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The Rutgers Network in Early Meiji Japan
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE The Rutgers Network in Early Meiji Japan Fernanda Perrone In the mid-nineteenth century, Rutgers College in New Brunswick, New Jersey, was a small private all-male institution with less than two hundred students. Founded in 1766, its original purpose was to train ministers for the Dutch Reformed Church. Only in 1855 did the college and the New Brunswick Theological Seminary become separate, although they remained neighboring and closely cooperating institutions. And only in 1864 with federal funding through the Morrill Act, did Rutgers establish a scientific school under the leadership of pioneering state geologist George H. Cook. It was to this rather obscure college, however, that some of the first ryugakusei-Japanese overseas students-came to study during the Bakumatsu period. And it was from Rutgers that some of the first oyatoi gaikokujin-foreign teachers-made their way to Japan to work under the new Meiji government. Why Rutgers? The college’s longstanding affiliation with the Dutch Reformed Church meant that the early Dutch missionaries in Japan, particularly Guido Verbeck, were familiar with Rutgers. Born in Zeist in the Netherlands in 1830, Verbeck was trained in Utrecht as an engineer before emigrating to the United States in 1852. He worked briefly as an engineer in the United States before entering Auburn Seminary in western New York. Graduating in 1859, he was commissioned in that year as one of pioneer Reformed Church missionaries bound for Japan.1 Many of the early ryugakusei initially studied with Verbeck in Nagasaki; when they sought further educational opportunities abroad he referred them to John M. -
The Meiji Restoration
Stanford Model United Nations Conference 2014 ! The Meiji Restoration ! ! ! Chair: Justin Hsuan, [email protected] CoChair: Jiabo Feng Crisis Director: Brooke Mandujano ! ! Dear Delegates, Welcome to this special committee! I hope you are as excited as I am. As you will witness first-hand, the Meiji Restoration was a dramatic turning point in Japan’s history. For that reason, many believe it to be more accurately a revolution. Please first consider the tumultuous environment of the 19th century. This was the age of rapid industrialization. Across the world populations were shifting due to urbanization, factories were displacing farms, and new markets were being created. Hungry for new consumers and the natural resources necessary, newly-industrialized nations sent emissaries overseas to search for new opportunities in foreign lands. Asia became a prime target for Western governments as Europe and the United States made inroads on countries such as India, China, and Japan. Now please consider the state of Japan at this time. Imagine a government being threatened for the first time by a Western power. Imagine an ultimatum signed by the U.S. President threatening military action to enforce open trade between Japan and the West. Imagine the numerous young and patriotic samurai witnessing their beloved nation threatened and helpless to resist. Imagine the rice farmers moving from the villages to the capital city of Edo for the first time to open up shops. Imagine wealthy merchants who still cannot gain the respect of poor peasants and impoverished samurai. I hope that is helpful to attempt to gain the mindset of the people of Japan during this fascinating and chaotic time. -
FINAL Rockford Auburn a + Cal Poly
ACF Fall 2014: Nemo auditur propriam derpitudinem allegans Packet by Rockford Auburn High School A (Mohammad Nizamuddin, Evan Pandya, Cole Timmerwilke, and Steven Vo) and Cal-Poly SLO (Jake Stone, Tristan Noack, Raymond Mullen, Andrew Palmer) Edited by Jordan Brownstein, Jacob Reed, Max Schindler, Richard Yu, and Ben Zhang Head-editing by Gautam Kandlikar and Gaurav Kandlikar Tossups 1. The speaker of this poem describes himself as “Politic, cautious, and meticulous” and “Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse” before declaring that he is “Almost, at times, the Fool”. This poem’s speaker recalls having “measured out [his] life in coffee-spoons” and asks himself “Do I dare to eat a peach?” This poem’s speaker comes to terms with being a deferential attendant lord, “glad to be of use” and his status as “not Prince Hamlet, nor...meant to be.” The speaker of this poem mentions a room in which “the women come and go talking of Michelangelo.” For 10 points, name this poem that begins, “Let us go then, you and I,” written by T.S. Eliot. ANSWER: “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” [prompt on “Prufrock”] 2. This material is used to highlight a section of a painting that is next to a “Chorus of Paradise Angels” and depicts the words “This Kiss Is For the Whole World!” This material was used for the central portion of a painting that depicts masculinity with black squares and femininity with colorful ovals. It was also used extravagantly throughout a painting that shows many eyes on the dress of Adele Bloch-Bauer. -
1 Long Live the Emperor! Legitimizing Infrastructural
