Index- GK Digest for SSC CGL319–320 v2: Commencement of Gupta era. Subject - History - Page No : 1-19  380: Accession of Chandragupta II Subject - Geography - Page No : 19-28 ‘Vikramaditya’ Subject - General Science - Page No : 28-78  405–411: Visit of Chinese traveller Fahien.  415: Accession of Kumargupta I. GK Digest for SSC CGL v2  455: Accession of Skandagupta.  606–647: Harshavardhan’s reign. SUBJECT - HISTORY

II. MEDIEVAL PERIOD  Indian History – Important Dates

 BC ( BEFORE CRIST )  712: First invasion in Sindh by Arabs (Mohd.  2300–1750 : Indus Valley Civilization. Bin Qasim).  From 1500 : Coming of the Aryans.  836: Accession of King Bhoja of Kannauj.  1200–800 : Expansion of the Aryans in the  985: Accession of Rajaraja, the Chola ruler. Ganga Valley.  998: Accession of SultanMahmud Ghazni.  600 :Age of the 16 Mahajanapadas of  1001: First invasion of India by Mahmud northern India. Ghazni who defeated Jaipal, ruler of Punjab.  563–483: Buddha’s Life-span. BankExamsToday.com 1025: Destruction of Somnath Temple by  540–468: Mahavir’s Life-span. Mahmud Ghazni.  362–321: Nanda dynasty.  1191: First battle of Tarain.  327–326 : Alexander’s invasion of India. It  1192: Second battle of Tarain. opened a land route between India and  1206 :Accession of Qutubuddin Aibak to the Europe. throne of Delhi.  322: Accession of Chandragupta Maurya.  1210 :Death of Qutubuddin Aibak.  305: Defeat of Seleucus at the hands of  1221: Chengiz Khan invaded India (Mongol Chandragupta Maurya. invasion).  273–232: Ashoka’s reign.  1236: Accession of Razia Sultana to the  261: Conquest of Kalinga. throne of Delhi.  145–101: Regin of Elara, the Chola king of  1240: Death of Razia Sultana. Sri Lanka.  1296: Accession of Alauddin Khilji.  58: Beginning of Vikram era.  1316: Death of Alauddin Khilji.  AD ( AFTER DEATH )  1325: Accession ofMuhammad-bin-Tughlaq.  78 :Beginning of Saka era.  1327: Transfer of capital from Delhi to  78-101: Kanishka’s reign.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 1 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Devagiri (Daulatabad) in Deccan byGK the Digest for SSC CGLGuru ofv2 Sikhs. Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq.  1611: Jahangir marries Nurjahan.  1336: Foundation of Vijaynagar empire in the  1615: Sir Thomas Roe visits Jahangir. South.  1627: Birth of Shivaji and death of Jahangir.  1351: Accession of Firoz Shah Tughlaq.  1628: Shahjahan becomes emperor of India.  1398: Timur’s invasion of India.  1631: Death ofMumtazmahal.  1469: Birth of Guru Nanak.  1634: The English permitted to trade in India  1494: Accession of Babur in Farghana. (in Bengal).  1497–98: First voyage of Vasco da Gama to  1659: Accession of Aurangzeb, Shahjahan India (discovery of sea route to India via the imprisoned. (Cape of Good Hope)  1665: Shivaji imprisoned by Aurangzeb.  1526: First Battle of Panipat; Babur defeated  1666: Death of Shahjahan. Ibrahim Lodhi; foundation of Mughal dynasty  1675: Execution of Guru Teg Bahadur, the by Babur. 9th Guru of Sikhs.  1527: Battle of Khanwa-Babur defeated  1680: Death of Shivaji. Rana Sanga.  1707: Death of Aurangzeb.  1530: Death of Babur and accession of  1708: Death of Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Humayun. BankExamsToday.comGuru of Sikhs.  1539: Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun in  1739: Nadir Shah invades India. the battle of Chausa and became India’s  1757: Battle of Plassey, establishment of emperor. British political rule in India at the hands of  1555: Humayun recaptured the throne of Lord Clive. Delhi.  1761: Third battle of Panipat.  1556: Second Battle of Panipat (Bairam

Khan defeated Hemu). III. MODERN PERIOD  1556: Battle of Talikota (Rakshasa-Tangadi).  1576: Battle of Haldighati-Rana Pratap was  1764: Battle of Buxar. defeated by Akbar.  1765: Clive appointed Company’s Governor  1582: Din-i-Ilahi founded by Akbar. in India.  1600: English East India Company  1767–69: First Angle-Mysore War. established.  1780: Birth of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.  1605: Death of Akbar and accession of  1780-84: Second Anglo-MysoreWar. Jahangir.  1784: Pitt’s India Act.  1606: Execution of Guru Arjun Dev, the 5th

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 2 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  1790-92: Third Anglo-Mysore War.GK Digest for SSC CGLLeague v2 and Congress, Foundation of BHU,  1793: The Permanent Settlement of Bengal. Home Rule League founded.  1799: Fourth Anglo-Mysore War; Death of  1918: World War I ends. Tipu Sultan.  1919: Montague-Chelmsford Reforms  1802: Treaty of Bassein. introduced, Jallianwala Bagh massacre at  1809: Treaty of Amritsar. Amritsar.  1829: Practice of Sati prohibited.  1920: Khilafat Movement launched, first  1830: Raja Rammohan Roy visits England. meeting of All-India Trade Union Congress,  1833: Death of Raja Rammohan Roy at Hunter Commission Report on Bristol, England.  Jallianwala Bagh Massacre Published First  1839: Death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Non-cooperation movement launched by  1839–42: First Anglo-Afghan War. Gandhi.   1845–46: First Anglo-SikhWar. 1922: Violent incidents at Chaura Chauri  1852: Second Anglo-BurmeseWar. Gandhi calls of Non-cooperation movement.   1853: First Railway line opened between 1925: Communist Party of India organised at Bombay and Thane and a Telegraph line in Kanpur.  Calcutta. 1927: Boycott of Simon Commission,  1857: The Sepoy Mutiny or FirstWar of BankExamsToday.comBroadcasting started in India.  Independence. 1928: Death of Lala Lajpat Rai, Nehru  1861: Birth of Rabindranath Tagore. Report.   1869: Birth of Mahatma Gandhi. 1929: Resolution of ‘Poorna Swaraj’ (complete independence) passed at Lahore  1885: Foundation of Indian National Session of INC. Congress.  1930: Civil disobedience movement  1889: Birth of Jawaharlal Nehru. launched, Dandhi March by Mahatma  1897: Birth of Subhash Chandra Bose. Gandhi(April 6, 1930) First round table  1903: Tibet Expedition.  conference held in London.  1905: Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon.  1931: Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Civil Disobedience  1906: Foundation ofMuslim League. movement suspended Second round table  1911: Delhi Darbar, King George V and conference held. Queen visit India; Delhi becomes the capital  1932 : MacDonald announces communal of India. award (modified by Poona Pact, September  1914: World War I begins. 24.  1916: Lucknow Pact signed by Muslim  1935: Government of India Act.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 3 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  1937: Provincial Autonomy, CongressGK formsDigest for SSC CGLRevenue v2 Reforms: Auctioned the right to ministries. collect land revenue to the highest bidder;  1938: All India Kishan Sabha formed. Divided  1939: World War II begins (September 3),  Bengal into districts and appointed collectors Resignation of Congress Ministries in and other revenue officials. Provinces.  Judicial Reforms: Started Diwani and  1941: Escape of Subhash Chandra Bose Faujdari adalats at the district level and from India and death of Rabindranath Sadar diwani Tagore.  and Nizamat adalats (appellate courts) at  1942: Arrival of Cripps Mission in India, Quit Calcutta; Redefined Hindu and Muslim laws. India movement launched (August 8).  Wars: Rohilla War (1774); 1st Anglo-Maratha  1943–44: SC Bose forms Provisional War (1776–82): 2nd Anglo-Mysore War Government of Free India and Indian (1780– National Army in Singapore; Bengal famine.  84).  1945: Trial of Indian National Army at Red  Note: Sir John Macpherson was made the Fort, Shimla Conference; World War II ends. acting Governor General from 1785 to 1786.  1946: British Cabinet Mission visits India; Interim government formed at the Centre. BankExamsToday.comLord Cornwallis (1786–93): The Muslimleague decides on  “Direct Action” for winning Pakistan.  First person to codify laws in 1793. The code  1947: Division of India; India and Pakistan separated the revenue form separate independent dominions.  administration from the administration of justice; Created post of district judge; Governor-Generals of Bengal (1774–1833) Introduced  permanent Settlement in Bengal (1793);  Warren Hastings (1772–1785): Brought the Cornwallis is called ‘the father of civil service Dual Governmnet of Bengal to an end by the in India’.  Regulating Act, 1773. Became  Police Reforms: Each district was divided Governor-General in 1774 through the into 400 sq. miles and placed under a police Regulating Act, 1773; Wrote  superintendent assisted by constables.  introduction to the first English translation of  Wars: 3rd Anglo-Mysore War (defeat of Tipu the ‘Gita’ by Charles Wilkins; Founded the and the Treaty of Serinagpatanam, 1792). Asiatic  Sir John Shore (1793–98): Introduced the  Society of Bengal withWilliam Jones in 1784. 1st Charter Act (1793).

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 4 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Wars: Battle of Kharda between NizamGK Digest and for SSC CGLEducation v2 in India’; Abolished Sati and the Marathas (1795).  other cruel rites (1829); Annexation  Lord Wellesley (1798–1805): Started ofMysore (1831). Concluded a treaty of Subsidiary Alliance system to achieve British perpetual paramountcy  friendship with Ranjit Singh (1831); Passed  in India.Madras Presidency was formed the Charter Act of 1833, which provided that during his tenure.  no Indian subject of Company was to be  Wars: 4th Anglo-Mysore War (1799)-defeat debarred from holding an office on account and the death of Tipu Sultan; 2nd of his Anglo-Maratha War  religion, place of birth, descent and colour.  (1803–05)-defeat of the Scindia, the Bhonsle On recommendation of Macaulay Committee and the Holkar; Treaty of Bassein (1802).  made English the medium of higher  George Barlow (1805–1807): Vellore Mutiny education in India. (1806).  Lord Minto I (1807–1813): Concluded Treaty Governor-Generals of India (1833–58) of Amritsar with Ranjit Singh (1809); Charter Act of  Lord W. Bentick (1833–35): First  1813 was passed. BankExamsToday.comGovernor-General of India. Macaulay’s  Lord Hastings (1813–1823): Adopted the minutes on education policy of intervention and war.  were accepted declaring that English should  Wars: Anglo-Nepalese War (1813–23); 3rd be the official language of India; Abolished Anglo-Maratha War (1817–18). Hastings provincial forced  courts of appeal and circuit set up by  humiliating treaties on Peshwa and the Cornwallis, appointment of Commissioners Scindia; Introduced the Ryotwari settlement of revenue and in Madras  circuit.  by ThomasMunro, the Governor.  Wars: Annexed Coorg (1834), Central  Lord Amherst (1823–28): Wars: I Burmese Cachar (1834) on the plea of War (1824–26). Acquisition of territories in misgovernment. Malay  Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835–1836): Passed  Penisula; Capture of Bharatpur (1826). the famous Press Law, which liberated the  LordW. Bentick (1828–33): Most liberal and press in enlightened Governor-General of India;  Regarded as’ the Father ofModernWestern

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 5 India's Best Current Affairs Android App India (called Liberator the Press)? GK Digest for SSC CGLPublic v2 Works: Started the first railway line in 1853 (connecting Bombay with Thana);  Lord Auckland (1836–42): 1st Anglo-Afghan  Started electric telegraph service. Laid the War (1836–42)—great blow to the prestige of basis of the modern postal system (1854);A the  separate public works department was set  British in India. up for the first time; Started work on the  Lord Ellenborough (1842–44): Brought an Grand end to the Afghan War. Annexation of Sindh  Trunk Road and developed the harbours of (1843); Karachi, Bombay and Calcutta.  War with Gwalior (1843). Wars:  Lord Hardings I (1844–48): 1st Anglo-Sikh 1. Introduced Doctrine of Lapse (Captured war (1845–46) and the Treaty of Lahore Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambhalpur 1846 (marked (1849),  the end of Sikh sovereighty in India); Gave 2. Baghat (1850), Udaipur (1852), Jhansi (1853) preference to English education in and Nagpur (1854); Fought 2nd Anglo-Sikh employment. War 3. (1848–49) and annexed the whole of the Lord Dalhousie (1848–56): Abolished Titles and BankExamsToday.comPunjab; 2nd Anglo-Burmese War (1852) and Pensions, Widow Remarriage Act (1856). Made 4. annexation of Lower Burma or Pegu; Shimla the summer capital. Annexation of Berar in 1853; Annexation of  Administrative Reforms: Introduced the Avadh in system of Centralized control in the newly acquired 1856 on charges of maladministration.  territories known as Bon-Regulation system; Raised Gurkha regiments.  Lord Canning (1856–58): The last Governor  Education Reforms: Recommended the General and first Viceroy of India; Revolt of Thomsonian system of Vernacular education  1857; Passed the Act of 1858, which ended for the rule of the East India Company. Withdrew  whole of the North western Provinces (1853);  Doctrine of Lapse. Mutiny took place in his Wood’s Educational Despatch of 1854 and time.  opening of Anglo-Vernacular Schools and Government Colleges; An Engineering Important Congress Session College was Year - Place - Importance  established at Roorkee.  1885 Bombay At Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 6 India's Best Current Affairs Android App College, 72 delegates attended theGKsession. Digest for SSC CGL1927 v2Madras Nehru and S.C. Bose moved  1886 Calcutta 436 delegates attended the resolution for independence and it was session. passed for the 1st time.  1887 Madras Tayabji became firstMuslim  1928 Calcutta First All India Youth President. Congress.  1888 Allahabad George Yule became first  1929 Lahore ‘Poorna Swaraj’ (Complete English President. Independence) resolution and pledge for  1889 Bombay Congress represented all Independence day on 26 Jan1930. areas of British India.  1931 Karachi Resolution for Fundamental  1890 Calcutta Decision taken to organises Rights and National Economic Policy. session of congsess in London.  1934 Bombay Formation of Congress  1895 Poona Demand of a representative Socialist Party. body only for educated class.  1936 Lucknow Support for socialism  1898 Madras Social reform was set as the through democracy. main goal.  1937 Faizpur Demand for Constituent  1907 Surat Congress split. Assembly (First session in a village).  1908 Madras Constitution for the Congress  1938 Haripura Purna Swaraj was to cover fromed. BankExamsToday.comalso princely states.  1916 Lucknow Congress merged. Pact  1939 Tripuri S.C. Bose resigned due to with Muslim League, Gandhi attended difference with Gandhi. Dr. Rajendra Prasad  1917 Calcutta Annie Besant became was appointed in his place. 1stwomen President.  1940 Ramgarh Abul Kalam Azad became  1920 Nagpur Gandhian programme was President. adopted. Change in congress constitution.  1946. Meerut J. B. Kriplani became  1921 Ahmedabad Harsat Mohani President. demanded for complete independence.  1948 Jaipur Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramayya  1922 Gaya Formation of Swaraj Party. became President.  1923 Delhi Abul Kalam Azad became President (Youngest President) (sp. session) World History: Important Dates  1924 Belgaum Gandhi became President BC ( BEFORE CHRIST ) (Gandhi became President here first and last time).  10000–4000 Development of settlement into  1925 Kanpur Sarojini Naidu became 1st cities and development of skills, such as Indian women President. wheel and

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 7 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  pottery making and improved methodsGK Digestof for SSC CGLChina, v2 GreatWall of China completed. cultivation.  55 Invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar, the  5500–3000 Earliest recorded date of Great Roman General. Egyptian calender; first phonetic writing  44 Assassination of Julius Caesar by Brutus. appears;  4 Birth of Jesus Christ.  Sumerians develop a city-state civilization.  AD ( AFTER DEATH )  3000–2000 Pharaonic rule begins in Egypt;  29 Crucifixation of Jesus Christ. completion of the construction of the Great  43 Roman conquest of Britain. Pyramid  570 Birth of ProphetMuhammad at Mecca.  at Giza.  622 Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to  3000–1500 The most ancient civilization on Medina (“hijira”), Beginning of Hijira Era the Indian subcontinent, the sophisticated and (Muhammadan calender) on July 15.  extensive Indus Valley Civilization, flourishes in what is today Pakistan.  800 Charlemagne crowned Roman Emperor  900–800 Phoenicians establish Carthage: at St. Peter’s. The Iliad and Odyssey was composed by the  871 Accession of Alfred the Great to the Greek BankExamsToday.comthrone of Britain.  poet Homer.  901 Death of King Alfred the Great.  400–300 Pentateuch-first five Books of the  1066 Battle of Hastings; Norman invasion of Old Testament evolve in final form. England. William the Conqueror, Duke of  300–251 Invention ofMayan calendar in Normandly, defeated the English king Harold Yucatan-more exact than older II at Hastings. calenders.  1215 Magna Carta or the Great Charter signed by King John II at Runnymede in  101–51 Juleus Caesar (100–44 BC) invades England on June 15. Britain (55 BC) and conquers Gaul, France.  1280 Gunpowder invented by Roger Bacon.  776 First Olympiad in Greece.  1338 The Hundred YearsWar broke out; it  753 Rome founded. lasted upto 1453.  490 Battle of Marathon, the Greeks defeated  1431 Joan of Arc, a brave French peasant the Iranians/Persians. girl, obtained victory over the English at  327–26 Invasion of India by Alexander, Orleans. She was burnt alive at the stakes. Battle of Hydaspes.  1443 The Black death i.e., plagues broke out  221 Chin-Hung Ti ‘Universal Emperor’ in in England.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 8 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  1453 The capture of ConstantinopleGK (the Digest for SSC CGL1649 Trialv2 and execution of Charles I, home of classical learning) by the Ottoman beginning of Commonwealth. Turks compelled the Greek scholars to flee  1649–60 The Commonwealth and the to Italy and other West European countries, Protectorate in England. where they spread the knowledge of Greek  1660 Restoration of monarchy in England. philosophy and literature.  1665 The great plague in London.  This was the beginning of Renaissance in  1679 Habeas Corpus Act. Europe.  1688 The Glorious or Bloodless Revolution  1486 Bartholomew Diaz rounded the cope of in England. Despotic rule of the Stuarts Good Hope. ended, and the Parliamentary rule began.  1492 Columbus sailed on his first expedition Establishment of parliamentary supremacy to the West Indies which later led to and abolition of the Divine Rights of Kings. thediscovery of America (the NewWorld).  1704 Battle of Blenheim; Marlborough and  1498 Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese, Eugene inflicted a crushing defeat on the discovered the seat route to India via the French army. Cape of Good Hope.  1707 Union of England and Scotland.  1517 Beginning of reformation.  1763 Treaty of Paris; It ended the Seven  1529–36 Reformation in England under BankExamsToday.comYears War (1756–63); weakened France, Henry VIII. made England a great colonial power.  1564 Birth of Shakespeare.  1776 Declaration of American Independence  1571 Battle of Lapanto; Turks defeated by and formation of a Federal Republic of 13 the Christian League. states called the Union States of America  1577 Drake, the famous English Admiral; (July 4). started his voyage round the world for the  1783 Treaty of Versailles; England first time and phindered Spanish ships and recognised the independence of the United ports in South America. States of America.  1588 Admiral Drake defeated the Spanish  1789 George Washington elected First ‘Armada’; England became the ‘Mistress of President of USA. Beginning of French the Seas’. Revolution; Fall of the Bastille Fort (July 14).  1600 Establishment of the British East India  1798 Battle of the Nile. The English under Company in India (31st December). Nelson gained victory over the French.  1605 Gunpowder plot in England to blow up  1805 Battle of Trafalgar; Death of Nelson. the English parliament.  Battle of Austerliz – Napolean Bonaparte  1616 Shakespeare passes away. rounted a combined army of the Russians

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 9 India's Best Current Affairs Android App and the Austrians. GK Digest for SSC CGLAmundsen v2 reached South Pole (December  1815 Battle ofWaterloo – Napolean was 14) defeated and exiled to St. Helena. Congress  1914 Outbreak ofWorld War-I (August 4) of Vienna, it aimed at rearranging the map of  1916 Battle of Jutland (Naval Battle). The Europe; The Vienna settlement proved British Grand Fleet under Admiral Jellico unsatisfactory, because it disregarded defeated the German Fleet under Admiral national claims. Scheer.  1821 Death of Napolean at St. Helena (May  1917 (March/Febuary) Revolution in Russia; 5). the Czar abdicated and later assassinated;  1827 Battle of Navatino; the allied fleets of reformist Mensheviks came into power England, Russia and France destroyed the (Prince Lvov, Kerensky). Turkish fleet; This victory practically secured (November/October) Revolution in Russia: the independence of Greece. Revolutionary Bolsheviks came into  1833 Emancipation Act of 1833; It abolished  power (Lenin). slavery in the British dominions.  1918 End ofWorldWar I (November 11)  1837 Accession of Queen Victoria to the  1919 The Paris Conference; the Treaty of throne of England. Versailles.  1839 Introduction of Penny Postage system BankExamsToday.com 1920 Foundation of the League of Nations in England by Sir Rowland Hill: Aden (January 10) annexed by England.  1921 The Irish Free State established with  1854 The Crimean War began, Russia the status of a Dominion like Canada attacked Turkey; England and France came (December 6). to the rescue of Turkey.  1923 Turkish Republic proclaimed with  1861 American CivilWar started, Abraham Kemal Ataturk as its First President. Lincon elected 16th President of USA.  1924 Lenin died, and power passed into the  1863 Slavery abolished in America. hands of Stalin in Russia.  1869 Suez Canal opened for traffic.  1925 Treaty of Locarno (between Great  1885 General Gordon captured and slain at Britain, France, Germany, Italy and Belgium). Khartoum.  1928 Kellogg Pact (signed in Paris by the  1899 Outbreak of the Russo-Japanese war. principal powers of the world for the  1905 Battle of the sea of Japan; Japan prevention of war; it had no effect). inflicted a crushing naval defeat on Russia; a  1933 Hitler became the Chancellor of wave of nationalism spread in Asia. Germany.  1911 Chinese Republican Revolution;  1935 War between Italy and Abyssinia

