DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 5 Community Action Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 5 Community Action Plan The Study for Socio-Economic Reconstruction and Development of Conflict-Affected Areas in Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER CHAPTER 5 COMMUNITY ACTION PLAN 5.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter will present the major analytical work derived from the results of the social surveys, covering both the Barangay Profiling which is discussed in Chapter 1 and the IBNA which was intensively discussed in Chapter 2. The findings of the IBNA and the Barangay Profiling were reviewed and cross-checked to describe an accurate picture of the current status of barangays in the conflict-affected areas (CAAM) and to introduce an action plan designed for their development. The latter is named the Community Action Plan or CAP. The ultimate goal of this study is the comprehensive formulation of a Socio Economic Development Plan (SEDP) designed for CAAM. This SEDP is sub-divided into four sections according to a timeline: namely, The Emergency Plan, The Short-term Plan, The Mid-term Plan, and The Long-term Plan. The Urgent Plan literally addresses the immediate rehabilitation and development needs of people at the community level so as to ensure human security in CAAM and prepare a foundation for broad-based development in the future. The CAP, which this chapter is aiming to propose, not only constitutes the core of the Emergency Plan but also underlies the Short-term Plan as well, thus significantly contributing to the formulation of the SEDP in the end. Specifically, the CAP is intended to provide concrete project options of various types that are ready for implementation in the immediate future. The CAP is therefore somewhat self-contained and quasi-independent from the entire structure of the SEDP which, in contrast, presents a comprehensive grand design and an overall strategy for socio-economic development in CAAM. It is imperative for the CAP to reflect the actual situation of the CAAM communities, respond to the actual needs, and address the issues people living there feel strongly about. Schematically speaking, the Barangay Profiling helped CAP depict the “actual situation” of the communities, in CAAM; while the IBNA reflected the “strongly felt needs” of people. It is however, apparently not easy to draw a line between the two aspects. In the following sections, we will first review the findings of the Barangay Profiling, and then move to the results of the IBNA, and finally integrate them to work out a CAP. In addition, a comparative analysis will be made concerning the existing studies of a similar nature that other donors have conducted in this area of the Philippines. S5-1 The Study for Socio-Economic Reconstruction and Development of Conflict-Affected Areas in Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER A few notes should be put on here. • This chapter includes many municipality-wise GIS maps to help readers understand geographical distribution of various subjects. Raw data and numerical statistics used for constructing these maps are not presented here due to the inconvenience of a large space the inclusion of such raw data requires. If the reader is interested in numerical basis of these maps, please use the Barangay Database which is one of products of this study. The Barangay Database may be obtained through the JICA Philippines Office. • Some readers may also notice that province-wise tables contained in this chapter are not translated into maps unlike municipality-wise GIS maps. This is because of possible misinterpretations such maps may lead to. This chapter is based largely on barangay data and to a lesser extent on municipality data. In some provinces, too small a number of samples are collected to justify painting a color in the entire area of province, which will be apparently misleading. Therefore the Study Team decided not to present province-wise GIS map in this chapter. 5.2 ANALYSIS OF BARANGAY PROFILING The Barangay Profiling successfully surveyed the socio-economic status of 3,532 barangays out of 3,856 target barangays through questionnaires and interviews. However, the rapidly deteriorating security conditions in Mindanao have blocked the implementation of the Barangay Profiling of all targeted barangays. Still, 92% of them were completed because of the extraordinary efforts of the project field workers, the BDA and barangay officials, under difficult circumstances. In order to clarify the socio-economics of the CAAM, the data gathered through the Barangay Profiling is summed up and analyzed on different layers, which are 1) the statistical universe of the entire CAAM area; 