The Poetics of Estrangement in John Donne's Divine Poems and Sermons

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Poetics of Estrangement in John Donne's Divine Poems and Sermons Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) 2020 Holy Estrangement: The Poetics of Estrangement in John Donne's Divine Poems and Sermons Anton Bergstrom [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Bergstrom, Anton, "Holy Estrangement: The Poetics of Estrangement in John Donne's Divine Poems and Sermons" (2020). Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). 2250. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/2250 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HOLY ESTRANGEMENT: THE POETICS OF ESTRANGEMENT IN JOHN DONNE’S DIVINE POEMS AND SERMONS by Anton Erik Bergstrom Bachelor of Arts Honours, University of Saskatchewan, 2007 Master of Arts, Queen’s University, 2008 DISSERTATION Submitted to the Department of English and Film Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy in English and Film Studies Wilfrid Laurier University © Anton Erik Bergstrom 2020 i Abstract This dissertation examines literary estrangement, that is the act and effect of making the familiar strange in a literary work, in the religious poems and sermons of the poet-preacher John Donne (1572–1631). My study uncovers and explores what Donne “estranges,” how he achieves this, and for what purpose, as well as the practices and modes of thinking that shaped his poetics. In Donne’s religious verse and prose, making the familiar and traditional tropes, images, doctrines, and events of Christianity strange forms active readers and revitalizes those elements, imbuing them with newfound interest, significance, and affective power. My study offers a reassessment of Donne’s uniqueness as a poet and preacher, as well as of the nature of metaphysical poetry more generally, by emphasizing the strange features of Donne’s writings as the product of specific rhetorical “devices of estrangement.” Although the Russian Formalist Viktor Shklovsky’s concept of “defamiliarization” informs this project, my study breaks new ground by situating Donne’s poetics of estrangement in the literary-rhetorical theory of late Renaissance England. Donne’s writings reflect important features of a tradition advocating the uses and value of figurative strangeness, from Aristotle, Horace, and Augustine in antiquity, to Aquinas and Geoffrey of Vinsauf in the Middle Ages, to the rhetoricians and literary theorists of sixteenth-century England. New readings of George Puttenham’s The Art of English Poesy, Henry Peacham’s The Garden of Eloquence, and John Hoskins’ Directions for Speech and Style reveal the close connection between figurative language and estrangement. My study catalogues and analyzes a number of prominent rhetorical figures which these theorists recognized as producing, or which they indirectly associated with, the estrangement effect, and upon which Donne relied in his writings. The broader cultural “discourse of strangeness” as well as post-Reformation theology and religious culture also shaped Donne’s poetics. Close analysis of Donne’s religious works—including his emblematic poems, “The Cross” (Cross) and “Upon the Annunciation and Passion” (Annun); his long liturgical poem, “A ii Litany” (Lit); his Holy Sonnets, particularly “Spit in my face” (HSSpit), “Since she whom I loved” (HSShe), “Show me dear Christ” (HSShow), and “O to vex me” (HSVex);1 and his sermons, particularly his five on the Book of Job—reveals important features of Donne’s poetics. The estrangement effect plays a significant role in Donne’s rhetorical and devotional strategies. He frequently deploys multiple devices of estrangement in describing the central mysteries of Christianity—such as the Incarnation, Crucifixion, and Resurrection—in order to renew attention to the original strangeness of Christian doctrine. These devices also express important authorial and cultural desires, anxieties, and tensions, pointing to concerns about wit, invention, and originality as well as conformity to literary and biblical tradition and Church of England orthodoxy. Estrangement functions as both technique and theme in Donne’s writings: Donne uses devices of estrangement to articulate themes of divine strangeness as well as to convey fallen humankind’s estrangement from God, others, and self. The estrangement effect is also a means to produce “holy estrangement”: that is, the disruption of the reader’s or auditor’s worldly habits of thought in order to encourage reconciliation with God. My study reveals Donne’s religious poems and sermons to be some of the foremost expressions of the cultural trope of estrangement in early seventeenth-century English literature. iii Acknowledgements I would like to thank the members of my advisory committee for their years of effort and advice guiding this project to completion: to Anne Russell, my supervisor, for taking on my proposal and patiently helping me to form vague impressions into a rigorous research project; to Robin Waugh, for his many strategic comments encouraging me to think more systematically and to more clearly and carefully prove my claims; to Viviana Comensoli, who served eight years as a consummate editor, vigilant proofreader, and general authority on all things English Renaissance; and to Lynn Shakinovsky, who enthusiastically joined the project and diligently read the manuscript when urgency was required. I also thank my committee for helping me to defamiliarize my original thoughts about Donne and