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Environmental Assessment Environmental Assessment Oakdale Irrigation District and South San Joaquin Irrigation District Reservoir Water Transfer California Great Basin - Interior Region 10 CGB-EA-2021-48 U.S. Department of the Interior Interior Region 10 – California Great Basin Central California Area Office August 2021 Mission Statements The Department of the Interior (DOI) conserves and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage for the benefit and enjoyment of the American people, provides scientific and other information about natural resources and natural hazards to address societal challenges and create opportunities for the American people, and honors the Nation’s trust responsibilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated island communities to help them prosper. The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Purpose and Need ............................................................................................................................ 1-2 Chapter 2 Alternatives ......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 No Action .......................................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Proposed Action ............................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Environmental Commitments ........................................................................................................ 2-3 Chapter 3 Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences ............................... 3-1 3.1 Resources Not Analyzed in Detail ................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.1 Indian Trust Assets (ITAs) .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Indian Sacred Sites .................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.3 Cultural Resources .................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.4 Environmental Justice ............................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1.5 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2 Water Resources ............................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2.2 Environmental Consequences .............................................................................................. 3-0 3.3 Biological Resources ......................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.3.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................... 3-1 3.3.2 Environmental Consequences .............................................................................................. 3-3 3.4 Recreation .......................................................................................................................................... 3-7 3.4.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................... 3-7 3.4.2 Environmental Consequences .............................................................................................. 3-8 3.5 Power .................................................................................................................................................. 3-8 3.5.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................... 3-8 3.5.2 Environmental Consequences .............................................................................................. 3-9 3.6 Cumulative Impacts .......................................................................................................................... 3-9 3.6.1 Cumulative Projects .............................................................................................................. 3-10 3.6.2 Water Resources ................................................................................................................... 3-11 3.6.3 Biological Resources ............................................................................................................. 3-11 Chapter 4 Consultation and Coordination .......................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Public Review Period ....................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Endangered Species Act (16 USC § 1531 et seq.) ........................................................................ 4-1 4.3 Agency Involvement ........................................................................................................................ 4-1 Chapter 5 References .......................................................................................................... 5-1 i DRAFT – August 2021 Oakdale Irrigation District and South San Joaquin Irrigation District Reservoir Release Water Transfer Draft Environmental Assessment Tables Table 3-1. Biological Resources of Concern with Potential to Occur in the Project Area ...... 3-2 Figures Figure 1-1. Project Location .............................................................................................................. 1-2 Figure 2-1. Projected flow releases through Stanislaus River under No Action and Proposed Action (Scenario 1), and Proposed Action (Scenario 2) ...................... 2-2 Figure 3-1. Crop Mapping .................................................................................................................. 3-0 Figure 3-2. New Melones Reservoir storage under No Action and Proposed Action ............. 3-0 Appendices Appendix A Indian Trust Assets Appendix Appendix B Cultural Resources Compliance Appendix C Groundwater Monitoring Appendix Appendix D Biological Resources Appendix ii DRAFT – August 2021 Chapter 1 Introduction In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has prepared this Environmental Assessment (EA) to evaluate and disclose any potential environmental impacts associated with the actions related to approving water transfer between Oakdale Irrigation District (OID) and South San Joaquin Irrigation District (SSJID), collectively known as the districts, and the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority (SLDMWA) for use by its participating member agencies (Participating Members) for water year (WY) 2021. In this proposed water transfer, OID and SSJID would make water available for transfer from New Melones Reservoir that otherwise would have remained in storage. 1.1 Background Due to the critical dry conditions in WY 2021, the Participating Members have not received adequate water supply allocations to meet their water demand, and through SLDMWA, the Participating Members are soliciting a water transfer from OID and SSJID. In 1988, OID and SSJID entered into an Agreement and Stipulation with Reclamation that recognizes and protects the water rights of OID and SSJID. This 1988 Agreement and Stipulation committed Reclamation to deliver water to the districts in recognition of the districts’ pre-1914 water rights1. Under an operations agreement between Reclamation and the districts, the districts operate Goodwin Dam. Historically, Reclamation has released water from Goodwin Dam to the Stanislaus River to meet Reclamation’s instream flow and water quality commitments, and water quality and flow objectives at Vernalis. Reclamation delivers water to the districts for diversion at Goodwin Dam. The districts have a maximum annual entitlement of up to 600,000 acre-feet (AF) (OID, 2005). Under the terms of the 1988 Agreement, the districts may carry over unused water into subsequent water years by leaving the “conserved water” in storage in New Melones Reservoir up to a cumulative total amount of 200,000 AF). SLDMWA consists of 27 member agencies representing water service contractors and San Joaquin River Exchange Contractors. The SLDMWA service area consists primarily of agricultural lands on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley (Figure 1-1). Agricultural water use occurs on approximately 850,000 irrigated acres. Water for habitat management occurs on approximately 120,000 acres of refuge lands. Relative to agricultural uses, there is limited municipal and industrial (M&I) water use in the San Joaquin Valley area. The SLDMWA does not directly supply water, but it assists its participating member agencies to secure
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