2) The provinces, 3) the areas comprising the three different topographical types, and 4) the ARMM and non-ARMM areas. Regarding the provinces, it is necessary to state that the data are merely representative of barangays which belong to CAAM within a province. Since some provinces only have a few barangays in CAAM, the survey results should not necessarily be interpreted as representing the whole province. This is particularly so in Davao Oriental, Compostela Valley, Sarangani and South Cotabato; because the number of samples is too small to represent the whole province in these cases. The three topographical types are Coastal, Highland and Planes. Barangays with a shoreline S5-2 The Study for Socio-Economic Reconstruction and Development of Conflict-Affected Areas in Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER are classified as Coastal, ones located in mountainous areas are classified as Highland, and all other barangays are classified as Planes. The barangays were categorized into these types with GIS map information brought by the Field Teams. However, it is important to note that classification into these three topographical types is not based on objective numerical data. Correlation analysis was also undertaken to understand the relationship between socio-economic variables on this layer. The Barangay Profiling has also gathered information on development needs from barangay officials. However, we consider that it is not as accurate as the development needs identified though the IBNA since the Barangay Profiling does not include a process of consensus making in communities. As a result, the Barangay Profiling tends to represent the needs perceived from the community leaders’ point of view. We should therefore assume that the Barangay Profiling data on development needs are best used to understand the general tendency of the development needs structure in CAAM. Yet, we will see later, the overall similarities as well as specific differences that exist between the needs identified through IBNA and the Barangay Profiling. The following describes only the broad overall socio-economic situation of the CAAM on which the social survey has shed light. (1) Population According to the survey, the total population of the CAAM is 5,573,487, with the average population of a barangay being 1,625. The population density of the area is 224 people per sq. km. The population density of the southern CAAM is lower relative to that of the northern areas as reflected in Figure 5.2-1 below. Population Density 500 400 300 200 100 50 10 Figure 5.2-1 Population Density per km² by Municipality S5-3 The Study for Socio-Economic Reconstruction and Development of Conflict-Affected Areas in Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER Concerning the religious make up, the Muslim population slightly exceeds 50% of the total population in the entire CAAM. There is a clear trend in terms of religious distribution as shown in Figure 5.2-2. In ARMM areas, 89% of the total population is Muslim, while the same ratio is mere 27% in Non-ARMM CAAM (See Chart 5.2-1). It is expected that the proportion of the Muslim population in an area is positively correlated with the number of madrasah, or Muslim schools, in the area, but it is worrisome that the same population is negatively correlated with the number of health centers, day care centers and people’s organizations (PO). We speculate that this may be the result of physical damages and social hindrances – including weak governance – attributable to the political instability and prolonged conflict in areas with Muslim majorities. The comparison between ARMM and non-ARMM CAAM also highlights the comparative underdevelopment of ARMM areas in terms of educational facilities, health facilities, toilet facilities and electrification among other things. (%) 80 60 40 20 Figure 5.2-2 Proportion of the Muslim population by Municipality (%) S5-4 The Study for Socio-Economic Reconstruction and Development of Conflict-Affected Areas in Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER Chart 5.2-1 Muslim population in ARMM and Non-ARMM Areas (%) ARMM Non-ARMM The ethnicity in the region is composed mainly of four groups; i) Maguindanao, ii) Maranao, iii) Cebuano and iv) Illongo. These four groups combined account for more than 70% of the total population (See Chart 5.2-2). As shown in Figure 5.2-3, a geographical pattern appears in the distribution of the ethnic groups. Cebuano people live mainly in the Zamboanga Peninsula and the southern part of Mindanao. Maranao is the majority group in the Lanao area. The Maguindanao mostly live in the provinces surrounding Cotabato City, and from the edge of Maguindanao many Ilongo-majority barangays are present. Maguindanao Maranao Cebuano Ilonggo Ilocano Iranon Subanen Tawsog Tiruray Yakan Others Figure 5.2-3 Major Ethnic Groups by Municipality There is also a clear relationship between ethnicity and topographical types as shown in Chart 5.2-3. The Plains areas have a higher Maguindanao population, while Maranao and Cebuano are the largest ethnic groups in the Highlands and Coastal areas respectively. S5-5 The Study for Socio-Economic Reconstruction and Development of Conflict-Affected Areas in Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER In the context of ARMM and non-ARMM areas, ARMM areas have larger Maguindanao and Maranao populations, the combination of which accounts for almost 70% of the total population.