Shklovksy, urging me to historicize Donne’s poetics by digging into the rich mines of Renaissance rhetoric handbooks. I extend my appreciation to Jeanne Shami, for her rigorous questions, generous comments, and warm professionalism as the external examiner for my defence. My thanks to the faculty at Laurier, particularly Katherine Spring, Maria DiCenzo, Jing Jing Chang, and Eleanor Ty, for their revivifying encouragement at different stages in the long distance run of writing a dissertation. Thanks to Gwynn Dujardin for suggesting during my Master’s program at Queen’s that Bertolt Brecht’s “alienation effect” might illuminate Donne’s “shock tactic” in the Holy Sonnets, which marked the genesis of this project. And my appreciation to Brent Nelson, for sparking my passion for the strange, challenging, and fascinating literature of the seventeenth-century as an undergraduate at the University of Saskatchewan. This dissertation draws on research supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. My doctoral research was also supported in part by the Ontario Graduate Scholarships Program. I would like to thank my parents, Donald and Naomi, for their endless support in every way. To my mom, for always bolstering my confidence ever since I was a little boy. To my dad, iv for modelling what the hard work of being a professor looks like as well as the rewards of the contemplative life. I thank my older brother, Anders (who achieved his PhD before me) for always leading the way, and my younger brother, Aren, for helping me to keep one foot (or at least one toe) outside of academia, as a means to refresh and reorient. I thank my mother-in-law, Patti Woods, for boarding me several nights a week when I would drive in to Waterloo from Toronto in the early years of the program, and for watching the boys once a week this last year so I could finish revisions to the dissertation. Above all, I would like to thank my wife, Lauren, for her immense support and help and perseverance in the long-suffering of being a “dissertation widow” (as a good friend once termed it). And to my two boys, Erik and Ben, who were born and have grown up amid my study of Donne. You are always the best figures for revitalization—for reawakening me, amid the repetitions of academic research, to the wonders of the living world. v Table of Contents Abstract i Acknowledgments iii Introduction: Donne’s Poetics of Estrangement: Critical and Historical Contexts 1 Chapter 1: Strange Conveyances: English Renaissance Literary-Rhetorical Theory and 59 Donne’s Devices of Estrangement Chapter 2: “Strange harmony”: Devices of Estrangement in Donne’s Emblematic and 106 Liturgical Religious Poems Chapter 3: “His strange love still admire”: The Estrangement Effect in the Holy Sonnets 142 Chapter 4: “I am not alwayes I”: Estrangement as Technique and Theme in Donne’s 181 Sermons Notes 251 Appendix: List of Short Forms of Reference for Donne’s Poetic Works 294 Bibliography 296 1 Introduction: Donne’s Poetics of Estrangement: Critical and Historical Contexts Figurative speech is a novelty of language evidently (and yet not absurdly) estranged from the ordinary habit and manner of our daily talk and writing. George Puttenham, The Art of English Poesy Oft from new proofes, and new phrase, new doubts grow, As strange attire aliens the men wee know. John Donne, “To the Countess of Bedford [‘You have refined me’]” (BedfRef) This dissertation studies literary estrangement in the religious poems and sermons of the poet-preacher John Donne (1571/722–1631). By “estrangement” I mean specifically the action and effect of making the familiar strange in a literary work—but always with an eye on the ordinary relational meanings, indicating “separation, withdrawal, alienation in feeling or affection.”3 The Oxford
Recommended publications
  • The Elizabethan Diplomatic Service
    Quidditas Volume 9 Article 9 1988 The Elizabethan Diplomatic Service F. Jeffrey Platt Northern Arizona University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/rmmra Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Renaissance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Platt, F. Jeffrey (1988) "The Elizabethan Diplomatic Service," Quidditas: Vol. 9 , Article 9. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/rmmra/vol9/iss1/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Quidditas by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. JRMMRA 9 (1988) The Elizabethan Diplomatic Service by F. Jeffrey Platt Northern Arizona University The critical early years of Elizabeth's reign witnessed a watershed in European history. The 1559 Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis, which ended the long Hapsburg-Valois conflict, resulted in a sudden shift in the focus of international politics from Italy to the uncomfortable proximity of the Low Countries. The arrival there, 30 miles from England's coast, in 1567, of thousands of seasoned Spanish troops presented a military and commer­ cial threat the English queen could not ignore. Moreover, French control of Calais and their growing interest in supplanting the Spanish presence in the Netherlands represented an even greater menace to England's security. Combined with these ominous developments, the Queen's excommunica­ tion in May 1570 further strengthened the growing anti-English and anti­ Protestant sentiment of Counter-Reformation Europe. These circumstances, plus the significantly greater resources of France and Spain, defined England, at best, as a middleweight in a world dominated by two heavyweights.