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 10 India's Best Current Affairs Android App (Ethiopia); Italy annexed AbyssiniaGK Digest for SSC CGL v2 (Ethiopia); Plebiscite in Saar. World War II ended  1939 Germany invaded Poland: Outbreak (August 14); Foundation of UNO (October ofWorld War II (September. 1). 24).  1940 Fall of France after German invasion (June 5); Italy enteredWorld War II (June 11). Offices under Government of India  1941 Hitler invades Russia (June 22): President of India Framing of the Atlantic Charter (August 14); st Japan attacked Pearl Harbour (Hawaii  Dr. Rajendra Prasad 1950–1962 - 1 Islands) (December 7); USA entered World President of India War II (December 8); China entered World  Dr. S. Radhakrishnan 1962–1967 War II (December. 10) Air raids by Japan on  Dr. Zakir Hussain 1967–1969 (Died) Rangoon (December 22).  Varahagiri Venkata Giri 1969–1969 (Acting)  1942 Capture of Singapore by Japanese  Justice Md. Hidayatullah 1969–1969 (Acting) forces (Febuary. 15); Battle of Coral Sea,  Varahagiri Venkata Giri 1969–1974 Japanese fleet suffered heavy losses at the  Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 1974–1977 (Died) hands of the American fleet (May 3); Battle of  B. D. Jatti 1977–1977 (Acting) Stalingrad (September. 19). BankExamsToday.com Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 1977–1982  1943 Defeat of Germany at Stalingrad  Giani Zail Singh 1982–1987 (Febuary. 8); Battle of the Bismarck Sea,  R. Venkataraman 1987–1992 America defeated Japan in a naval battle  Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma 1992–1997 (March 4); Invasion of Italy by the Allies,  K. R. Narayanan 1997–2002 Armistice between Italy and the Allies  Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam 2002–2007 (September 3).  Smt. Pratibha Devi Singh Patil 2007–2012  1944 Allied forces landed in Normandy  PranabMukherjee 2012-Till Date under the supreme command of General Ike (Eisenhower); (D-Day) (June 6); Liberation VICE–PRESIDENTS OF INDIA of Paris (August 25).  1st VP - Dr. S. Radhakrishnan 1952–1962  1945 Execution of Mussolini (April 22);  Dr. Zakir Hussain 1962–1967 Unconditional surrender of Germany to the  Varahagiri Venkata Giri 1967–1969 Allies (May 7); USA dropped atom bomb on  Gopal Swarup Pathak 1969–1974 Hiroshima and Nagasaki of Japan (August 6  B. D. Jatti 1974–1979 and August 9); Unconditional surrender of  Justice Md. Hidayatullah 1979–1984 Japan (August 14);

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 11 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  R. Venkataraman 1984–1987 GK Digest for SSC CGLY. B. Chavanv2 1979–1980  Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma 1987–1992  Devi Lal 1989–1990  K. R. Narayanan 1992–1997  Devi Lal 1990–1991  Krishan Kant 1997–2002 (Died)  LK. Advani 2002–2004  Bhairon Singh Shekhawat 2002–2007  FINANCE MINISTERS OF INDIA  Md. Hamid Ansari 2007 –Till Date  1ST F M - R. K. Shanmukham Chetty  PRIME MINISTERS OF INDIA 1947–1949  1st PM - Jawaharlal Nehru 1947–1964 (Died)  John Mathai 1949–1951  Gulzari Lal Nanda 1964–1964 (Acting)  C.D. Deshmukh 1951–1957  Lal Bahadur Shastri 1964–1966 (Died)  T. T. Krishnamachari 1957–1958  Gulzari Lal Nanda 1966–1966 (Acting)  Jawaharlal Nehru 1958–1959  Indira Gandhi 1966–1977  Morarji Desai 1959–1964  Morarji Desai 1977–1979  T. T. Krishnamachari 1964–1966  Charan Singh 1979–1980  Sachindra Chowdhary 1966–1967  Indira Gandhi 1980–1984 (Died)  Morarji Desai 1967–1970  Rajiv Gandhi 1984–1989  Indira Gandhi 1970–1971  V. P. Singh 1989–1990 BankExamsToday.com Y. B. Chavan 1971–1975  Chandra Shekhar 1990–1991  C. Subramaniam 1975–1977  P. V. Narasimha Rao 1991–1996  H. M. Patel 1977–1978  Atal Bihari Vajpayee 1996–1996 (For 16  Charan Singh 1979–1980 Days)  R. Venkataraman 1980–1982  H. D. Deve Gowda 1996–1998  PranabMukherjee 1982–1985  K. Gujral 1997–1998  V.P. Singh 1985–1987  Atal Bihari Vajpayee 1998–1999  N.D. Tiwari 1988–1989  Atal Bihari Vajpayee 1999–2004  S.B. Chavan 1989–1990  Dr. Manmohan Singh 2004–2009  Madhu Dandavate 1990–1991  Dr. Manmohan Singh 2009–2014  Yashwant Sinha 1991–1991  Sri Narendra Modi - 2014 To Till Date  Manmohan Singh 1991–1996  DEPUTY PRIME MINISTERS OF INDIA  P. Shidambaram 1996–1998  1st Deputy P.M - Sardar Patel 1947–1950  Yashwant Sinha 1998–2002  Morarji Desai 1967–1969  Jaswant Singh 2002–2004  Charan Singh and 1979–1979  P. Chidambaram 2004–2008  Jagjivan Ram (jointly)  PranabMukherjee 2009–2012

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 12 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  P. Chidambaram 2012-2014 GK Digest for SSC CGLK. Subba v2 Rao 1966–1967  Arun Jaithly - 2014 to Till date  K.N. Wanchoo 1967–1968  M. Hidayatullah 1968–1970 SPEAKERS OF THE LOK SABHA  J.C. Shah 1970–1971 ST  1 SPEAKER - G.V.Mavalankar 1952–1956  S.M. Sikri 1971–1973 (Died)  A.N. Ray 1973–1977  M. A. Ayyangar 1956–1962  M.H. Beg 1977–1978  Hukam Singh 1962–1967  Y.V. Chandrachud 1978–1985  Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 1967–1969  P.N. Bhagwati 1985–1986 (Resigned)  R.S. Pathak 1986–1989  Gurdial Singh Dhillon 1969–1975 (Resigned)  E.S. Venkataramaiah 1989–1989  Bali Ram Bhagat 1976–1977  S. Mukherjee 1989–1990  Neelam Sanjiya Reddy 1977–1977  Ranganath Mishra 1990–1991 (Resigned)  K.N. Singh 1991–1992  K.S. Hegde 1977–1980  M.H. Kania 1991–1992  Balram Jakhar 1980–1989  L.M. Sharma 1992–1993  Rabi Ray 1989–1991 BankExamsToday.com M.N. Venkatachalaiah 1993–1994  Shivraj V. Patil 1991–1996  A.M. Ahmadi 1994–1997  P.A. Sangma 1996–1998  J.S. Verma 1997–1998  G.M.C. Balayogi 1998–2002 (Died)  M.M. Punchhi 1998–1998  Manohar Joshi 2002–2004  A.S. Anand 1998–2001  Somnath Chatterjee 2004–2009  S.P. Bharucha 2001–2002  Ms. Meira Kumar 2009–2014  B.N. Kirpal 2002–2002  Ms. Sumitra Mahajan - 2014 to Till Date  G.B. Pattanaik 2002–2002 CHIEF JUSTICE OF INDIA  V.N. Khare 2002–2004  ST 1 CJI - Harilal J. Kania 1950–1951  S. Rajendra Babu 2004–2005  M. Patanjali Sastri 1951–1954  R.C. Lahoti 2004–2005  M.C. Mahajan 1954–1954  Y.K. Sabharwal 2005–2005  B.K. Mukherjee 1954–1956  K.G. Balakrishnan 2007 –2010  S.R. Das 1956–1959  S.H. Kapadia 2010–2012  B.P. Sinha 1959–1964  Altamas Kabir 2012-2013  P.B. Gajendragadkar 1964–1966  M r. Justice R.M. Lodha 27.04.2014  A.K. Sarkar 1966–1966  H.L . Dutt - 2015 - 2016

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 13 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  T.S. THAKUR - 2016 till Date GK Digest for SSC CGLB.N. Jha v2 1961–1967  K.R. Damle 1967–1971 CHIEF ELECTION Commissioners of India  R.C.S. Sarkar 1971–1973 ST  1 CHIEF ELECTION COMM. - Sukumar  Dr. A.R. Kidwai 1973–1979 Sen 1950–1958  Dr. M.L. Shahare 1979–1985  K.V.K. Sundaram 1958–1967  H.K.L. Capoor 1985–1990  S.P. Sen Verma 1967–1972  J.P. Gupta 1990–1992  Dr. Nagendra Singh 1972–1973  Smt. R.M. Bathew (Kharbuli) 1992–1996  T. Swaminathan 1973–1977  S.J.S. Chhatwal 1996–1996  S.L. Shakdhar 1977–1982  J.M. Qureshi 1996–1998  R.K. Trivedi 1982–1985  Surinder Nath 1998–2002  R.V.S. Peri Sastri 1986–1990  P.C. Hota 2002–2003  Smt. V.S. Rama Devi 1990–1990  Mata Prasad 2003–2005  T.N. Seshan 1990–1996  Dr. S.R. Hashim 2005–2006  M.S. Gill 1996–2001  Gurbachan Jagat 2006–2007  J.M. Lyngdoh 2001–2004  Subir Dutta 2007–2008  T.S. Krishna Murthy 2004–2005 BankExamsToday.com D.P. Agrawal 2008–2012  B.B. Tandon 2005–2006  Deepak Gupta - 2015 To Till date  N. Gopalaswamy 2006–2009  Naveen Chawla 2009–2010 COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR–GENERALS OF  S.Y. Quraishi 2010-2012 INDIA  H.S. Brahma and Syd Ahmad Zaidi 2012  V. Narhari Rao 1948–1954  Nasim Zaidi - April 2015 to till date  A.K. Chanda 1954–1960  Sh. A.K. Roy 1960–1966 CHAIRMAN OF THE UPSC  S. Ranganathan 1966–1972  Sir Ross Barker 1926–1932  Baksi 1972–1984  Sir David Petrie 1932–1936  Gian Prakash 1978–1978  Sir Eyre Gorden 1937–1942  T.N. Chaturvedi 1984–1990  Sir F.W. Robertson 1942–1947  C.G. Somiah 1990–1996  H.K. Kripalani 1947–1949  V.K. Shunglu 1996–2002  R.N. Banerjee 1949–1955  V.N. Kaul 2002–2008  N. Govindarajan 1955–1955  Vinod Rai 2008–2013  V.S. Hejmadi 1955–1961  Shashi Kant Sharma 2013-Till Date

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 14 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  ATTORNEY-GENERALS OF INDIAGK Digest for SSC CGLGhosh v2 1985–1985  M.C. Setalved 1950–1963  R.N. Malhotra 1985–1990  C.K. Daphtary 1963–1968  S. Venkitaramanan 1990–1992  Niren De 1968–1977  Dr. C. Rangarajan 1992–1997  S.V. Gupte 1977–1979  Dr. Bimal Jalan 1997–2003  L.N. Sinha 1979–1983  Dr. Y.V. Reddy 2003–2008  K. Parasaran 1983–1989  Dr. D. Subba Rao 2008–2013  Soli J. Sorabjee 1989–1990  RaghuramRajan 2013-Till Date  G. Ramaswamy 1990–1992  Milon K. Banerjee 1992–1996 COMMANDERS–IN–CHIEF  Ashok K. Desai 1996–1998 A. General Sir Roy Bucher 1948–1949  Soli J. Sorabjee 1998–2004 B. General K.M. Cariappa 1949–1953  Milon K. Banerjee 2004–2009 C. General Maharja Rajendra Sinhji  Goolam E. Vahanvati 2009–2014 1953–1955  Mukul Rohatgi - Till date CHIEFS OF ARMY STAFF  1ST - General Maharaj Rajendra Sinhji GOVERNORS OF RESERVE BANK OF INDIA BankExamsToday.com1955–1955  Sir Oshorne Smith 1935–1937  General S.M. Srinagesh 1955–1957  Sir James Taylor 1937–1943  General K.S. Thimayya 1957–1961  Sir C.D. Deshmukh 1943–1949  General P.N. Thapar 1961–1962  Sir Benegal Rama Rau 1949–1957  General J.N. Choudhuri 1962–1966  K.G. Ambegaonkar 1957–1957  General P.P. Kumaramangalam 1966–1969  H.V.R. Lengar 1957–1962  General S.H.F.J. Manekshaw 1969–1972  P.C. Bhattacharya 1962–1967  General S.H.F.JManekshaw 1973–1973  L.K. Jha 1967–1970  General G.G. Bewoor 1973–1975  B.N. Adarkar 1970–1970  General T.N. Raina 1975–1978  S. Jagannathan 1970–1975  General OP. Malhotra 1978–1981  N.C. Sen Gupta 1975–1975  General K.V. Krishna Rao 1981–1983  K.R. Puri 1975–1977  General A.S. Vaidya 1983–1986  M. Narasimham 1977–1977  General K. Sunderji 1986–1988  Dr. I.G. Patel 1977–1982  General V.N. Sharma 1988–1990  Dr. Manmohan Singh 1982–1985  General S.F. Rodrigues 1990–1993

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 15 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  General B.C. Joshi 1993–1994 GK Digest for SSC CGLAdmiral v2 Suresh Mehta 2006–2009  General Shankar Roychow Dhury  Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma 2009–2012 1994–1997  Admiral R K Dhowan 2012-Till Date  General Ved PrakashMalik 1997–2000  General S. Padmanabhan 2000–2002 CHIEFS OF AIR STAFF  General N.C. Vij 2003–2005   General J.J. Singh 2005–2007 Air Marshal Sir Thomas Elmhirst 1947–1950   General Deepak Kapoor 2007–2010 Air Marshal Sir Ronald Chapman 1950–1951  Air Marshal Sir Gerald Gibbs 1951–1954  General V.K. Singh 2010–2012  Air Marshal S. Mukherjee 1954–1960  General Bikram Singh 2012–till date  Air Marshal A.M. Engineer 1960–1964  CHIEFS OF NAVAL STAFF Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh 1964–1969  Rear Admiral John Talbot Savigna Hall  Air Chief Marshal P.C. Lal 1969–1973 1947–1948  Air Chief Marshal O.P. Mehra 1973–1976  Admiral Sir Edward Parry 1948–1951  Air Chief Marshal H. Moolgavkar 1976–1978  Admiral Sir Mark Pizey 1951–1955  Air Chief Marshal I.H. Latif 1978–1981  Vice Admiral Sir Stephen Carlill 1955–1958  Air Chief Marshal Dilbagh Singh 1981–1984  Vice Admiral R.D. Katari 1958–1962 BankExamsToday.com Air Chief Marshal L.M. Katre 1984–1985  Vice Admiral B.S. Soman 1962–1966  Air Chief Marshal D.A. La Fontaine  Admiral A.K. Chatterjee 1966–1970 1985–1988  Admiral S.M. Nanda 1970–1973  Air Chief Marshal S.K. Mehra 1988–1991  Admiral S.N. Kohli 1973–1976  Air Chief Marshal N.C. Suri 1991–1993  Admiral J.L. Cursetji 1976–1979  Air Chief Marshal S.K. Kaul 1993–1995  Admiral R.L. Pereira 1979–1982  Air Chief Marshal S.K. Sareen 1996–1998  Admiral O.S. Dawson 1982–1984  Air Chief Marshal A.Y. Tipnis 1999–2001  Admiral R.H. Tahiliani 1984–1987  Air Chief Marshal S. Krishnaswamy  Admiral J.G. Nadkami 1987–1990 2001–2004   Admiral Ramdas 1990–1993 Air Chief Marshal S.P. Tyagi 2004–2007   Admiral V.S. Shekhawat 1993–1996 Air Chief Marshal Fali H. Major 2007–2009   Admiral Vishnu Bhagwat 1996–1998 Air Chief Marshal Pradeep Vasant Naik  Admiral Sushil Kumar 1998–2001 2009–2011  Air Chief Marshal Norman Anil Kumar  Admiral Madhvendra Singh 2001–2004 Browne 2011-2013  Admiral Arun Prakash 2004–2006  Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha 2013-Till Date www.BankExamsToday.com Page 16 India's Best Current Affairs Android App GK Digest forexpansion SSC CGL under v2 - Aurangzeb 21. Do or Die slogan is associated with - Mahatma TOP 100 HISTORY QUESTION - ANSWER Gandhi 1. Sea route to India was discovered by - 22. Who established the Mughal Dynasty - Babur Vasco–da–gama 23. The Indian National Congress was founded by - 2. The Aryans came from Central Asia to India A.O Hume around - 2500 B.C. 24. The Civil services in India was established by - 3. Which one of the following was the port city of the Lord Rippon Indus Valley Civilisation - Lothal 25. The founder of Portuguese power in India was - 4. Rig Veda is believed by the historians to have Albuquerque been written when it was - Begining of iron age 26. Whose teachings inspired the French Revolution 5. Babar entered India for the first time through - - Rousseau Punjab 27. The well known king of slave dynasty was - 6. Who said that there was no Slavery in India - Balban Megastheneses 28. The famous king of the Kushana dynasty was - 7. Mahabharata war took place in - 900 BC Kanishka 8. The magnificient temple at Halebid was 29. In 1498, vasco da gama landed at - Calicut established by - Hosysalas BankExamsToday.com30. Indus valley civilization might have been 9. India derives its name from - The River Indus destroyed by - Aryans 10. A national religion called Din–i–Illahi was 31. The Indus Valley houses were built of - Bricks promulgated by - Akbar 32. The French made their advent through - 11. Who introduced English in India - Lord William Pondicherry Bentick 33. The last Mughal Emperor was - Bahadur Shah 12. The foundation for the Vijayanagar city and 34. The first wave of Aryan immigration into India kingdom was laid by - Harihara and Bukka began in - 1500 BC 13. The quit India movement was started in the year 35. Aryans lived in - Gangetic Valley - 1942 36. The brain trust of Chandra Gupta Maurya was - 14. A council of Eight Ministers known as the Ashta Kautilya Paradhan assisted - Shivaji 37. The musical instruments used by the Aryans 15. Lord Buddha made his first sermon at - Sarnath was Drum , Lute , cymbal 16. Taj Mahal is on the banks of - Jamuna 38. Chanakya was known as - Vishnugupta 17. Panipat is modern - kurukshetra 39. The first to start a joint stock company to trade 18. Indian Napoleon was - Samudra Gupta with India were the - Dutch 19. Kanishka followed - Buddhism 40. The capital of the kingdom of Maharaja Ranjit 20. The Mughal Empire reached its zenith of www.BankExamsToday.com Page 17 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Singh was - Lahore GK Digest forthe SSC Buddhist CGL v2canonical literature -Ans - 41. In the Battle of Wandiwash, the English defeated Ashvaghosha - the French 61. The stone Age people had the first domestic - 42. Indian Navy Act was passed on - 1927 Sheep 43. The first president of the Republic of India was - 62. The Government invention of man in Palaeolithic Dr.Rajendra Prasad Age was - Fire 44. The first ruler of Pala dynasty was - Gopala 63. Which was the first metal used by man - Copper 45. The first to establish regular trade with India was 64. Which of the following Vedas is a collection of - Portuguese spells and incantations - Atharva Veda 46. The king of Kalinga in the Maurya period was - . 65. At which place was Akbar born - Amarkot Kharavela 66. In which language were the Sangam classics 47. Sea route in India was discovered by - written - Tamil Vasco–da–gama 67. Which one of the following divinity of Rigveda - 48. The treaty of Seringapatnam was between Varuna Cornwallis and - Tipu Sultan 68. The Indus valley civilization flourished during - 49. Ashoka conquered Kalinga in the year - 261 BC 2500 – 1750 B.C 50. Chand Bibi was the ruler of - Ahmednagar 69. The Indus valley civilization was discovered in - 51. Rice cultivation is associated with the HarappanBankExamsToday.com1921 site of - Lothal 70. The main occupation of the people of the Indus 52. The Mauryan dynasty was overthrown by - valley civilization was - agriculture Pashyamitra Sunga 71. Which one of the following Harappan sites had a 53. Who among the following was not an exponent dock - Lothal of Bhakti movement - Shankaracharya 72. Which one of the following contains the Gayatri 54. The Bhakti Movement was first organized by - Mantra - Rigveda Ramanuja 73. The extreme form of Ahimsa or non violence is 55. An example of Chola architecture cab be seen at practiced in - Buddhism - Tanjore 74. The Aryans at first settled in - Punjab 56. Panchantra was written by - Vishnu Sharma 75. Rabi crops of the Indus Valley are - Wheat and 57. Decimal system was introduced by - Bhaskara Barley 58. Who is known as the “Napoleon of India” - 76. The famous temple of Kailasa, hewn out of the Samudragupta rock, is at - Ellora 59. Who was the founder of the Gupta dynasty - 77. The Aryans came to India from - Central Asia Chandragupta I 78. The earliest example of a land grant is provided 60. Who was the greatest Buddhist commentator of by an inscription - the satavahanas