Long Live the Emperor! Legitimizing Infrastructural Expansion in Meiji Japan A THESIS Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Asian Studies The Colorado College In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Arts By Dominic Alvarado May 2012 1 2 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this assignment. Signed, Dominic Jose Alvarado 3 READER APPROVAL _______________________________ This thesis project, written by Dominic Alvarado, meets the required guidelines for partial completion of the degree of Bachelor of the Arts in Asian Studies. Professor Joan Ericson Signed: _______________________________________________ Date: ________________________________________________ Professor David Gardiner Signed: _______________________________________________ Date: _________________________________________________ 4 Dedicated to my mother, Gina Arms, my father, Jose Alvarado, and my brother, Gabe Alvarado whose constant love, support, and advice has carried me throughout life. 5 6 Table of Contents Introduction 7 1: A Brief History 12 2: State Building and the Evolution of Shintōism 22 3: Shintōism and the Emperor in Education 30 Conclusion 41 Appendix 46 Works Cited 49 Introduction As I walked through the streets of Hamamatsu, Japan in February of 2010, I couldn’t help but notice the small Shintō shrines tucked away between towering buildings on either side, or next to a dilapidated factory (See Appendix, Image 1), a stark contrast of tradition and modernity. It seemed that every other block, a similar sight met my eyes, a paradox that couldn’t be avoided. Such apparent displays of old and new coexisting with one another were foreign to me; I had certainly been to the historic districts of various cities throughout the United States, but these areas always seemed to occupy their own little corner of the city - never had they been so blatantly coexistent. -
One and a Half Centuries Have Passed Since That Fateful Day When
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by D-Scholarship@Pitt THE BANSHO SHIRABESHO: A TRANSITIONAL INSTITUTION IN BAKUMATSU JAPAN by James Mitchell Hommes Bachelor of Arts, Calvin College, 1993 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The College of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Interdisciplinary Master of Arts (IDMA) in East Asian Studies University of Pittsburgh 2004 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This thesis was presented by James Mitchell Hommes It was defended on December 8, 2004 and approved by Thomas Rimer, Professor, East Asian Languages and Literature David O. Mills, Professor, East Asian Languages and Literature Richard Smethurst, Professor, History ii THE BANSHO SHIRABESHO: A TRANSITIONAL INSTITUTION IN BAKUMATSU JAPAN James M. Hommes, MA University of Pittsburgh, 2004 In the Bakumatsu period (1853-1868), Japan experienced many changes and challenges. One of these challenges was regarding how to learn from the West and how to use that knowledge in the building of Japan. One of the most important institutions for such Western learning was the Bansho Shirabesho, an institution created by the Tokugawa government in 1856 to translate Western materials, provide a school for Japanese scholars, and to censor the translations of Western works. This institution eventually gave language instruction in Dutch, English, French, German, and Russian and it also gave instruction in many other practical subjects such as military science and production. This thesis examines in detail how the Shirabesho was founded, what some of the initial difficulties were and how successful it was in accomplishing the tasks it was given. -
PACE NSC 2016 - Round 23 - Page 1 of 14
2016 NSC - Official Scoresheet Round 23 Room Bracket Reader Team Team Player Names Ques. Run. Ques. Run. Bonus Steals Bonus Steals Q# Total Score Total score 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 OT Player 20s Player 10s Point totals Final score Substitutions before Tossup 11 Substitutions before Tossup 11 Out: In: Out: In: Out: In: Out: In: Circle winning team above. Clearly mark if game goes to OT/SD. Fill out “Point totals” row completely. If there are substitutions, please note tossups by each player in “20s” and “10s” rows. Below is for Tab Room use only: RH RS BH BS Left Right BH BS RH RS PACE NSC 2016 - Round 23 - Page 1 of 14 PACE NSC 2016 - Round 23 - Tossups 1. A composer from this country played his Night in the Tropics at "monster concerts" and used the song "When the potato's baked" in his Bamboula. Another composer from this country wrote Ten Woodland Sketches, including "To a Wild Rose," while a third used folk tunes in her Gaelic Symphony. The director of a National Conservatory in this country quoted the song of the scarlet tanager in a quickly-written F major string quartet. Louis Moreau Gottschalk (Louie muh-ROW GOT-shalk), (*) Edward MacDowell, and Amy Beach are from this country. Harry Burleigh introduced this country's music to the composer of an E minor symphony whose English horn solo later became a spiritual titled "Goin' Home." For 10 points, name this country where Antonín Dvořák wrote the New World Symphony. -
