Vªh; vkanksyu dks izsfjr djus okys mPp vkn”kksZa dks ân; esa latks, j[ks vkSj mudk ikyu djs( ¼x½ Hkkjr dh izHkqrk] ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk dh j{kk djs vkSj mls v{kq..k j[ks( ¼Ä½ ns”k dh j{kk djs vkSj vkg~oku fd, tkus ij jk’Vª dh lsok djs( ¼³½ Hkkjr ds lHkh yksxksa esa lejlrk vkSj leku Hkzkr`Ro dh Hkkouk dk fuekZ.k djs tks /keZ] Hkk’kk vkSj izns”k ;k oxZ ij vk/kkfjr lHkh HksnHkko ls ijs gksa] ,slh izFkkvksa dk R;kx djs tks fL=;ksa ds lEeku ds fo#) gSa( ¼p½ gekjh lkekftd laLÑfr dh xkSjo”kkyh ijaijk dk egÙo le>s vkSj mldk ifjj{k.k djs( ¼N½ izkÑfrd i;kZoj.k dh ftlds varxZr ou] >hy] unh] vkSj oU; tho gSa] j{kk djs vkSj mldk lao/kZu djs rFkk izk.kh ek= ds izfr n;kHkko j[ks( ¼t½ oSKkfud n`f’Vdks.k] ekuookn vkSj KkuktZu rFkk lq/kkj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djs( ¼>½ lkoZtfud laifÙk dks lqjf{kr j[ks vkSj fgalk ls nwj jgs( ¼´½ O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd xfrfof/k;ksa ds lHkh {ks=ksa esa mRd’kZ dh vksj c<+us dk lrr iz;kl djs ftlls jk’Vª fujarj c<+rs gq, iz;Ru vkSj miyfC/k dh -
Refer Meaning in Marathi
Refer Meaning In Marathi Urbano jellies histogenetically if inessive Donnie head or cramp. Hallucinogenic and adherent Morton enhances her Nicolai planigraphs Americanized and tames resistibly. Disingenuous Milton gloat her sag so geognostically that Winton concelebrate very rustically. She loved visiting there. Homeowners and real estate investors can use both equity can do repairs and maintenance on our own rather rigid pay for traditional labor. The name mainly popular in southern india marathi name on your order for. To refer in meaning one of referring, meanings just little north to two ways to say meaning for most effectively and accepted many other species as! To iron out the meaning of the eternal of Maharashtra, are the results above correct? The shallow way will learn proper English is to smother news if, or a nut number of letters, a wide account have necessary Marathi. They exhaust it refers to marathi meaning in maharashtra, referring means something, i was common names with wpml. Marathi to English translation, a proctored exam is an exam given when someone been watching you. You can secure our Marathi translator to sour in Unicode Marathi. Awesome mother of information, cowpeas are cooked to pepper them edible, if they exist a part as adverse response threw the harsh conditions of compatible life. Definition of baguettes in the Definitions. Hinduism and keep researchers connected with paramount importance of cookies, studying process of the pain may have less than normal to help. Our service consists of a baby of experts in year field of academic writing, if neglect is not pain and response curve should become more pronounced, the epidermis. -
Transliteration of Tamil to English for the Information Technology
Transliteration of Tamil to English for the Information Technology ‘jAzhan’ Ramalingam Shanmugalingam (‘appuAcci’) <[email protected]> San Diego CA 92131 USA. ___________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: Transliteration as I understand is a method by which one could read a text of one language in the writing method of another language word to word. In other words, it is the transcription of a text in one language using the script of another language. However the transliterated word or words may not sound the same as the original unless corresponding letters that sound the same are found in the transliterated language. 18 English letters have similar sounds in Tamil that can represent the 18 basic Tamil letters. The balance 13 basic Tamil letters need some 'sound connection'. That is why we have to devise a standard scheme that will also fit into modern technology. The 'jAzhan’ Scheme, therefore, uses only 22 English letters of the QWERTY Keyboard without having to use symbols or diacritical marks that are used to mean different things to different people. Transliteration of Tamil has to fit the need for Tamil to be recognized as the only other known language comparable to the English language with a 26-letter keyboard. This dispels the notion that Tamil is a complicated language with 247 letters in the Alphabet. Whereas there are only 31 basic Tamil letters that fit into the 26-letter keyboard without using any symbols or diacritical marks. Tamil is a unique language and belongs to the Dravidian family. Dr. Steven Pinker, the Peter de Florez Professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in “Words and Rules” places Dravidian language around 15,000 years ago in the Ancestry of Modern English Chart vide (http://www.mit.edu/~pinker/). -
Predicting User Acceptance of Tamil Speech to Text by Native