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 18 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 79. Alexander died at - Babylon GK Digest forDr. SSC Rajendra CGL v2Prasad 80. The Gandhi Mandapam where Gandhiji’s ashes 97. The French Revolution took place in the year - were placed before immersion is in 1789 Ans - Kanyakumari 98. Which metal was first used by the Indus people - 81. Everyone knows ‘The Taj Mahal’. It was built by Silver the Emperor Shah Jahan, but for 99. Which of the following regions did not form the Whom - Mumtaz Mahal part of Ashoka’s empire - Madras 82. Who introduced the system of Local boards or 100. The founder of the first Afghan rule in India Local Bodies in India - Lord Ripon was - Bahlul Lodi 83. Which of the following Harappan sites had a SUBJECT - GEOGRAPHY dock - Lothal 84. The Indus Valley Civilization belongs to the -  Solar SystemSome Facts Neolithic Age  Biggest Planet : Jupiter 85. The family of the Rig Vedic Aryans was -  Smallest Planet : Mercury Patriarchal  Nearest Planet to Sun : Mercury 86. The fourth Buddhist Council was held by -  Farthest Planet from Sun : Neptune Kanishka  Nearest Planet to Earth : Venus 87. The fourth Buddhist Council was held at - BankExamsToday.com Brightest Planet : Venus Kundalavana  Brightest star after Sun : Sirius 88. The first to establish regular trade with India was  Planet with maximum satellites: Jupiter - Portugese  Coldest Planet : Neptune 89. The Widow Remarriage Act was passed by -  Hottest Planet : Venus Lord Dalhousie  Heaviest Planet : Jupiter 90. Who introduced English in India - Lord William  Red Planet : Mars Bentick  Biggest Satellite : Gannymede 91. The first Buddhist Council was held in the reign  Smallest Satellite : Deimos of - Ajatashatru  Blue Planet: Earth 92. Lord Buddha was born in - Lumbini  Morning/Evening Star : Venus 93. The largest grant of villages to temples and  Earth's Twin : Venus brahmana was given by the ruling  Green Planet : Neptune dynasty known as - The Guptas  Planet with a big red spot : Jupiter 94. The first ruler of Pala dynasty was - Gopala  Lord of the Heavens : Jupiter 95. Adigranth is the religious book of - Sikhs  Greatest Diurnal Temperature: Mercury 96. The first President of the Republic of India was -

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 19 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  There are two solstices each year,GK called Digest for SSCE. CGLWhen v2 earth comes between sun and moon. the Summer Solstice and the Winter F. Occurs only on a full moon day. However, it Solstice. does not occur on every full moon day A. Summer Solstice : The day of 21st June because the moon is so small and the plane when the sun is vertically overhead at the of its orbit is tilted about 5° with respect to Tropic of Cancer (23°30‘N). the plane of the earth‘s orbit. It is for this B. Winter Solstice : The day of 22nd December reason that eclipses do not occur every when the sun is vertically overhead at the month. Tropic of Capricorn (23°30‘S). G. This light is red because the atmosphere Indian Standard Time : It is fixed on the mean of 82 scatters the other colors present in sunlight 1/2°E Meridian, a place near Allahabad. It is 5 in greater amounts than it does red. &1/2hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. Earth Solar Eclipse A solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when Earth’s rotation results in theMoon passes between the Sun and Earth, and A. Causation of days and nights; the Moon fully or partially blocks ("occults") the Sun. B. A difference of one hour between two This can happen only at new moonThe layering of meridians which are 15° apart; BankExamsToday.comEarth is categorized as Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, C. Change in the direction of wind and ocean Upper mantle, Lower mantle, Outer core, and the currents; Rise and fall of tides everyday. Inner core. D. The longest day in North Hemisphere is RIVERS OF INDIA June 21, while shortest day is on 22 Dec (Vice-versa inS.Hemisphere). In India, the rivers can be divided into two main E. Days and nights are almost equal at the groups: equator. A. Himalayan Rivers--1) Indus 2) Ganga 3) Bhramputra Earth Revolution B. Peninsular Rivers--1) East flowing 2) West A. It is earth‘s motion in elliptical orbit around flowing the sun. Earth‘s average orbital velocity is IMPORTANT RIVER VALLEY PROJECTS IN 29.79 Kilometers/s. INDIA B. Takes 365 days, 5 hrs, 48 min and 45.51 sec. It results in one extra day every fourth  Bhakhra Nangal Project: On Satluj in Punjab. year. Highest in India. Ht 226 m. Reservoir is C. Earth Eclipses called Gobind Sagar Lake D. Earth Lunar Eclipse  Mandi Project: On Beas in H.P

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 20 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Chambal Valley Project: On ChambalGK inDigest M.P forCash SSC Crops CGL v2of India (Commercial Crops) & Rajasthan. 3 dams are there: Gandhi Grown mainly for the market, only a small portion of Sagar Dam, Rana Pratap sagar Dam and the product is consumed by the farmers themselves Jawahar Sagar dam (cotton, sugarcane) .  Damodar Valley Project: On Damodar in NATIONAL PARKS AND WILD LIFE Bihar. SANCTUARIES  Hirakud: On Mahanadi in Orissa. World's There are 96 National Parks and 510 Wildlife longest dam: 4801 m Sanctuaries in India.  Rihand : On Son(river) in Mirzapur. Madhya Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Reservoir is called Govind Vallabh Pant Islands have the maximum number of National reservoir Parks (9 each) while Andaman and Nicobar Islands  Mayurkashi Project : On Mayurkashi in W.B has 96 and Maharashtra has 36 Wildlife  Kakrapara Project : On Tapi in Gujarat Sanctuaries (maximum in India).  Nizamsagar Project: On Manjra in A.P INDIA FACTS  Nagarjuna Sagar Project : On Krishna in A.P  Highest Award-Bharat Ratna  Farakka Project: On Ganga in W.B. Apart  Highest Gallantry Award-Param Vir Chakra from power and irrigation it helps to remove  Longest Tributary river of India-Yamuna silt for easy navigation BankExamsToday.com  Largest Lake-Wular Lake, Kashmir CROPPING SEASONS IN INDIA  Largest Lake (Saline Water)-Chilka Lake, Kharif Crops of India Orrisa Sown in summers between May and July, and  Largest Man-Made Lake-Govind Vallabh harvested after the rains, in September and Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam) October.Eg: Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Cotton, Jute,  Highest Lake-Devtal Lake, Gadhwal Sugarcane, Tobacco, Groundnut, Pulses, etc. (Uttarakhand) Rabi Crops of India  Highest Peak-Karkoram-2 of K-2(8,611 Sown at the beginning of winter and harvested meters) before the onset of the summer season, between  Largest Populated City-Mumbai Feb and April. Eg: Wheat, barley, oilseeds, gram,  Largest State(Area)-Rajasthan potatoes, etc.  Largest State(Population)-Uttar Pradesh Zaid Crops  Highest rainfall-Cherrapunji (426 inches per They are raised between April and June. annum) E.g. : Melon, watermelon, cucumber, toris, leafy and  State wise largest area under forest-Madhya other vegetables. Pradesh

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 21 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Largest Delta-Sunderbans Delta GK Digest for SSC CGLBelgium v2 Glass, textiles  Longest River Bridge-Mahatma Gandhi Setu,  Chile Copper nitrate Patna  Canada Wheat, newsprint, machinery  Biggest Cave temple-Ellora  China Silk, tea, rice  Longest Road-Grand Trunk Road  Congo Copper, uranium, cobalt, ivory  Longest Canal-Indira Gandhi Canal or  Cuba Sugar, tobacco, cigar Rajasthan Canal (Rajasthan)  Denmark Textiles, paper  Largest Museum-India Museum at Kolkata  France Textile, wine, silk  Longest Dam-Hirakud Dam (Orrisa)  Germany Machinery, chemical, iron and  Highest Dam-Tehri Dam ( 260 meters , 850 steel equipments ft )  Ghana Coco, gold, coffee  Largest District-Kutch district  India Jute, textiles, sugar, spices, tobacco,  Longest Highway NH-44 (NH-7) which turns tea, cement, mica etc. from Varanasi to Kanyakumari  Indonesia Sugar, spices, rubber, rice,  Smallest State (Population)-Sikkim cinchona, petroleum  Smallest State (Area)-Goa  Iran Petroleum, carpets, dry fruits  Largest State (Area)-Rajasthan  Iraq Dates, petroleum  Largest State (Population)-Uttar Pradesh BankExamsToday.com Italy Mercury, textiles  Largest Cave Temple-Kailash Temple, Ellora  Japan Machinery, textiles, toys, silk, (Maharastra) automobiles  Largest Port-Mumbai  Kenya Coffee, tea, meat, sisal, hides  Largest Church-Saint Cathedral (Goa)  Kuwait Petroleum  Longest Beach-Marina Beach, Chennai  Malaysia Rubber, tin  Highest Airport-Leh (Laddakh)  The Netherlands Machinery, aircraft,  Largest River Island-Majuli (Brahmaputra electricals River, Asom)  Saudi Arabia Oil, dates  Countries Main Produces/Industries  Spain Lead  Afghanistan Dry and fresh fruits, Carpets,  Sweden Matches, timber Wool  Switzerlan Watches, chemicals, electricals  Australia Wood, dairy products, wheat, meat,  Taiwan Camphor, rice lead, zinc  UK Textiles, medicines, machinery, cars  Austria Machinery, textiles, leather goods  USA Petroleum, wheat, machinery, coal,  Brazil Coffee automobiles, iron etc.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 22 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Russia Petroleum, wheat, chemicals,GK heavy Digest for SSC CGLBudapest v2 (Hungary) Danube machinery, etc.  Rome (Italy) Tiber  Vietnam Tin, rice, rubber, teak, etc.  Warsaw (Poland) Vistula  Bristol (U.K.) Avon RIVER SIDE CITIES  London (U.K.) Thames (Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and  New Castle (U.K.) Tyre Myanmar) CHINA -  Town River  Shanghai Yang-tse-Kiang  Kabul (Afghanistan) Kabul  Nanking Yang-tse-Kiang  Allahabad Confluence of Ganga, Yamuna,  Chungking Yang-tse-Kiang  Saraswati (invisible)  Canton Si-Kiang  Varanasi Ganga  Middle East and Africa  Nasik Godawari  Cairo (Egypt) Nile  Kolkata Hooghly  Basra (Iraq) Tigris and Euphrates  Cuttack Mahanadi  Ankara (Turkey) Kizil  Patna Ganga  Baghdad (Iraq) Tigris  Chittagong (Bangladesh) Maiyani  Khartoum (Sudan) Blue and While Nile  Lucknow Gomati BankExamsToday.com  Jamshedpur Subarnarekha Europe -  Haridwar Ganga  Berlin (Germany) Spree  Delhi Yamuna  Belgrade Dunube  Kanpur Ganga  Cologne (Germany) Rhine  Surat Tapti  Lisbon (Portugal) Tangus  Srinagar Jhelum  Glasgow (Scotland) Clyde  Ferozepur Sutlej  USA  Ludhiana Sutlej  New York Hudson  Karachi (Pak) Indus  Philadelphia Delaware  Yangon (Myanmar) Irawady  New Orleans Mississippi  Akyab (Myanmar) Irawady  Monetreal (Canada) Ottawa  Vijaywada Krishna  Quebec (Canada) St. Lawrence  Lahore (Pak) Ravi  Paris (France) Seine  Hamburg (Germany) Elbe

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 23 India's Best Current Affairs Android App GK Digest for SSC CGLup by v2Germany on its border with France.  17th Parallel defined the boundary between IMPORTANT BORDER LINES - North Vietnam and South Vietnam before the  Durand Line is the line demarcating the two were united. boundaries of India and Afghanistan. It was  24th Parallel is the line which Pakistan drawn up in 1896 by SirMortimer Durand. claims for demarcation between India and  Hindenburg Line is the boundary dividing Pakistan. This, however, is not recognized Germany and Poland. The Germans by India. retreated to this line in 1917 during  26th Parallel south is a circle of latitude WorldWar I. which croses through Africa, Australia and  Mason-dixon Line is a line of demarcation South America. between four states in the United States.  30th Parallel north is a line of latitude that  Marginal Line was the 320 km line of stands one-third of the way between the fortification built by France along its border equator and the North Pole. with Germany before World War II, to protect  33rd Parallel north is a circle of latitude which its boundary from German attack. cuts through the southeren United States,  Mannerheim Line is the line of fortification on parts of North Africa, parts of the Middle East, the Russia-Finland border. Drawn up by BankExamsToday.comand China. General Mannerheim.  35th Parallel north forms the boundary  Macmahon Line was drawn up by Sir Henry between the State of North Carolina and the MacMahon, demarcating the frontier of India State of Georgia and the boundary between and China. China did not recognize the the State of Tennessee arid the State of MacMahon line and crossed it in 1962. Georgia the State of Alabama, and the State  Medicine Line is the border between Canada of Mississippi. and the United States.  36°30’ Parallel north forms the boundary  Order-neisse Line is the border between between the Tennessee and Commonwealth Poland and Germany, running along the of Kentucky between the Tennessee River Order and Beisse rivers, adopted at the and the Mississippi River, the boundary poland Conference (August 1945) between Missiouri and Arkansas west of the afterWorldWar II. White River, and the northernmost boundary  Radcliffe Line was drawn up by Sir Cyril between the Texas and the Oklahoma. Radcliffe, demarcating the boundary  37th Parallel north formed the southern between India and Pakistan. boundary of the historic and extralegal  Siegfried Line is the line of fortification drawn Territory of Jefferson.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 24 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  38th Parallel is the parallel of latitudeGK which Digest forINDIAN SSC CGL RAILWAY v2 New Zones that started separates North Korea and South Korea. functioning on 1st April, 2003  39th Parallel north is an imaginary circle of  Zone Headquarters latitude that is 39 degrees north of the  East Coast Railway Bhubaneshwar Earth’s equatorial plane.  South Western Railway Hubli  40th Parallel north formed the original  West Central Railway Jabalpur northern boundary of the British Colony  North Central Railway Allahabad ofMaryland.  South East Central Bilaspur  41th Parallel north forms the northern  Railway boundary of the State of Colorado with  New Zones that were created on 10th Nebraska and Wyoming and the southern October, 2002 boundary of the State ofWyoming with  North Western Railway Jaipur Colorado and Utah.  East Central Railway Hajipur  42nd Parallel north forms most of the New  Old Zones as they are after April, 2003 York - Pennsylania Border.  Western Railway Mumbai  43rd Parallel north forms most of the  Central Railway Mumbai boundary between the State of Nebraska  Easter Railway Kolkata and the State of South Dakota and also BankExamsToday.com  Southern Railway Chennai formed the northern border of the historic  Northern Railway New Delhi and extralegal Territory of Jefferson.  North Eastern Railway Gorakhpur  The Parallel 44° north is an imaginary circle  South Central Railway Secumderabad of latitude that is 44 degrees north of the  South Eastern Railway Kolkata Earth’s equatorial plane.  North-East Guwahati  45th Parallel north is often called the halfway

point between the Equator and the North Oldest Countries Pole. The 45th parallel makes up most of the • San Marino (301 AD) • France (486 AD) • Bulgaria boundary between Montana and Wyoming. (632 AD) • Denmark (950 AD) • Portugal (1143 AD) 45th parallel of south latitude is the east-west • Andorra (1278 AD) • Switzerland (1291 AD) line that marks the theoretical halfway point between the equator and the South Pole. Countries with Most Land Borders

 49th Parallel is the boundary between USA (The Most Neighbouring Countries) and Canada. • China (14) • Russian Federation 14) • Brazil (10)

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 25 India's Best Current Affairs Android App • Congo, Germany and Sudan (9) GK Digest for SSC CGLDome, v2 Largest Astrodome, in Housten (USA) Youngest Countries  Epic, Largest Mahabharat • Montenegro (July 2006) • Serbia (July 2006) • East  Irrigation Scheme, Largest Lloyd Barrage, Timor (2002) • Palau (1994) Sukkhur (Pakistan) • Czech Republic (1993) • Eritrea (1993) • Slovakia  Island, Largest Greenland (1993) • Bosnia/Hertzegovina (1992)  Sea, Largest Mediterranean Sea

LARGEST / SMALLEST / LONGEST / BIGGEST /  Lake, Deepest Baikal (Siberia) Etc.  Lake, Largest (Artificial) Lake Mead (Boulder Dam)  Animal, Tallest Giraffe  Lake, Highest Titicaca (Bolivia)  Archipelago Largest Indonesia  Lake, Largest (FreshWater) Superior  Bird, Fastest Swift  Lake, Largest (SaltWater) Caspian  Bird, Largest Ostrich  Library, Largest United States Library of  Bird, smallest Humming Bird Congress, Washington D.C.  Bridge, Longest Railway China  Mountain Peak, Highest Everest Nepal  Building Tallest in the World Bujrj Khalifa  Mountain Range Andes (South America) ( 848 m ) BankExamsToday.com Museum, Largest British Museum, London  Canal, Longest irrigational The Kalakumsky  Park, Largest Yellow Stone National Park Canal (USA)  Canal, Longest Suez Canal  Peninsula, Largest Arabia  Capital, Highest La Paz (Bolivia)  Place, Coldest (Habitated) Verkhoyansk  City, Biggest in Area Mount Isa (Australia) (Siberia)  City, Largest in Population Tokyo  Place, Dryest Iqique (in Atacama Desert,  City, Costliest Tokyo Chile)  City, Highest Van Chuan (China)  Place, Hottest Azizia (Libya, Africa)  Creature, Largest BlueWhale  Place, Rainiest Mausinram (Meghalaya,  Delta, Largest Sunderban (Bangladesh and India) India)  Planet, Biggest Jupiter  Desert, Largest (World) Sahara (Africa)  Planet, Brightest Venus  Desert, Largest (Asia) Gobi  Planet, Smallest Pluto  Dam, Largest Grand Coulee Dam (USA)  Plateau, Highest Pamir (Tibet)  Dam, Highest Hoover Dam (USA)  Platform, Longest Kharagpur (India)  Diamond, Largest The Cullinan

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 26 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Railway, Longest Trans-Siberian RailwayGK Digest for SSC CGLMakalu v2 I Himalayas 15.05.1955 Nepal/Tibet  Railway Station, Largest Grand Central 27,834 8,485 Terminal, Chicago (USA)  Cho Oyu Himalayas 13.05.1960 Nepal/Tibet  River, Longest Nile (Africa) 26,864 8,188  River, Largest Amazon (South America)  Dhaulagiri Himalayas 09.05.1956 Nepal  Sea-Bird, Largest Albatross 26,795 8,167  Star, Brightest Sirius  Manaslu I Himalayas 19.10.1954 Nepal  Statue, Tallest Statue of Motherland 26,781 8,163 Volgagrad (Russia)  Nanga Parbat Himalayas 03.07.1653  Telescope, Largest Radio New Mexico Pakistan 26,660 8,126 (USA) Annapurna Himalayas 03.06.1950 Nepal 26,545 8,091  Tramway,World’s First New York Tallest Mountains (on Each Continent)  Tunnel, Longest (Railway) Tanna (Japan) • Mount Everest 8848 m (29035 ft) Asia  Tunnel, Longest (Road) Mont Blanc Tunnel • Aconcagua 6959 m (22831 ft) S. America between France and Italy • Mount Kckinley 6194 m (20320 ft) N. America  Volcano, Highest Ojos del Salado (Andes, • Mount Kilimanjari 5963 m (19563 ft) Africa Ecuador) • Mount Elbrus 5633 m (18481 ft) Europe  Volcano, Most Active Maunaloa BankExamsToday.com • Puncak Jaya 4884 m (16023 ft) Oceania (Hawaii-USA) • Vinson Massif 4897 m (16066 ft) Antarctica  Wall, Longest GreatWall of China  Waterfall, Highest Angel (Venezuela) Major Deserts of the World  Water, Lowest Body Dead Sea • Antarctic, Polar, 5.5 million mi2, Antarctica  Zoo, Largest Kruger National Park, South • Arctic, Polar, 5.4 million mi2, Alaska, Canada, Africa Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland,  Mountain Peak Range Date of First Location Russia Height Ascent Ft. M • Sahara, Subtropical, 3.5 million mi2, Northern  Everest 1 Himalayas 29.05.1953 Nepal/Tibet Africa 29,028 8,848 • Arabian, Subtropical, 1 million mi2, Arabian  K2 (Gidwin Austen) Karakoram 31.07.1954 Peninsula Pakistan/China 28,251 8,611 • Gobi, ColdWinter, 500,000 mi2, China  Kanchenjunga Himalayas 25.05.1955 andMongolia India/Nepal 28,169 8.586 • Patagonian, ColdWinter, 260,000 mi2, Argentina  Lhotse I Himalayas 18.05.1956 Nepal/Tibet • Great Victoria, Subtropical, 250,000 mi2, Australia 27,940 8,516 www.BankExamsToday.com Page 27 India's Best Current Affairs Android App • Kalahari, Subtropical, 220,000 mi2, SouthGK Africa, Digest forSUBJECT SSC CGL- Generalv2 Sciene Botswana, Namibia SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS • Great Basin, Cold Winter, 190,000 mi2, United States • Cinematography: It is an instrument used in • Thar, Subtropical, 175,000 mi2, India, Pakistan cinema making to throw on screen and enlarged • Chihuahuan, Subtropical, 175,000 mi2, Mexico image of photograph. • Great Sandy, Subtropical, 150,000 mi2, Australia • Crescograph: It measures the growth in plants. • Kara-Kum, ColdWinter, 135,000 mi2, Uzbekistan, • Cyclotron: A charged particle accelerator which Turkmenistan can accelerate charged particles to high energies. • Colorado Plateau, Cold Winter, 130,000 mi2, • Dynamo: It converts mechanical energy into United States electrical energy. • Gibson, Subtropical, 120,000 mi2, Australia • Dynamometer: It measures electric power • Sonoran, Subtropical, 120,000 mi2, United States, • Electrometer: It measure electricity Mexico • Electroscope: It detects presence of an electric charge.

