Time, Death, and Mutability : a Study of Themes in Some Poetry of The
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" Fearful Meditations " : Pondering Posterity in Shakespeare K Sonnets
" Fearful Meditations " : Pondering Posterity in Shakespeare k Sonnets Brian Chalk Brandeis University ln Seven Types of Ambigutl).', William Empson calls aftention to the way in which reading Shakespeare's Sonnet 73, with the destruction of England's pre-Refor- mation monuments in mind, enhances our ability to experience the pathos the poem generates. As a result of the work of mid sixteenth-century iconoclasts, Empson ob- serves, the lrees without leaves, or "tbe bare mined choirs where late the sweet birds sang" of the opening quahain appeared to passersby as ruined monasterles. While the line is "still good" if the reader neglects to consider the allusion, he continues. "the effect ofthe poetry is heightened" ifwe'think back to its historical setting." Indeed, applying Empson's insight to earlier sonnets in the sequence reveals that many of them bring us into even closer contact with England's iconoclastic past. Sonnet 64, for ex- ample, provides a more direct portrait of the shaping power the sight ofdeshoyed reli- gious structures had on those subjects confronted by them. Shakespeare's speaker has seen the "lofty towers" and "brass etemal" built by prior generations decayed by time and subjected to "mortal rage," and the experience has left him skeptical that manmade achievements are capable of w'ithstanding the test of time (3-4): Ruin hath taught me thus to ruminate. That time will come and take my love away. This thought is as a death, which cannot choose But weep to have that which it fears to lose. ( I I -l4i lnstead of resloring the speaker's faith in the ability of memory to survive beyond death, the sight of the "ruin" or '?uins" surrounding him have "taught" him to con- clude that the desire to immortalize love only ensures its temporality. -
Death, Be Not Proud POEM TEXT THEMES
Get hundreds more LitCharts at www.litcharts.com Death, be not proud POEM TEXT THEMES 1 Death, be not proud, though some have called thee THE POWERLESSNESS OF DEATH 2 Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so; In this sonnet, often referred to by its first line or as 3 For those whom thou think'st thou dost overthrow “Holy Sonnet 10,” the speaker directly addresses 4 Die not, poor Death, nor yet canst thou kill me. death, seeking to divest it of its powers and emphasize that 5 From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be, man, though fated to die, is more powerful than death itself. The poem paints a picture of death as prideful—vain, even—and 6 Much pleasure; then from thee much more must flow, works to deflate death’s importance by arguing firstly that 7 And soonest our best men with thee do go, death is nothing more than a rest, and secondly that following 8 Rest of their bones, and soul's delivery. this rest comes the afterlife, which contradicts death’s aim of 9 Thou art slave to fate, chance, kings, and desperate bringing about a final end. With death’s powerlessness proven men, by the end of the poem, it is death itself, not man, who is going 10 And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell, to die. 11 And poppy or charms can make us sleep as well The speaker clearly argues against death being treated as 12 And better than thy stroke; why swell'st thou then? something strong and important. -
John Donne 1 John Donne
John Donne 1 John Donne John Donne John Donne Born between 24 January and 19 June [1] 1572 London, England Died 31 March 1631 (aged 59) London, England Occupation Poet, priest, lawyer Nationality English Alma mater Oxford University Genres Satire, Love poetry, elegy, sermons Subjects Love, sexuality, religion, death Literary movement Metaphysical Poetry John Donne (/ˈdʌn/ DUN) (between 24 January and 19 June 1572[1] – 31 March 1631) was an English poet, satirist, lawyer and a cleric in the Church of England. He is considered the pre-eminent representative of the metaphysical poets. His works are noted for their strong, sensual style and include sonnets, love poetry, religious poems, Latin translations, epigrams, elegies, songs, satires and sermons. His poetry is noted for its vibrancy of language and inventiveness of metaphor, especially compared to that of his contemporaries. Donne's style is characterised by abrupt openings and various paradoxes, ironies and dislocations. These features, along with his frequent dramatic or everyday speech rhythms, his tense syntax and his tough eloquence, were both a reaction against the smoothness of conventional Elizabethan poetry and an adaptation into English of European baroque and mannerist techniques. His early career was marked by poetry that bore immense knowledge of British society and he met that knowledge with sharp criticism. Another important theme in Donne’s poetry is the idea of true religion, something that he spent much time considering and theorising about. He wrote secular poems as well as erotic and love poems. He is particularly famous for his mastery of metaphysical conceits.[2] Despite his great education and poetic talents, Donne lived in poverty for several years, relying heavily on wealthy friends. -
