DOCSLIB.ORG

Distance Education for Africa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Distance Education for Africa ,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QVWLWXWHIRU % &DSDFLW\%XLOGLQJLQ$IULFD &$ 8QLWHG1DWLRQV(GXFDWLRQDO 6FLHQWL¿FDQG&XOWXUDO2UJDQL]DWLRQ 81(6&2,,&%$1(:6/(77(5 9RO1R'HF ZZZXQHVFRLLFEDRUJ 'LVWDQFH(GXFDWLRQIRU$IULFD &217(176 QPRVWGHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHVSURYLVLRQRIHGXFD $YRLGWKHRSSRUWXQLW\FRVWRIWDNLQJ WLRQLVERXUJHRQLQJ6XSSO\RIWKHFRQYHQWLRQDO SHRSOHRXWRIWKHLUQRUPDOHPSOR\PHQW 0(GLQWKH7HDFKLQJ IDFHWRIDFH PRGH RI GHOLYHU\ KDV IRU YDULRXV IRUWUDLQLQJ RI0DWKDQG6FLHQFH , UHDVRQV IDLOHG WR NHHS ZLWK WKH JURZLQJ GHPDQG 5HDFKDODUJHUQXPEHURILQGLYLGXDOV YLD'LVWDQFHPRGH IRUKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ'LVWDQFH(GXFDWLRQ '(QRZ 'HPRFUDWL]HHGXFDWLRQ NQRZQDVRSHQDQGGLVWDQFHOHDUQLQJ RQWKHRWKHU 5DLVHHGXFDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVWKURXJKWKH $IULFDDGGVIRUW\IRXU QHZ'LVWDQFH KDQGKDVVKRZQLWVFDSDELOLW\WRPHHWWKHGHPDQGV XVHRIKLJKTXDOLW\PDWHULDOV (GXFDWLRQ6SHFLDOLVWV IRUVFKRROVZLWKTXDOLW\HGXFDWLRQ'LVWDQFHOHDUQ %HFRVWHIIHFWLYHDQGPRUHHI¿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¶VGLVWDQFHHGXFDWLRQSURJUDPV6N\/LJKW¶V0$ (GXFDWLRQLQ,QIRUPD $OWKRXJKDVSHFWVRIIDFHWRIDFHLQVWUXFWLRQ SURJUDPDFROODERUDWLYHZLWKDQ$PHULFDQFRPSDQ\ WLRQ&RPPXQLFDWLRQ FDQVLPSO\QRWEHGXSOLFDWHGE\'(SURJUDPVVXFK WKDWVHHNVWRVWUHQJWKHQWKHWHDFKLQJRIPDWKHPDWLFV 7HFKQRORJ\ DVWKHLQVSLUDWLRQDQGLQGLYLGXDOLQVLJKWSURYLGHGE\ DQGVFLHQFHWKURXJKDVSHFLDOGHJUHHIRUWHDFKHUV¶LQ JRRGWHDFKHUVLWLVLPSRUWDQWWRHPSOR\WKHVWUXFWXUDO WKHVH¿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¿GHQWWKDWWKHVHHIIRUWVUHSUH SDUWLFXODUHGXFDWLRQDOLQVWLWXWLRQ'LVWDQFHHGXFDWLRQ VHQWDODUJHUJRDORIKDUQHVVLQJWKHSRZHURIGLVWDQFH RSHQVWKHGRRUIRUWKRVHRIXVZKRPFDQQRWDWWHQG HGXFDWLRQIRUWKHEHQH¿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¿OOWKHJDSE\H[WHQGLQJDQRSSRUWXQLW\IRU VLW\RI7DQ]DQLDLVDQRWKHUH[DPSOHRIGLVWDQFHWHDFK KLJKHUHGXFDWLRQWRDZLGHUPDUNHW'LVWDQFHHGXFD LQJKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQLQVWLWXWHLQ$IULFDZKLFKFDWHUV WLRQSURYLGHVHGXFDWLRQQRWRQO\IRUSDUWWLPHDGXOWV IRUWKRXVDQGVRIVWXGHQWV EXWDOVRIRU\RXQJVWXGHQWVZKRKDYHQRWEHHQDFFHSW HGWRDFRQYHQWLRQDOXQLYHUVLW\RUZHUHQRWDFFHSWHG LQWKH¿HOGRIWKHLUFKRLFHGXHWRWKH¿HUFHVFDUFLW\RI VHDWVLQWKHVHFRXQWULHVDVFRPSDUHGWRWKHRSSRUWXQL 81(6&2,,&%$1HZVOHWWHU WLHVWKDWH[LVWLQWKH:HVW 32%R[ 5HVHDUFK KDV LQGLFDWHG WKDW XVLQJ GLVWDQFH $GGLV$EDED(WKLRSLD 7HO HGXFDWLRQ PD\ KHOS VROYH WKH SUREOHP RI WKH WKLUG )D[ ZRUOG $FFRUGLQJ WR $UJHU EHVLGHV KHOSLQJ (PDLOLQIR#XQHVFRLLFEDRUJ WR RYHUFRPH WKH H[SORGLQJ GHPDQG IRU KLJKHU HGX :HEVLWHZZZXQHVFRLLFEDRUJ FDWLRQGLVWDQFHHGXFDWLRQFDQXWLOL]HLWVFRPSDUDWLYH DGYDQWDJHWKURXJKWKHIROORZLQJ 81(6&2,,&%$1(:6/(77(59RO1R'HF Ethiopia continues to expand that was founded during the Kennedy between the University of Umea its utilization of various distance educa- era. There are two universities in the US (Sweden) and Ethiopian Universities, tion programs for human resource which runs Skylight (Drake and St facilitated by IICBA. The essential con- development. The Ministry of Mary's). Skylight is scheduled to start cept behind UMEA is the creation of a Education has launched an ambitious up in Ethiopia by February, 2004. new formulation in the educator's devel- program to update the skills 17,000 In cooperation with the Indira opment, whereby their perspective of teachers to diploma level. The postgrad- Gandhi National Open University their own practical work and its devel- uate level training through distance (IGNOU) of India, study programmes opment is enhanced. UMEA's education