Deepest Caves of the World • Endoscope: It examines internal parts of the body. • Krubera which is the deepest cave in the world • Eudiometer: A glass tube for measuring volume located in, Georgia (Abkhazia). The estimated depthBankExamsToday.comchanges in chemical reactions between gases. is 2,080m (6822ft). • Fathometer: It measures the depth of the ocean. • Lamprechtsofen which is the second deepest cave • Galvanometer: It measures the electric current of located in, Austria. The estimated depth is 1,631 m low magnitude. (5,354 ft). • Hydrometer: It measures the specific gravity of • Gouffre Mirolda which is third in the list of deepest liquids. caves happens to be in France and estimated depth • Hygrometer: It measures humidity in air. is 1,626 m (5,335 ft). • Hydrophone: It measures sound under water. • Reseau Jean Bernard which was once believed to • Kymograph: It graphically records be the deepest cave in the world is physiologicalmovements (Blood pressure and heart located in Alps, in Samoens, France. The depth of beat). the cave is 1,062 m (5,256 ft). • Lactometer: It determines the purity of milk. • Torca del Cerro, last but not least the fifth in the list • Manometer: It measures the pressure of gases. of deepest caves happens to be Torca del Cerro • Mariner’s compass: It is an instrument used by the located in Spain with a depth of 1,589 m (5,213 ft) it sailors to determine the direction. is one of the deepest caves in Spain. • Microphone: It converts the sound waves into electrical vibrations and to magnify the sound. • Microscope: It is used to obtain magnified view of www.BankExamsToday.com Page 28 India's Best Current Affairs Android App small objects. GK Digest for• SSCStereoscope: CGL v2 It is used to view two dimensional • Odometer: An instrument by which the distance pictures. covered by wheeled vehicles is measured. • Stethoscope: An instrument which is used by the • Phonograph: An instrument for producing sound. doctors to hear and analyze heart and lung sounds. • Photometer: The instrument compares the • Straboscope: It is used to view rapidly moving luminous intensity of the source of light objects. • Periscope: It is used to view objects above sea • Tachometer: An instrument used in measuring level (used in sub-marines). speeds of aero planes and motor boats. • Potentiometer: It is used for comparing • Teleprinter: This instrument receives and sends electromotive force of cells. typed messages from one place to another. • Pyrometer: It measures very high temperature. • Telescope: It views distant objects in space. • Radar: It is used for detecting the direction and • Theodolite: It measures horizontal and vertical range of an approaching plane by means of radio angles. microwaves. • Thermometer: This instrument is used for the • Rain Gauge: An apparatus for recording rainfall at measurement of temperatures. a particular place. • Thermostat: It regulates the temperature at a • Radiometer: It measures the emission of radiant particular point. energy. BankExamsToday.com• Viscometer: It measures the viscosity of liquids. • Refractometer: It measures· refractive index. • Voltmeter: It measures the electric potential • Saccharimeter: It measures the amount of sugar in difference between two points. the solution. • Altimeter: It measures altitudes and is used in • Seismograph: It measures the intensity of aircrafts. earthquake shocks. • Ammeter: It measures strength of electric current • Salinometer: It determines salinity of solution. (in amperes). • Sextant: This is used by navigators to find the • Audiometer: It measures intensity of sound. latitude of a place by measuring the elevation above • Anemometer: It measures force and velocity of the horizon of the sun or another star. wind. • Spectrometer: It is an instrument for measuring the • Audiophone It is used for Improving imperfect energy distribution of a particular type of radiation. sense of hearing. • Speedometer: It is an instrument placed in a • Barograph: It is used for continuous recording of vehicle to record its speed. atmospheric pressure. • Sphygmomanometer: It measures blood pressure. • Barometer: It measures atmospheric pressure • Spherometer: It measures the curvatures of • Binocular: It is used to view distant objects surfaces. • Bolometer: It measures heat radiation.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 29 India's Best Current Affairs Android App • Calorimeter: It measures quantity of heat.GK Digest for SSC CGLViscosity v2 newton second per square m. • Carburetor: It is used in an internal combustion N.s.m–2 engine for charging air with petrol vapour.  Thermal Conductivity watt per metre per • Cardiogram: It traces movements of the heart, degree celcius WM–1C–1 recorded on a cardiograph.  Specific Heat Capacity joule per kilogram per • Chronometer: It determines longitude of a place Kelvin Jkg–1K–1 kept onboard ship.  Electric Charge coulomb C  Potential Difference volt V Quantity SI Symbol  Electric Resistane ohm W  Length metre m  Electrical Capacity farad F  Mass kilogram kg  Magnetic Induction henry H  Time second s  Work and Energy joule J Quantity SI Symbol

 Electric Current ampe A  Magnetic Flux weber Wb  Temperature kelvin K  Luminous Flux lumen lm  Intensity of Flame candela cd  or photometric Power  Angle radian rad  Intensity of illumination lux lx  Solid Angle stereadian sr BankExamsToday.com Wave length Angstrom A  Force newton N  Astronomical distance light year ly  Area square metre m2 METALS AND THEIR ORES  Volume Cubic metre m3  Speed metre per second ms-1  Angle Velocity radian per second rad s–1 Metal Ores  Frequency Hertz Hz   Moment of Inertia kilogram squre metre Sodium (Na) Chile, Saltpetre Trona, Borax, kgm2 Common salt   Momentum kilogram metre per second kg Aluminium (Al) Bauxite, Corundum, Felspar, ms–1 Cryolite, Alunite, Kaolin   Impulse newton second Ns Potassium (K) Nitre (Salt Peter), Carnalite   AngularMomentum kilogram square metre Magnesium (Mg) Magnesite, Dolomite, per second Kgm2s–1 Epsom salt, Kieserite, Carnalite   Pressure pascal Pa Calcium (Ca) Dolomite, Calcite, Gypsum,  Power watt W Fluorospar, Asbestes  Strontium (Sr) Strontianite, Silestine  Surface Tension newton per metre Nm–1

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 30 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Copper (Cu) Cuprite, Copper glance,GK Copper Digest for SSC CGLMagnalium v2 For frame of aeroplane pyrites  Duralumin For making utensil  Silver (Ag) Ruby Silver, Horn silver  Gold (Au) Calaverite, Silvenite Type metal In printing industry  Barium (Ba) Barytes Alloys Uses  Zinc (Zc) Zinc Blende, Zincite, Calamine Bell metal For casting bells, statues  Mercury (Hg) Cinnabar Stainless steel For making utensils and surgical  Tin (Sn) Casseterite cutlery  Lead (Pb) Galena Nickel steel For making electrical wire, automobile  Antimony (Sb) Stibenite parts  Cadmium (Cd) Greenocite  Bismuth (Bi) Bismuthite Organisations

 Iron (Fe) Haemetite, Lemonite, Magnetite, INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION Siderite, Iron pyritesh, Copper pyrites UN had its origin in August, 1944 at Dumbarton  Cobalt (Co) Smelite Oaks Conference where the representatives of USA,  Nickel (Ni) Milarite UK, USSR and China met to form an association for  Magnese (Mn) Pyrolusite, Magneite the maintenance of international peace and security.  Uranium (U) Carnetite, Pitch blende BankExamsToday.comFinally, on June 26, 1945, the charter of the United Nations was signed in a conference called at “San ALLOYS & THEIR USES Fransisco”, which included the representatives of 51  Alloys Uses states. The charter then came into force on 24  Brass In making utensils Octobar, 1945; thus 24 October has been celebrated  Bronze In making coins, bell and utensils as the UN day.  German Silver In making utensils Headquarters, Flag, Languages: United Nation’s  Rolled gold In making cheap ornaments Headquarter is situated in Manhattan Island of  Gun metal In making gun, barrels, gears and New York and the European office at Geneva. The bearings Flag of the UNO was adopted in Octobar 1947. The  Delta metal In making blades of aeroplane flag includes white UN emblem (two bent olive  Munz metal In making coins branches, open at the top and between them is the  Dutch metal In making artificial ornaments world map) on a light blue background. The flag was  Monel metal For base containing container adopted by the UNO in Octobar, 1947. Official  Rose metal For making automatic fuse Language of UNO are French, Chinese,  Solder For soldering English, Russian, Arabic and Spanish.While the working languages are only French and English.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 31 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Aims and Objectives of UNO: The main objectivesGK Digest of for(ii) SSC The CGL Judges v2 of the International Court of Justice UNO are: are elected by general assembly. • To maintain international peace and security. (iii) It elects the non-permanent members of Security • To develop spirit of co-operation and friendly Council, members of Economic and Social Council, relations among the nations. and certain members of Trusteeship Council. • To promote respect for human rights, dignity and (iv) It passes entire budget of UNO. freedom. • To solve international problems of social, economic, 2. Security Council: It is the executive body of UN agricultural and humanitarian character. which is responsible for maintaining international • To employ international machinery for the peace in the world. Its session can be summoned at promotion of economic and social advancement of 24 hour notice and if functions almost continuously. all people. The council consists of 15 members–5 permanent (USA, UK; Russia, France and China) and 10 Organs of the UN non-permanent members which are elected for a There are six main organs of UN: term of 2 years by the General Assembly. the 1. General Assembly: It is the main body of UN and distribution of the numbers of non-permanent consists of the representatives of all the states. Each members are (1) Five members from Asian and state may send 5 representatives in the general BankExamsToday.comAfrican countries (2) two from latin American assembly but has only 1 vote. It meets regularly countries (3) two from western Europes and other once a year, special and emergency sessions can (which implies commonwealth countries) (4) and also be sumoned at the request of Security Council. one from east European countries. Each member of Decision of an important matter is taken by the 2/3rd the Security Council has one vote. The approval of majority, while in simple matters, only simple all permanent members is necessary. If any majority is enough. The assembly may discuss any permanent member casts a “Veto” to show its matter within the scope of charter except those disagreement, then no decision can be taken. The already referred to the Security Council. The numbers of affirmative votes needed for a decision assembly generally discusses ways of preserving are atleast nine which includes the vote of 5 peace, economic development and social progress, permanent members. In the event of a threat to well being of people, peaceful use of atomic energy, peace or occurence of war between two or more human right etc. It elects its own President & countries, the Security Council has the power to take Vice-President every year. appropriate measures to restore peace and security. Functional of General Assembly

(i) The membership of new states is done by the 3. Economic and Social Council: The Economic and general assembly on the recommendation of Social Council (ECOSOC) is the welfare council Security Council. www.BankExamsToday.com Page 32 India's Best Current Affairs Android App which coordiantes the economic and socialGK activities Digest forNations, SSC CGL the Courtv2 began work in 1946 as the of the United Nations and its specialised agencies successor to the Permanent Court of International and other organisations. This council meets at least Justice. The ICJ is composed of 15 judges elected to thrice a year. It is composed of 54 members. nine year terms by the UN General Assembly and General Assembly elects one-third members of the UN Security Council from a list of persons, ECOSOC every year for a period of 3 years. nominated by the national groups in the Permanent ECOSOC takes decision by a majority of those Court of Arbitration. All 192 UN members are members present and automatically parties to the Court’s statute. Article 94 voting. ECOSOC seeks to build a world of greater establishes the duty of all UN members to comply prosperity, stability and justice. with decisions of the Court involving them. If parties do not comply, the issue may be taken before the 4. The Trusteeship Council: The Prime responsibility Security Council for enforcement action. It conducts of this council is to supervise the administration of its business in English and French. those territories which were placed under the International Trusteeship System. This council of 6. Secretariat: All day today functions of the UN are UNO is also known as ‘Protector of Dependent performed by the Secretariat. the Secretariat is People’ who are not yet able to Govern themselves. headed by the Secretary-General who is the chief It consists of member of states administering trust BankExamsToday.comAdministrative Officer, and he is appointed by the territories and permanent members of the security General Assembly upon the recommendation of council nto administering territories. Under the Security Council for a fiveyear term, which is charter, the member states have to accept certain renewable. It is his duty to implement all resolutions obligations to promote their development and to passed by the Security Council or the General protect their interest and security so long as the Assembly. He makes the annual report of General trustee territories are not able to govern themselves. Assembly and also bring to the notice of security At present, USA is the only administering trust council about any matter threatening the territory. So, the Trusteeship Council consists of only maintenance of international peace and Security. permanentmembers. This council meets at least Secretary General: Ban Ki Moom once in a year.

International Monetary Fund (IMF) 5. International Court of Justice (ICJ): HQ-The Hague, The Netherlands The International Court of HQ – Washington, D.C. Justice (known colloquially as the World Court or ICJ) The IMF came into existence in December 1945, as is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. one among the Bretton Wood twins when the first 29 Established in 1945 by the Charter of the United countries signed its Articles of Agreement. The

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 33 India's Best Current Affairs Android App International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an GK Digest for(MIGA), SSC CGL established v2 in 1988, which provides international organisation that oversees the global insurance against certain types of risk, including financial system by observing exchange rates and political risk, primarily to the private sector; and balance of payments. An unwritten rule establishes (v) The International Centre for Settlement of that the IMF’s Investment Disputes (ICSID), established in 1966, managing director must be non-Italian European which works with governments to reduce investment and that the president of the World Bank must be risk. from the United States. IMF describes itself as “an Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) organisation of 185 countries, Montenegro being the 185th as of January 18th, 2007. HQ–Rome, Italy. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) is a World Bank Group specialized agency of the United Nations that leads HQ–Washington, D.C. international efforts to defeat hunger. FAO was The World Bank Group is a group of five founded on 16 October 1945, in Quebec City, international organisations responsible for providing Canada. In 1951 its hadquarters were moved from finance and advice to countries for the purposes of Washington, D.C., United States, to Rome, Italy. As economic development and eliminating poverty. The of 17 November 2007, it had 191 members (plus one Bank came into formal existence on 27 December, BankExamsToday.commember organisation, the European Community 1945 following international ratification of the Bretton and one associate member, the Faroe Islands). Woods agreements, it approved its first loan to International Labour Organisation (ILO) France for postwar reconstruction. The World Bank Group consists of: HQ-Geneva, Switzerland. (i) The International Bank for Reconstruction and The International Labour Organisation (ILO) is a Development (IBRD), established in 1945, which specialized agency of the United Nations that deals provides debt financing on the basis of sovereign with labour issues. Founded in 1919, it was formed guarantees; through the negotiations of the Treaty of Versailles, (ii) The International Finance Corporation (IFC), and was initially an agency of the League of Nations. established in 1956, which provides various forms of The ILO hosts the International Labour Conference financing without sovereign guarantees, primarily to in Geneva every year in June. The organisation the private sector; received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1969. Its (iii) The International Development Association secretariat is known as the International Labour (IDA), established in 1960, which provides Office. Its a tripartite intergovernmental body of concessional financing (interest-free loans or governments, employers and workers. grants), usually with sovereign guarantees; (iv) The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency www.BankExamsToday.com Page 34 India's Best Current Affairs Android App United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalGK Digest forinherited SSC CGL the mandatev2 and resources of its Organisation (UNESCO) predecessor, the Health Organization, which had

HQ-Paris, France. been an agency of the League of Nations. WHO UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific complies the widely followed International and Cultural Organisation) is a specialized agency Classification of Diseases (ICD). of the United Nations established in 1945. Its stated International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) purpose is to contribute to peace and security by HQ-Vienna, Austria. promoting international collaboration through The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was education, science, and culture in order to further established as an autonomous organisation on July universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and the 29, 1957. It seeks to promote the peaceful use of human rights and fundamental freedoms proclaimed nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for military in the UN Charter. As of October 2007, UNESCO purposes. United States President Dwight D. had 193 Eisenhower envisioned, in his “Atoms for Peace” member states and 6 associate members. speech before the UN General Assembly in 1953, International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) the

HQ–Montreal, Canada. creation of this international body to control and The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO),BankExamsToday.comdevelop the use of atomic energy. an agency of the United Nations set up in 1944, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) codifies the principles and techniques of HQ–Paris, France. international air navigation and fosters the The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is planning and development of international air an international organisation established to transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. The standardise and regulate international radio and ICAO defines the protocols for air accident telecommunications. It was founded as the investigation, followed by transport safety authorities International Telegraph Union in Paris in May 17, in countries signatory to the Convention on 1865, and is today the World’s oldest international International Civil Aviation, commonly organisation. Its main tasks include standardization, known as the Chicago Convention. allocation of the radio World Health Organisation (WHO) spectrum, and organising interconnection

HQ-Geneva, Switzerland. arrangements between different countries to allow The World Health Organisation (WHO) is a international phone calls. specialized agency of the United Nations that acts Universal Postal Union (UPU) as a coordianting authority on international public HQ–Berne, Switzerland health. Established on 7 April 1948, the agency

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 35 India's Best Current Affairs Android App The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is an internationalGK Digest forUnited SSC CGLNations v2 for meteorology (weather and organisation that coordiantes postal policies climate), operational hydrology and related between member nations, and hence the worldwide geophysical sciences. The WMO helped create the postal system. Each member country agrees to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). same set of terms for conducting international postal It is also directly responsible for the creation of the duties. It is the second oldest, international Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW). organisation (after the ITU). It was created in 1874, nterpol (International Criminal Police Organisation) under the name “General Postal Union”, as a result of the Treaty of Berne signed on 9 October 1874. In HQ–Lyon, France 1878, the name was changed to “Universal Postal Established as International Criminal Police Union”. Commission in 1923 to assist international criminal police co-operation. Its work focuses primarily on International Maritime Organisation (IMO) public safety, terrorism, organised crime etc. It is the HQ–London, U.K world’s third largest international organisation after The International Maritime Organisation (IMO), UN and FIFA. formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime International Criminal Court (ICC) Consultative Organization (IMCO), was established in 1948, through the United Nations to coordinate BankExamsToday.comHQ–The Hague, The Netherlands. international maritime safety and related practices. It is a court created under the Rome Statute of 2002 However the IMO did not enter into full force until as an independent, permanent court that tries 1958. The IMO promotes cooperation among persons accused of the most serious crimes of government and the shipping industry to improve international concern, namely genocide, crimes maritime safety and to prevent marine pollution. against humanity and war crimes. The ICC is based on a treaty, joined by 104 countries. The ICC is a World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) court of last resort. It will not act if a case is HQ–Geneva, Switzerland. investigated or prosecuted by a national judicial The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) is a system unless the national proceedings are not specialized agency of the United Nations. It is the genuine. In addition, the ICC UN system’s authoritative voice on the state and only tries those accused of the gravest crimes. behaviour of the Earth’s atmosphere, its interaction Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons with the oceans, and the climate produces or the (OPCW) resulting distribution of water resources. It originated from the International Meteorological Organisation HQ–The Hague, The Netherlands. (IMO), which was founded in 1873. Established in The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical 1950, WMO became the specialized agency of the Weapons (OPCW) is an international agency. Its

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 36 India's Best Current Affairs Android App mission is to promote membership of the GKChemical Digest forUnited SSC NationsCGL v2 Conference on Trade and Development Weapons Convention treaty which entered into force (UNCTAD) in 1997 and mandated the elimination of “the HQ–Geneva, Switzerland. scourge of chemical weapons forever and to verify The United Nations Conference on Trade and the destruction of the declared chemical weapons Development (UNCTAD) was established in 1963 as stockpiles within stipulated deadlines”. a permanent intergovernmental body, UNCTAD is the principal organ of the United Nations General United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Assembly dealing with trade, investment and HQ–New York City, USA development issues. UNCTAD has 191 member The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) was States. created on December 11, 1946. In 1953, its name was shortened from United Nations International United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Children’s Emergency Fund. UNICEF provides HQ–Gigiri, Nairobi, Kenya. long-term humanitarian and developmental It was founded as a result of the United Nations assistance to children and mothers in developing Conference on the Human Environment in 1973. countries. UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace The World Meteorological Organisation and the Prize in 1965. UNEP established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. UNEP is also one United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) BankExamsToday.com of several implementing agencies for the Global HQ–Vienna, Austria. Environment Facility (GEF). The year 2007 has United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) been declared as International Year of the Dolphin is a United Nations agency which was founded in by the United Nations and UNEP. 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention with the intent to fight drugs and crime on United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) an international level. This intent is fulfilled through HQ–New York City, USA. three primary functions: research, lobbying state The United Nations Development Programme government to adopt various crime and drug based (UNDP), the United Nations’ global development laws and treaties and assistance of said network, is the largest multilateral source of governments on the ground level. In October 2002, development assistance in the world. The UNDP is the an executive board within the United Nations United Nations Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) Economic and Social Council. The UNDP was merged into the UNODC. Administrator is the third highest ranking member of the United Nations after the United Nations Secretary-General and Deputy Secretary-General. UNDP publishes an

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 37 India's Best Current Affairs Android App annual Human Development Report to measureGK Digest and forOrganisation SSC CGL v2(UNIDCO), is a specialized agency in analyze developmental progress. the United Nations system. UNIDO was established as a UN programme in 1966 and became a United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees specialized agency of the United Nations in 1985. (UNHCR)

HQ–Geneva, Switzerland. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) The United Nations High Commissioner for HQ–New York, USA. Refugees (UNHCR) (established December 14, The United Nations Fund for Population Activities 1950) protects and supports refugees at the request was started in 1969 and renamed the United Nations of a government or the United Nations and assists in Population Fund (UNFPA) in 1987. The United their return or resettlement. It succeeded the earlier Nations Population Fund is the world’s largest International Refugee Organisation and the even international source of funding for population and earlier United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation reproductive health programs. Administration. World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) UNHCR was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1954 and 1981. UNHCR presently has major HQ–Geneva, Switzerland. missions in Lebanon, South Sudan, Chad/Darfur, The World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) Iraq, Afghanistan as well as Kenya to assist and BankExamsToday.comis one of the specialized agencies of the United provide services to IDPs and refugees. Nations. WIPO was created in 1967 with the stated purpose of encouraging creative activity and United Nations Human Settlements Programme promoting the protection of intellectual property (UN-HABITAT) throughout the world. WIPO currently has 184 HQ–Nairobi, Kenya. member states and administers 23 international The United Nations Human Settlements Programme treaties. Vatican City and almost all UN members (UN-HABITAT) is the United Nations agency for are member of the WIPO. The predecessor to human settlements. It was established in 1978. It is WIPIO was the BIRPI (French acronym for United mandated by the United Nations General Assembly International Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual to promote socially and Property), which had been set up in 1893 to environmentally sustainable towns and cities with administer the Berne Convention for the Protection the goal of providing adequate shelter for all. of Library and Artistic Works and the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. United Nations Industrial Development Organisation WIPO was formally created by the Convention (UNIDO) Establishing the World Intellectual Property HQ–Vienna, Austria. Organisation (signed at Stockholm on July 14, 1967 The United Nations Industrial Development and as amended on September 28, 1979).

