Lost Books of the Old Testament Pdf
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Syllabus and Text
THE BIBLE: From God to Us Spring 2017 Syllabus April 23 …………………………………. Inspiration and Uniqueness April 30 ………………….………………. How the Bible Came to Us May 7 …………………………….. Reliability of the Old Testament May 14 ………………………….. Reliability of the New Testament May 21 ……………………….. The Canon Formation, Apocrypha, and Pseudepigrapha May 28 ………………..………. No Class; Memorial Day Weekend JoLynn Gower 493-6151 [email protected] 1 INSPIRATION AND UNIQUENESS The Bible continues to be the best selling book in the World. But between 1997 and 2007, some speculate that Harry Potter might have surpassed the Bible in sales if it were not for the Gideons. This speaks to the world in which we now find ourselves. There is tremendous interest in things that are “spiritual” but much less interest in the true God revealed in the Bible. The Bible never tries to prove that God exists. He is everywhere assumed to be. Read Exodus 3:14 and write what you learn: ____________________________ _________________________________________________________________ The God who calls Himself “I AM” inspired a divinely authorized book. The process by which the book resulted is “God-breathed.” The Spirit moved men who wrote God-breathed words. Read the following verses and record your thoughts: 2 Timothy 3:16-17__________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Do a word study on “scripture” from the above passage, and write the results here: ____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ -
What Is the Bible, and How Did It Come About? ABCDE LOCATING the BIBLICAL WORLD
PART 1 What Is the Bible, And How Did It Come About? ABCDE LOCATING THE BIBLICAL WORLD 1 1 EUROPE ASIA 2 2 India PACIFIC AFRICA OCEAN 3 3 Area of Detail in Map 1.2 ATLANTIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN N 4 4 0 800 1600 2400 Miles 0 800 1600 2400 Kilometers ABCDE MAP 1.1 ABCDE M e d THE WORLD OF THE BIBLE AFP 18 i t e r r a Eurasia/Africa Locator n e a n Third Proof S e F e r 1 a t i 1 l e 09/18/09 CANAAN E C u r e p s h c r a e y t n e e l s t l R T a i i g V r v i e s e r R l i i v N e r r e v Ri P ile e 2 N r 2 s y i e l a l CUSH n a V G s u r u Red Se l f e d iv n R I s u INDIA d a n B I l u e e l i N N i l e e t 3 hi 3 W Arabian Sea 4 4 N 0 200 400 600 Miles 0 200 400 600 Kilometers ABCDE MAP 1.2 The “Fertile Crescent” is the name given to the rich arable land in Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley, where ancient civilizations first developed. The area shaded yellow around AFP 18 Lake Victoria is where the oldest known human fossils have been discovered. -
8 – the Lost Books of the Bible
8 – The Lost Books of the Bible Canonical Books: “Canon” comes from the Greek meaning “rule” or “measuring stick”. The accepted “canon” is comprised of the current 66 books in the Christian Bible. All 66 books are considered to be inspired by God. Proto-Canonical – “Proto” comes from the Greek meaning “first”. These books are the “first canon” and include the 39 Old Testament books that were the basis for the Hebrew bible. Deutero-Canonical – “Deutero” comes from the Greek meaning “second”. These books are the “second www.crcnh.org canon” and include the 27 New Testament books written in Greek. Non-Canonical Books: These are any “religious” book not included in the 66 books of the canon. They are referred to synonymously as either “apochryphal” or “pseudoepigraphal”. These books are not inspired by God. Apocrypha – From the Greek “apo” meaning “away” and “kryphos” meaning “hidden” (hidden away). These are works of unknown authorship or have doubtful authenticity. Pseudoepigrapha – Comes from the Greek “pseudes” meaning “false” and “epigraphe” meaning “name” (false name). These are works that are written by one author but are claimed to have originated earlier by an unknown author. Original King James Apocryphal Books* Other Apochryphal and Pseudoepigrapha Books 1. 1st Esdras 9. Letter of Jeremiah 1. Ascension of Moses 9. Letter of Aristias 2. 2nd Esdras 10. Prayer of Azariah 2. Book of Assaf 10. Vision of Ezra 3. Tobit 11. Susanna 3. Book of Noah 11. Treatise of Shem 4. Judith 12. Bel and the Dragon 4. Book of Adam & Eve 12. Ladder of Jacob 5. -
Studying the Bible: the Tanakh and Early Christian Writings