about distance education initiated by leading to a Post Graduate Diploma in is not exclusively through distance as it IICBA is a commendable venture. This Distance Education (PGDDE) and combines online assignments with face- is a step forward in creating trained Master of Arts in Distance Education to-face tutoring. manpower in the field of distance edu- (MADE) are underway in Ethiopia Insufficient resources and cation. The Ministry's program, which among other countries and have in shrinking government budget alloca- began in 1999, includes participants Ethiopia been a success story. IICBA tions strain institutions of higher educa- from Ethiopia and Liberia who have plans to immediately expand the tion in Africa. These institutions are not received training on various aspects of PGDDE and MADE programs to other able to keep pace with demand for the distance education. The Ethiopian Civil Anglophone West African countries and Continent's need for specialized human Service College has also started distance start a Ph. D. program with IGNOU. capital. Distance education is one of the education program, which combines Though established quite means of surmounting this crisis. Thus, printed material with innovative tech- recently (1985), IGNOU has evolved the application of distance education as nology (that enables to receive and send into one of the few Mega Universities a mode of delivery for expanding oppor- image as well as voice and data). The fully dedicated to DE. With in-built tunity for education and retraining has technology installed in the college has quality assurance mechanisms, IGNOU become a necessity. In this case, the Internet connection, which enables pro- is not only a nationally accredited insti- prospect for distance education is essen- fessionals in the country to share experi- tution in India, but also an international- tially untapped. By introducing IICBA's ences and learn new things from profes- ly recognized center of excellence in Distance Education programs, this sionals around the world. DE. In light of its meritorious achieve- newsletter intends to portray DE in Conducting teacher education ments in DE, the Indian government has Africa as both an opportunity and a through distance education is something entrusted IGNOU with a responsibility response to a crisis in education, and not that has been done for a long time in the of promoting and coordinating open and merely a second-rate option for higher USA. One reason could be that the distance learning systems in the whole learning. American teachers have to do a test each country as well as determining stan- Finally this newsletter features fifth year in order to confirm their profi- dards. a special tribute to Dr. Fay King Chung. ciency. This has led to a long tradition in What is happening in Ethiopia’s Acting Director, Dr. Joseph Ngu's distance education in the US. One com- classrooms? How can classroom activi- speech for Dr. Chung's retirement party pany dealing with distance education is ties be improved? Questions such as is reprinted for our readers’ benefit in its Skylight, which is a US based company these are dealt with through a cooperation entirety. M.Ed in the Teaching of Math and Science via Distance mode A Collaborative program between UNESCO-IICBA and Addis Ababa University (AAU) Development economists have and secondary levels throughout Africa. long recognized the importance of hav- The central approach of this program is The IICBA Newsletter is published quarterly in English and French. ing a country's populace be proficient in to supplement the existing undergra- Articles may