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ang Higante Sa Gubat
    Isabela School of Arts and Trades, Ilagan Quirino Isabela College of Arts and Technology, Cauayan Cagayan Valley College of Quirino, Cabarroguis ISABELA COLLEGES, ▼ Cauayan Maddela Institute of Technology, Maddela ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼ Angadanan Quirino Polytechnic College, Diffun ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼Cabagan QUIRINO STATE COLLEGE ▼ Diffun, Quirino ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, Cauayan Polytechnic College, ▼Cauayan ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼Echague Region III (Central Luzon ) ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼Ilagan ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼Jones ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼Roxas Aurora ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼San Mariano AURORA STATE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, ▼ Baler ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY, ▼San Mateo Mount Carmel College, Baler Mallig Plains College, Mallig Mount Carmel College of Casiguran, Casiguran Metropolitan College of Science and Technology, Santiago Wesleyan University Philippines – Aurora Northeast Luzon Adventist School of Technology, Alicia Northeastern College, Santiago City Our Lady of the Pillar College of Cauayan, Inc., Cauayan Bataan Patria Sable Corpus College, Santiago City AMA Computer Learning Center, Balanga Philippine Normal University, Alicia Asian Pacific College of Advanced Studies, Inc., Balanga Southern Isabela College of Arts and Trade, Santiago City Bataan (Community) College, Bataan Central Colleges, Orani S ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY ▼ Echague, Isabela Bataan Heroes Memorial College, Balanga City Saint Ferdinand College-Cabagan, Cabagan BATAAN POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE, ▼Balanga City Saint Ferdinand
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Socio Economic Profile of the Study Area
    CHAPTER 3 SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA 3.1 SOCIAL CONDITIONS 3.1.1 Demographic Trend 1) Population Trends by Region Philippine population has been continuously increasing from 48.1million in 1980, 76.3 million in 2000 to 88.5million in 2007 with 2.15% of annual growth rate (2000-2007). Population of both Mindanao and ARMM also showed higher increases than national trend since 2000, from 18.1 in 2000 to 21.6 million in 2007 (AAGR: 2.52%), and 2.9 in 2000 to 4.1million in 2007 (AAGR: 5.27%), respectively. Population share of Mindanao to Philippines and of ARMM to Mindanao significantly increased from 23.8% to 24.4% and 15.9% to 24.4%, respectively. 100,000,000 90,000,000 Philippines Mindanao 80,000,000 ARMM 70,000,000 60,000,000 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 0 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 Year Source: NSO, 2008 FIGURE 3.1.1-1 POPULATION TRENDS OF PHILIPPINES, MINDANAO AND ARMM Population trends of Mindanao by region are illustrated in Figure 3.1.1-2 and the growth in ARMM is significantly high in comparison with other regions since 1995, especially from 2000 to 2007. 3 - 1 4,500,000 IX 4,000,000 X XI 3,500,000 XII XIII ARMM 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 year Source NSO, 2008 FIGURE 3.1.1-2 POPULATION TRENDS BY REGION IN MINDANAO As a result, the population composition within Mindanao indicates some different features from previous decade that ARMM occupies a certain amount of share (20%), almost same as Region XI in 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • 74C312c0efe4410d49257659