Kansas State University Libraries New Prairie Press NPP eBooks Monographs 2019 Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings Gregory Eiselein Kansas State University Anna Goins Kansas State University Naomi J. Wood Kansas State University Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks Part of the Biblical Studies Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License Recommended Citation Eiselein, Gregory; Goins, Anna; and Wood, Naomi J., "Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings" (2019). NPP eBooks. 29. https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/29 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Monographs at New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in NPP eBooks by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings Gregory Eiselein, Anna Goins, and Naomi J. Wood Kansas State University Copyright © 2019 Gregory Eiselein, Anna Goins, and Naomi J. Wood New Prairie Press, Kansas State University Libraries Manhattan, Kansas Cover design by Anna Goins Cover image by congerdesign, CC0 https://pixabay.com/photos/book-read-bible-study-notes-write-1156001/ Electronic edition available online at: http://newprairiepress.org/ebooks This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International (CC-BY NC 4.0) License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Publication of Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings was funded in part by the Kansas State University Open/Alternative Textbook Initiative, which is supported through Student Centered Tuition Enhancement Funds and K-State Libraries. -
Outline of 1 Kings
Outline of 1 Kings The Kingdom of Israel King Date Years King Scripture Reference Saul 1050 to 1010 BC 40 Years Acts 13:21 David 1010 to 970 BC 40 Years 2 Samuel 5:1-5 1 Kings 2:10-12 Solomon 970 to 930 BC (see 1 Kings 40 Years 1 Kings 11:42 6:1 ~ 476 years after Exodus from Egypt - 1446 BC) The Divided Kingdom I Kings Israel Judah King / Scripture Scripture Date King / Years Reigned Date Years Reigned Reference Reference Jeroboam / 22 Years 930-908 BC 1 Kings 14:20 Rehoboam / 17 Years 930-913 BC 1 Kings 14:21 Abijam (Abijah )/3 Years 913 - 910 BC 1 Kings 15:1-2 (18th year of Jeroboam) Asa / 41 Years 910 - 869 BC 1 Kings 15:9-10 (20th year of Jeroboam) Nadab / 2 Years 908 - 906 BC 1 Kings 15:25 Baasha / 24 Years 906 - 882 BC 1 Kings 15:33 Elah / 2 Years 882 - 880 BC 1 Kings 16:8 Zimri / 7 days 880 BC 1 Kings 16:15 Omri / 12 Years 880 - 868 BC 1 Kings 16:23 (states that this is the 31st year of Asa??) Ahab / 22 Years 868 - 846 BC 1 Kings 16:29 Jehoshaphat / 25 years 864 - 839 BC 1 Kings 22:41-42 (4th year of Ahab) Ahaziah / 2 years 846 - 844 BC (17th year of Jehoshaphat) 1 Introduction to 1 Kings The author of 1 Kings is unknown. Whoever this inspired writer was he must have lived and wrote during the days of Judah's Babylonian captivity due to the book ending during these days. -
1 Kings 11:41-43 “Solomon Is Dead, Long Live Solomon”
1 Kings 11:41-43 “Solomon is Dead, Long Live Solomon” 1 Kings 11:40 Solomon therefore sought to kill Jeroboam. But Jeroboam arose and fled to Egypt, to Shishak king of Egypt, and was in Egypt until the death of Solomon. • So Solomon, who starts as a very wise ruler ends his career becoming a Saul – a selfish man bent on destroying the man God has given the throne to. • Solomon would not survive to see the outcome of his selfishness – most do not. Fleeing to Egypt: Shishak, king of Egypt [Shishak is beyond doubt the Sheshonk I. of the monuments, and is the first of the Pharaohs who can be identified with certainty (see Dict. Bib. iii. p. 1288). • The date of his accession appears to be somewhere between 988 and 980 B.C. • His reception of Jeroboam almost proves that there has been a change of dynasty, and that the new Pharaoh was no friend to Solomon], and was in Egypt until the death of Solomon. [Compare again Matt. 2:15.] 1 41 As for the other events of Solomon’s reign—all he did and the wisdom he displayed — are they not written in the book of the annals of Solomon? • CALMET supposes him to have been 18 years old when he came to the throne, and 58 when he died, ch. 2:11. 2 2 Chronicles 9:29–30 29 Now the rest of the acts of Solomon, first and last, are they not written in the book of Nathan the prophet, in the prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite, and in the visions of Iddo the seer concerning Jeroboam the son of Nebat? 30 Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel forty years. -
The Characterization of Solomon in 1 Kings 1–11, 2 Chronicles 1–9, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Songs