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 38 India's Best Current Affairs Android App World Trade Organisation (WTO) GK Digest forby SSC members CGL ofv2 the anti-globalisation movement to HQ–Geneva, Switzerland. coordiante world campaigns, share and refine The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is an organizing strategies, and inform each other about international organisation that establishes rules for movements from around the world and their issues. international trade through consensus among its It tends to meet in January when its “great capitalist member states. It also resolves disputes between rival”, the World Economic Forum is meeting in the members, which are all signatories to its set of Davos, trade agreements. Uruguay Round of General Switzerland. Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), World Economic Forum (WEF) negotiations culminating in the The World Economic Forum (WEF) is a Marrakesh Agreement that established the WTO. Geneva-based foundation whose annual meeting of There are 151 member states in the organisation, top business leaders, national political leaders the latest to join being Tonga on July 27, 2007. Since (presidents, prime ministers and others), and its inception in 1995, the WTO has been a major selected intellectuals and journalists is usually held focus for protests by civil society groups in many in Davos, Switzerland. There are also regional countries. meetings throughout the year. It was founded in International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement BankExamsToday.com1971 by Klaws M. Schwab, a business professor in HQ–Geneva, Switzerland. Switzerland. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Global Water Partnership (GWP) Movement is an international humanitarian It is a network created by stakeholders including movement founded in 1863, whose stated mission is Sweden, The UNDP, World Bank and committee of to protect human life and health, to ensure respect Economic development of Australia. It has been for the human being, and to prevent and alleviate established to ensure optimum use of scrace water human suffering, without any discrimination based resources in an integrated manner to benefit the on nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or world community. political opinions. It adopted a new symbol a hollowed out red crystal on a white background in Asian Development Bank (ADB) addition to the present symbols of red cross (1863) HQ–Manila, Philippines. and red cresent (1876). Red star of David was used The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional by Israel till now. Awarded the Nobel Peace prize in development bank established in 1966 to promote three times –1917, 1944 and 1963. economic and social development in Asian and World Social Forum (WSF) Pacific countries through loans and technical assistance. It is a multilateral development financial The World Social (WSF) is an annual meeting held

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 39 India's Best Current Affairs Android App institution owned by 66 members, 47 fromGK the regionDigest forensure SSC CGL transparency v2 and accountability, a dedicated and 19 from other parts of the globe. ADB’s vision is support office will arrange for monitoring, evaluation a region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its and auditing of the program. The idea for the Fund developing member countries reduce poverty and was first articulated by President Bush in a speech improve the quality of life of their citizens. The before the UN General Assembly last fall and has highest policy-making body of the bank is the Board been embraced by the 141 nations that attended the of Governors composed of one representative from third ministerial meeting of the Community of each member state. The Board of Governors also Democracies in Santiago, Chile in April 2005. elect the bank’s President who is the chairperson of UN Secretaries General the Board of Directors and manages ADB. Traditionally, and because Japan is one of the Year Name Nation largest shareholders of the bank, the President has  1946-1952 Trygve Lie Norway always been Japanese.  1953-1960 Dag Hammarskjold Sweden  1961-1971 U Thant Burma African Development Bank (ADBP)  1972-1981 Kurt Waldheim Austria HQ–Abidjan, Cote D’Ivoire.  1982-1991 Javier Peres De Cuellar Peru Established officially in 1964 as a result of  1992-1996 Dr. Boutros Boutros Ghali Egypt Monorovian Conference of 1961, under the BankExamsToday.com 1997-2006 Kofi Annan Ghana auspices of the Economic Commission for Africa,  2007-2011 Ban Ki Moo S. Korea (First Term) the ADBP began operation in 1966 with. With the  2012-Presentnt - Ban Ki Moon S. Korea statute of a regional multilateral development bank, (Second Term) the African Development Bank engaged in promoting the economic development and social Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) progress of its Regional Member Countries (RMCs) HQ–Jakarta, Indonesia. in Africa. The African Development Bank Group has The Association of Southeast Asian Nations two other entities: the African (ASEAN) is a geopolitial and economic organisation Development Fund (ADF) and the Nigeria Trust of 10 countries, located in Southeast Asia. ASEAN Fund (NTF). was established on 8 August, 1967 in Bangkok by the five original Member Countries UN Democracy Fund (UNDEF) namely–Indonesia, Malaysia, Phillippines, The UN Democracy Fund will be a voluntary fund Singapore, and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam joined housed in the UN Fund for International on 8 January 1984, Vietnam on 28 July 1995, Lao Partnerships (UNFIP), but with its own Executive PDR and Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia Head who will report to an Advisory Board of on 30 April 1999. Member States on substantive matters. In order to

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 40 India's Best Current Affairs Android App GK Digest forCommon SSC CGLFisheries v2 Policy. The Schengen Agreement abolished passport control and customs ASEAN Plus Three (APT) checks for most member states within EU’s internal APT is a forum that functions as a coordinator of borders, creating, to some extent, a single area of cooperation between Association of Southeast free movement for EU citizens to live, travel, work Asian Nations and the three East Asian nations of and invest. A Common Foreign and Security Policy, China, Japan, and South Korea. The first leaders’ and the Police and Judicial Co-operation in criminal meeting was held in 1997 and the group’s matters have been initiated. significance and importance was stregthened by the Important EU institutions and b odies include the Asian Financial Crisis. The grouping was European Commission, the Council of the European institutionalised by 1999. Union, the European Council, the European Central Bank, the European Court of Justice, and the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) European Parliament which is directly elected by EU ASEAN Regional Forum is an informal multilateral citizens once every five years. dialogue of 25 members that seeks to address security issues in the Asia-Pacific region. ARF met  Location of European Union Institutions for the first time in 1994. The current participants in  Brussels : seat of the European Commission the ARF are as follows: ASEAN, Australia, Canada, and the Council of Ministers. People’s Republic of China, European, Union, India,BankExamsToday.com  Strasbourg : Seat of the European Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, New Parliament. Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Russia,  Luxembourg : Seat of the European Court of East Timor, and the Unites States. Bangladesh was Justice, the European Court of Auditors, the added to ARF as the 26th member, starting from  Secretariat of the European Parliament and July 28, 2006. the European Investment European Union (EU)  Bank. The European Union (EU) is a supranational and  Frankfurt : Seat of the European Central intergovernmental union of 27 democratic member Bank. states in Europe. It was established under that name by the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty) Council of European Union signed on February 7, 1992 in Maastricht, (a) Main EU decision making body. Netherlands. The Union has a single market (b) Also known as Council ofMinisters. consisting of a customs union, a currency called the (c) Represents interests of individual member euro (adopted by 13 member states), a Common states. Agricultural Policy, a common trade policy and a (d) Each member states represented by its own

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 41 India's Best Current Affairs Android App ministers. GK Digest forThe SSC Economic CGL v2 Community of West African States (e) Presidency rotates between member states on (ECOWAS) is a regional group initially of sixteen six-monthly basis. countries, founded on May 28, 1975 when sixteen European Commission West African countries signed the Treaty of Lagos. (a) Proposes legislation to Council and Parliament. Its mission is to promote economic integration. (b) Manages implementation of EU legislation. Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (c) Commissioners appointed on five-yearly basis by (CEMAC) Council in agreement with member states. (d) Appointments confirmed by parliament to which HQ-Bangui, Central African Republic. commission is answerable. The Economic and Monetary Community of Central European Parliament Africa (CEMAC) is an organisation of states of (a) Votes on and oversees implementation of EU Central Africa established to promote economic budget. integration among countries that share a common (b) Considers Commission proposals on legislation. currency, the CFA franc. CEMAC is the successor of (c) Works with Council on legislative decisions. the Customs and Economic Union of Central Africa (UDEAC), which it completely superseded in June Caribbean Community (CARICOM) 1999 (through an agreement from 1994). Its six HQ–Georgetown, Guyana BankExamsToday.commembers states are Cameroon, the Central African The Caribbean Community and Common market or Republic, Chad, the Republic of the Congo, CARICOM was established by the Treaty of Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Equatorial Guinea Chaguaramas which came into effect on August 1, joined in January 1984. 1973. The first four signatories were Barbados, Southern African Customs Union (SACU) Jamaica, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. CARICOM replaced the 1965–1972 Caribbean Free HQ–Windhoek, Namibia. Trade Association (CARIFTA). Currently CARICOM SACU is the oldest customs union in the world. It has 15 full members, five associate members and was established in 1910 as a Customs Union seven observers. From March 2004, Haiti’s Agreement between the then Union of South Africa participation in CARICOM and the High Commission Territories of was suspended by its interim Prime Minister. But in Bechuanaland, Basutoland and Swaziland. With the early June 2006, Haiti was readmitted as a full advent of independence for these territories, the member of the CARICOM. agreement was updated and on December 11, 1969 it was re-launched as the SACU was the signing of Economic Community of West African States an agreement between the Republic of South Africa, (ECOWAS) Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. The updated HQ–Abuja, Nigeria. union officially entered into force on March 1, 1970.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 42 India's Best Current Affairs Android App After Namibia’s independence in 1990, it joinedGK Digest foralleviation’. SSC CGL It v2was agreed in principle to the desire of SACU as its fifth member. China and Japan to become SAARC obsevers. The Islamic Republic of Iran is the only country in Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf Southern Asia that is not a part of SAARC. In April (GCC) 2006, the United States of America and South Korea HQ–Riyadh. made formal requests to be granted observer status. The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the The European Gulf, formerly named and still commonly called Gulf Union has also indicated interest in being given Cooperation Council (GCC) is a regional observer status, and made a formal request for the organisation involving the six Arab Gulf states with same to the SAARC Council of Ministers meeting in many economic and social objectives in mind. July 2006. On August 2nd, 2006 Foreign ministers of Created onMay 25, 1981, the Council is comprised SAARC countries agreed in principle to grant of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and observer status to the US, South Korea and the the United Arab Emirates. Not all of the countries European Union. neighboring the Persian Gulf are members of the council. Specifically, Iran and Iraq are not members. Group of 77 (G-77) Yemen is currently (as of 2007) in negotiotions for HQ–New York, USA GCC membership, and hopes to join by 2016. On BankExamsToday.comThe Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose the economic front, the GCC aims to create a coalition of developing nations, designed to promote common market by 2007 and to adopt a single its members’ collectives, economic and interest to currency, the Khaleeji, in 2010. create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 founding members of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation the organisation, but the organisation has since (SAARC) expanded to 130 member countries. It is modelled HQ–Kathmandu, Nepal. on the Group of 7, which now contains 8 countries. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation The group was founded on June 15, 1964 by the (SAARC) is the largest regional organisation in the “Joint Declaration of the Seventy Seven Countries” world by population, covering approximately 1.5 issued at the United Nations Conference on Trade billion people. SAARC is an economic and political and Development (UNCTAD). organisation of eight countries in Southern Asia. The organisation was established on December 8, 1985 Intergovernmental Group of Twenty Four (G-24) by India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, HQ–Washington D.C., USA Maldives and Bhutan. Afghanistan became a The Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on member (eighth) on April 3, 2007. It declared International Monetary Affairs and Development 2006–2015 as the’SAARC decade of poverty (G-24) was established in 1971. Its main objective is

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 43 India's Best Current Affairs Android App to concert the position of developing countriesGK Digest on forgranted SSC CGL observer v2 status by the second ministerial monetary and development of finance issues. It meeting in Dhaka, Bangladesh in December 1998. consists of countries from three regions of Africa, Later, full membership has been granted to Nepal Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia. and Bhutan in 2003. During the first summit in Bangkok on 31 July 2004, the organisation’s name North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) was changed to its current name. The Noth American Free Trade Area is the trade bloc created by the North American free Trade Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Agreement (NAFTA) and its two supplements, the Development (OECD) North American Agreement on Environmental HQ–Chateau de laMuette in Paris, France. Cooperation (NAAEC) and the North American The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC) whose Development (OCED) is an international members are Canada, Mexico and the United States. organisation of those developed countries that It came accept the principles of representative democracy into effect on 1 January 1994. It is the world’s largest and a free market economy. It originated in 1948 as free trade area. the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) to help administer the Marshal Developing 8 (D-8) BankExamsToday.comPlan for the reconstruction of Europe after World HQ-Istanbul, Turkey. War II. Later its membership was extended to The Developing 8 (D-8) is a group of developing non-European states, and in countries that have formed an economic 1961 it was reformed into the Organisation for development alliance. It consists of Bangladesh, Economic Co-operation and Development. There Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan are currently thirty full members; of these, 24 are and Turkey. described as high-income countries by theWorld Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi Sectoral Technical Bank. and Economic Co-operation (BIMSTEC) The organisation was formed in Bangkok, Thailand, Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries on 6 June 1997. Initially, its name was BIST-EC (OPEC) (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand Economic HQ–Vienna, Austria. Cooperation). At that time, Myanmar was an The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting observer, but later joined the organisation as a full Countries (OPEC) is a permanent, member at a special ministerial meeting, held in intergovernmental Organisation, created at the Bangkok on 22 December 1997. Consequently, the Baghdad Conference on September 10-14, 1960, by name of the Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. The organisation was changed to BIMST-EC. Nepal was five Founding Members were later joined by nine

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 44 India's Best Current Affairs Android App other Members Indonesia’s membership currentlyGK Digest forOIC SSC is CGLan inter v2-governmental organisation with a under review as Indonesia is no longer considered Permanent Delegation to the United Nations. It by OPEC as a net oil exporter. Former Members are groups 57 mostly Islamic nations in the Middle East, Gabon (full member from 1975 to 1995) and North, West and Southern Africa, Central Asia, Ecuador (full member from 1963 to 1993). However Europe, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent Ecuador has and South America. expressed interest in rejoining. OPEC’s official African Union (AU) language is English, although the official language of a majority of OPEC member-states is Arabic, as HQ-Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. seven current members are Arab states. Only one The African Union (AU) is an organisation consisting member nation (Nigeria) has English as an official of fifty-three African States. Established in 2001, the language. From 1976-2006 OPEC gained on new AU was formed as a successor to the amalgamated member nations. In November 2006, the Angolan African Economic Community (AEC) and the Government Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The African announced its intention to apply for membership and Union was launched in Durban on July 9, 2002, by subsequently joined on 1st January 2007. Sudan its first president, South African Thabo Mbeki, at the has also expressed intent for joining. Russia, though first session of the Assembly of the African Union. a net exporter of oil, has failed to gain membership BankExamsToday.comEventually, the AU aims to have a single currency into the grouping. and a signle integrated defence force, as well as other institutions of state, including a cabinet for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) AU Head of State. The AU covers the entire HQ–Singapore. continent except for Morocco, which opposes the The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is membership of Western Sahara/Sahrawi Arab an economic forum for a group of Pacific Rim Democratic Republic. However, Morocco has a countries to discuss matters on regional economy, special status within the AU and benefits from the cooperation, trade and investment. The current services available to all AU states from the membership of APEC consists of 21 members, institutions of the AU. which includes most countries with a coasting on the League of Arab States Pacific Ocean. the last countries to have joined APEC, during its sixth leader’s summit in HQ-Cairo, Egypt. Kualalumpur, November 1998 were Peru, Russia The League of Arab States, or Arab League, is a and Vietnam. voluntary association of countries whose peoples are mainly Arabic speaking. It aims to strengthen Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) ties among member states, coordiante their policies HQ–Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. and direct them towards the common good. The

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 45 India's Best Current Affairs Android App idea of the Arab League was mooted in 1942GK byDigest the forCommonwealth SSC CGL v2 of Independent States (CIS) British, who wanted to rally Arab countries against HQ–Minsk, Belarus. the The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is Axis powers. However, idea did not take off until the international organization, or alliance, consisting seven states formed the Arab League on March 22, of 11 former Soviet Republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, 1945. It has 22 members, including Palestine, which Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, the league regards as an independent state. In Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan and one January 2003, Eritrea joined the Arab League as an associate member. Turkmenistan discontinued observer. permanent membership as of August 26, 2005 and is now an associate member. The CIS is not a North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) confederation. On December 21, 1991, the leaders HQ–Brussels, Belgium. of 11 of The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) also the 15 constituent republics of the Soviet Union met called the North Atlantic Alliance, the Atlantic in Almata, Kazakhstan, and signed the charter, thus Alliance, the Western Alliance, is a military alliance de facto ratifying the initial CIS treaty and launching established by the signing of the North Atlantic the organisation. Treaty on 4 April 1949. The organisation establishes a system of collective security whereby its memberBankExamsToday.comMercosur states agree to mutual defense in response to an HQ–Montevideo, Uruguay. attack by any external party. The Treaty of Brussels, Mercosur or Mercosul is a Regional Trade signed on 17 March 1948 by Belgium, the Agreement (RTA) between Brazil, Argentina, Netherlands, Uruguay, Venezuela and Paraguay, founded in 1991 Luxembourg, France and the United Kingdom is by the Treaty of Asuncion, which was later amended considered the precursor to the NATO agreement. and updated by the 1994 Treaty of Ouro Preto. It is The 2006 NATO summit was held in Riga, Latvia, known as the Common Market of the South. Its which had joined the Atlantic Alliance two years purpose is to promote free trade and the fluid earlier. It is the first NATO summit in a former movement of goods, peoples, and currency. Bolivia, COMECON country. Membership went on Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru currently have expanding with the accession of seven more associate member status. European countries to NATO–Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and also Shanghia Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania thereby HQ–Beijing, China. taking the membership to 26. These 7 countries The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is joined NATO on 29 march 2004. an intergovernmental organisation which was founded on June 14, 2001 by leaders of the China,

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 46 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Russia, Kazakhastan, Kyrgyzstan, TajikistanGK and Digest forconference SSC CGL of v2 Asian countries held in New Delhi in Uzbekistan. Except for Uzbekistan, the other 1947 and Jawaharlal Nehru suggested that it be countries had been members of the Shanghai Five; called ‘Asian Games’. The first Asian Games were after the inclusion of Uzbekistan in 2001, the held at New Delhi in March 1951. Since then Asian members renamed the organisation. Games are held after every four years. Venues of Asian Games Sports and Games Year Venue Year Venue  OLYMPIC GAMES 1951 New Delhi, India 1954 Manila, Philippines The origin of the ancient Olympic Games is  1958 Tokyo, Japan 1962 Jakarta, Indonesia shrouded in mystery. The first historical mention of  1966 Bangkok, Thailand 1970 Bangkok, the Thailand Game was in 776 B.C. Iphites (King of Elis) in  collaboration with Cleosthenes (King of Pisa) and 1974 Tehran, Iran 1978 Bangkok, Thailand Lycurgus (King of Sparta) is reported to have  1982 New Delhi, India 1986 Seoul, South promoted or initiated the Games at Olympia. the Korea Olympiad celebrated that year was considered as  1990 Beijing, China 1994 Hiroshima, Japan the first and was used to date subsequent historic  1998 Bangkok, Thailand 2002 Busan events. the Old Olympiads were held after every fourBankExamsToday.com(formerly-Pusan), South Korea years and the Greeks measured the time in  2006 Doha, Qatar 2010 Guangzhou, China terms of the Games started on the first new moon  2014 Incheon, S. Korea (Scheduled) after the summer solstice, around mid- Background: First held as West Asian Games at July/Agusut. The Games started with sacrifices. New Delhi in 1934 in which India, Afghanistan, Only free-born male Greek citizens without a Palestine and Sri Lanka participated. In view of the criminal record and officially registered in the Citizen enthusiasm it was decided to hold these games Roster of his native city could contest. Slaves and once in four years at mid-point between the women were not eligible. Slowly people from Olympics. However, these games were abandoned other parts of the world were allowed to participate during World War II. and women were also allowed to watch the It was Prof. Gurudutt Sondhi, a member of the IOC Games. encouraged by the sport-lover Maharaja Yadvendra Singh of Patiala and supported by Pandit Asian Games Nehru, tried to revive these games at the Asian History: The idea of the Asian Games was first Relations Conference (ARC) convened by Pt. Nehru conceived by Prof. G.D. Sondhi. The suggestion at New Delhi in 1947. The Asian Atheletic for holding the Asian Games was first made in a Federation (AAF) was formed in 1948 which decided