    [Show full text]
  • English Travellers of the Renaissance
    FROM THE INCOME OF THE FISKE ENDOWMENT FUND THE BEQUEST OF Ivibrarian of the University 1868-1883 1905 ll.^1).SgM: 4jT0!t ^ff^-ttifnUip Cornell University Library DA 185.H84 English travellers of the renaissance. 3 1924 027 902 349 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924027902349 ENGLISH TRAVELLERS OF THE RENAISSANCE THE ADMIRABLE CRICHTON Fro7ii an. eJigi'aving by J. Hall after Moses Griffith Travelled in 1577, at the age of seventeen, and won the admiration of foreigners by his wit and swordsmanship ENGLISH TRAVELLERS OF THE RENAISSANCE BY CLARE HOWARD LONDON : JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD NEW YORK : JOHN LANE COMPANY TORONTO : BELL & COCKBURN MCMXIV At.&3g8H Tumbull &• Spears, Priniers, Edinburgh PREFACE THIS essay was written in 1908-19 lo while I was studying at Oxford as Fellow of the Society of American Women in London. Material on the subject of travel in any century is apparently inexhaustible, and one could write many books on the subject without duplicating sources. The following aims no further than to describe one phase of Renais- sance travel in clear and sharp outline, with sufficient illustration to embellish but not to clog the main ideas. In the preparation of this book I incurred many debts of gratitude. I would thank the staff of the Bodleian, especially Mr W. H. B. Somerset, for their kindness during the two years I was working in the library of Oxford University ; and Dr Perlbach, Abteilungsdirektor of the Konigliche Bibliothek at Berlin, who forwarded to me some helpful information concerning the early German books of instructions for travellers ; and Professor Clark S.
    [Show full text]
  • Poems of John Donne
    1/ THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA ENDOWED BY THE DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC SOCIETIES PR22U5 .A5 C5 1901, v. 2 UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 10001490423 This book is due at the LOUIS R. WILSON LIBRARY on the last date stamped under "Date Due." If not on hold it may be renewed by bringing it to the library. DATE DS. T DATE DUE RET DUE KL1 '1 fit o n tHGf ..1. _ r\ *C\ n \j n f 1 All -"\ a« »/*V JAN23 9! 1 1 7QQ2 ArK V) r POEMS OF JOHN DONNE. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/poemsofjohndonne02donn_0 POEMS .tf** C 6~ OF )*0 I JOHN DONNE^ E. K. CHAMBERS. WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY GEORGE S AINTSBURY. NEW EDITION. VOL. II. LONDON: NEW YORK: A. H. BTJLLEN, CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 18 Cecil Court, W.C. i53~7 Fifth Avenue. xgoj^ 1901. Richard Clay &,Sons, Limited, London & Bungay. CONTENTS OF VOL. II. PAGE Table of Contents ... vii Letters to Several Personages— To Mr. Christopher Brooke : The Storm I „ „ „ The Calm 4 To Sir Henry Wotton ... 7 To Sir Henry Goodyere 10 To Mr. Rowland Woodward .. ... 12 To Sir Henry Wotton 14 To the Countess of Bedford 15 To the Countess of Bedford 17 To Sir Edward Herbert. 20 To the Countess of Bedford 22 To the Countess of Bedford, on New Year's Day 26 To the Countess of Huntingdon ... ... 29 To M[r] Ifzaak] W[alton] ... 32 To M[r] T. W 33 To M[r] T.