be reproduced with math and science fundamentals. The duate program which consists of both attribution. We welcome editorial majority of Africa's population has not theoretically based and practical classes. comments or inquiries about IICBA had the privilege of receiving quality please address all correspondance instruction. Ethiopia is no exception to IICBA is currently concentrat- to ing its efforts in Ethiopia. In order to this problem. Teaching within these The Editor subjects has been hampered by lack of address this need IICBA sought partner- IICBA Newsletter in-class resources and constrained ship with experienced professionals
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Zimbabwean Nation-State Project
    The Zimbabwean Nation-State Project DISCUSSION PAPER 59 THE ZIMBABWEAN NATION-STATE PROJECT A Historical Diagnosis of Identity and Power-Based Conflicts in a Postcolonial State SABELO J. NDLOVO-GATSHENI NORDISKA AFRIKAINSTITUTET, UppSALA 2011 Indexing terms: Zimbabwe Nationalism State Political conflicts Political development Political leadership Elite Ethnicity National identity Nation-building Post-colonialism The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. Language checking: Peter Colenbrander ISSN 1104-8417 ISBN 978-91-7106-696-1 © The author and Nordiska Afrikainstitutet 2011 Production: Byrå4 Print on demand, Lightning Source UK Ltd. The Zimbabwean Nation-State Project Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................4 List of Acronyms ...............................................................................................................................................5 Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................7 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................9 2. Defining the African National Project ................................................................................................18
    [Show full text]
  • J.Lorimer 6181759 BA Thesis Gerits
    Warriors or Workers? Women in the Zimbabwean Liberation War Jennifer Lorimer 6181759 Joke Smitplein 17, 3581PZ [email protected] 15 ECT BA Thesis (GE3V18003) 6th April 2021 Dr Frank Gerits Number of words: 10,400 Words Number of pages: 47 Pages 1 Warriors or Workers? Women in the Zimbabwean Liberation War Abstract Though a wide body of interviews that began to emerge in the 1990s show that women were involved at almost every level in the struggle, women still remain largely absent from the existing historiography on the Zimbabwe liberation war. What is missing from the previous accounts is a specific focus on how women were involved in the war in three key areas, as teachers, providers, and combatants. A re-examination of the sources, namely a comparative examination of autobiographies and edited interviews yields a new interpretation of the involvement of Zimbabwean women in the civil war: that black Zimbabwean women were used by the almost exclusively male nationalist leadership and military high command as cheap labour during the war in order to achieve a version of liberation “on the cheap” whilst maintaining the patriarchal status quo. Despite the fact that the rhetoric surrounding women’s involvement in the war promised them equal opportunities and parity with their male counterparts, Zimbabwean women were not offered genuine opportunities for advancement. Notwithstanding the attainment of independence, many women continued to feel exploited and that their sacrifices had been in vain. They painted the new black nationalist leadership with the same brush that they had painted their colonial oppressors.