    5 NDCC Rice assistance – 23,200 sacks of rice were already distributed to the LGUs in Regions I (9,500), II (2,400), III (2,300), IV-A (1,000), IV-B (1,000), V (3,000), CAR (3,100) and NCR (900) 5 Based on the Financial Tracking System (FTS), the Philippine Flash Appeal of 74M USD have received from donors 20.2M USD with 27.3% coverage E. Status of Roads and Bridges – Tab F 5 As per report of DPWH, 11 road sections and 4 bridges are still impassable as of October 23, 2009 due to series of slides, scoured and washed out bridge approach, road cuts and scoured slopes protection Damaged Road Sections (5 in CAR and 7 in Region I) and damaged bridges are Salacop Bridge in Benguet; San Vicente Bridge in La Union, Bued Bridge and Carayungan Bridge in Pangasinan II. HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE A. Food and NFIs 5 DSWD provided PhP40.15 Million worth of relief augmentation support/ assistance consisting of food (rice, canned goods, biscuits) and non food items (mats, blankets and clothing) to DSWD Field Offices and processing release of PhP15.5 M as additional stand-by funds for the purchase of relief commodities and other purposes for the on-going disaster operations: DSWD CAR (PhP 2M), I (PhP 3M), II (PhP 2M), III (PhP 5M), IV-A (PhP 2M), IV-B (PhP 0.5M) and V (PhP 1M) 5 Air logistics support for the transport of food and NFIs to Regions II and CAR was provided by the PAF–AFP and UNHAS helicopter sorties of UN-WFP 5 Unserved families in the inaccessible areas in the Islands of Calayan and Fuga, Aparri, Cagayan and Kibungan and Mankayan, Benguet were served through airlift operations B.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf | 271.85 Kb
    Estimated Cost of Damages Php13,320,954 M (Php13.321 Billion) Agriculture (Production loss) Php 7,541.777 M Crops 1,400.783 M HVCC 475.831 M Livestock 93.777 M Fisheries 2,654..425 M Facilities 2,916.951 M Infrastructure Php5,779.178 M Roads, Bridges and Others Structures 4,239.486 M School Buildings /Classrooms 888.901 M Electrical Facilities 297.900 M Health Facilities and Others 352.891 M II. Humanitarian Assistance The extent of assistance provided by the Government is Php 125.187 Million Agencies Assistance Cost (Millions) OCD- NDCC 18,390 sacks of rice P16.781 National Agencies DSWD Assorted food packs , NFIs 37.508 DOH Drugs, medicines, medical 16.285 supplies , compact food Dep Ed Clearing and immediate repair 30.000 of sch buildings in Region VI LGUs Assorted food and NFIs 24.613 Total Php125.187 International Donations (Foreign Governments and INGOs) - Cash and Checks - US$613,074.00 and Aus $500,000.00 - In Kind - P22,300,000.00 and US$650,000,000.00 Donors Recipients Cash (Checks) In Kind USAID PNRC US $100,000.00 US $ 650,000.00 worth of relief supplies French PNRC US$110,000.00 AUSAID PNRC Aus$ 500,000.00 Spain PNRC Php6,300,000.00 (assorted relief goods & equipment Korea NDCC US$ 300,000.00 Other INGOs NDCC US$ 3,074.00 China NDCC US$100,000.00 (Check) JICA DSWD Phh16,000,000.00 worth (20 gen sets, 150 pcs plastic sheets, 600 pcs sleeping pads, 10 units water tanks and 20 cord reel; 200 boxes (6 pcs /box) sleeping mattress, 180 pieces plastic rolls, 100 boxes (12 pcs/box) polyester tank 2 Local Assistance /Donations
    [Show full text]
  • Policy Briefing
    Policy Briefing Asia Briefing N°83 Jakarta/Brussels, 23 October 2008 The Philippines: The Collapse of Peace in Mindanao Once the injunction was granted, the president and her I. OVERVIEW advisers announced the dissolution of the government negotiating team and stated they would not sign the On 14 October 2008 the Supreme Court of the Philip- MOA in any form. Instead they would consult directly pines declared a draft agreement between the Moro with affected communities and implied they would Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and the Philippines only resume negotiations if the MILF first disarmed. government unconstitutional, effectively ending any hope of peacefully resolving the 30-year conflict in In the past when talks broke down, as they did many Mindanao while President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo times, negotiations always picked up from where they remains in office. The Memorandum of Agreement on left off, in part because the subjects being discussed Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD or MOA), the culmination were not particularly controversial or critical details of eleven years’ negotiation, was originally scheduled were not spelled out. This time the collapse, followed to have been signed in Kuala Lumpur on 5 August. At by a scathing Supreme Court ruling calling the MOA the last minute, in response to petitions from local offi- the product of a capricious and despotic process, will cials who said they had not been consulted about the be much harder to reverse. contents, the court issued a temporary restraining order, preventing the signing. That injunction in turn led to While the army pursues military operations against renewed fighting that by mid-October had displaced three “renegade” MILF commanders – Ameril Umbra some 390,000.