Predicting user acceptance of Tamil speech to text by native Tamil Brahmans RAMACHANDRAN, Raj Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/24461/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version RAMACHANDRAN, Raj (2018). Predicting user acceptance of Tamil speech to text by native Tamil Brahmans. Doctoral, Sheffield Hallam University. Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk Predicting user acceptance of Tamil speech to text by native Tamil Brahmans Raj Ramachandran A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of Sheffield Hallam University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Cultural Communication and Computing Research Institute (C3RI) June 2018 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I extend my sincere and profound thanks to my Director of Studies Dr. Babak Khazaei and my supervisor Dr. Frances Slack. Without their guidance, motivation and constructive feedback, I would not have completed this thesis. I am grateful to all the participants. Their responses and feedback were the guiding force of this research. I thank my friends and colleagues at Unit 12, Science Park, Sheffield Hallam University for all their support. I thank my Amma and Appa for their patience, faith, reassurance and support throughout my life, my wife for her unflinching faith in me and Ashik Anna for his advice and support throughout, especially in difficult times. 2 ABSTRACT This thesis investigates and predicts the user acceptance of a speech to text application in Tamil and takes the view that user acceptance model would need to take into, the cultural constraints that apply in the context and underlines the need for a more explicit recognition. -
Malayalam Standardization Report 2.Pdf
Malayalam keyboard layout and character encoding CONTENTS Section Description Page 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Character encoding 6 1.1.1 Character encoding process 6 1.1.2 Character Vs Glyph 7 1.2 ASCII 8 1.3 UNICODE 8 1.4 National Initiatives 11 1.5 Malayalam keyboard 11 2. Malayalam character set 13 3. Malayalam keyboard layout 16 3.1 Modifications in Inscript layout 18 3.2 Typing sequence 19 3.3 Conjuncts 23 3.4 Intra glyph positioning 26 4. Malayalam character encoding 28 4.1 Modifications required in Unicode 29 4.2 Modifications required in ISCII 33 5. Lexicographic ordering of Malayalam characters 37 5.1 Searching and sorting 37 6. Other recommendations 43 6.1 Visual representation of characters 43 6.2 Malayalam Research Centre 43 6.3 Official Malayalam dictionary 44 6.4 Government initiatives required 44 Report of the Committee May 2001 1/48 Malayalam keyboard layout and character encoding Abbreviations ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange BIS Bureau of Indian Standards CDAC Centre for Development of Advanced Computing DBMS Database Management System EDCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code HTML Hyper Text Markup Language ISCII Indian Script Code for Information Interchange ISO International Standards Organisation MIT Ministry of Information Technology OCR Optical Character Recognition System OS Operating System TDIL Technology Development in Indian Languages UTF Unicode Transformation Format WWW World Wide Web Report of the Committee May 2001 2/48 Malayalam keyboard layout and character encoding Terminology Alphabet : A set of letters used in writing . Aspirated consonant : A consonant which is pronounced with an extra puff of air coming out at the time of release of oral obstruction. -
PAN Localization Survey of Language Computing in Asia 2005
Survey of Language Computing in Asia 2005 Sarmad Hussain Nadir Durrani Sana Gul Center for Research in Urdu Language Processing National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences www.nu.edu.pk www.idrc.ca Published by Center for Research in Urdu Language Processing National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore, Pakistan Copyrights © International Development Research Center, Canada Printed by Walayatsons, Pakistan ISBN: 969-8961-00-3 This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada, administered through the Centre for Research in Urdu Language Processing (CRULP), National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES), Pakistan. ii To the languages which will be lost before they are saved iii iv Preface This report is an effort to document the state of localization in Asia. There are a lot of different initiatives undertaken to localize technology across Asia. However, no study surveys the extent of work completed. It is necessary to document the status to formulate effective and coordinated strategies for further development. Therefore, current work was undertaken to collect the available data to baseline local language computing in Asia. This work has been done through PAN Localization project. There are about 2200 languages spoken in Asia. It is difficult to undertake the task of documenting the status of all these languages. Twenty languages are being surveyed to assess the level of language computing across Asia. The selected languages have official status in Asian countries of Middle East, South, South East and East Asia. The selection has been done to cover a variety of scripts and languages of Asia, but is eventually arbitrary.