On the Occurrence of Thysanoptera in Poland

340 THRIPS AND TOSPOVIRUSES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THYSANOPTERA 341 On the occurrence of Thysanoptera in Poland Halina Kucharczyk1 and Irena Zawirska2 1Dept. of Zoology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Str., 20-033 Lublin, Poland; 2 4/4 Sewerynów Str., 00-331 Warszawa, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The paper reviews our knowledge of Thysanoptera in Poland. A total of 216 species are recorded from Poland, but 34 of these have been recorded only once and at one locality, and 7 of these date from before World War II. During the last 10 years, 25 more thrips species have been found in Poland, and a lot of species have been noted at new localities in different regions. The best known fauna is that of xerothermic habitats that are typical of big river valleys of upland areas in central and eastern Poland. Introduction information about 86 species, 5 of which were Poland lies on the border between two large later considered as synonyms, while 6 come from physiographical regions, the Central-European the areas that at present lie outside Poland. Both Lowland and the Eastern-European Lowland. In Schille and Kèler mentioned species that have not the fork created by the San and Vistula Rivers is been observed again: Ankothrips niezabitowskii the northern border of the region of the Western (Schille, 1911), Notothrips albovittatus (Schille, Carpathian Mountains and the Carpathian 1910) and Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Haliday, Foothills. The vegetation of the country has a 1836) (Table 1) (Kèler 1936, Zawirska 1988). transitional character, with oceanic influence In the 1930s and 1940s Oettingen carried in the west and an increasingly continental out research on thrips in the vicinity of Gorzów character towards the east. This is indicated by the Wielkopolski and Świecie-on-Vistula (which at increasing number of steppe species in the valleys that time were part of Germany). He recorded of the Vistula, Bug, Wieprz and Nida Rivers, on 59 species, of which Aeolothrips pulcher the hilltops of the upland areas as well as in the (Oettingen, 1943), Anaphothrips mohelensis increasing number of coniferous trees typical of (Pelikan, 1949), Sminyothrips biuncinatus lowland areas of Eurasia in the forests of eastern (Uzel, 1895) and Hoplothrips caespitis (Uzel Poland (Starkel 1991). The transitional character 1895) have never been observed again in Poland of the flora affects the fauna of the country, and so (Table 1) (Oettingen 1942, Zawirska 1988). for many species of mammals, birds and butterflies After the Second World War most data on this area is their geographical limit. Observations the thrips fauna have come from the research of Thysanoptera species in Poland and east of of Sęczkowska (1966, 1971, 1972, 1975), it could yield information about the range of Zawirska (1970, 1987, 1988) and Kucharczyk occurrence of European and Euro-Siberian species. (1994, 1996, 1999a), and to a smaller extent Gromadska (1954, 1959) and Pokuta (1991). Historical review The first data on the Thysanoptera of Poland Current state of Thysanoptera research in date back to 1902 – 1905 and cover information Poland collected by Schille on the fauna of the Poprad Kèler concluded in his Catalogue (1936) that, River valley in the Beskid Sądecki Mountains as assuming the specimens had been correctly well as some information on the Tatra Mountains identified, it was possible to find 200 species of and the Kraków area (Schille 1902, 1905, 1911). thrips in Poland. In 1988, Zawirska published In 1936 Kèler prepared the first catalogue of a list of Thysanoptera containing 151 species Thysanoptera occurring in Poland (within its (including the data from the pre-war times), then borders). The catalogue covered the data and in another list from 1990 there are 191 gathered by Schille and the author and included species (Zawirska 1988, 1990). The latest 342 ON THE OCCURRENCE OF THYSANOPTERA IN POLAND THRIPS AND TOSPOVIRUSES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THYSANOPTERA 343 list of Thysanoptera species recorded from 1852), Poecilothrips albopictus Uzel, 1895 and Poland, including the data coming from the Treherniella inferna (Priesner, 1922). Also, last ten years of research, contains 216 species. within the last few years the fauna of peat-bog Since 1960, Catalogues of the Polish Fauna communities has become much better known, have been published, presenting all the data on the mainly due to the research in the Poleski occurrence of various groups of animals in Poland. National Park and in the Sandomierz Basin. 