    [Show full text]
  • One Big File
    MISSING TARGETS An alternative MDG midterm report NOVEMBER 2007 Missing Targets: An Alternative MDG Midterm Report Social Watch Philippines 2007 Report Copyright 2007 ISSN: 1656-9490 2007 Report Team Isagani R. Serrano, Editor Rene R. Raya, Co-editor Janet R. Carandang, Coordinator Maria Luz R. Anigan, Research Associate Nadja B. Ginete, Research Assistant Rebecca S. Gaddi, Gender Specialist Paul Escober, Data Analyst Joann M. Divinagracia, Data Analyst Lourdes Fernandez, Copy Editor Nanie Gonzales, Lay-out Artist Benjo Laygo, Cover Design Contributors Isagani R. Serrano Ma. Victoria R. Raquiza Rene R. Raya Merci L. Fabros Jonathan D. Ronquillo Rachel O. Morala Jessica Dator-Bercilla Victoria Tauli Corpuz Eduardo Gonzalez Shubert L. Ciencia Magdalena C. Monge Dante O. Bismonte Emilio Paz Roy Layoza Gay D. Defiesta Joseph Gloria This book was made possible with full support of Oxfam Novib. Printed in the Philippines CO N T EN T S Key to Acronyms .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. iv Foreword.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vii The MDGs and Social Watch
    [Show full text]
  • Typhoon Fengshen
    Emergency appeal n° MDRPH004 Philippines: GLIDE n° TC-2008-000093-PHL Operations update n° 3 24 September 2008 Typhoon Fengshen Period covered by this Operations Update: 28 July – 12 September 2008 Appeal target: CHF 8,310,213 (USD 8 million or EUR 5.1 million) Appeal coverage: To date, the appeal is 19 per cent1 covered. Funds are urgently needed to enable the Philippines National Red Cross to provide assistance to those affected by the typhoon. <click here to go directly to the interim financial report, or here to link to contact details > Appeal history: • A preliminary emergency appeal was launched on 24 June 2008 for CHF 8,310,213 (USD 8 million or EUR 5.1 million) for twelve months to assist 6,000 families. • Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF): CHF 200,000 was allocated from the International Federation’s DREF. Dedicated volunteers enable the Philippine National Red Cross, with further support from the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement, to reach the most vulnerable communities with essential support, including water and shelter. 1 Including soft pledges; please note that interim financial report reflects income up to end August 2008. Click here to access the live donors’ response list. Philippines: Typhoon Fengshen (MDRPH004), Operations Update no. 3 2 Summary: The onslaught of typhoon Fengshen which hit the Philippines on 18 June 2008, followed by floods and landslides, has left in its wake urgent needs among poverty-stricken communities. According to the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC), approximately four million people have been affected through out the country by typhoon Fengshen.