    [Show full text]
  • Tstog of Or 6Ttr4* Anor of Ratigan
    Thank you for buying from Flatcapsandbonnets.com Click here to revisit THE • tstog of Or 6ttr4* anor of ratigan IN THE COUNTY OF LANCASTER. BY THE HONOURABLE AND REVEREND GEORGE T. 0. BRIDGEMAN, Rotor of Wigan, Honorary Canon of Liverpool, and Chaplain in Ordinary to the Queen. (AUTHOR OF "A HISTORY OF THE PRINCES OF SOUTH WALES," ETC.) PART II. PRINTEDwww.flatcapsandbonnets.com FOR THE CH 1.71'HAM SOCIETY. 1889. Thank you for buying from Flatcapsandbonnets.com Click here to revisit 'tam of die cpurcl) ant) manor of Etligatt. PART II. OHN BRIDGEMAN was admitted to the rectory of Wigan on the 21st of January, 1615-16. JHe was the eldest son of Mr. Thomas Bridgeman of Greenway, otherwise called Spyre Park, near Exeter, in the county of Devon, and grandson of Mr. Edward Bridgeman, sheriff of the city and county of Exeter for the year 1562-3.1 John Bridgeman was born at Exeter, in Cookrow Street, and christened at the church of St. Petrok's in that city, in the paro- chial register of which is the following entry : " the seconde of November, A.D. 1597, John Bridgman, the son of Thomas Bridgman, was baptized." '1 Bishop John Bridgeman is rightly described by Sir Peter Leycester as the son of Mr. Thomas Bridgeman of Greenway, though Ormerod, in his History of Cheshire, who takes Leycester's Historical Antiquities as the groundwork for his History, erro- neously calls him the son of Edward Bridgeman, and Ormerod's mistake has been repeated by his later editor (Helsby's ed.
    [Show full text]
  • William Blake
    .,, '•I I I• 1J I I 11~ -· II I It~ I "I 1 rj.. I 1'111 .., l:l111i1l II' I i!1 ".IU - I. I ' 'I l ~ ,11 I ~ ii ·1 ... u",,.11 '"·' I '" 111 lit TH E COMPLETE POET R Y AN D SELECTED PROSE OF John Dorine & TH E COMPLETE POET R Y OF William Blake )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) WITH AN INTRODU C TION BY Robert Silliman Hillyer ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))~~ THE MODERN LIBRARY NEW YORK Contents INTRODVCTION by Robert Silliman Hillyer THE COMPLETE POETRY AND SELECTED PROSE OF JOHN DONNE THE POEMS SONGS AND SONETS The Good-morrow 3 Song 3 Womans Constancy 4 The Undertaking S The Sunne rising 6 The Indifferent 6 Loves Usury 7 The Canonization 8 The Triple Foote 9 Lovers infiniteuesse Io Song II The Legacie I 2 A Feaver I3 Aire and Angells I3 Breake of Day 14 The Anniversarie IS A Valediction: of my name, in the window 16 T wicknam Garden 18 A Valediction: of the booke I9 Communitie 21 Loves Growth 21 Loves Exchange 22 Confined Love 23 The Drearne 24 A Valediction: of weeping 25 Loves Alchymie 26 The Flea 26 v CONTE NTS vii vi CON TENT S S4 The Curse 27 Raderus The Message 28 Mercurius Gallo-Beligicus S4 Ralphius SS A Nocturnall upon S. Lucies Day 29 The Lier SS Witchcraft by a Picture 30 The Baite 30 The Apparition 3I E LEGIES The Broken Heart 32 A Valediction: forbidding mourning 33 I. Jealosie s6 The Extasie 34 II. The Anagram S7 Loves Deitie 36 III. Change s8 Loves Diet 37 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • John Donne and the Countess of Bedford
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1976 John Donne and the Countess of Bedford Marcia Mascolini Brown Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Brown, Marcia Mascolini, "John Donne and the Countess of Bedford" (1976). Dissertations. 1572. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/1572 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1976 Marcia Mascolini Brown JOHN DONNE A...~D THE COUNTESS OF BEDFORD by Marcia Mascolini Brown A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of' Loyola University of Chicago in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy February 1976 VITA Marcia Mascolini Brow"'Tl is the daughter of the late Virgil G. Mascolini and Gertrude Garbus Mascolini. She was born January 15, 1944, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. Her elementary and secondary education was obtained in the public and parochial schools of Dallas, Edwardsville, and Williamsport, Pennsylvania. In September, 1961, she entered College Misericordia, Dallas, Pennsylvania, and in May, 1965, received the degree of Bachelor of Arts with a major in English. She was granted an N.D.E.A. doctoral fellowship and entered Loyola University of Chicago in September, 1965. She received an Arthur J.