ISRAEL’S PARADOXICAL KING: THE CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLOMON IN 1 KINGS 1–11, 2 CHRONICLES 1–9, PROVERBS, ECCLESIASTES, AND SONG OF SONGS Lucas Glen Wisley Hughes Hall This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the University of Cambridge March 2018 - 2 - ABSTRACT This thesis explores the question of how the figure of Solomon is characterized in the Hebrew Bible. This question arises from the observation of divergent depictions of Solomon in the differ- ent books. In 1 Kings 1–11, Solomon is depicted in an ambivalent manner where his wisdom can be used positively for the benefit of all Israel and negatively through focusing on the royal court to the neglect of Israel at large. In contrast, Solomon is presented as a model king of cultic fidelity in 2 Chronicles 1–9 in spite of his failures in 1 Kings 1–11. In Proverbs, Solomon is remembered as the paragon of wisdom in Israel but is also presented in Ecclesiastes as a pessimistic king describ- ing the limitations of his wisdom. Furthermore, Solomon is used as the picture of an ideal lover in the Song of Songs, but it is his romantic exploits that lead to him becoming an idolater turning away from YHWH. In light of these observations, the purpose of this thesis is to examine the char- acterization of Solomon in 1 Kings 1–11, 2 Chronicles 1–9, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Songs. In order to examine this, a communicative theory of interpretation that benefits from a the- ory of characterization from narrative-criticism will be utilized. -
The Old Testament Apocrypha
( CHAPTERONE The Old Testament Apocrypha Old Testament Apocrypha 1 Esdras Susanna 2 Esdras Bel and the Dragon Tobit Prayer of Manasseh Judith 1 Maccabees Additions to Esther 2 Maccabees Wisdom of Solomon 3 Maccabees (see Old Testament Ecclesiasticus (Sirach) Pseudepigrapha) Baruch 4 Maccabees (see Old Testament Epistle of Jeremiah Pseudepigrapha) Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Psalm 151 (see Old Testament Three Children Pseudepigrapha) Fifteen books make up the OT Apocrypha. Some editions of the Bible incor- porate the Epistle of Jeremiah into Baruch as its sixth and final chapter. These editions, therefore, have fourteen books. Whereas Protestants do not regard the books of the Apocrypha as inspired or as canonical, the Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and Coptic Churches accept most of them. (For a listing of their respective canons of the Apocrypha, see appendix 1.) The word “apocrypha” is a Greek word literally meaning “hidden away.” Why “hidden”? Over the centuries those who appreciated and approved of these books as authoritative thought of them as hidden from the uninitiated and simple. They were reserved for the wise and learned. On the other hand, those who viewed these books as spurious and as possessing no authority have understood them as hidden because of perceived heretical tendencies. It is probably for this reason that the word “apocrypha” has come to mean “false.” For example, when a story about a well-known person is suspected of being untrue we say that it is “apocryphal.” 10 The Old Testament Apocrypha The Apocrypha (the word is actually plural—the singular is apocryphon— but people often think of it as singular) represent several types of writing. -
Chapter Four the Former Prophets
Eiselein, Goins, Wood / Studying the Bible Chapter Four The Former Prophets Introduction The books of the Bible immediately following the Torah provide a continuous narrative account of ancient Israel’s national history. This history begins with the death of Moses and the Israelites’ conquest of Canaanite territory as narrated in Joshua, but it soon devolves into a chaotic and violent period characterized by a succession of different rulers or judges as portrayed in Judges. Such instability helped create the yearning for a seemingly stronger form of political rule, and Samuel narrates Israel’s transformation into a monarchy, which flourishes under David and then his son Solomon, despite a shaky launch under the rule of Israel’s first king, Saul. Following the deaths of David and Solomon, Israel divides into two separate kingdoms and begins a long, slow descent leading to eventual destruction of first the Northern Kingdom of Israel and then the Southern Kingdom of Judah centered on Jerusalem, and the Book of Kings concludes with the destruction of Jerusalem and the exile and deportation of a large portion of the population. These books are a part of the Nevi’im, or “Prophets,” the second main section of the Hebrew Bible, between the Torah and Ketuvim or Writings. The Nevi’im is traditionally divided into two parts: the Former Prophets, a set of historical narratives from Joshua through Kings, and the Latter Prophets, fifteen poetic and oratorical works, which will be treated in the next chapter. In the Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Protestant arrangement for the Old Testament, Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, and 1-2 Kings are included in a grouping of historical books. -
Bibliotheca Sacra