Anatomy of Criticism, Four Essays
ANATOMY OF CRITICISM Four Essays Anatomy or Criticism FOUR ESSAYS ty NORTHROP FRYE PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS Copyright 1957, by Princeton University Press All Rights Reserved L.C. Card No. 56-8380 ISBN 0-691-01298-9 (paperback edn.) ISBN 0-691-06004-5 (hardcover edn.) Publication of this book has been aided by a grant from the Council of the Humanities, Princeton University, and the Class of 1932 Lectureship. First PRINCETON PAPERBACK Edition, 1971 Third printing, 1973 Tli is book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise disposed of without the pub lisher's consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. Printed in the United States of America by Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey HELENAE UXORI PREFATORY STATEMENTS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS THIS book forced itself on me while I was trying to write some thing else, and it probably still bears the marks of the reluctance with which a great part of it was composed. After completing a of William Blake study (Fearful Symmetry, 1947), I determined to the of apply principles literary symbolism and Biblical typology which I had learned from Blake to another poet, preferably one who had taken these principles from the critical theories of his own day, instead of working them out by himself as Blake did. I therefore a began study of Spenser's Faerie Queene, only to dis cover that in my beginning was my end. The introduction to an Spenser became introduction to the theory of allegory, and that theory obstinately adhered to a much larger theoretical structure. -
Poems of John Donne
1/ THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA ENDOWED BY THE DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC SOCIETIES PR22U5 .A5 C5 1901, v. 2 UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 10001490423 This book is due at the LOUIS R. WILSON LIBRARY on the last date stamped under "Date Due." If not on hold it may be renewed by bringing it to the library. DATE DS. T DATE DUE RET DUE KL1 '1 fit o n tHGf ..1. _ r\ *C\ n \j n f 1 All -"\ a« »/*V JAN23 9! 1 1 7QQ2 ArK V) r POEMS OF JOHN DONNE. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/poemsofjohndonne02donn_0 POEMS .tf** C 6~ OF )*0 I JOHN DONNE^ E. K. CHAMBERS. WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY GEORGE S AINTSBURY. NEW EDITION. VOL. II. LONDON: NEW YORK: A. H. BTJLLEN, CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 18 Cecil Court, W.C. i53~7 Fifth Avenue. xgoj^ 1901. Richard Clay &,Sons, Limited, London & Bungay. CONTENTS OF VOL. II. PAGE Table of Contents ... vii Letters to Several Personages— To Mr. Christopher Brooke : The Storm I „ „ „ The Calm 4 To Sir Henry Wotton ... 7 To Sir Henry Goodyere 10 To Mr. Rowland Woodward .. ... 12 To Sir Henry Wotton 14 To the Countess of Bedford 15 To the Countess of Bedford 17 To Sir Edward Herbert. 20 To the Countess of Bedford 22 To the Countess of Bedford, on New Year's Day 26 To the Countess of Huntingdon ... ... 29 To M[r] Ifzaak] W[alton] ... 32 To M[r] T. W 33 To M[r] T. -
The Integrity of a Shakespeare Sonnet L
CHAPTER I THE INTEGRITY OF A SHAKESPEARE SONNET L. C. Knights has described Shake-speares Sonnets as "a miscellane- ous collection of poems, written at different times, for different purposes, and with very different degrees of poetic intensity."' This means, as Knights perfectly understood, that whereas each individual sonnet is a dis- cernible product of Shakespeare's art, the collection taken as a whole is not;* or, to focus this more sharply, that the poet's artistic responsibility be- gins and ends within the bounds of each sonnet. The separate sonnets reflect upon one another, of course, just as Shakespeare's separate plays do; and, again as in the case of the plays, Shakespeare has sometimes suggested sub- stantial links between different ones of them. The formal and expressive outlines of the individual sonnets are emphatic, however, and, as this chap- ter will argue, decisive. "The first necessity of criticism" is then, as Knights pointed out, "to assess each poem independently on its own merits.'" Knights's position is enhanced by a valuable observation recently made by Stephen Booth that "most of the sonnets become decreasingly complex as they proceed."-' As a "token demonstration" of their decreasing figurative complexity, Booth cites the fact that the conventional figure of time or death as an old man makes six of its seven appearances in the whole collection either within a third quatrain or a couplet; his individual discussions of Sonnets 12, 60, and 73 provide examples of more general poetic decline. Testimony for Booth's observation-and for Knights's point-is supplied by G. -
The Company of Strangers: a Natural History of Economic Life
