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The Important Record of Monolexis Fuscicornis Forster, 1862 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Turkey with Notes on Trogoxylon Impressum (Comoli, 1837)

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The Important Record of Monolexis Fuscicornis Forster, 1862 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Turkey with Notes on Trogoxylon Impressum (Comoli, 1837) DOI: 10.2478/cerce-2018-0030 Original Article Available online: www.uaiasi.ro/CERCET_AGROMOLD/ Print ISSN 0379-5837; Electronic ISSN 2067-1865 Cercetări Agronomice în Moldova Vol. LI , No. 3 (175) / 2018: 125-130 THE IMPORTANT RECORD OF MONOLEXIS FUSCICORNIS FORSTER, 1862 (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE, DORYCTINAE) IN TURKEY WITH NOTES ON TROGOXYLON IMPRESSUM (COMOLI, 1837) İ. ÖZGEN 1,*, A. BEYARSLAN2, E. RUIZZER3, A. TOPDEMİR1 *E-mail: [email protected] Received: May 26, 2018. Revised: Jul. 30, 2018. Accepted: Sep. 19, 2018. Published online: July 17, 2019 ABSTRACT In the present paper, in fig tree plantations in Turkey. This Monolexis fuscicornis Förster, 1862 interaction could have significant (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) implication in biodiversity conservation is recorded in Turkey for the second time and pest management. Hence, this new and it is documented as parasitoid of parasitoid-host interaction on fig plants Trogoxylon impressum (Comolli, 1837) has highly significance in pest manage- (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), firstly pest T. ment and biocontrol, because it is thought impressum (Comolli, 1837) record on fig that the damage will increase in the plants. This damage to the fig plant and future. nutritional behavior with exit holes was observed for the first time with this work. Keywords: parasitoid; new record; Middle In additionally, this record was firstly East; Ficus carica; host; biocontrol; pest reported in the Southeast Anatolia region management. of the pest. Harmful has the potential to cause significant damage to fig plants INTRODUCTION over the years. It is necessary to studies whether the natural enemy detected on the Doryctinae is one of the most pest is under the pressure of this pest. specified subfamilies in Braconidae In this study, M. fuscicornis (Shenefelt and Marsh, 1976). Most Förster,1862 is recognised as larva-pupa Doryctinae species for which the parasitoid of T. impressum, important pest biology is known are idiobiont ecto- 1 Fırat Univesity, Engineering Faculty, Bioengineering Department, Elazığ, Turkey 2 Bitlis Eren University, Biology Department, Turkey 3 World Biodiversity Association onlus c/o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Lungadige Porta Vittoria, Verona, Italia 125 Unauthentifiziert | Heruntergeladen 01.09.19 09:24 UTC İ. ÖZGEN, A. BEYARSLAN, E. RUIZZER, A. TOPDEMİR parasitoids of several wood-boring piece of wood (Bahillo de la Puebla beetle larvae (Marsh, 1997; Yu et al., et al., 2007). In Turkey, only few 2012). species of Braconidae have been Doryctine species are parasitoids reported as natural enemies of of bark beetles, pest in agriculture and plantation pests; Güçlü and Özbek forest context, playing a fundamental (2011) recognised Eubazus (Eubazus) role in pests control (Shaw and pallipes as para-site of Lyctus Huddleston, 1991). brunneus, L. linearis, L. planicollis, At the moment, 67 species are (Coleoptera: Bostrichi-dae). However, reported for Turkey (Beyarslan and no species have been recorded, as Aydogdu, 2013; Beyarslan, 2015). natural enemies of the T. impressum Monolexis fuscicornis Förster, 1862 is on fig plants. In this study, recorded in Turkey for the second M. fuscicornis Förster, 1862 is time and it was recognised as recognised as larva-pupa parasitoid of parasitoid of Trogoxylon impressum T. impressum, important pest in fig (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). The family tree plantations in Turkey. This of the Lyctidae comprises worldwide interaction could have significant approximately 75 species of small, implication in biodiversity conserva- brownish beetle, which exist on dry tion and pest management. material, such as wood, stored grain, herbs and roots (Ross, 1952). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Lyctidae are also known as powderpost beetles (Halperin and Sampling campaign was carried out Geis, 1999). T. impressum parasites between February and July, both in 2016 several trees and shrubs species, such and 2017. Perennial fig trees, dying as Acacia albida, Ceramnia siliqua, because of the parasites, were cut and Cercis siliquastrum, Dalbergia sissoo, reduced into pieces. Wood pieces were stored in emergence chambers. Ficus carica, Ficus intusa, Ficus The rearing procedure was carried sycomorus, Mangifera indica, Pistacia out between February 15, 2016 and July lentiscus, Pistacia vera, Punica 30, 2017. Wood samples were checked granatum, Quercus calliprinos, weekly and the emerging individuals were Junglans sp., Populus (Salicaceae), collected. T. impressum pupation chambers Vitis vinifera, Schinus terebinthifolius, were marked, emergence holes of both Zizyphus spin addition to Eucalyptus external barks of the plant, through which spp. in Israel and the other countries adult T. impressum and M. fuscicornis (Adlbauer 1998; Halperin and Geis, were photographed microscope and 1999; Bahillo de la Puebla et al., recorded. 