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 47 India's Best Current Affairs Android App to hold the first Atheletic Championship atGK Digest for• SSCWorld CGL Cup :v2 Cricket New Delhi in 1949. However, the plan did not • World Cup : Hockey materialise. • Reliance Cup : Cricket Again in February 1949, the AAF met at New • Rothman’s Trophy : Cricket Delhiwhere it was renamed as ‘Asian Games • William’s Cup : Basketball Federation’ (AGF). The AGF then decided to • European Champions Cup : Football rename the Asian Atheletic Championship as • Eisenhower Cup : Golf ‘Asiatic • Essandre Champions Cup : Hockey Games’. Subsequently Pt Nehru suggested that • Rene Frank Trophy : Hockey these games be called ‘Asian Games’. The first • Grand Prix : Table Tennis President and Secretary of AGF were Maharaja • Edgbaston Cup : Lawn Tennis Yadvendra Singh of Patiala and Prof. G.D. Sondhi • Grand Prix : Lawn Tennis respectively. • World Cup : Weight-lifting

TROPHIES AND CUPS National Trophies

International Trophies • Agarwal Cup : Badminton • American Cup : Yacht Racing • Agha Khan Cup : Hockey • Ashes : Cricket BankExamsToday.com• All-IndiaWomen’s • Benson and Hedges : Cricket Guru Nanak Championship : Hockey • Canada Cup : Golf • Bandodkar Trophy : Football • Colombo Cup : Football • Bangalore Blues Challenge Cup : Basketball • Corbitton Cup : Table Tennis (Women) • Barna-Bellack Cup : Table Tennis • Davis Cup : Horse Race • Beighton Cup : Hockey • Grand National : Horse Streple Chase Race • Bombay Gold Cup : Hockey • Jules Rimet Trophy : World Soccer Cup • Burdwan Trophy : Weight-lifting • King’s Cup : Air Races • Charminar Trophy : Athletics • Merdeka Cup : Football • Chadha Cup : Badminton • Rydet Cup : Golf • C.K. Naydu Trophy : Cricket • Swaythling Cup : Table Tennis (Men) • Chakoia Gold Trophy : Football • Thomas Cup : Badminton • Divan Cup : Badminton • U. Thant Cup : Tennis • Deodhar Trophy : Cricket • Uber Cup : Badminton (Women) • Duleep Trophy : Cricket • Walker Cup : Golf • DCM Cup : Football • Westchester Cup : Polo • Durand Cup : Football • Wightman Cup : Lawn Tennis • Dhyan Chand Trophy : Hockey www.BankExamsToday.com Page 48 India's Best Current Affairs Android App • Dr. B.C. Roy Trophy : Football (Junior) GK Digest for• SSCRohinton CGL Baria v2 Trophy : Cricket • Ezra Cup : Polo • Rovers Cup : Football • FA Cup : Football • Sanjay Gold Cup : Football • GD Birla Trophy : Cricket • Santosh Trophy : Football • Ghulam Ahmed Trophy : Cricket • Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee : Football • Gurmeet Trophy : Hockey • Subroto Cup : Football • Guru Nanak Cup : Hockey • Scindia Gold Cup : Hockey • Gyanuati Devi Trophy : Hockey • Sahni Trophy : Hockey • Holkar Trophy : Bridge • Sheesh Mahal Trophy : Cricket • Irani Trophy : Cricket • Todd Memorial Trophy : Football • IFA Shield : Football • Tommy Eman Gold Cup : Hockey • Indira Gold Cup : Hockey • Vittal Trophy : Football • Jawaharlal Challenge : Air Racing • Vizzy Trophy : Cricket • Jaswant Singh Trophy : Best Services Sportsman • Vijay Merchant Trophy : Cricket • Kuppuswamy Naidu Trophy : Hockey • Wellington Trophy : Rowing • Lady Rattan Tata Trophy : Hockey • Wills Trophy : Cricket • MCC Trophy : Hockey Places Associated with Sports • Moinuddaula Gold Cup : Cricket BankExamsToday.comSport Associated Places • Murugappa Gold Cup : Hockey • Modi Gold Cup : Hockey Baseball Brooklyn (USA) • Narang Cup : Badminton Boxing • Nehru Trophy : Hockey 1. Madison Square Garden (USA) • Nixan Gold Cup : Football 2. Yankee Stadium, New Delhi • Obaid Ullah Gold Cup : Hockey Cricket • Prithi Singh Cup : Polo 1. Aden Park (Aukland) • Rani Jhansi Trophy : Cricket 2. Brabourne Stadium (Mumbai) • Ranjit Trophy : Cricket 3. Chepauk Ground (Chennai) • Rangaswami Cup : Hockey 4. Eden Gardens (Kolkata) • Ranjit Singh Gold Cup : Hockey 5. Ferozeshah Kotla Ground (Delhi) • Rajendra Prasad Cup : Tennis 6. Green Park (Kanpur) • Ramanujan Trophy : Table Tennis 7. Leeds (London, England) • Rene Frank Trophy : Hockey 8. Lord’s (London, England) • Radha Mohan Cup : Polo 9. Nehru Stadium (Chennai and New Delhi) • Raghbir SinghMemorial : Football 10. Melbourne (Australia)

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 49 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 11. Old Trafford (Manchester, England) GK Digest for1. SSC Wimbledon CGL v2 (England) 12. Oval (London, England) 2. Forest Hill (US) 13. Wankhede Stadium (Mumbai) National Sports and Games Football 1. Brookland (England) Country National Sport Country National Sport 2. Wembley (London) Australia Tennis and Cricket Canada Lacrosse 3. Blackheath (London) China Table Tennis England Cricket, Football 4. Twickenham(London) India Hockey, Kabaddi Japan Judo 5. Corporation Stadium(Kolkata) Malaysia Badminton Scotland Rugby, Football 6. Ambedkar Stadium (New Delhi) Spain Bull Fighting USA Baseball 7. Nehru Stadium (New Delhi) Former Soviet Union Football 8. Yuva Bharati Stadium (Kolkata) Number of Players In Some Popular Sports/Games 9. Golf Sanday Lodge (Scotland) Sports Number of Players (on each side or in 10. Greyhound Race White City (England) each team) Hockey  Baseball 9 1. Dhayn Chand Stadium(Lucknow)  Rugby football 15 2. Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium (Hyderabad)  Polo 4 3. Merdeka Stadium (Kuala Lumpur) BankExamsToday.com  4. National Stadium (New Delhi) Water polo 7 5. Nehru Stadium (New Delhi)  Kho Kho 9 6. Sawai Man Singh Stadium (Jaipur)  Kabaddi 7 7. Shivaji Stadium (New Delhi)  Hockey, Football (soccer), Cricket 11 Horse Racing  Netball 7  Aintree (England) – Grand National Race  Volleyball 6  Doncaster (England) – Derby Race  Tennis and Table Tennis 1 or 2 (Single &  Epsom(England) – Derby Race Doubles respectively)  Pole Hurlingham (England)  Basketball 5  Shooting Bisley (England)  Gymnastic Several individuals compete  Sking Florence (Chadwick)= simultaneously  Snooker Blackpool (England)  Billiards/Snooker 1 Swimming and Rowing  Boxing/Chess 1 1. Cape Gris Nez (Cross-channel swimming)  Bridge 2 2. Putney-Mort-Lake (England)  Croquet 13 or 15 Tennis  Golf Several individuals compete

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 50 India's Best Current Affairs Android App simultaneously GK Digest for SSC CGLRajashree v2 Purushottam Das Tandon  Lacrosse 12  Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore  Ground of Sports and Games  Guruji M.S. Golvalkar  Athletics Track Badminton Court  Desh Ratna Dr. Rajendra Prasad  Baseball Diamond Boxing Ring  Ajatshatru Dr. Rajendra Prasad  Cricket Pitch (Field) Football Field  Mahamana Pt. MadanMohan Malaviya  Golf Course Handball Court  Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose  Hockey Field Ice Hockey Ring  Chacha Jawaharlal Nehru  Lawn Tennis Court Skating Ring  Rajaji, C.R. Chakravarti Rajagopalachari  Wrestling Ring Arena  Sparrow Major General Rajinder Singh  General Knowledge  Young Turk Chandra Shekhar  Tau Chaudhury Devi Lal POPULAR NAMES OF EMINENT PERSONS  Sahid-e-Azam Bhagat Singh (Sobriquets)  Nightinagle of India Sarojini Naidu  Nickname Person  Lady with the lamp Florence Nightingale  Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi  Swar Kokila Lata Mangeshkar  Bapu Mahatma Gandhi  Udanpari P.T. Usha  Frontier Gandhi, Badshah Khan Khan Abdul BankExamsToday.com  Mother Mother Teresa Ghaffar Khan  Vishwa Kavi Rabindranath Tagore  Grand Old Man of India Dadabhai Naoroji  Kaviguru Rabindranath Tagore  Strong (Iron) Man Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel  Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel  Man of Peace Lal Bahadur Shastri  Tota-e-Hind Amir Khushro  Punjab Kesari Lala Lajpat Rai  Lal, Bal, Pal Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar  Bengal Kesari Ashutosh Mukherjee Tilak and Bipin  Bihar Kesari Dr. Srikrishna Singh  Chandra Pal  Andhra Kesari T. Prakasam  Bihar Vibhuti Dr. Anugrah Narayan Singh  Sher-e-Kashmir Sheikh Abdullah  Babuji Jagjeevan Ram  Bangabandhu SheikhMujibur Rahman  Napoleon of India Samudra Gupta  Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das  Shakespeare of India Mahakavi Kalidas  Deshbandhu C.F. Andrews  Machiavelli of India Chanakya  Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak  Akbar of Kashmir Jainul Abdin  Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan  Father of Gujarat Ravi Shankar Maharaj  Jana Nayak Karpuri Thakur  Grandfather of Indian Films Dhundiraj

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 51 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Govind Phalke GK Digest for SSC CGLKandaria v2 Mahadev Khajurao (MP) Chandela  Morning Star of India Renaissance Raja Kings RamMohan Roy  Madan Palace Jabalpur (MP) Raja Madan  King maker of Indian History Sayyed Bandhu Shah  Anna C.N. Annadurai  Mrignyani Palace Gwalior (MP) Raja Man  G.B.S. George Bernard Shaw Singh Tomar  Haryana Hurricane Kapil Dev  Dhar Fort Dhar (MP) Mohammad Bin  Little Master Sunil Gavaskar Tughlaq  Magician of Hockey Dhyanchand  Golconda Fort Hyderabad (AP) Qutubshahi  Deshpriya Yatindra Mohan Sengupta  Cochin Fort Kerala Portuguese  Kuvempu K.V. Puttappa  Vijay Stambh Chittorgarh (Raj) Rana  Little Corporal Napoleon Bonaparte Kumbha  Man of Destiny Napoleon Bonaparte  (Victory Tower)  Fuehrer Adolf Hitler  QutubMinar Delhi Qutub-ud-din Aibak  King Maker Earl of Warwick  Adhai Din Ka Jhopda Ajmer (Raj)  Uncle Ho Ho Chi Minh Qutub-ud-din Aibak  Bard of Avon William Shakespeare  Hauz Khas Delhi Alauddin Khilji  Li-Kwan Pearl Buck BankExamsToday.com Tughalakabad Delhi Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq  Father of English Poetry Geoffery Chaucer  Firoz Shah Kotla Delhi Firoz Shah Tughlaq  Grand Old Man of Britain Willium E.  Bundi Fort Bundi (Raj) Raja Nagar Singh Gladstone  Pichhola Lake Udaipur (Raj) –  Maiden Queen Queen Elizabeth I  Kakaria Lake Ahmedabad Sultan  Maid of Orleans Joan of Arc Qutub-ud-din  Man of Blood and Iron Otto Van Bismark  Jodhpur fort Jodhpur (Raj) Rao Jodha Ji  II Duce BenitoMussolini  Fateh Sagar Udaipur (Raj) Maharana Fateh  Desert Fox Gen. Ervin Rommel Singh  Quaid-i-Azam Md. Ali Jinnah  Deeg Palace Deeg (Raj) Raja Badan Singh  FAMOUS TOURIST SPOTS OF INDIA  Rani Ki Badi Bundi (Raj) Rani Nathvati  Site Location Founder  Chhatra Mahal Undi Fort Rani Chhatrasal  Kanheri Caves Mumbai Buddhists  Junagarh Bikaner (Raj) Raja Jay Singh  Elphanta Caves Mumbai Rashtrakutas  Jantar-Mantar Delhi and Jaipur Sawai Jay  Ajanta Caves Aurangabad Gupta Rulers Singh   Ellora Caves Aurangabad Buddhists Nahargarh Fort Jaipur(Raj) Sawai Jay Singh

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 52 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Bharatpur Fort Bharatpur (Raj) RajaGK Digest for SSC CGLPadari v2 Ki Haveli Patna (Bihar) Father Surajmal Singh Capuchin  Moti Masjid Delhi Fort Aurangzeb  FortWilliam Kolkata (WB) Lord Clive  Ummed Palace Jodhpur (Raj) Maharaja  Bibi Ka Maqbara Aurangabad Aurangzeb Ummed Singh  Safderjung Ka Maqbara Delhi  AramBagh Agra (UP) Babur Shuja-ud-daulah  Red Fort Delhi Shahjehan  BelurMath Kolkata (WB) Swami Vivekanand  Humayun’s Tomb Delhi Hameeda Bano  Anand Bhawan Allahabad (UP) Moti Lal Beghum (wife of Nehru  Humayun)  Laxman Jhula Rishikesh (Utt) –  Shalimar Bagh Srinagar (J&K) Jehangir  Shanti Niketan West Bengal Rabindranath  (Garden) Tagore  St. George Fort Chennai (TN) East India  Sabarmati Ashram Ahmedabad Mahatma Company Gandhi  Sher Shah’s Tomb Sasaram (Bihar) Son of  Prince of Wales Museum Mumbai GeorgeV Sher Shah  Gateway of India Mumbai British  Fatehpur Sikri Agra (UP) Akbar Government  Old Fort (Purana Quila) Delhi Sher Shah SuriBankExamsToday.com President House Delhi British Government  Akbar’s Tomb Sikandera (UP) Jehangir  Victoria Memorial Kolkata (WB) -  Chashma-Shahi Jammu & Kashmir Ali  Botanical Garden Shivpur (WB) - Mardan Khan  Sunset Point Mount Abu (Raj) -  Etamad-ud-daulah’s Tomb Agra (UP)  Char Minar Hyderabad (AP) Kuli Qutub Shah Noorjehan  Sun Temple Konark (Orissa) Narasingh Dev  Taj Mahal Agra (UP) Shahjehan I  Nishaat Bagh Jammu & Kashmir Asaf Ali  Jagannath Temple Puri (Orissa) Chola Gang  Sheesh Mahal Agra (UP) Shahjehan Dev  Khas Mahal Agra (UP) Shahjehan  Chenna Keshab Temple Belur Vishnu  Dewan-e-Khas Agra Fort (UP) Shahjehan Vardhan  Bada Imambada Lucknow (UP) Nawab  Laxman Temple Chhatarpur (MP) Chandela Asaf-Ud-Daulah Rulers  Chhota Imambada Lucknow (UP)  Dilwada Jain Temple Mount Abu (Raj) Vimal Mohammad Ali Shah Shah  Golghar Patna (Bihar) British Government  Vishnupad Temple Gaya (Bihar) Rani Ahilya Bai www.BankExamsToday.com Page 53 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Harmindar Sahib Patna (Bihar) MaharajaGK Digest for SSC CGLKremlin v2 Moscow Ranjit Singh  Leaning Tower Pisa (Italy)  Kali Temple Kolkata (WB) Rani Ras Moni  Louvre Paris  Laxmi Narayan Temple Delhi Birla Family  Merdeka Palace Jakarta  Khirki Masjid Delhi Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq  Oval London  Shershahi Masjid Patna (Bihar) Parvez Shah  Pentagon Washington  Mecca Masjid Hyderabad (AP) Kuli Kutub  Potala Nanking Shah  Pyramid Egypt  Patthar Ki Masjid Patna (Bihar) Parvez Shah  Red Square Moscow  Patthar Ki Masjid Jammu & Kashmir  Scotland Yard London Noorjehan  Shew-Dragon Pagoda Rangoon  Jama Masjid Agra (UP) Shahjehan  Sphinx Egypt  Moti Masjid Agra Fort (UP) Shahjehan  Statue of Liberty New York  Jama Masjid Delhi Shahjehan  Vatican Rome  Charar-e-Sarif Sri Nagar (J&K) Jainul Abedin  WailingWall Jerusalem  HajratbalMasjid Sri Nagar (J&K) -  Wall Street New York  Nakhuda Masjid Kolkata (WB) - BankExamsToday.com Westminster Abbey London  FAMOUS SITES of world  White Hall London  Site Location  White House Washington  Al-Aqusa Jerusalem WONDERS OF THE WORLD  Big Ben London  Brandenberg Gate Berlin Seven Wonders of the Ancient World  Broadway New York 1. Hanging Garden of Babylon  Brown House Berlin 2. Temple of Diana at Ephesus (Rome) 3. Statue of Jupiter at Olympia  Buckingham Palace London 4. Pyramids of Egypt  Colossium Rome 5. Mausoleum ofMausolus (Ruler of Halicarnasus)  Downing Street London 6. Light House of Alexandria  Eiffel Tower Paris 7. The colossus of Rhodes  Fleet Street London Seven Wonders of the Medieval World  Harley Street London 1. GreatWall of China  Hyde Park London 2. Porcelain Tower of Nanjing (China)  India House London 3. Colosseumof Rome (Italy)  Kaaba Mecca 4. Stonehenge of England

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 54 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 5. Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italy) GK Digest forRAMON SSC CGL MAGSAYSAY v2 AWARD 6. Catacombs of Alexandria Instituted in 1957 named after Ramon Magsaysay, 7. Mosque at St. Sophia (Constantinople) President of the Philippines, who died in an air Other Wonders of the World crash in 1957. He became world renowned figure in 1. The Sphinx, near Gizeh (Ghiza) in Egypt the 1950’s for his land reform programme to 2. The Catacombs at Rome defuse communist insurgency. The award is given 3. The Circus Maximus at Rome annually on August 31st, the birth anniversary of 4. The TajMahal at Agra (India) Magsaysay, for outstanding contributions to Public 5. Angkorvat Temple in Combodia Service, Community Leadership, Journalism, 6. The Alhambra at Granada in S. Spain Literature and Creative Arts and International 7. Shew Dragon Pagoda or the Golden Pagoda at Understanding. It is equivalent to the Nobel Prize in Yangon in Myanmar Asia. It may also be awarded to New Seven Wonders of the World organisations/institutions and non-Asians working (As declared on July 7, 2007 by New Seven for the benefit Wonders Foundation of Switzerland, at a grand of Asia. It carries a cash prize of $50,000. ceremony organised in ‘Stadia da Lutz, Benefica Stadium in Lisban (Portugal). GRAMMY AWARDS 1. The TajMahal, Agra, India BankExamsToday.comThe Grammy Foundation was established in 1989 to 2. The GreatWall of China, China cultivate an awareness, appreciation and 3. The Pink Ruins of Petra, Jordan advancement of the contribution of recorded music. 4. The Statue of Christ the Redeemer, Brazil American culture from the artistic and technical 5. Incan Ruins of Machu Pichu, Peru legends of the past to the still unimagined musical 6. The Ancient Mayan City of Chichen Itza, Mexico breakthroughs of the future generations of the 7. The Colosseum of Rome, Italy music professionals. The Grammy Foundation works in partnership with its founder, the Recording PULITZER PRIZE Academy, to bring national attention to important Instituted in 1970 and named after the US publisher issues such as the value and impact of music and Joseph Pulitzer (1847–1911). It is conferred arts education and the urgency of preserving rich annually in the United States for accomplishment in cultural legacy. journalism, literature and music under the management to the Pulitzer Prize Board at BHARAT RATNA Columbia University. Each winner receives a gold Bharat Ratna is the highest national award given for medal exceptional work for advancement of art, as well as a cash award of $10,000 (raised in 2003 literature and science or in recognition of public from $7,500). service of the highest order. www.BankExamsToday.com Page 55 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Recipients of Bharat Ratna GK Digest for SSC CGLSardar v2 Vallabhbhai Patel (1875–1950) 1991  Rajagopalachari (1878–1972) 1954  Morarji Ranchhodji Desai (1869–1995) 1991  Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975)  Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (1888–1958) 1954 (Posthumous) 1992  Dr. C.V. Raman (1888–1970) 1954  Jahangir Ratanji Dadabhai (J.R.D.) Tata  Dr. Bhagwan Das (1869–1958) 1955 (1904–1993) 1992  Dr. M. Visvesvaraya (1861–1962) 1955  Satyajit Ray (1922–1992) 1992  Jawaharlal Nehru (1889–1964) 1955  Aruna Asaf Ali (1909–1996 (Posthumous)  Govind Ballabh Pant (1887–1961) 1957 1997  Dr. Dhondo Keshav Karve (1858–1962)  Gulzari Lal Nanda (1898–1997) 1958 (Posthumous) 1997  Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy (1882–1962) 1961  Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam  Purushottam Das Tandon (1882–1962) 1961 (1931) 1997  Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1884–1963) 1962  Madurai Shanmukhavadivu Subbalakshmi  Dr. Zakir Hussan (1897–1969) 1963 (1916) 1998  Dr. Pandurang Vaman Kane (1880–1972)  ChidambaramSubramaniam (1910–2000) 1963 1998  Lal Bahadur Shastri (1904–1966) BankExamsToday.com Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan (Posthumous) 1966 (1902–1979) (Posthumous) 1999  Indira Gandhi (1917–1984) 1971  Professor Amartya Sen (1933) 1999  Varahagiri Venkatagiri (1884–1980) 1975  Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi (1890–1950)  Kumaraswami Kamraj (1903–1975) (Posthumous) 1999 (Posthumous) 1976  Pandit Ravi Shankar (1920) 1999  Mother Teresa (1910–1997) 1980  Lata Mangeshwar (1929) 2001  Acharya Vinobha Bhave (1895–1982) 1983  Ustad Bissmillah Khan (1916–2006) 2001  Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1890–1988) 1987  Pt. Bhimsen Joshi 2008  Marudu Gopalan Ramachandran  C.N.R. Rao (1934) Scientist 2014 (1917–1987) (Posthumous) 1988  Sachin Tendulkar (1973) Cricketer 2014  Dr. Bhim Rao Ramji Ambedkar (1891–1956) Feature: The decoration is the form of a Peepal leaf, (Posthumous) 1990 2 inch long, 1–1/8inch in width and 1/2 inch  Dr. Nelson Rolihlaha Mandela (1918) 1990 thick, toned in bronze. On the obverse side is  Rajiv Gandhi (1944-1991) (Posthumous) embossed a replica of the sun, below which the 1991 words ‘Bharat Ratna’ are embossed in Hindi. On the