1889-] Tht Losl IVrilillgs i/~ the Old Tt:stotllt'lli. 35 1 ARTICLE IX. THE LOST 'VRITINGS, QUOTED AND RE. FERRED TO, IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. BY TIIB REV. PROFF.5S0R IRA M. PltlCR, PIf. D., CIIICAGO BAPTIST UNION TlfEOLOGICAL SEMIXARV. THE Old Testament, to most persons, is little more than a barred palace, a Roman catacomb. They look in through the iron gratings, only to their OWll confusion and bewil. derment. Even when once within the gates, the strange n3m:::;, th:: obscure directi,ms on the corner tablets in the great clark halls, sen'c only to cOll\'ince them that they are in a str.lOge domain, in need of a guide. When this guide appears, even with the most powerrul light of the -century, he cannot begin to bring outthe beauties of those primitive mosaics. All through the palace he fin~s vague, inexplicable, and often undecipherable relations between .e\'ents grouped together ill the same historical landscape. One of tl'.ese obscurities or diOiculties, which very early meets every careful reader of the Old Testament, is the large specific reference, in 'certain books, to works no\y entirely unknown. The composite nature of certain books of the Old Tes tament, though closely related to the topic under investi. gation, will not· be considered here, as its consideration would necessitate the discussion of questions immediately -connected with higher criticism. The authorship and time of composition of the books of the Old Testament, Digitized by Coogle 352 Tlte Lost Writ;lIg'S in tlu Old Testllmt"lII. [Apri~ also, do not co:ne within the limits set to the theme m hand. -
2 CHRONICLES - a TEACHER’S GUIDE the CENTRAL QUESTION: What Does This Book/Story Say to Us About God? This Question May Be Broken Down Further As Follows: A
2 CHRONICLES - A TEACHER’S GUIDE THE CENTRAL QUESTION: What does this book/story say to us about God? This question may be broken down further as follows: a. Why did God do it/allow it? b. Why did He record it for our study? 1. Who do you think wrote 1 & 2 Chronicles? (1 Chronicles 29:29; compare 2 Chronicles 32:32; 33:18- 20) Do these books have a significantly different perspective than 1 & 2 Samuel and 1 & 2 Kings? Do 1 & 2 Chronicles look like a “biased” report? Does God “inspire” people to “compile” books to put in Scripture? See 1 Chronicles - A Teacher’s Guide - #1. “When it was first written, Second Chronicles brought a ray of hope to a people desperately in need of encouragement. The Israelite community, reduced to a tiny minority in exile among the Babylonians, was struggling to understand its place. Had God’s promises to Abraham and David been revoked because of the nation’s sins? Was there any hope of reviving David’s dynasty? Could Judaism survive without the temple? Second Chronicles addressed questions like these. Its answers came in a historical review of God’s faithfulness to the Israelites. Although the nation had steadily declined over the centuries, God had always been faithful to those who remained true to Him. The good that God had done in the past would be the pattern for His future acts. God would keep His glorious promises to the Israelites.” (Nelson Study Bible) “Second Chronicles recounts the downfall of the Davidic dynasty from Solomon to the Exile. -
Slides for Class 6: Samuel & Kings
The Rev. Dr. Carl Gregg Mondays, 11:00 am – 12:30 pm, March 3 – Aprl 21 Housekeeping ! •Slides: frederickuu.org/about/FCC •Attendance for FCC •Add to email list? •Other? Covenant • Use “I” statements: speak from your own experience. • Ask permission before sharing other participants’ stories outside the group. • Step-up, step-back: be conscious of the level of participation that you bring to the conversation. Allow everyone a chance to speak before you speak again. • You always have permission to “pass.” Upcoming Classes Session 6: Samuel and Kings Fall 2014: 6-week Class finishing Hebrew Bible, starting with the Prophets. Alternately: Read primary text…and annotations …or just come to class ! Chapter 4: The Deuteronomistic History Joshua to 2 Kings Alternately: Read primary text…and annotations …or just come to class Chapter 5: The Early Israelite Prophets: Amos, Isaiah of Jerusalem, Jeremiah, Hosea, Micah, Zephaniah, Habakkuk Chapter 6: The Historians and Prophets of Exile and Return: Ezra and Nehemiah, Second Isaiah, Joel, Obadiah, Haggai, Zechariah, Third Isaiah, Malachi Chapter 7: Poets and Story Tellers of Ancient Israel: Psalms, Lamentations, Song of Songs, Ruth, Esther, Jonah, Daniel, 1 and 2 Chronicles Chapter 8: Wisdom and Apocalyptic Literature: Fall 2014 Proverbs, Job, Ecclesiastes, Selections of AL Samuel: The Rise of the Monarchy Transition from Judges Judges 21:25, the last verse in the book, echoes again the refrain throughout the book: “In those days there was no king in Israel; all the people did what was right in their own eyes.” Introduction to Samuel In Samuel and Kings, we will see the rise of the monarchy— From the freed slaves led by Moses, to the conquering army led by Joshua, to the tenuous network of tribes led by the judges, to the united kingdom under the monarchy.