Western Contributors to the Modernization of Meiji Japan: Hepburn and Verbeck
ISSN: 1500-0713 ______________________________________________________________ Article Title: Western Contributors to the Modernization of Meiji Japan: Hepburn and Verbeck Author(s): Hideo Watanabe Source: Japanese Studies Review, Vol. XIII (2014), pp. 47-65 Stable URL: https://asian.fiu.edu/projects-and-grants/japan-studies- review/journal-archive/volume-xviii-2014/watanabe-hepburn- verbeck.pdf ______________________________________________________________ WESTERN CONTRIBUTORS TO THE MODERNIZATION OF MEIJI JAPAN: HEPBURN AND VERBECK Hideo Watanabe William Paterson University The modernization of Meiji Japan was aided by two different approaches in connection with other countries. One approach was that, in order to gain a better understanding of the West, Meiji delegates visited Western countries and learned about Western civilization first hand. One purpose of the Iwakura Mission was to observe and investigate the institutions and practices of advanced countries, which would help the modernization of Japan. Iwakura and high officials, such as Okubo Toshimichi and Ito Hirobumi, visited twelve countries including the U.S., Britain, and France. Upon their return home, they reported to the Meiji Emperor, “Power of nations, people, government, religions, military are deeply rooted and many branches are growing from the root.…Thus we need to quickly establish our constitutional government, accumulate wealth of our people, otherwise the growth of civilization cannot be done.”1 The other approach for the establishment of a new nation was that many Westerners came to Japan and provided an incredible assistance to the country directly. The slogan of the Meiji government was “Enrich the country, strengthen the military,” and the government invited Western specialists to Japan with the goal of modernization on their minds. -
Japan's Historic Mission
3/22/09 Japan’s Historic Mission: Completing Fukuzawa’s Revolution The Forgotten History of Japan and the American System by Mark Calney 1. JAPAN’S HISTORIC MISSION “The relationship between China and Japan is one of common existence or extinction. Without Japan, there would be no China; without China, there would be no Japan. … Under the principle of Pan-Asianism, Japan and China can together develop the natural resources in the West of the Pacific, while under the Monroe Doctrine the United States can unify authority in the East of that ocean. ... By a concerted effort of these three Powers disarmament might some day be effected, and, going one step further, permanent peace of the world secured.” - Sun Yat-sen, The Vital Problem of China (1917) [emphasis in the original] On January 20 th of this year, humanity experienced a deep collective sigh of relief as the evil Dick Cheney and the criminally incompetent George W. Bush, Jr. were removed from control of the White House as Barrack Obama was inaugurated to become the 44 th President of the United States. The eminent threat of a British-directed U.S. attack on Iran, utilizing the loyal services of Cheney, would have widened the war in Southwest Asia to a potential global conflagration, has been stopped for the time being. Now, we find ourselves challenged by the greatest financial and economic collapse in modern history which threatens to plunge the planet into a New Dark Age. President Franklin Roosevelt fought and defeated the fascist movements of the early twentieth-century, which had been organized by the pro-fascist banking-interests of London and its junior partners on Wall Street. -
Japan in the World, the World in Japan
Japan in the World, the World in Japan Japan in the World, the World in Japan Fifty Years of Japanese Studies at Michigan Edited by the Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan The Center for Japanese Studies The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, 2001 Open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities/ Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. 2001 The Regents of the University of Michigan Published by the Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan, 202 S. Thayer St., Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1608 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Japan in the world, the world in Japan : fifty years of Japanese studies at Michigan / edited by the Center for Japanese Studies, the University of Michigan. p. cm. ISBN 0-939512-95-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Japan—Study and teaching (Higher)—United States. 2. University of Michigan. Center for Japanese Studies—History. I. University of Michigan. Center for Japanese Studies. DS834.95J318 2001 952.0071'173—dc21 00-064354 Cover design by Seiko Semones This book was set in Garamond. This publication meets the ANSI/NISO Standards for Permanence of Paper for Publications and Documents in Libraries and Archives (Z39.48-1992). Published in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-939512-95-9 (paper) ISBN 978-0-472-12796-2 (ebook) ISBN 978-0-472-90192-0 (open access) The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Contents Note on Personal Names viii Preface ix Hitomi Tonomura Opening Remarks 1 Philip H. -