    [Show full text]
  • In Conversation • 117 •
    In Conversation • 117 • In Conversation Women’s Leadership is a Key: Fay Chung speaks with Teresa Barnes Dr Fay Chung is well known to activists in Zimbabwe and students of Zimbabwean history. Born in colonial Rhodesia, she joined the liberation struggle in exile in the 1970s just after graduating from and working as a lecturer at the then University of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Her commitment to national liberation led her to the guerrilla army camps in Zambia and Mozambique, where she helped develop a new educational methodology and curriculum for what was hoped would soon be an independent Zimbabwe. After independence came to Zimbabwe in 1980, she served as Minister of Education. Dr Chung’s dedication to the ideals of women’s education has led her to activism for higher education for women in Africa. This conversation with Feminist Africa 8 co-editor Teresa Barnes, was prompted by the 2006 publication of Dr Chung’s memoirs, Re-living the Second Chimurenga: Memories from Zimbabwe’s Liberation Struggle, pub- lished by Weaver Press in Harare and the Nordic Africa Institute in Uppsala. The conversation was conducted online between April and July 2007. TB: Dr Chung, although you were born in Zimbabwe, your professional life as an activist and educator has always had an international dimension. Where are you currently based? FC: I have now officially retired and I live in Zimbabwe, although I still do some consultancies in different parts of Africa. My last job was as Director of the UNESCO International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa (IICBA) located in AddisAbaba.
    [Show full text]
  • Race, Identity, and Belonging in Early Zimbabwean Nationalism(S), 1957-1965
    Race, Identity, and Belonging in Early Zimbabwean Nationalism(s), 1957-1965 Joshua Pritchard This thesis interrogates traditional understandings of race within Zimbabwean nationalism. It explores the interactions between socio-cultural identities and belonging in black African nationalist thinking and politics, and focuses on the formative decade between the emergence of mass African nationalist political parties in 1957 and the widespread adoption of an anti- white violent struggle in 1966. It reassesses the place of non-black individuals within African anti-settler movements. Using the chronological narrative provided by the experiences of marginal non-black supporters (including white, Asian, coloured, and Indian individuals), it argues that anti-colonial nationalist organisations during the pre-Liberation War period were heavily influenced by the competing racial theories and politics espoused by their elite leadership. It further argues that the imagined future Zimbabwean nations had a fluid and reflexive positioning of citizens based on racial identities that changed continuously. Finally, this thesis examines the construction of racial identities through the discourse used by black Zimbabweans and non-black migrants and citizens, and the relationships between these groups, to contend that race was an inexorable factor in determining belonging. Drawing upon archival sources created by non-black 'radical' participants and Zimbabwean nationalists, and oral interviews conducted during fieldwork in South Africa and Zimbabwe in 2015, the research is a revisionist approach to existing academic literature on Zimbabwean nationalism: in the words of Terence Ranger, it is not a nationalist history but a history of nationalism. It situates itself within multiple bodies of study, including conceptual nationalist and racial theory, the histories of marginal groups within African nationalist movements, and studies of citizenship and belonging.