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 56 India's Best Current Affairs Android App reverse are the State Emblem and a mottoGK in Hindi.Digest forThe SSC award CGL comprises v2 a Swarna Kamal, a cash prize The emblem, the sun and rim are made of platinum. of `1,00,000 and a shawl. Discontinuation of the Award: The award was The award was first given to Devika Rani in 1969, discontinued by the Janta Government (Prime who became the first lady recipient of the MinisterMorarji Desai on July 13, 1977, and those award. who received the award in the past were informed Prithviraj Kapoor was the first to be honoured that they would not be allowed to use it as a title). posthumously with the Dada Saheb Phalke Award. Revival of the Award: In January 1980 Prime List of Dada Saheb Phalke Awardees Minister Indira Gandhi decided to revive this award. Year Winner Occupation State After the revival, Mother Teresa was the first  1969 Devika Rani Actress Andhra Pradesh recipient.  1970 B.N. Sircar Producer West Bengal  1971 Prithiviraj Kapoor Actor (posthumous) PADMA AWARDS Punjab Padma Awards fall next in line after the Bharat  1972 PankajMullick Composer (Music Ratna as national awards. They were also Director) West Bengal discontinued in 1977 along with the Bharat Ratna  1973 RubyMyers (Sulochana) Actress and revived again in 1980. There are three Padma Maharashtra awards, viz., BankExamsToday.com 1974 B.N. Reddy Director Andhra Pradesh (i) Padma Vibhushan is the second highest national  1975 Dhirendranath Ganguly Actor, Director award, given for exceptional and West Bengal distinguished service in any field including services  1976 Kanan Devi Actress West Bengal rendered by government employees.  1977 Nitin Bose Cinematographer, Director, (ii) Padma Bhushan is the third highest national WriterWest Bengal, award given for distinguished service in any Maharashtra field.  1978 Rai Chand Boral Composer, Director (iii) Padma Shri is the fourth highest award given for West Bengal distinguished service in any field.  1979 SohrabModi Actor, Director, Producer DADA SAHEB PHALKE AWARD Maharashtra Instituted in 1970, the Dada Saheb Phalke Award is  1980 P. Jairaj Actor, Director awarded by the Government of India for  1981 Naushad Ali Composer (Music outstanding contribution to the cause of cinema. The Director) award is named after Dhundiraj Govind  1982 L.V. Prasad Actor, Director, Producer Phalke, the father of Indian cinema, who made Andhra Pradesh India’s first feature film Raja Harischandra in 1913.  1983 Durga Khote Actress Maharashtra

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 57 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  1984 Satyajit Ray Director West BengalGK Digest for SSC CGL2007 Mannav2 Dey Singer Kolkata  1985 V. Shantaram Actor, Director, Producer  2008 Y.K. Murthu Cinematographer Maharashtra  2009 D. Ramanaidu Actor, Producer Andhra  1986 B. Nagi Reddy Producer Andhra Pradesh Pradesh  2010 K. Balachander Director Tamilnadu  1987 Raj Kapoor Actor, Director  2011 Soumitra Chatterjee Actor West Bengal  1988 Ashok Kumar Actor West Bengal,  2012 Pran Actor 2013 Gulzar Poet, Lyricist  Maharashtra and Film Director  1989 Lata Mangeshkar Singer Maharashtra RAJIV GANDHI KHEL RATNA AWARD  1990 A. Nageswara Rao Actor Andhra It was launched in the year 1991-92 with the Pradesh objective of honouring sports persons to enhance  1991 Bhalji Pendharkar Director, Producer, their Writer Maharashtra dignity and place of honour in society. Under this, an  1992 Bhupen Hazarika Composer (Music amount of ` 5 lakhs is given as award for the Director) Assam most spectacular and outstanding performance in  1993 Majrooh Sultanpuri Lyricist the field of sports by an individual sports person  1994 Dilip Kumar Actor or a team.  1995 Dr. Rajkumar Actor Karnataka BankExamsToday.com  1996 Sivaji Ganesan Actor Tamil Nadu SAHITYA AKADEMI AWARD

 1997 Pradeep Lyricist It is awarded for outstanding literary works and  1998 B.R. Chopra Director, Producer comprises a cash prize of ` 50,000 in each of the  1999 Hrishikesh Mukherjee Director, 22 languages that it supports, and a copper plaque. Maharashtra West Bengal, JNANPITH AWARD  2000 Asha Bhosle Singer Maharashtra Field Literature  2001 Yash Chopra Director, Producer Instituted in : 1965 Punjab Cash Value : ` 5 lakh, a citation and a Vagdevi statue  2002 Dev Ananad Actor, Director, Producer Awarded to outstanding authors of creative literature Punjab in any of the Indian languages recognised  2003 Mrinal Sen Director West Bengal by the Constitution of India. It was sponsored by the  2004 Adoor Gopalakrishnan Director Kerala Bharatiya Jnanpith a culturo-literary society,  2005 Shyam Benegal Director Andhra founded in 1944 by Shanti Prasad Jain, an eminent Pradesh industrialist.  2006 Tapan Sinha Director Kolkata  First recipient : G. Sankara Kurup (Kerala)

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 58 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  First women recipient : AshapoornaGK Devi Digest for SSC CGLMarathi v2 (Calcutta)  1975 P.V. Akilandam Chittrappavai Tamil The earlier winners of Jnanpith Award created by  1976 Asha Purna Devi Pratham Pratisruti Shanti Prasad Jain and Rama Jain in 1963 for Bengali promoting outstanding literary works in regional  1977 K. Shivaram Karanth Mookajjiya languages, include Mahadevi Verma, Firaq Kanasugalu Kannada Gorakhpuri, Girish Karnad, Amrita Pritam, U.R.  2014 Jitendra Actor Ananthamurthy and Quarratulain Hyder. So far  (Mookajji’s dreams) there have been 39 recipients of this award.  1978 Sachchidananda Hirananda Kitni Navan Men Kitni Bar LIST OF JNANPITH AWARDEES  Vatsyayan (How many times in many boats?) Year Name Works Language Hindi  1965 G. Sankara Kurup Odakkuzhal (flute)  1979 Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya Malayalam Mrityunjay (Immortal) Assamese  1966 Tarashankar Bandopadhyaya  1980 S.K. Pottekkatt Oru Desattinte Katha Ganadevta Bengali Malayalam  1967 Dr. K.V. Puttappa Sri Ramayana  (Story of a land) Darshanam Kannada BankExamsToday.com 1981 Amrita Pritam Kagaj te Canvas Punjabi  (Glimpses of Ramayana)  1982 Mahadevi Verma Yama Hindi  1967 Umashankar Joshi Nishitha Gujarati  1983 Maasti Venkatesh Ayengar  1968 Sumitranandan Pant Chidambara Chikkaveera Rajendra Kanada Hindi  (Life and Struggle of Kodava  1969 Firaq Gorakhpuri Gul-e-Naghma Urudu  King Chikkaveera Rajendra)  1970 Viswanatha Satyanarayana Ramayana  1984 Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai Malayalam Kalpavrikshamu Telugu  1985 Pannalal Patel Gujarati  (A resourceful tree: Ramayana)  1986 Sachindanand Rout Roy Oriya  1971 Bishnu Dey Smriti Satta Bhavishyat  1987 Vishnu Vaman Shirwadkar Bengali (“Natsamrat”) Marathi  1972 Ramdhari Singh Dinkar Urvashi Hindi  (Kusumagraj)  1973 Dattatreya Ramachandra Bendre  1988 Dr. C. Narayana Reddy Vishwambhara Nakutanti (Four Telugu  Strings) Kannada  1989 Quarratulain Hyder Akhire Shab Ke  1973 Gopinath Mohanty Mattimatal Oriya Humsafar Urdu  1974 Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar Yayati

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 59 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  1990 V.K. Gokak Bharatha SindhuGK Rashmi Digest for SSC CGL2009 Amv2ar Kent & Shrilal Shukla Hindi Kannada  2010 Chandrashekhara Kambara For his  1991 Subhas Mukhopadhyay Padati Bengali contributions to Kanata literature Kanada  1992 Naresh Mehta Hindi  2011 Pratibha ray For his contribution to  1993 Sitakant Mahapatra For outstanding Telugu literature Oriya contribution to the Oriya  2012 Ravuri Bharadhwaja For his  Environment of Indian literature 1973–92 contribution to Telugu literature Telugu  1994 U.R. Ananthamurthy Kannada Books By Indian Authors  1995 M.T. Vasudevan Nair Malayalam Book Name Author  1996 Mahasweta Devi Bengali  A MillionMutinies Now V.S. Naipaul  1997 Ali Sardar Jafri Urdu  A Bend in the River V.S. Naipaul  1998 Girish Karnad Tuglaq Kannada  A Brush with Life Satish Gujral  1999 Nirmal Verma Hindi  A Passage to England Nirad C. Choudhury  1999 Gurdial Singh Punjabi  A House for Mr. Biswas V.S. Naipaul  2000 Indira Goswami Assamese  A Prisoner’s Scrapbook L.K. Advani  2001 Rajendra Keshavlal Shah Gujarati  A River Sutra Gita Mehta  2002 D. Jayakanthan Tamil  A Call to Honour Jaswant Singh  2003 Vinda Karandikar Subuk Soda, KalamiBankExamsToday.com  A Sense of Time H.S. Vatsyayan Rahi and Siyah Marathi  A Strange and Sublime Address Amit  Rode Jaren Man Chaudhary  2004 Rahman Rahi Literary work in Kashmiri  A Bunch of Old Letter Jawaharlal Nehru language Kashmiri  A Suitable Boy Vikram Seth  2005 Kunwar Narain For his contribution to  Hindi literatureHindi A Village by the Sea Anita Desai   2006 Satyavrat Shastri For his contribution Agni Veena Kazi Nazrul Islam  to Sanskrit Sanskrit A Voice for Freedom Nayantara Sehgal   literature Afternoon Raag Amit Chaudhari   2006 Ravindra Kelekar For his contribution Ain-i-Akbari Abdul Fazal to Konkani Konkani  Ageless Body, TimelessMind Deepak  literature Chopra   2007 O. N. V. Kurup Malaylam AK Barnama Abdul Fazal   2008 AkhlaqMohammed Khan Shahryar Amar Kosh Amar Singh Urdu  An Autobiography Jawaharlal Nehru  All the Prime Minister’sMen Janardhan www.BankExamsToday.com Page 60 India's Best Current Affairs Android App Thakur GK Digest for SSC CGLCoolie v2 Mulk Raj Anand  An Equal Music Vikram Seth  Court Dancer Rabindranath Tagore  Arthashastra Kantilya  CrescentMoon Rabindranath Tagore  An Idealist View of Life Dr. S. Radhakrishnan  Days ofMy Years H.P. Nanda  Anandmath Bankim Chandra Chatterjee  Death of a City Amrita Pritam  An Autobiography Jawaharlal Nehru  Devdas Sharat Chandra Chatterjee  Autobiography of an Unknown India Nirad C.  Discovery of India Jawaharlal Nehru Choudhury  Distant Drums Manohar Malgonkar  Bandicoot Run Manohar Malgonkar  Divine Life Swami Sivananda  Beginning of the Beginning Bhagwan Shri  Durgesh Nandini Bankim Chandra Rajneesh Chatterjee  BeyondModernisation, Beyond Self Sisir  Dynamics of Social Change Chandra Kumar Ghose Shekhar  Bhagvad Gita S. Radhakrishnan  Eight Lives Rajmohan Gandhi  Border and Boundaries; women  English August Upamanyu Chatterjee  in India’s Partition Ritu Menon & Kamla  Essays on Gita Sri Aurobindo Ghosh Bhasin  Eternal Himalayas Major H.P.S. Ahluwalia  Bharat Bharati Maithili Saran Gupt BankExamsToday.com Faces of Everest Major H.P.S. Ahluwalia  Breaking the Silence Anees Jung  Foreign Policy of India I.K. Gujral  Bride and the Sahib and the Other Stories  Forty-Nine Days Amrita Pritam Khushwant Singh  From Rajpath to Lokpath Vijaya Raje  BrokenWings Sarojini Naidu Schindhia  Bubble Mulk Raj Anand  Ganadevata Tara Shankar Bandopadhyaya  The Bread, Beanty and Revolution Khwaja  Gardener Rabindra Nath TAgore Ahmad Abbas  GhasiramKotwal Vijay Tendulkar  By God’s Decree Kapil Dev  Gitanjali Rabindranath Tagore  Chemmeen Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai  Gita Rahasya Bal Gangadhar Tilak  Chitra Rabindranath Tagore  Glimpses ofWorld History Jawaharlal Nehru  Circle of Reason Amitav Ghosh  Godan Prem Chand  Circle of Sileance Preeti Singh  Geet Govinda Jayadeva  Clear Light of Day Anita Desai  Golden Threshold Sarojini Naidu  Confessions of a Lover Mulk Raj Anand  Guide R.K. Narayan  Conquest of Self Mahatma Gandhi  Harsha Charita Bana Bhatta

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www.BankExamsToday.com Page 64 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  The Morbid Age: Britain Between theGK Wars Digest for SSC CGLRamasamy v2 Richard Overy Allen Lane  The Three Trillion DollarWar: The True Cost  The Crisis of Islamic Civilization Ali A. Allawi of  Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries  the Iraq Conflict Joseph Stiglitz and Linda  of the Pillage of a Continent Eduardo  J. Bilms Galeano  Arjun Singh–Ek Sahayatri Itihas Ka Ram  If Cricket is a Religion, Sachin is Guide Vijay Sharan Joshi Santhanam & Shyam  Politics of Inclusion–Caste, Zoya Hasan  Balasubramanium  Minorities and Affirmative Action  The Ultimate Gift Jim Stovall  Bold Endeavors–How Our Government Built  The Miracle of Democracy: India’s Amazing America, Journey T.S. 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Singh Edip’s  Coastal Histories of Society and Ecology in  Encounter with Gandhi’s India Mushirul Yogesh Sharma Hasan  Pre-Modern India  The Making of African America: Ira Berlin  The Girmitiya Saga Girraj Kishore  The Four GreatMigrations  Sabatharapadam (The Milky Way of Sound)  A Compendiumof Kisses Lana Citron, An autobiography of Resul www.BankExamsToday.com Page 66 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Pookutty written in Malayalam GK Digest for SSC CGLThreate v2  Losing Control: The Emerging Threats to  theWorld Economy Raghuram Rajan Stephen King, (Yale  The Beijing Consensus: How China’s  Western Prosperity University Press) Authoritarian  Anklets at Sunset Ministhy Dileep  Model will Dominate the Twenty-first Century  Paradise Beneath Her Feet: HowWomen are Stefan Halper  Transforming the Middle East Isobel  The Party:The SecretWorld of China’s Coleman Communist Rulers RichardMcGregor  Orientalism, Empire and National Culture,  Securing the State David Omand Columbia Michael S. 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Philippe Legrain,  January 15 :Army Day.  After the Crisis Littee Brown  January 23: Netaji Subhash Chandra bose  Fault Lives: How Hidden Fractures Still www.BankExamsToday.com Page 67 India's Best Current Affairs Android App birthday GK Digest for SSC CGLMarch v2 15 :World Disabled Day  January 24 : Girl Child Day  March 15 : World consumer right day.  January 25 : Voters Day .  March 20 : World day of theatre for children  January 26 : International Customs day. / and young people./ Foresty Day India's Republic Day  March 20 : International day for  January 28 : Lala lajpat rai birthday Francophonie  January 28 : Data protection day  March 20 : World Sleep day  January 30 : Martyrs' Day  March 21 : World Forestry Day.  January 30 : World leprosy eradication day  March 21 :International Day for the February: Elimination of Racial Discrimination.  February 04 : World Cancer day / Srilanka  March 22 : World water day INDEPENDANCE Day  March 23 :World Meteorological Day.  February 06 : International day against  March 24 : World T.B. day female genital mutilation  March 24 : International day for achievers  February 12 : Darwin day  March 25 : International day of  February 12 : World day of the sick. remembrance-victims of slavery and  February 13 : Sarojini Naydu's birthday transatlantic slave trade  February 14 : Valentine’s day BankExamsToday.com March 27 : World Drama day / WHISKY DAY  February 20 : World day of social justice April:  February 21 : International mother language  April 2 : World autism day day  April 5 : National Maritime Day.  February 22 : World scout day / Thinking  April 7 :World Health Day. Day  April 17 : World haemophilia day  February 23 : World peace and  April 18 :World Heritage Day. understanding day  April 22 :Earth Day.  February 24 : Central Excise Day.  April 23 : World book and copyright day  February 28 : National Science Day.  April 25 : World Malaria day  April 29 : International Dance day March:  March 4 : World day of fight against sexual May exploitation, National Security day.  May 1 : International Labour Day (Workers  March 8 : International Women's Day Day)  March 13 : World kidney day  May 3 :Press Freedom Day.

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 68 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  May 4 : Coal miner’s day GK Digest for SSC CGLJune 26v2 : International day against Drug  May (1st Sunday) : Laughter Day abuse & Illicit Trafficking.  May (2nd Sunday) : Mother's Day  June 27 : World Diabetes Day.  May 8 :World Red Cross Day.  June 29 : STATISTICS DAY .  May 9 : Victory day July:  May 11 : National Technology Day.  July 1 : National Doctor’s day.  May 12 : International Nurses day  July 6 :World Zoonosis Day.  May 14 : World Migratory day  July 11 : World Population Day.  May 15 : International Day of the Family.  July 12 : World Malala day  May 17 :World Telecommunication Day  July 18 : Nelson Mendela International day (Information society day)  July 28 : World Nature conservation day /  May 21 : Anti-terrorism day Hepateties Day  May 24 :Commonwealth Day. August:  May 28 : HUNGER DAY  August 2 : International Friendship Day.  May 31 :Anti-Tobacco Day. / NO SMOKING  August 3 : Independence day of Niger DAY  August 5 : Independence day of upper volta June:  August 6 :Hiroshima Day  June 4 :International Day of Innocent BankExamsToday.com August 9 : International day of World’s Children Victims of Aggression. indigenous people  June 5 : World Environment Day.  August 9 :Quit India Day and Nagasaki Day.  June 7 : International level crossing  August 12 : International Youth day awareness day  August 15 : Independence Day of India  June 8 : World ocean day  August 20 : SADHBHABNA DAY  June 12 : World day against child labour  August 23 : International day for the  June(2nd Sunday) : Father’s Day. remembrance of the slave trade and its  June 14 : World blood donor day abolition  June 17 : World day to combat  August 29 : National Sports Day. desertification and drought September:  June 20 : World Refugee day.  September 5 : Teachers' Day (Dr.  June 21 : Father's day, World Music day. / Radhakrishnan’s birthday) INTERNATIONAL YOGA DAY  September 5 : Forgiveness day  June 23 : United Nation’s public service day  September 8 :World Literacy Day.  June 23 : International Widow’s day  September 11 : FIRST AID DAY