Japan and Its East Asian Neighbors: Japan’S Perception of China and Korea and the Making of Foreign Policy from the Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century
JAPAN AND ITS EAST ASIAN NEIGHBORS: JAPAN’S PERCEPTION OF CHINA AND KOREA AND THE MAKING OF FOREIGN POLICY FROM THE SEVENTEENTH TO THE NINETEENTH CENTURY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Norihito Mizuno, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2004 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor James R. Bartholomew, Adviser Professor Philip C. Brown Adviser Professor Peter L. Hahn Graduate Program in History Copyright by Norihito Mizuno 2004 ABSTRACT This dissertation is a study of Japanese perceptions of its East Asian neighbors – China and Korea – and the making of foreign policy from the early seventeenth century to the late nineteenth century. Previous studies have overwhelmingly argued that after the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japan started to modernize itself by learning from the West and changed its attitudes toward those neighboring countries. It supposedly abandoned its traditional friendship and reverence toward its neighbors and adopted aggressive and contemptuous attitudes. I have no intention of arguing here that the perspective of change and discontinuity in Japan’s attitudes toward its neighbors has no validity at all; Japan did adopt Western-style diplomacy toward its neighbors, paralleling the abandonment of traditional culture which had owed much to other East Asian civilizations since antiquity. In this dissertation, through examination primarily of official and private documents, I maintain that change and discontinuity cannot fully explain the Japanese policy toward its East Asian neighbors from the early seventeenth to the late nineteenth century. The Japanese perceptions and attitudes toward China and ii Korea had some aspects of continuity. -
A Trans-Pacific Clash? the Role of Diplomatic Missions
A TRANS-PACIFIC CLASH? THE ROLE OF DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS IN EARLY U.S.–JAPAN RELATIONS by Michael William Jones, B.A. A thesis submitted to the Graduate Council of Texas State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with a Major in History December 2020 Committee Members: Ellen Tillman, Chair Peter Siegenthaler Thomas Alter COPYRIGHT by Michael William Jones 2020 FAIR USE AND AUTHOR’S PERMISSION STATEMENT Fair Use This work is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, section 107). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgement. Use of this material for financial gain without the author’s express written permission is not allowed. Duplication Permission As the copyright holder of this work I, Michael William Jones, authorize duplication of this work, in whole or in part, for educational or scholarly purposes only. DEDICATION For Barbara Elizabeth Swyryn, Anne Cale Jones, Miss Kitty, Charli, Bingley, and Wilson Andrew Jones ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I first began to seriously consider studying Japanese history as an undergraduate at St. Edward’s University in Austin, Texas. The late professor Cecil Lawson planted the initial spark within me through his clear enthusiasm for Japanese culture and love for the Japanese people, which he displayed in his freshman studies class “Sword, Silk, and Silicon.” This interest was nurtured by professor Holly Holliday, my Japanese language instructor at St. Edward’s, who opened my mind to one of the world’s most complex and beautiful languages and, in turn, to the entire country of Japan. -
4464 Hayashi.Pdf
Hayashi, Makiko (2016) Constructing the legal profession in modern Japan. PhD thesis. SOAS University of London. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/26667 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Constructing the Legal Profession in Modern Japan Makiko HAYASHI Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2016 Department of the Languages and Cultures of Japan & Korea SOAS, University of London 1 Abstract This thesis seeks to clarify features in the formation of the modern Japanese legal profession, with particular reference to the development of the judicial system and legal practice. In the early Meiji period legal practice in Japan was carried out by two groups: qualified lawyers, many of whom were former samurai who tended to focus their attention on politics and the social movements of the day, and non-credentialed legal practitioners, who conducted much of the practical day-to-day representation of clients. The continuity of the legal profession and its practices from the Edo era into the Meiji era and the Westernisation of Japan’s judicial systems had established this dual system of qualified and non-credentialed practitioners, as well as hybridised court processes which utilised both adjudication and conciliation procedures.