    [Show full text]
  • Female Combatants and Shifting Gender Perceptions During Zimbabwe’S Liberation War, 1966-79
    International Journal of Gender and Women’s Studies March 2014, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 83-104 ISSN: 2333-6021 (Print), 2333-603X (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). 2014. All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development Female Combatants and Shifting Gender Perceptions during Zimbabwe’s Liberation War, 1966-79 Ireen Mudeka1 Abstract __________________________________________________________________ While mainstream history on the liberation struggle in Africa and Zimbabwe primarily focuses on male initiatives, from the 1990s, new scholarship marked a paradigm shift. Scholars both shifted attention to women’s roles and adopted a gendered perspective of the liberation struggle. The resultant literature primarily argued that the war of liberation did not bring any changes in either oppressive gender relations or women’s status. However, based on oral, autobiographical and archival sources including Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) documents and magazines, this paper argues that while male domination indeed continued, the war inevitably shifted perceptions of women. Their recruitment within ZANLA and in specific leadership roles marked this change in gender perceptions. Even ‘traditionally feminine roles’, normally taken for granted, gained new value in the cut-throat conditions of war. Nationalist leaders and other guerillas came to valorize such roles and the women who undertook them, as central to the war effort. War-time contingencies therefore spurred certain shifts in perceptions of women, at times radical but at others, seemingly imperceptible. This reevaluation of women’s status spilled into the postcolonial era, albeit slowly, due to the centuries-old patriarchal culture that Zimbabweans could not suddenly dismantle. __________________________________________________________________ Keywords: Zimbabwe, Liberation struggle, gender perception, women, history Introduction In his critical introduction to the theories of nationalism, U.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Living the Second Chimurenga
    1-9.fm Page 1 Wednesday, October 26, 2005 4:57 PM FAY CHUNG Re-living the Second Chimurenga Memories from the Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe With an introduction by Preben Kaarsholm THE NORDIC AFRICA INSTITUTE, 2006 Published in cooperation with Weaver Press 1-9.fm Page 2 Wednesday, October 26, 2005 4:57 PM Indexing terms Biographies National liberation movements Liberation Civil war Independence ZANU Zimbabwe RE-LIVING THE SECOND CHIMURENGA © The Author and Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2006 Cover photo: Tord Harlin The Epsworth rocks, Zimbabwe Language checking: Peter Colenbrander ISBN 91 7106 551 2 (The Nordic Africa Institute) 1 77922 046 4 (Weaver Press) Printed in Sweden by Elanders Gotab, Stockholm, 2006 1-9.fm Page 3 Wednesday, October 26, 2005 4:57 PM Dedicated to our children's generation, who will have to build on the positive gains and to overcome the negative aspects of the past. 1-9.fm Page 4 Wednesday, October 26, 2005 4:57 PM 1-9.fm Page 5 Wednesday, October 26, 2005 4:57 PM Contents Introduction: Memoirs of a Dutiful Revolutionary Preben Kaarsholm ................................................................................................................ 7 1. Growing up in Colonial Rhodesia ...................................................... 27 2. An Undergraduate in the ‘60s ............................................................ 39 3. Teaching in the Turmoil of the Townships ................................. 46 4. In Exile in Britain ...........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Zimbabwe's Discourse of National Reconciliation
    2. Zimbabwe’s discourse of national reconciliation Rhodesia’s war concluded with the Lancaster House Constitutional Conference held in London between August and December 1979. Elections1 the following February brought Robert Mugabe into office as Prime Minister and leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front (ZANU PF). A policy of national reconciliation was part of the political settlement and, in light of this, plans for the future direction of the nation were established. Elsewhere new governments intent on employing a policy of national reconciliation ‘as the official normalisation of a previously abnormal condition’ have confronted the dilemma of ‘how to remember the unjust or criminal social order that was contested and superseded, while also working for the peaceful co-existence of hitherto antagonistic communities’ (Parry 1995:86). This tension is discussed with reference to Zimbabwe, where a policy of national reconciliation set out to address how the former colonisers and the once colonised might live together in the future—a problem predated by identities created by the racial classifications instituted during Rhodesia’s colonial era. This chapter comprises several sections. First, the terms negotiated by the government of national unity in order to achieve peace and national reconstruction are outlined and a space of new possibilities is identified that opened to the former colonists within the politics of belonging. White responses are described, together with outward indicators taken by the government to reflect their acceptance of the new social order. ‘[A] culture of reconciliation’ is not, however, based solely on the promises and expectations of political leaders (McCandless and Abitbol 1997:2).