    [Show full text]
  • NDCC UPDATE Situation Report No
    REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES National Disaster Management Center, Camp Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, Quezon City, Philippines NDCC UPDATE Situation Report No. 33 on the Effects of Typhoon “FRANK” (Fengshen) Releasing Officer: GLENN J RABONZA Administrator, OCD and Executive Officer, NDCC DATE : 31 JuLY 2008 Reference: DSWD, DOH, DepEd, DPWH, PCG, TRANSCO, NEA, HQ Task Force “Frank”, DOTC, RDCCs/ OCDRCs I, III, IV-A, IV- B, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, CARAGA, ARMM & NCR I. BACKGROUND Typhoon “Frank” entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) as a tropical depression on 18 June 2008. As it made a landfall in Eastern Visayas, it has already intensified into a typhoon. And as it move into the country, TY “Frank” had induced the southwest monsoon that caused landslides, flooding and storm surges along the eastern and western seaboards. Severely affected in terms of damage to infrastructure and the number of directly affected persons were the provinces of Iloilo , Capiz, Aklan and Antique in Region VI; and Leyte and Eastern Samar in Region VIII. Also affected by flooding due to moderate and heavy rains brought by the enhanced southwest monsoon, were the provinces of Maguidanao and Shariff Kabunsuan in ARMM; and Cotabato City and North Cotabato in Region XII. II. EFFECTS Affected Population/ Areas Affected/ Displaced Population More than nine hundred thousand families or four million persons were directly affected by TY “Frank” in 6, 377 barangays of 419 municipalities in 58 provinces of 15 regions . Region VI has the most number of affected population- 421,479 families/ 2,159,780 persons. This is 44% and 45% of the total number of families and persons affected by TY “Frank” and its associated hazards.
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of Higher Education Institutions As of October 23, 2009
    Directory of Higher Education Institutions as of October 23, 2009 04001 Abada College Private Non-Sectarian President : Atty. Miguel D. Ansaldo, Jr. Region : IVB - MIMAROPA Address : Marfrancisco, Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro 5208 Telephone : (043) 443-13-56 (043)284-41-50 Fax : (043)443-13-56 E-mail : Year Established : April 26, 1950 Website : 06128 ABE International Coll of Business and Economics-Bacolod Private Non-Sectarian School Director : Joretta M. Abraham Region : VI - Western Visayas Address : Luzuriaga Street, Bacolod City, Negros Occidental 6100 Telephone : (034)-432-2484 to 85 Fax : E-mail : [email protected] Year Established : 2001 Website : www.amaes.edu.ph 01122 ABE International College of Business and Accountancy Private Non-Sectarian School Director : Mr. Juanito Mendiola Region : I - Ilocos Region Address : 3rd flr. E&R Bldg. Malolos Crossing, City of Malolos (Capital), Bulacan, Cebu City, Bulacan 2428 Telephone : (032) 234-2421 Fax : (044)662-1018 E-mail : [email protected]/abe_urdaneta_city@hot mail.com Year Established : 2001 Website : http://amaes.educ.ph. 13309 ABE International College of Business and Accountancy-Las Piñas Private Non-Sectarian President : Mr. Amable C. Aguiluz IX Region : NCR - National Capital Region Address : RCS Bldg III, Zapote, Alabang Road, Pamplona, Las Piñas City, City of Las Piñas, Fourth District Telephone : (02) 872-01-83; 872-61-62 Fax : (02) 872-02-20 E-mail : Year Established : 2001 Website : 1 Directory of Higher Education Institutions as of October 23, 2009 13308 ABE International College of Business and Accountancy-Quezon City Private Non-Sectarian President : Mr. Amable C. Aguiluz IX Region : NCR - National Capital Region Address : #878 Rempson Bldg., Aurora Blvd., Cubao, Quezon City, Quezon City, Second District Telephone : (02) 912-95-77; 912-95-78 Fax : (02) 912-95-78 E-mail : Year Established : 2000 Website : 13350 ABE International College of Business and Accountancy-Taft Private Non-Sectarian President : Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Conservation Performance Rating (Fcpr) Report 2