41 volumes of the Catalogues are to be published, During the research several rare species have one of which is to be devoted to Thysanoptera. In been observed: Anaphothrips badius (Williams, the Catalogues, the whole area of Poland has been 1913), Pelikanothrips kratochvili (Pelikan, 1947), divided into 25 regions on the basis of geographical Thrips menyanthidis Bagnall,1923, Megalothrips and floristic differences between them. The bonnani Uzel, 1895 and Bolothrips dentipes distribution of thrips known from Poland has been (O.M. Reuter, 1880) (Kucharczyk 1996, 1998). analysed in all but one of the regions (the Baltic). In Poland, the best known is the fauna of xerothermic habitats, which are typical of big So far, the best known Thysanoptera fauna river valleys (the Vistula, Bug, Wieprz, Nida is that of the Lublin Upland, where 164 species Rivers) of upland areas in central and eastern have been recorded (76 per cent of the whole Poland; in such habitats rare xerothermophilous fauna of Poland). The research here has been species like Aptinothrips karnyi John, 1927, conducted for many years by Sęczkowska, Thrips praetermissus (Priesner, 1920) and Zawirska, and recently also Kucharczyk. 132 Prosopothrips vejdovskyi Uzel, 1895 have been species (61 per cent) have been found in the observed (Kucharczyk, Zawirska 1994). In the Mazovian Lowland during the research run by Vistula River valley Scolothrips uzeli (Schille, Zawirska. Also, thanks to the work done by 1910) has been found, which was recorded by Oettingen, Gromadska, and Zawirska the fauna Schille in the Poprad River valley in 1902. In of the Wielkopolsko-Kujawska Lowland (102 the Kraków area, in Galium vernum flowers species – 47 per cent) is relatively well known. Thrips incognitus Priesner 1914 was found, so Schille’s, Pokuta’s and Zawirska’s research in the far recorded only from the Lublin Upland in Western Beskidy Mountains (94 species – 43 per 1950s by Sęczkowska. New in the polish fauna cent) has contributed considerably to increasing is Odontothrips cytisi Morison, 1928, collected in our knowledge of Thysanoptera. In the remaining 2000 from Chamaecytisus albus flowers occurring regions the number of recorded species ranges in xerothermic grasslands in the Bug River from 0 or just a few (the Trzebnickie Hills, the valley. Now the researches on fauna of Słowiński Nowy Targ Basin, the Sudety Mountains) to National Park and the Bug River valley are carried approx. 80 (the Sandomierz Basin, the Kraków- out and their results have not been published yet. Wieluń Upland and the Małopolska Upland). Among the 216 species recorded from The latest research conducted by Kucharczyk Poland so far, only half have been found in more in the Białowieża Primeval Forest, in the than 5 regions, which points to the fact that the Sandomierz Basin and Roztocze has considerably fauna of certain areas of Poland is better known widened our hitherto incomplete knowledge of than that of others. 33 species have been recorded the fauna of forest areas (Kucharczyk 1999b, only once, out of which 7 were observed before Kucharczyk, Sęczkowska 1990). In various forest World War II, while the remaining ones within communities of eastern Poland 75 Thysanoptera the last forty years (Table 1). In many cases the species have been recorded. In the Białowieża reason for it could lie in problems with identifying Primeval Forest Hoplandrthrips williamsianus particular species; however, it is also possible that Priesner, 1923 and Phlaeothrips annulipes O.M. for some of the species Poland is the geographical Reuter, 1880 have been observed for the first limit of their occurrence. The identification of time. Rare in Poland are also species recorded some species is most probably incorrect (e.g. from various types of forests in this area: Thrips Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner, 1961, fulvipes Bagnall, 1923, Holothrips schaubergeri Hoplothrips quercinus Knechtel, 1935), however, (Priesner, 1920), Megathrips lativentris (Heeger, it cannot be verified due to lack of specimens. 342 THRIPS AND TOSPOVIRUSES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THYSANOPTERA 343 Species Authors Aeolothrips pulcher Oettingen, 1943 2 Ankothrips niezabitowskii (Schille, 1910) 1 Dendrothrips karnyi Priesner, 1921 4 Idolimothrips paradoxus Priesner, 1920 4 Iridothrips mariae Pelikan, 1961 5 Kakothrips dentatus Knechtel, 1938 4 Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski, 1894 4 Odontothrips cytisi Morison, 1928 6 Oxythrips cannabensis Knechtel, 1923 4 Oxythrips tatricus Pelikan, 1955 6 Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Haliday, 1836) 3 Stenchaetothrips biformis (Bagnall, 1913) 5 Sphaeropothrips vittipennis (Bagnall, 1927) 5 Sminyothrips biuncinatus Uzel, 1895 2 Thermothrips mohelensis (Pelikan, 1949) 2 Thrips crassicornis Bagnall, 1923 5 Thrips euphorbiae Knechtel, 1922 5 Thrips praetermissus Priesner, 1920 6 Bolothrips cingulatus (Karny, 1916) 5 Eurytrichothrips affinis (O.M. Reuter, 1899) 5 Haplothrips

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