The Company of Strangers: A Natural History of Economic Life Paul Seabright Contents Page Preface: 2 Part I: Tunnel Vision Chapter 1: Who’s in Charge? 9 Prologue to Part II: 20 Part II: How is Human Cooperation Possible? Chapter 2: Man and the Risks of Nature 22 Chapter 3: Murder, Reciprocity and Trust 34 Chapter 4: Money and human relationships 48 Chapter 5: Honour among Thieves – hoarding and stealing 56 Chapter 6: Professionalism and Fulfilment in Work and War 62 Epilogue to Parts I and II: 71 Prologue to Part III: 74 Part III: Unintended Consequences Chapter 7: The City from Ancient Athens to Modern Manhattan 77 Chapter 8: Water – commodity or social institution? 88 Chapter 9: Prices for Everything? 98 Chapter 10: Families and Firms 110 Chapter 11: Knowledge and Symbolism 126 Chapter 12: Depression and Exclusion 139 Epilogue to Part III: 154 Prologue to Part IV: 155 Part IV: Collective Action Chapter 13: States and Empires 158 Chapter 14: Globalization and Political Action 169 Conclusion: How Fragile is the Great Experiment? 179 The Company of Strangers: A Natural History of Economic Life Preface The Great Experiment Our everyday life is much stranger than we imagine, and rests on fragile foundations. This is the startling message of the evolutionary history of humankind. Our teeming, industrialised, networked existence is not some gradual and inevitable outcome of human development over millions of years. Instead we owe it to an extraordinary experiment launched a mere ten thousand years ago*. No-one could have predicted this experiment from observing the course of our previous evolution, but it would forever change the character of life on our planet. -
William Blake
.,, '•I I I• 1J I I 11~ -· II I It~ I "I 1 rj.. I 1'111 .., l:l111i1l II' I i!1 ".IU - I. I ' 'I l ~ ,11 I ~ ii ·1 ... u",,.11 '"·' I '" 111 lit TH E COMPLETE POET R Y AN D SELECTED PROSE OF John Dorine & TH E COMPLETE POET R Y OF William Blake )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) WITH AN INTRODU C TION BY Robert Silliman Hillyer ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))~~ THE MODERN LIBRARY NEW YORK Contents INTRODVCTION by Robert Silliman Hillyer THE COMPLETE POETRY AND SELECTED PROSE OF JOHN DONNE THE POEMS SONGS AND SONETS The Good-morrow 3 Song 3 Womans Constancy 4 The Undertaking S The Sunne rising 6 The Indifferent 6 Loves Usury 7 The Canonization 8 The Triple Foote 9 Lovers infiniteuesse Io Song II The Legacie I 2 A Feaver I3 Aire and Angells I3 Breake of Day 14 The Anniversarie IS A Valediction: of my name, in the window 16 T wicknam Garden 18 A Valediction: of the booke I9 Communitie 21 Loves Growth 21 Loves Exchange 22 Confined Love 23 The Drearne 24 A Valediction: of weeping 25 Loves Alchymie 26 The Flea 26 v CONTE NTS vii vi CON TENT S S4 The Curse 27 Raderus The Message 28 Mercurius Gallo-Beligicus S4 Ralphius SS A Nocturnall upon S. Lucies Day 29 The Lier SS Witchcraft by a Picture 30 The Baite 30 The Apparition 3I E LEGIES The Broken Heart 32 A Valediction: forbidding mourning 33 I. Jealosie s6 The Extasie 34 II. The Anagram S7 Loves Deitie 36 III. Change s8 Loves Diet 37 IV. -
Renaissance Texts, Medieval Subjectivities: Vernacular Genealogies of English Petrarchism from Wyatt to Wroth
Renaissance Texts, Medieval Subjectivities: Vernacular Genealogies of English Petrarchism from Wyatt to Wroth by Danila A. Sokolov A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Waterloo, Ontario, Canada 2012 © Danila A. Sokolov 2012 Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation investigates the symbolic presence of medieval forms of textual selfhood in early modern English Petrarchan poetry. Seeking to problematize the notion of Petrarchism as a Ren- aissance discourse par excellence, as a radical departure from the medieval past marking the birth of the modern poetic voice, the thesis undertakes a systematic re-reading of a significant body of early modern English Petrarchan texts through the prism of late medieval English poetry. I argue that me- dieval poetic texts inscribe in the vernacular literary imaginary (i.e. a repository of discursive forms and identities available to early modern writers through antecedent and contemporaneous literary ut- terances) a network of recognizable and iterable discursive structures and associated subject posi- tions; and that various linguistic and ideological traces of these medieval discourses and selves can be discovered in early modern English Petrarchism. Methodologically, the dissertation’s engagement with poetic texts across the lines of periodization is at once genealogical and hermeneutic. The prin- cipal objective of the dissertation is to uncover a vernacular history behind the subjects of early mod- ern English Petrarchan poems and sonnet sequences. -
The Oxfordian Volume 21 October 2019 ISSN 1521-3641 the OXFORDIAN Volume 21 2019