    Forest Conservation Performance Rating (fCPR) Report 2 Bad News for the Pan-Tropics and Everybody Else David Wheeler, Dan Hammer, and Robin Kraft Abstract This paper updates Working Paper 294, “FCPR—Forest Conservation Performance Rating for the Pan-Tropics.” Forest Conservation Performance Rating (fCPR) is a system of color-coded ratings for tropical forest conservation performance that can be implemented for local areas, countries, regions, and the entire pan-tropics. The ratings reward tropical forest conservation in three dimensions: (1) Progress toward elimination of tropical forest clearing by 2050; (2) progress toward achieving more ambitious REDD+ goals; and (3) achieving an immediate reduction in forest clearing. We assign green ratings to areas that meet condition (2); yellow to areas that meet (1) only; dark red to areas that fail both conditions, with forest clearing still increasing; and light red to areas that fail both conditions, but with declining forest clearing. This paper introduces quarterly conservation performance ratings for 56 tropical forest countries, as well as 781 of their states and provinces that contain tropical forests. We also combine the fCPR country ratings to produce ratings for major regions and the entire pan- tropics. Overall, we find that conservation performance has deteriorated significantly since 2005 at the global and regional levels. Some gains were made at the height of the global economic crisis, but they have proven to be temporary. Since 2010, forest clearing has exhibited rapid growth
    [Show full text]
  • MUNICIPALITY of SULTAN KUDARAT HISTORY Nuling Was the Original Name of This Town When It Was Created by Virtue of the Executive
    MUNICIPALITY OF SULTAN KUDARAT HISTORY Nuling was the original name of this town when it was created by virtue of the Executive Order No.82, issued by President Manuel A. Roxas on August 18, 1947. The name “Nuling” was derived from the beautiful local bird called “Nuri”. Nuri has been the favorite pet one of the Sultans. However, the local leadership and its peace loving constituents want its name to be more symbolic with its significant historic events that took place in this fast developing municipality, thus, the late Congressman Salipada K. Pendatun sponsored a House Bill that become Republic Act No. 5647 and was signed into law by then President Ferdinand E. Marcos on Independence Day, June 12, 1969; an Act changing the name of the municipality of Nuling to the Municipality of Sultan Kudarat, in the province of Cotabato (mother Province of now the Province of Maguindanao, North Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat) in recognition and honor of Muslim National Hero of our country: Sultan Mohammas Dipatuan Kudaratullah. The late Sultan Mohammad Kudaratullah was the son of Datu Kapitan Laut. The original seat of the Sultanate of Maguindanao was located at the mouth of the Maguindanao River (now Matampay) but later transferred to the nearby sitio at the bank of the Nuling Creek of Barangay Salimbao of this Municipality. Sultan Mastura Kudarat, a royal lineage of the hero soldier Sultan Dipatuan Kudaratullah was appointed by American Governor Carpenter as President of the Municipal District of Nuling. The former, however, tactfully declined said and after and instead, designated his son, Datu Mamadra Mastura for the position, who served from 1922 to 1923.
    [Show full text]
  • State of Local Democracy in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (Sold ARMM)
    State of Local Democracy in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (SoLD ARMM) Edna E.A. Co Ramon L. Fernan III Maria Faina L. Diola Amina Rasul Mehol K. Sadain Acram A. Latiph Rufa C. Guiam Benedicto R. Bacani Raphael N. Montes Jr. Supported by: © 2013 National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines Diliman (UP-NCPAG) and the Philippine Center for Islam and Democracy (PCID) ISBN: 978-971-8567-85-2 This report is a product of an assessment of the quality of democracy conducted on the basis of International IDEA’s State of Local Democracy Assessment framework. The report was developed by the University of the Philippines National College of Public Administration and Governance (UP-NCPAG) and the Philippine Centre for Islam and Democracy (PCID) with the support and partnership of International IDEA. International IDEA has not participated in the content development nor the research leading to the report. Views expressed in this report do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. This publication was supported by funding from Australian Aid. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Australian Aid nor of the Australian Government. Printed in the Philippines by Ec-tec Commercial First printing: 500 copies, July 2013. Preface The State of Local Democracy in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (SoLD ARMM) is the fifth in a series of Philippine citizen-led democracy assessments, and the first ever on the state of local democracy (SoLD). The first four assessments focused on different aspects of democracy at the national level utilizing components of the State of Democracy (SoD) framework that the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) sponsors.
    [Show full text]