    [Show full text]
  • Jacob Chikuhwa a Crisis of Go
    A CRISIS OF GOVERNANCE: ZIMBABWE A CRISIS OF GOVERNANCE: ZIMBABWE Jacob Chikuhwa Algora Publishing New York © 2004 by Algora Publishing. All Rights Reserved www.algora.com No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976) may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 0-87586-284-5 (softcover) ISBN: 0-87586-285-3 (hardcover) ISBN: 0-87586-286-1 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chikuhwa, Jacob W. (Jacob Wilson), 1940- A crisis of governance : Zimbabwe / Jacob Chikuhwa. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-87586-284-5 (trade paper : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-285-3 (hard cover : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-286-1 1. Zimbabwe—Politics and government—1980- I. Title. JQ2925.C47 2004 320.96891—dc22 2004006344 Printed in the United States This book is dedicated to all the people who were tortured and those who died for the liberation and for the democratic process underway in Zimbabwe. I also dedicate the book to those who are campaigning to make Zimbabwe a truly democratic society. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my wife Raisa, my son Tonderai-Wilson and his wife Assiati and my daughter Eleonora-Ngwarai, and all my friends and acquaintances who have directly or indirectly made the task of writing this book more easy, bearable and even pleasurable. These include pastors Doug and Jodi Fondell, who provided me with material and moral support when I had just returned to Sweden at the end of April 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Living the Second Chimurenga: Memories from the Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe'
    H-SAfrica Schmidt on Chung, 'Re-Living the Second Chimurenga: Memories from the Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe' Review published on Saturday, July 1, 2006 Fay Chung. Re-Living the Second Chimurenga: Memories from the Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe. Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute, 2006. 358 pp. $35.00 (paper), ISBN 978-91-7106-551-3. Reviewed by Elizabeth Schmidt (Department of History, Loyola College in Maryland) Published on H-SAfrica (July, 2006) Zimbabwe's ZANU: A Critical View from the Inside At a time when Zimbabwe is much in the news, and analyses are often oversimplified and ahistorical, Fay Chung's memoir provides welcome insight into the history of Zimbabwe's primary liberation movement and ruling party. Born into a Chinese family in Rhodesia in the 1940s, Chung was an early activist in the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), which was instrumental in bringing about Zimbabwe's independence in 1980, and has governed the country ever since. As a socialist, feminist, and intellectual, she was a member of ZANU's left wing, which was repeatedly purged prior to independence. As an educator dedicated to the democratization of education, she led the "education with production" movement in pre- independence Mozambican refugee camps and in post- independence Zimbabwe. Eventually, she became Minister of Education and Culture in the ZANU government. Disenchanted with the government's decision to embrace the structural adjustment program prescribed by international financial institutions, Chung left Zimbabwe in the early 1990s. Chung's book intersperses memories of growing up as a member of a non-white minority group in Rhodesia, with a personal and political account of the liberation movement in the 1960s and 1970s.