    [Show full text]
  • Geneva, April–August 1593
    chapter 7 Geneva, April–August 1593 Thomson seems to have left Christmann’s house in Heidelberg in March 1593. We do not know when he arrived in Geneva, but he was certainly there by August. Henri Estienne, the great Greek scholar and Isaac Casaubon’s difficult father-in-law, was in Geneva during Thomson’s stay.1 Estienne had been absent from the city for eight or nine months when Casaubon wrote to Thomson in April 1594, a statement which allows us to deduce that Thomson had reached Geneva before August 1593.2 Thomson may have heard Casaubon speak pub- licly on the subject of the New World during this visit.3 In Geneva he knew the man who taught Casaubon Hebrew, Pierre Cheva- lier. Their acquaintance, however, cannot have extended beyond Thomson’s time in Geneva: he sent his regards to Chevalier in a letter of December 1593, and is informed of his death by Casaubon in April 1594.4 In his letter of April 1594, Casaubon also sends greetings from Jacques de Lect, a Genevan historian, lawyer and magistrate, and from Paul Estienne, the son of Casaubon’s father-in- 1 Casaubon married Estienne’s daughter Florence, but her father never allowed his son-in- law to enter his library: see Casaubon’s letter to Scaliger of 2 September 1598, in Botley and Van Miert, eds, Scaliger Correspondence, 2012, 3, p. 195; Pattison, Casaubon, 1892, pp. 30–32. Scaliger said: ‘H. Estienne ne voulut point voir sa fille femme de Casaubon. Il n’aymoit point son gendre’ (Scaliger, Secunda Scaligerana, 1740, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Firmness, Commodity, and Delight: Architecture in Special Collections
    1 FIRMNESS, COMMODITY, AND DELIGHT: ARCHITECTURE IN SPECIAL COLLECTIONS Writing near the end of the first century B.C.E., Roman architect Vitruvius Pollio identified three elements necessary for a well-designed building: firmitas, utilitas,and venustas. Firmness or physical strength secured the building’s structural integrity. Utility provided an efficient arrangement of spaces and mechanical systems to meet the functional needs of its occupants. And venustas, the aesthetic quality associated with the goddess Venus, imparted style, proportion, and visual beauty. Rendered memorably into English by Henry Wotton, a seventeenthcentury translator, “firmness, commodity, and delight” remain the essential components of all successful architectural design. Architecture has been a part of the Library’s holdings since 1891, when President William Rainey Harper purchased the complete stock of a Berlin book dealer for the University of Chicago. Among the treasures acquired for the Library with this collection were early editions of works on classical architecture, sculpture, and design, along with a 15th-century manuscript of Leon Battista Alberti’s influential architectural treatise, De re aedificatoria. Subsequent gifts, acquisitions, and archival transfers have brought added distinction and variety to the Library’s architecture collections: theoretical works and popular manuals, records of the University’s physical development, papers of urban planners, postcards and ephemera, photographs, and architectural drawings and blueprints. Based on the holdings of the Special Collections Research Center, the architectural selections displayed in this exhibition suggest the diversity of these resources and their rich potential for research across a broad range of topics in the arts of building and design. “Firmness, Commodity, and Delight” celebrates the opening of the new Special Collections Research Center Exhibition Gallery and the completion of the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library.
    [Show full text]
  • Time, Death, and Mutability : a Study of Themes in Some Poetry of The
    TIME, DEATH, and MUTABILITY: A Study of Themes in Some Poetry of the Renaissance - Spenser, Shakespeare, and Donne Jean Miriam Gerber B.A., Pennsylvania State University, 1961 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFUHE3T OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of English Jean Miriam Gerber, 1968 Simon Fraser University J~Y,1968 EXA XINIMG COK4ITTEX APPROVAL (name) Senior Supervisor \ ( name) Examining Cormittoe " - ( name ) Examining Conunittee PARTTAL COPYRIGIIT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis or dissertation (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Sttldies. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesis/~issertation: Author: (signature ) (name ) (date) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to thank Mr. Clark Cook for his many suggestions and close attention. Special thanks are also due to Mr. James Sandison who read this study in manuscript. Above all I wish to thank Dr. F. B. Candelaria, who supervised the thesis. ABSTRACT This study was undertaken in order to exanine some examples of Renaissance poe+zy in the light of the themes of love, death, time, and mutability.