2007; Baena and Zuzarte, 2013), and is presumably polyphagous. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The larvae feed preferentially in dry sapwood, and several generations Trogoxylon impressum (Comolli, may succeed each other in the same 1837) and the parasitoid Monolexis fuscicornis Förster, 1862 were 126 Unauthentifiziert | Heruntergeladen 01.09.19 09:24 UTC THE IMPORTANT RECORD OF M. FUSCICORNIS IN TURKEY WITH NOTES ON T. IMPRESSUM obtained during 2017; no parasitoid Turkey only for Antalya (Anonymous, species were detected on this species 2017). in the previous year. Distribution: Mediterranean region, Middle East, Turkmenistan, Trogoxylon impressum, Comolli, 1837 Caucasus. Introduced into USA, Material examined: Diyarbakır, Argentina and Turkey (Antalya) Eğil, Turkey, 28.04.2017, 20 spec. (Anonymous, 2017; Hagstrum and Ficus carica, ex larvae, Leg. Özgen. Subramanyam, 2009; Gerberg, 1957). Note: species so far recorded on Figure 1 - Trogoxylon impressum Comolli, 1837 Remarks: See feeding of the inner parts and the white dust it species around the exit holes on the secretes (Fig. 2). This dust is also outer bark of the fig plant and the found on the elytra of this species. Figure 2 - Feeding and powder on Ficus carica plant upper and inner shell of powderpost beetle Trogoxylon impressum Comolli, 1837. 127 Unauthentifiziert | Heruntergeladen 01.09.19 09:24 UTC İ. ÖZGEN, A. BEYARSLAN, E. RUIZZER, A. TOPDEMİR Monolexis fuscicornis, Förster, 1862 head transverse, vertex transversely (Fig. 3). rugose, antennae 25-segmented, first Material examined: Diyarbakır, flagellar segment shorter than 2nd Eğil, Turkey, 30.06.2017, 3 exc. Ficus segment, mesonotum with dense carica, leg. Özgen. granulose sculpture, radial cell of Distribution: Düzce (Yalçın et forewing not reduced, recurrent vein al., 2017). In this species, host, host postfurcal, nervulus almost interstitial, food, biology and general first abdominal tergite slightly longer distributions obtained up to now are than its width at apex, only 1st and 2nd given below. abdominal tergites, except for their Diagnosis: body length: 3.3 mm, apices, longitudinally rugose, body antenna length 2.75 mm, forewing color brownish yellow; eyes black, length: 2.8 mm mesosoma length: wings membrane hyaline, pterosigma 1.1 mm, metasoma length: 1.75 mm, and veins dark. ovipositor sheath length: 2.3 mm, Figure 3 - Monolexis fuscicornis Förster,1862 Host species: Amphicerus Lyctus brunneus [host plant: bimaculatus [host plant: Punica Xanthophyllum macintyrrii]; Lyctus granatum]; Chaetoptelius vestitus linearis; Lyctus parallelocollis [host [host plant: Pistacia vera]; plant: Eucalyptus maculata]; Lyctus Enneadesmus trispinosus [host plant: planicollis; Mesosa curculionoides; Tamarix sp.]; Heterobostrychus Minthea rugicollis; Phloeotribus brunneus [host plant: Triplochiton scarabaeoides [host plant: Ceratonia scleroxylon]; Laemophloeus capensis; siliqua]; Scobicia chevrieri [host 128 Unauthentifiziert | Heruntergeladen 01.09.19 09:24 UTC THE IMPORTANT RECORD OF M. FUSCICORNIS IN TURKEY WITH NOTES ON T. IMPRESSUM plant:Ceratonia siliqua, Pistacia REFERENCES vera]; Scobicia pustulata; Sinoxylon ceratoniae [Cercis siliquastram]; Anonymous (2017) https://www.flickr.com /photos/30703260@N08/24968105 Sinoxylon sexdentatum; Sternidius 786. Date: 01.08.2017. alpha [host plant: Robinia Anonymous (2018). Fauna Europaea pseudoacacia]; Trogoxylon; https://fauna-eu.org. Date: Trogoxylon parallelopipedum. 01.01.2018. Adlbauer, K. (1998). Die Splintholzkäferfauna der General distribution: Argentina, Steiermark (Coleoptera, Lyctidae). Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Mitteilungen Landesmuseum Bulgaria, Canada, Costa Rica, Check Joanneum, Zoologie, 51: 55-58. Republic, France, Georgia, Germany, Baena, M. & Zuzarte, A.J. (2013). Contribución al estudio de los Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Bostríquidos de Portugal y Malaysia, Spain, Tunisia, Turkme- actualización del catálogo de la nistan, United Kingdom, U.S.A. fauna ibérica (Coleoptera, (Anonymous, 2018). Bostrichidae). Zoologica baetica, 24: 25-51. Bahillo de la Puebla, P., López-Colón, CONCLUSIONS J.I. & Baena, M. (2007). Los Bostrichidae Latreille, 1802 de la In view of results, this record fauna íbero-balear (Coleoptera). was firstly record in the Southeast Heteropterus Revista de Entomologia, 7: 147-227. Anatolia region of the pest. Harmful Beyarslan, A. & Aydogdu, M. (2013). has the potential to cause significant Additions to the rare species of damage to fig plants over the years. It Braconidae fauna (Hymenoptera: is necessary to studies whether the Braconidae) from Turkey. natural enemy focused on the pest is Mun.Ent.Zool., 8: 369-374. Beyarslan, A. (2015). A faunal study
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