    [Show full text]
  • Zimbabwe's Crisis
    The Australasian Review of African Studies African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific Volume 30 Number 1 June 2009 CONTENTS Zimbabwe’s Crisis – Local and Global Contexts 3 Tanya Lyons – ARAS Editor Note from the AFSAAP President 8 David Lucas AFSAAP Conference 2009 10 Articles Zimbabwe: Retrospect and Prospect 11 Geoffrey Hawker From Comrade to His Excellency: Mugabe’s Rise to Power 26 Stephen O’Brien Episodes of Ambiguity: Steps towards Socialism in Zimbabwe, 1980-1985 49 Kate Law Weaving Paid Work, Informal Sector Work and Motherhood in Harare (Zimbabwe) : A New Arena For Research? 64 Virginia Mapedzahama ‘Discipline and Punish’: Inscribing the Body and its Metaphors in Zimbabwe’s Postcolonial Crisis 83 Kudzai Matereke Caught in the Crossfire: Writing Conflict in Two African Novels 101 Dianne Schwerdt Things Fall Apart: Culture, Anthropology, Literature 118 Russell McDougall ‘Embracing the Aussie Identity’: Theoretical Reflections on Challenges and Prospects for African-Australian Youths 129 Kudzai Matereke ARAS Vol.30 No.1 June 2009 1 Research Matters Digitising and Archiving Syliphone Recordings in Guinea 144 Graeme Counsel Book Reviews Flora Veit – Wild, Writing Madness: Borderlines of the Body in African Literature . 151 Violetta Jojo Verge Notes 153 ARAS Guidelines for Contributors 155 About AFSAAP 156 2 ARAS Vol.30 No. 1 June 2009 Zimbabwe’s Crisis – Local and Global Contexts Tanya Lyons- ARAS Editor Flinders University This special edition of the Australasian Review of African Studies on Zimbabwe comes at a time when we see a new coalition government forging ahead in an attempt to resolve Zimbabwe’s ailing economy and failing state, and it will be well into the 100 day plan attempting to re-engage with the west and create renewal for the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Representation of Political Conflict in the Zimbabwean Press: the Case of the Herald, the Sunday Mail , Daily News and the Standard, 1999-2016
    Representation of Political Conflict in the Zimbabwean Press: The Case of The Herald, The Sunday Mail , Daily News and The Standard, 1999-2016 by TEDDY MUNGWARI submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject COMMUNICATION SCIENCE at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF K B KHAN NOVEMBER 2017 1 ABSTRACT This thesis explores the representation of political conflict in the Zimbabwean press with a specific focus on the The Herald, The Sunday Mail, Daily News and The Standard. The thesis sought to unpack the representation of political conflict in the four selected newspapers and to compare and contrast state-owned and privately-owned press representation of power, succession struggles and factionalism in ZANU PF and opposition MDC. The theory is undergirded by the framing theory and data was analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis. The thesis contends that the representation of political conflict in Zimbabwe was sensational and polarized. With clearly separate agendas, the government controlled press, The Herald and The Sunday Mail; and the privately owned Daily News and The Standard , have drawn upon different framing practices to represent political conflict in Zimbabwe. By selecting to report on a particular issue and silencing another, through choice of certain headlines, and vocabulary employed, they have produced a construction of events in political parties that satisfy their political agendas in an increasingly polarized political environment. The newspapers became associated with diverging political opinions, showing political parties they support. On the one hand, the state-funded media represented ZANU PF in positive light while the opposition, particularly the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) was represented negatively, mainly depicting the party as harbouring a regime change agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • Turmoil and Tenacity: the Road to the Unity Accord
    The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. Zambezia (1991). XVIIl eii). ESSA Y REVIEW TURMOIL AND TENACITY: THE ROAD TO THE UNITY ACCORD IN 1989 A fairly thick volume entitled Turmoil and Tenacity: Zimbabwe 1890-1990, edited by the former State President of Zimbabwe, was pub- lished.! This book is unique in many ways. Besides the fact that it was edited by a former State President now turned academic,2 the contributions are written by an assortment of people from many professions - historians, lawyers, bureaucrats, political scientists, civil-rights activists - and some of Zimbabwe's high-ranking politicians such as ZANU(PF) Politburo members Nathan Shamuyarira, Didymus Mutasa and Emmerson Mnanga- gwa. Even one of Zimbabwe's Vice-Presidents, Joshua Nkomo, and President Robert Mugabe himself contributed to it. This adds to the curiosity value of the book, if not to its academic weight. In all, fifteen contributors were involved. They were chosen for their familiarity with their subject - through their intimate involvement in Zimbabwean politics, or because of the research they had carried out in their respective areas of interest, or both. The chapters in this book are uneven in size and quality, adding to variety but also to annoyance. Four chapters are very short, ranging from 3 to 7 pages; eight are slightly longer, ranging from 12 to 17 pages; another four chapters have between 25 and 35 pages; one chapter has 46 pages, and the longest has 66 pages.
    [Show full text]