    [Show full text]
  • William Wildash (Publisher) the History and Antiquities of Rochester, 2Nd Edition Rochester 1817
    William Wildash (publisher) The history and antiquities of Rochester, 2nd edition Rochester 1817 <i> THE HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES OF ROCHESTER AND ITS ENVIRONS: TO WHICH IS ADDED, A Description of the Towns, Villages, Gentlemen’s Seats, and Ancient Buildings, SITUATE ON, OR NEAR THE ROAD FROM LONDON TO MARGATE, DEAL, AND DOVER. SECOND EDITION, WITH CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS. EMBELLISHED WITH ENGRAVINGS. As the Knowledge of Ancient Things is pleasant, so is the Ignorance as shameful, and oftentimes exposes Men to the Scorn and Contempt of Strangers. PREFACE TO SOMNER’S ANTIQ. OF CANTERBURY. ROCHESTER: PRINTED AND SOLD BY W. WILDASH; SOLD ALSO BY LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, PATERNOSTER-ROW, LONDON; AND ALL BOOKSELLERS. 1817. <ii> <blank> <iii> ADVERTISEMENT TO THE FIRST EDITION, Published by Mr. T. Fisher in 1772. IN the ensuing work, very frequent are the references to the Registrum Roffense, a book published by John Thorpe, esq.; from the accurate MSS. of his father Dr. Thorpe, who was no less eminent for his knowledge of antiquities, than for his skill in physic: it would be ungrateful in the editor to omit acknowledging, how much labour and expence he has saved, by having an opportu= nity of examining in print, this curious and valuable collection of ancient deeds. He is likewise obliged to the reverend Mr. Aus= ten of Rochester, for some very useful and entertaining articles of information; and it is not without regret that he finds himself not at liberty to insert the names of several other ingenious and learned gentlemen, who have contributed their assistance; and especially of one, whose name would do honour to any publication; and by whose friendly communications, the editor has been enabled to give a clearer and more circumstantial account of some part of the ecclesiastical history of this city, and the neighbouring district, than he could otherwise have done.
    [Show full text]
  • John Evelyn As Modern Architect and Ancient Gardener: 'Lessons of Perpetual Practice'
    John Evelyn as modern architect and ancient gardener: 'lessons of perpetual practice' Book or Report Section Accepted Version Bullard, P. (2016) John Evelyn as modern architect and ancient gardener: 'lessons of perpetual practice'. In: Bullard, P. and Tadié, A. (eds.) Ancients and moderns in Europe: comparative perspectives. Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment. Voltaire Foundation. University of Oxford, Oxford, pp. 171-188. ISBN 9780729411776 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/65804/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . Publisher: Voltaire Foundation. University of Oxford All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online <rh.verso>Paddy Bullard</rh.verso> <rh.recto>9. John Evelyn as modern architect and ancient gardener</rh.recto> <ch.head>9. John Evelyn as modern architect and ancient gardener: ‘Lessons of perpetual practice’</ch.head> <svec.auth1><sc>Paddy Bullard</sc></svec.auth1> The arts of gardening and of building – frequently treated as a pair by early modern writers – play a minor but significant part in the Quarrel between the Ancients and Moderns: they are often there somewhere in the background of the dispute, furnishing analogies and colouring its figurative language. In a quarrel over modernisation and primitivism, this is no more than one would expect.
    [Show full text]
  • Jesse Sharpe Phd Thesis
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by St Andrews Research Repository ‘AND THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH’: THE PROBLEM OF THE INCARNATION IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DEVOTIONAL POETRY Jesse David Sharpe A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St. Andrews 2012 Full metadata for this item is available in Research@StAndrews:FullText at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3185 This item is protected by original copyright This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License 'AND THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH': THE PROBLEM OF THE INCARNATION IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DEVOTIONAL POETRY Jesse David Sharpe A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of St Andrews School of English 22 May 2012 i ABSTRACT In using the doctrine of the Incarnation as a lens to approach the devotional poetry of seventeenth-century Britain, ‘“And the Word was made flesh”: The Problem of the Incarnation in Seventeenth-Century Devotional Poetry’ finds this central doctrine of Christianity to be a destabilising force in the religious controversies of the day. The fact that Roman Catholics, the Church of England, and Puritans all hold to the same belief in the Incarnation means that there is a central point of orthodoxy which allows poets from differing sects of Christianity to write devotional verse that is equally relevant for all churches. This creates a situation in which the more the writer focuses on the incarnate Jesus, the less ecclesiastically distinct their writings become and the more aware the reader is of how difficult it is to categorise poets by the sects of the day.
    [Show full text]