The Oxfordian Volume 21 October 2019 ISSN 1521-3641 The OXFORDIAN Volume 21 2019 The Oxfordian is the peer-reviewed journal of the Shakespeare Oxford Fellowship, a non-profit educational organization that conducts research and publication on the Early Modern period, William Shakespeare and the authorship of Shakespeare’s works. Founded in 1998, the journal offers research articles, essays and book reviews by academicians and independent scholars, and is published annually during the autumn. Writers interested in being published in The Oxfordian should review our publication guidelines at the Shakespeare Oxford Fellowship website: https://shakespeareoxfordfellowship.org/the-oxfordian/ Our postal mailing address is: The Shakespeare Oxford Fellowship PO Box 66083 Auburndale, MA 02466 USA Queries may be directed to the editor, Gary Goldstein, at [email protected] Back issues of The Oxfordian may be obtained by writing to: [email protected] 2 The OXFORDIAN Volume 21 2019 The OXFORDIAN Volume 21 2019 Acknowledgements Editorial Board Justin Borrow Ramon Jiménez Don Rubin James Boyd Vanessa Lops Richard Waugaman Charles Boynton Robert Meyers Bryan Wildenthal Lucinda S. Foulke Christopher Pannell Wally Hurst Tom Regnier Editor: Gary Goldstein Proofreading: James Boyd, Charles Boynton, Vanessa Lops, Alex McNeil and Tom Regnier. Graphics Design & Image Production: Lucinda S. Foulke Permission Acknowledgements Illustrations used in this issue are in the public domain, unless otherwise noted. The article by Gary Goldstein was first published by the online journal Critical Stages (critical-stages.org) as part of a special issue on the Shakespeare authorship question in Winter 2018 (CS 18), edited by Don Rubin. It is reprinted in The Oxfordian with the permission of Critical Stages Journal. -
Jesse Sharpe Phd Thesis
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by St Andrews Research Repository ‘AND THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH’: THE PROBLEM OF THE INCARNATION IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DEVOTIONAL POETRY Jesse David Sharpe A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St. Andrews 2012 Full metadata for this item is available in Research@StAndrews:FullText at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3185 This item is protected by original copyright This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License 'AND THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH': THE PROBLEM OF THE INCARNATION IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DEVOTIONAL POETRY Jesse David Sharpe A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of St Andrews School of English 22 May 2012 i ABSTRACT In using the doctrine of the Incarnation as a lens to approach the devotional poetry of seventeenth-century Britain, ‘“And the Word was made flesh”: The Problem of the Incarnation in Seventeenth-Century Devotional Poetry’ finds this central doctrine of Christianity to be a destabilising force in the religious controversies of the day. The fact that Roman Catholics, the Church of England, and Puritans all hold to the same belief in the Incarnation means that there is a central point of orthodoxy which allows poets from differing sects of Christianity to write devotional verse that is equally relevant for all churches. This creates a situation in which the more the writer focuses on the incarnate Jesus, the less ecclesiastically distinct their writings become and the more aware the reader is of how difficult it is to categorise poets by the sects of the day. -
John Donne on Repentance
John Donne on Repentance: Thou hast made me, and shall thy work decay? 1572 – 1631 John Donne’s Life 1571/72 Born of a mother from an eminent Roman Catholic family 1576 His father dies 1584 Begins study at Hart Hall, Oxford 1592 Studies law at Lincoln’s Inn (as a Roman Catholic, could not receive an Oxford degree); begins writing “secular poetry”; becomes a “man about town,” an admirer of “fair women.” 1593 Donne’s brother Henry dies in Newgate Prison after sheltering a Roman Catholic priest; Donne tends toward scepticism 1596/97 “Military Adventure”: serves Earl of Essex in expedition against Cadiz, in the Azores 1598? Conforms to Church of England; becomes secretary to Sir Thomas Edgerton 1601-1615 Secretly marries Ann More, niece of Edgerton’s wife, a minor (age 17); Donne is briefly imprisoned and they live in poverty. Ann gives birth to 12 children, five of whom die; Donne writes religious poetry and controversial religious writings: Pseudo-Martyr; Essays in Divinity John Donne’s Life 1615 Ordained to C of E at King James’s encouragement 1616 Divinity Reader, Lincoln’s Inn 1617 Ann More dies in childbirth (age 33); Donne deeply affected by her death 1621 Dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral 1623 Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions (during an illness) 1631 Preaches “Death’s Duel,” his final sermon; Dies March 31 Donne’s Writings • Religious Poetry • Prose – La Corona – Essays in Divinity – Holy Sonnets – Sermons (Ten Volumes) “Batter my heart, three – Devotions Upon Emergent person’d God . .” Occasions – A Litanie – The Crosse – Hymne to God My God, in My Sicknesse – A Hymne to God the Father • “Wilt thou forgive that sinne .