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 69 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  September 14 : Hindi day, World firstGK aid Digest day for SSC CGLOctober v2 24 : UN Day, World development  September 16 :World Ozone Day. information Day. Engineer's day in India  October 30 :World Thrift Day.  September 21 :Alzheimer's Day,  October 31 : NATINAL UNITY DAY ( BIRTH International day of peace ANIVERSARY OF BALLABH BHAI PATEL )  September 25 : Social justice day  September 26 : Day of the Deaf. November:  September 27 : World Tourism Day.  November 1 : World vegan day  September 28 : World Rabies Day.  November 5 : World Radiography day.  September 29 : World Heart Day.  November 9 : World services day October:  November 11 : EDUCATION DAY  October 1 : International day of the Older  November 14 : Children's Day in India, person Jawaharlal Nehru birthday  October 2 : Mahatma Gandhi birthday,  November 16 : International day for International day of non-violence Endurance  October 3 :World Habitat Day, World nature  November 17 : World Student day, National day Journalism day  October 4 :World Animal Welfare Day. BankExamsToday.com November 18 : World Adult day.  October 5 : World Teacher’s day.  November 19 : World Citizen day. / WATER  October 8 : Indian Air Force Day. CONSERVATION DAY  October 9 : World Post Office day.  November 20 : Africa Industrialization Day,  October 10 : National Post Day. Universal children day.  October 11 : International girl child day  November 21 : World Television day, World  October 12 : World Arthritis day. Fisheries day.  October 13 :UN International Day for  November 25 : World Non-veg day. National disaster reduction.  November 26 : Law day  October 14 :World Standards Day.  November 29 : International Day of  October 15 : World White Cane Day( guiding Solidarity with Palestinian People. the Blind)  November 30 : Flag day.  October 16 : World Food Day. December:  October 17 : International day for the  December 1 : World Aids Day. eradication of poverty.  December 2 : World Computer literacy day,  October 20 : World statistics day International day of abolition of slavery  December 3 : International day of People www.BankExamsToday.com Page 70 India's Best Current Affairs Android App with disabilities, World conservationGK day Digest for SSC CGLWhite v2City - Udaipur (Rajastan)  December 4 : Navy Day.  City of Golden Temple - Amritsar (Punjab)  December 5 : International volunteer day for  Twin Cities - Hyderabad and economic and social development. Secundarabad(Andhra pradesh)  December 7 :Armed Forces Flag Day,  Pearl City - Tuticorin (Tamil Nadu) International civil aviation day.  Weavers city - Panipat (Haryana)  December 9 : The International day against  Temple City - Bhuvaneswar (Orissa) corruption.  Sandal Wood City - Mysore (Karnataka)  December 10 :Human Right Day.  City of Blood - Tezpur (Assam)  December 11 : International Mountain day. /  Orange City - Nagpur (Maharashtra) UNICEF DAY  City of seven Islands - Mumbai  December 14 : International Energy day. (Maharashtra)  December 18 : International Migrants day. FIRST IN WORLD MEN / WOMEN  December 19 : Goa’s liberation day.  December 20 : International Human 1 India's First Woman Railway Driver Surekha solidarity. Shankar Yadav  December 23 :Kisan Divas Farmer's Day. 2 India's First Woman Tabla Maestro Dr. Aban  December 24 : NATIONAL CONSUMER BankExamsToday.comMistry DAY . 3 India's First Recognized Billionth Citizen Astha 4 India's First Woman Airbus Pilot Durba Banerjee  December 29 : International Bio-diversity 5 First Woman Secretary General Of Rajya Sabha V. day S. Rama Devi 6 First Indian Woman To Win Magsasay Award Nick Names of some important Indian cities Kiran Bedi  Pink City - Jaipur (Rajastan) 7 First Indian Woman Cricketer To Get 100 Wickets  Garden City - Bangalore (Karnataka) Diana Eduljee  Diamond City - Surat (Gujarat) 8 First Indian Paratrooper Of Indian Air Force Nita  Egg city - Namakkal (Tamilnadu) Ghose 9 First Indian Woman To Complete Her MBBS  Lake City - Udaipur (Rajastan) Kadambini Ganguli Bose In 1888  Sun City - Jodhpur (Rajastan) 10 First Woman Cheif Engineer P. K. Tresia Nanguli  City of Palaces - Kolkata (West Bengal) 12 First Indian Woman At Antarctica Meher Moos In  Bangle City - Hyderabad (Andra Pradesh) 1976  Golden City - Jaisalmer(Rajastan) 13 First Woman Foriegn Minister Lakshmi N. Menon  City of Dawn - Auroville (Pondichery)

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 71 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 14 First Woman Commercial Pilot Prem MathurGK Digest Of for34 SSC First CGL Woman v2 Chairperson Of Rajya Sabha Violet Deccan Airways Alva In 1962 15 First Woman Sahitya Award Winner Amrita HEADS OF GOVT. APEX WING Pritam 16 First Woman President Of Indian Science 1. Chief Election Commissioner of India–Syed Congress Dr. Ashima Chatterjee Nasim Ahmad Zaidi 17 First Woman To Win WTA Tennis Tournament 2. Chairperson, National Human Rights Sania Mirza Commission–Justice Cyriac Joseph 18 First Chief Justice Of Mumbai High Court Justice 3. Chief Commissioner, Central Information Sujaata B Manohar Commission–Vijai Sharma 19 First Indian Woman Advocate Regina Guha 4. Chairman, National Commission for 20 First Indian Woman Barrister Cornotia Sorabji Minorities–Shri Naseem Ahmad 21 First Woman Surgeon Dr. Prema Mukherjee 5. Chairman, National Commission for SC–P. L. 22 First Woman To Get Arjun Award N. Lumsden Punia (1961) 6. Chairman, National Commission for 23 First Woman Chairman Of Bank Tarzani Vakil ST–Rameshwar Oraon 24 First Woman Chairperson Of National Woman 7. Chairperson, National Commission for Commission Mrs. Jayanti Patnayak BankExamsToday.comWomen–Lalitha Kumaramangalam 25 First Indian Woman To Receive Asiad Gold 8. Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission–Ratan Medal Kamalji Sandhu Kumar Sinha 26 First Woman Speaker Of State Assembly Mrs. 9. Chairman, ISRO–A S Kiran Kumar Shano Devi 10. Chairman, Union Public Service 27 First Actress In The Indian Cinema Devika Rani Commission–Deepak Gupta 28 First Woman Finger Prints Expert In India Sita 11. Chairman, National Knowledge Varthambal And Bhrangathambal Commission–Sam Pitroda 29 First Woman Doordarshan News Reader 12. Chairman, University Grants Commission–Ved Pratima Puri Prakash 30 First Indian Woman To Reach In Olympic Games 13. Chairman, Central Water Commission of Sini Abrahim India–Ashwin B. Pandya 31 First Indian Woman To Receive Norman Borlaug 14. Space Applications Center, Award Dr. Amrita Patel Administrator(Director)–Tapan Misra 32 First Indian Woman IAS Officer Anna George HEADS OF FINANCIAL BODIES 33 First Woman President Of Student's Union Anju 1. Governor of Reserve Bank of India–Raghuram Sachdeva of Delhi University Rajan

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 72 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 2. Chairman, 14th Finance Commission ofGK Digest for5. SSC Director CGL General, v2 Border Security Force–D K India–Y.Venugopal Reddy Pathak 3. Chairman, Securities and Exchange Board of 6. Director General, Central Reserve Police India (SEBI)–Upendra Kumar Sinha Force–Prakash Mishra 4. Chairman, Insurance Regulatory and 7. Director General, Central Industrial Security Development Authority of India–T. S. Vijayan Force–Surender Singh 5. Chairman, 7th Pay Commission–Ashok Kumar 8. Director-General of Military Intelligence–Lt. Gen Mathur K G Krishna 6. Chairman, SIDBI–Kshatrapati Shiaji 9. Director, Central Bureau of Investigation–Anil Kumar Sinha BUREAUCRATS 10. Director, Intelligence Bureau–Dineshwar 1. Cabinet Secretary of India–Pradeep Kumar Sinha Sharma 2. National Security Adviser–Ajit Kumar Doval 11. Director General, National Investigation 3. Secretary-General of the Rajya Agency–Sharad Kumar Sabha–Shumsher K. Sheriff 12. Secretary (Research)–Rajinder Khanna 4. Secretary-General of the Lok Sabha–Anoop 13. Member (Investigation CBDT)–Anita Kapur Mishra 14. Director General of ITBP–Krishna Chaudhary 5. Attorney General of India–Mukul Rohatgi BankExamsToday.com 6. Comptroller and Auditor General of India–Shashi CEO & MD OF BANKS Kant Sharma 1. State Bank of India–Smt Arundhati Bhattacharya 7. Solicitor General of India–Ranjit Kumar 2. Allahabad Bank–Rakesh Sethi 8. Principal Scientific Adviser–R. Chidambaram 3. Andhra Bank–C.V.R. Rajendran 9. Permanent Representative of India to the United 4. Bank of Baroda–P.S. Jayakumar Nations–Asoke Kumar Mukerji 5. Bank of India–M.O. Rego 10. Chairman, Railway Board–AK Mittal 6. Bank of Maharashtra–Sushil Muhnot 11. Foreign Secretary–Subrahmanyam Jaishankar 7. Bharatiya Mahila Bank–Vacant 12. Union Home Secretary–Rajiv Mehrishi 8. Canara Bank–Rakesh Sharma 13. Finance Secretary–Ratan P Watal 9. Central Bank of India–Rajeev Rishi 10. Corporation Bank–Sadhuram Bansal DEFENCE & SECURITY 11. Dena Bank–Ashwani Kumar 1. Chief of Army Staff–General Dalbir Singh Suhag 12. IDBI Bank Ltd–Kishore Piraji Kharat 2. Chief of Air Staff–Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha 13. Indian Bank–T. M. Bhasin 3. Chief of Naval Staff–Admiral Robin K Dhowan 14. Indian Overseas Bank–R Koteeswaram 4. Chief of Integrated Defence Staff–Air Marshal PP 15. Oriental Bank of Commerce–Animesh Chauhan Reddy 16. Punjab And Sind Bank–Jatinder Bir Singh www.BankExamsToday.com Page 73 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 17. Punjab National Bank–Usha GK Digest for SSC CGLPatiala v2 Ananthasubramanian  Eastern Railway - Largest zone 18. Syndicate Bank–Arun Shrivastava  Extream East station - 19. UCO Bank–Arun Kaul  Extream west station - 20. Union Bank of India–Arun Tiwari  Extream north station - 21. United Bank of India–P Srinivas  Extream south station - kanyakumari 22. Vijaya Bank–Kishore Kumar Sansi  A platform sorounded by railway lines from all the four side is - island platform PRIVATE SECTOR BANK HEAD -  Nationalisation of indian railway - 1950 23. Axis Bank–Smt. Shikha Sharma  Research , Design & standardOrganisation 24. Catholic Syrian Bank–Anand Krishnamurthy was established - Lucknow ,1957 25. City Union Bank–Dr. N. Kamakodi  Railway staff college - Vadodra 26. Development Credit Bank–Murali M. Natrajan  Governor general during railway line was 27. Dhanalakshmi Bank–G. Sreeram established - Lord Dalhousi 28. Federal Bank–Shyam Srinivasan  A station where the rail lines end - Terminal 29. HDFC Bank–Aditya Puri station 30. ICICI Bank–Smt Chanda Kochar  How much distance was travelled by 1st 31. IndusInd Bank–Romesh Sobti BankExamsToday.comtrain of India - 34Km , 1853 32. ING Vysya Bank–Uday Sareen  Position of IR in world - 4th 33. Jammu & Kashmir Bank–Mushtaq Ahmad  General Manager is Responcible for - 34. Karnataka Bank–Polali Jayarama Bhat Railway Board 35. Karur Vysya Bank–K. Venkataraman  Trainning of Electrical works - INDIAN 36. Kotak Mahindra Bank–Uday Kotak RAILWAY Institute of Electrical Engg. 37. Lakshmi Vilas Bank–Vacant  Inventor of railway engine - George 38. Nainital Bank–Vacant stephonson 39. Ratnakar Bank–Vishwavir Ahuja  IR Mechanical & Electrical Engg. Institute - 40. South Indian Bank–V.G. Mathew Jamalpur 41. Tamilnad Mercantile Bank–H.S. Upendra  Civil engineering institute - Pune Kamath  42. Yes Bank’s Ltd–Rana Kapoor Trainning institute of railway - 5  Position of IR under zonal s/m - 2 IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT RAILWAY  Narrow Gauge is used in Hill station areas  First underground railway metro started -  Hown many institution give suggestion for 1984 , kolkata railway technology - 2  Diseal comonent work is established in - www.BankExamsToday.com Page 74 India's Best Current Affairs Android App  Chittarangan stated manufacturingGK- Nov Digest forin SSC other CGL words, v2 if he can be removed from the work 1950 without affecting the productivity adversely, he will  Manufacturing of steam enginee in be treated as disguisedly unemployed. The Chittaranjan locomotive stopped - 1971 marginal productivity of such unemployed person is  Passenger Bogi manufactured - Perambur zero. Agriculture sector of  IR - Largest public sector is divided in how underdeveloped/developing economics posses this many regions - 9 type of unemployment at a large scale.  Places on wheel trains are inagurated in - 1982 4.Open unemployment: – When the labourers live  Jammu city appear on IR map - 1965 without any work and they don’t find any work to do, they come under the category of open Types of unemployment unemployment. Educate unemployment and 1. Structural Unemployment: - This type unskilled labour unemployment are included in the unemployment is associated with economic open unemployment. structure of the country. When demand for labour falls short to supply of labour due to rapidly growing 5. Educated unemployment:- Even when a person population and their immobility, the problem of who is educated/trained and skilled, fails to obtain a unemployment appears in the economy. Besides, BankExamsToday.comsuitable job suited to his qualifications, he is to be due to growing population, rate of capital formation educated unemployed. Presently this type of falls down which again limits the employment unemployment has become a problem for opportunities, this type of structural unemployment developing economies, particularly for India. is basically related to this category of unemployment. 6.Frictional unemployment: – The unemployment generated due to the change in market conditions is 2. Under-Employment :- Those labourers are called frictional unemployment. Agriculture is the under-employment who obtain work for but their main occupation in India. The supply condition still efficiency and capability are not utilized at their depends on weather’s mood and similarly demand optimum and as a result they contribute in the conditions depend on availability of resources. Any production upto a limited level. A country having this change arising either of any or both creates type of unemployment fails to exploit the efficiency adiversion from the equilibrium which results in of their labourers. frictional unemployment.

3. Disguised unemployment :- If a person does 7. Seasonal Unempioyment:- In parts of India not contribute any thing in the production process or cultivation is not done through out year, so farmers

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 75 India's Best Current Affairs Android App remain unemployed for a few months. SeasonalGK Digest forEquator SSC CGL is equivalent v2 to nearly - 111 km unemployment is also found in industrial centres 6. The earliest known Indian script is - Brahmi like, sugarcane industry, cold drinks, crackers 7. How many times the preamble was amended - 1 industry etc. In those industries people get 8. The term socialist was added in the Preamble by employed for special seasons only. the...amendment - 42ND 9. The state with the lowest population in India is - 8. Cyclic Unemployment:-When the demand SIKKIM decreases for certain categories of workers, there is 10. Which person or organisation received the cyclical unemployment in India; such type of Nobel Prize three times so far - International unemployment is found in cotton industries. Committee of the Redcross 11. The Finance Commission is appointed for 9. Chronic Unemployment:- If unemployment every..- 5 YEARS continues to be a long term feature of a country, it is 12. Under which five year plan did agriculture show called chronic unemployment. Rapid growth of a negative growth - 3RD PLAN population and inadequate level of economic 13. Who is the founder of the Capital city of Agra - development on account of vicious circle of poverty Sikinder Lodi are the main causes for chronic unemployment. 14. The first tide generated electricity project was BankExamsToday.comestablished at - Vizhinjam, Kerala Demand deficient unemployment – a fall in AD, 15. National Institute of Oceanography is located in : leads to a fall in economic output, therefore firms GOA (Panaji) employ less workers. This is sometimes referred to 17. Who headed the committee appointed on Kargil as ‘cyclical unemployment’ – the idea that War -K. Subramanyam unemployment rises and falls with changes in the 18. The C. K. Nayudu Trophy is related to the sport economic cycle. of -CRICKET 19. New York is situated on the river - Hudson MISSLENIOUS QUESTIONS - ANSWER FOR 20. "The Woman of the Millennium" selected by the RAILWAY & SSC British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is - Indira 1. Which of the following countries is a land locked Gandhi country in south America - Bolivia 21. The General Assembly of United Nations meets 2. Canary Islands belongs to - spain - Once a year 3. Titan is the largest natural satellite of planet - 23. All India Radio commenced operations in - 1936 saturn 24. The "Killer Instinct" is written by - O.P.Sabharwal 4. Which of the following planets rotates clock wise - 25. The Secretary-General of UN is appointed by Venus the - General Assembly 5. A difference of 1 degree in longitude at the www.BankExamsToday.com Page 76 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 26. Postal Voting is other wise called: proxyGK voting Digest forVeda SSC CGL v2 27. The Common Wealth of Independent states 12. Who is called the Akbar of Kashmir - (CIS) consists of....republica - 12 Janulabeddin 28. Which of the following harbours is considered as 13. The Border Road Organization comes under - the world's finest natural harbour - Sydney harbour Defense 29. Who invented Radar - Robert Watson Watt 16. Who was the first Indian to reach Antarctica - 30. Sandal Wood trees are mostly found in... G.S. Sirohi Trophical Thorn Forests 17. A saturated solution at S.T.P. is - Colorless 31. The first country to legalise medically assisted 18. The pure element in the following is - DIAMOND suicide is - Netherlands 19. What is Gypsum - Blue Vitrol 31. India's newsprint industry is mainly located in - 20. Bones of horses of Harappan civilization were Nepanagar found at - Surkotada 32. The tomb of Babur is at - Kabul 21. What is Ag. Mark - Test of purity in the 33. The joint session of the two houses is presided production of vegetable oil etc. by - the speaker 24. Which of the following gases is used to prepare 34. The Gandhara school of Art was influenced Ammonia gas - Nitrogen & Hydrogen most by the - Greeks 25. In which of the following states of India, per 35. The Simon Commission was appointed in - BankExamsToday.comcapita income is highest - Kerala 1929 26. By import of — the inflation has been caused in 36. Sikkim became a full fledged state of the Indian India - Petroleum Union, in the year -1975 31. Udham Singh shot at Sir Michael O’Dwyer in - 37. Who is the founder of Mahabalipuram ? London & udham singh charged for possessing Narsimha Varman unlicensed arms and ammunition 39. When was Burma separated from India - 1937 33. Udham Singh returned to India in 1928 mainly 40. Which of the following country has more than because he was - called by a revolutionary in India 55,000 lakes - Finland 52. In the production of tidal energy the maximum 6. The Aravalli hills are located in - RAJASTHAN potential exists at - Bhavnagar 7. A plant can be disease resistant due to - 53. The National Highway system is the PESTICIDES responsibility of - Central & State Gov. 8. Which of the following Chief Ministers served for 54. Supersonic jets cause pollution by thinning of - the longest tenure - JYOTI BOSU ozone layer 9. Which of the following straits separates Europe 55. Which one of the following is commonly called from Africa - GIBRALTER Edible sponge mushroom’ - Agaricus 11. The description of caste system is found in - Rig 58. Water is used in hot water bottles because: - it

www.BankExamsToday.com Page 77 India's Best Current Affairs Android App has high specific heat GK Digest forbomb SSC caseCGL- Aurobindov2 Ghosh 59. Mention the ray which appears to originate 16. The Sikh Guru Arjun Dev was assassinated outside the earth. - cosmic ray during the rule of - Jehangir 61. Oil rises up to wick in a lamp because - surface 17. In an organic compound, which element is tension phenomenon . generally present in addition to hydrogen - Carbon 68. All doubts and disputes in connection with 18. The process by which energy is generated In’ election of the Vice- President of India are decided the sun is the - fusion of Hydrogen by the - 19. What is the source of electric energy in an artificial satellite - solar cells Supreme Court of India 20. Ramanuja preached - Bhakti 1. When was Television separated from Akashvani 21. Who did not participate in the revolt of 1857 - (radio) as an independent organization- 1976 Bhagat Singh 2. When water condenses into ice - heat is released 22. On October 17, 1940, the individual Satyagraha 3. Which of the following inert gases is found in was inaugurated by - Acharya Vinoba Bhave atmosphere - Xenon , Argon , Helium 23. The biggest producer of fish in the world is - 4. Which of the following diffuses at the fastest rate - China Gas 24. In which state is Silent Valley located - Kerala 6. The United Nations imposed sanctions on?? BankExamsToday.com25. Who decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not recently due to nuclear issue. - North Korea - Speaker of Lok Sabha 7. The capital of Pandya dynasty was - Madurai 26. Solid carbon dioxide is called - dry ice 8. Tripitak a religious scripture of - Buddhism 27. When 1 kg of a liquid is converted from liquid to 9 Who is the writer of ‘Adhe—Adhure’ - Mohan vapour, the absorbed heat is called - latent heat of Rakesh vaporization. 10. By which Constitutional amendment, 29. Product Fair and Lovely is related to - P and G fundamental duties were incorporated in the Indian 33. The Cyclone represent a position of atmosphere Constitution - 42ND in which -Low pressure in the centre and high 11. The headquarters of Central Food Technology pressure around Research Institute is located in - Mysore 34. ‘Sea of Tranquility’ is the name given to - A 12. Which is common in Jainism and Buddhism DARK SPOT LOCATED IN NORTHERN both - Non-violence HEMISPHERE OF MOON 13. Light Year is used to measure - astronomical 35. Capital of Pallavas was - Kanchi distance 36. Onam is an important festival of - Kerala 14. Which of the following is used in the ripening of 37. How much does our body contain water by fruits - Ethylene mass - 70% 15. Which of the following was’ involved in Alipore www.BankExamsToday.com Page 78 India's Best Current Affairs Android App 38. What determines the sex of a child - GK Digest for SSC CGL v2 Chromosomes of the father 39. The two civilizations which helped in the formation of Gandhara School of Arts are - Indian and Roman 40. ‘Thinkpad’ is a laptop associated with which of the following companies - HP 41. The first summit of SAARC was held at - DHAKA 42. The wire of flash bulb is made of - Magnesium 43. The curves showing the volume temperature behaviour of gases plotted at different fixed pressures are called -isobars 79. Ellora caves of Maharashtra were built during the rule of - Rashtrakuta 80. The first split in Indian National Congress took place at - Surat 81. Gingerisa - transformed stem BankExamsToday.com 82. The famous Kalinga war was fought near - Udaygiri 83. Mig fighter plane manufacturing unit in Orissa is located at - Sunaveda

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