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The Role of the Army in the Rejuvenation of Ulsoor Lake

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The Role of the Army in the Rejuvenation of Ulsoor Lake Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change THE ROLE OF THE ARMY IN THE REJUVENATION OF ULSOOR LAKE Meher Randhawa and Parveen Bharmal 3rd year, BCZ students Christ University; Bangalore-56002 E-Mail: [email protected] Dr. P.U.Antoney Head, Department of Zoology Christ University; Bangalore-560029 SYNOPSIS Bangalore is known as the city of lakes. Today, when pollution and human activities seem to infiltrate all walks of life, it is necessary to preserve our ecosystem. Ulsoor Lake is one of the well known lakes in Bangalore city. Located in the Eastern part of Bangalore, in the Challgatta Valley covering an area of 41.5 Hectares and a perimeter of 3.1 Km. The average depth of water is 1.5m and it is fed by Munireddy Palya drain and Doddakunte drain, the outlet is through Gurudwara Challgatta main SWD to Bellandur tank. Known not just for its extensive biodiversity but also for its boating activities and children’s park. Not very long ago, Ulsoor Lake was the dumping ground for all sorts of waste and hazardous materials. Now with the help of the Madras Sappers of the M.E.G (Madras Engineering Group) it has been rejuvenated and given a new life. STUDY AREA Ulsoor Lake is one of the larger water bodies which abounded in and around Bangalore City which added to the Garden City’s beauty and climate. It also served to hold water during flash floods thus reducing inundation of low lying areas of Ulsoor besides serving as watermanship training for the Army’s Corps of Engineers used to bring in rain water during the rainy season have become carriers of sewage from a number of slums which have sprung up along the storm water drains upstream of the lake as well as overflow of sewage from sewage lines which are laid along and below the bed of the drains and their manholes. The status of the lake was deplorable and during the rainy season it was not only a source of mosquito breeding but also a major source of stench which affects thousands of people who live within a radius of a km of the lake. Over a period of time solid waste and sewage water had found its way into the lake leading to tremendous amount of its pollution, which subsequently lead to silting and growth of hyacinth which rapidly covered the greater part of the lake. The lake receives supply of water from two secondary storm water drains, one originating from Munireddy Palya and the other from Jeevanhalli Doddkunte areas. The lake has two outlets, one on its south-eastern corner near the Gurudwara and other on its south-western corner in front of R.B.N.A.M.S College. The Horticulture Department of BMP is developing the strip of land between the bank and Kensington road as a park. The Fisheries Dept. also uses the lake for aquaculture and promotion of marine life. During festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi and Vijaydashami, idols are immersed in the lake. 22nd-24th December 2010 Page 1 Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change 22nd-24th December 2010 Page 2 Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change METHODOLOGY Objective of study: 1. To identify the specific causes of pollution that existed in Ulsoor Lake. 2. To acknowledge the Role of the Army (M.E.G) Madras Engineering Group of the Madras Sappers and other organisations such as the LDA (Lake Development Authority) and BBMP in the rejuvenation of Ulsoor Lake. 3. To highlight specific remedial measures that has worked over time in restoring the integrity of Ulsoor Lake. On recommendation of Major General Jose Manavalan, we met Col.Jadeja of the M.E.G. He introduced us to Superintendent Deepak Berry, who was directly in charge of the Rejuvenation of the lake, who gave us a lot of information about the role of the Army in the restoration of Ulsoor Lake. The Bangalore Mahanagara Palike, the project implementation authority has studied the recommendations, technical reports from various agencies and carried out required investigations/studies to formulate the Detailed Project Report for execution purposes. On meeting with Mr. Satish Kumar, Chief Engineer of the BBMP, we learnt that the BBMP also had a hand in the rejuvenation of Ulsoor Lake. BBMP has formulated the project to restore the Ulsoor Lake to clean conditions and to prevent further deterioration of the tank along with the improvement of recreation facilities. The BBMP last inspected the lake on 30th July 2009 and the status of the lake was inferred as polluted. The LDA (Lake Development Authority) works solely for the regeneration and conservation of lakes in and around Bangalore city. After meeting with the Chief Forest Conservator, Mr.C.V.Singh, we got a clear idea of the role that the LDA played in the restoration of Ulsoor Lake. RESULT The Lake Development Authority is an autonomous regulatory, planning and policy body for protection, conservation, reclamation, restoration, regeneration and integrated development of lakes, whether natural or man-made in the State of Karnataka. The Authority has launched public awareness campaigns in order to sensitize people and the citizens of 22nd-24th December 2010 Page 3 Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change Bangalore towards these lakes. The Authority has also co-ordinated with Bangalore Development Authority, Bangalore Mahanagara Palike, Karnataka Forest Department, Minor Irrigation Department and other related departments to take up lake conservation works in such lakes as controlled by them. The remedial measures that have worked over a period of time in the restoration of Ulsoor Lake were: · The construction of silt traps and screen barriers · Dewatering and De-silting of the Lake · Construction of a Diversion Bund · Circular Inspection Chambers · Reconstruction of Bridge across the SWD entering the Lake on Kensington road · Construction of Idol Immersion Tank 22nd-24th December 2010 Page 4 Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change 22nd-24th December 2010 Page 5 Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) is the administrative body responsible for the civic and infrastructural assets of the city of Bangalore, India. The BBMP has implemented various projects for the rejuvenation of Ulsoor Lake which include construction of side walks, development of parks and cleaning of the lake. They have also carried out various studies with respect to water quality measures, topographical surveys etc. Various studies carried out by them are: Topographical Survey Topographical survey has been carried out using total stations. The existing features like extent of lake, water body, lake structure, islands, trees and other details are captured. Levels for various structures such as inlets, outlets, bunds, adjoining roads and other important existing features are noted and are presented in concept plan. Depth Sounding The depth sounding to determine the depth of existing water in lake has been carried out by MEG, Bangalore. Sounding has been carried out on 30 m grid represented in sounding survey. Water Quality Analysis SL NO CHARACTERISTICS A B C D E 1 Dissolved oxygen (mg/l) 6 5 4 4 - 2 BOD 2 3 3 - - 3 Total coliform 50 500 5000 - - organisms(MPN/100ml) 4 PH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.9 6.5-8.5 06/08/05 5 Free ammonia - - - 1.2 - (mg/ml) 6 Electrical conductivity - - - - 2250 7 Sodium absorption ratio - - - - 26 8 Boron (mg/l) - - - - 2 9 Sulphates 400 - 400 0 1000 10 Nitrates 20 - 50 - - 22nd-24th December 2010 Page 6 Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change A- Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection B- Out door bathing organised C- Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection D- Propagation of wildlife, fisheries E- Irrigation, industrial cooling, controlled waste disposal Table 1: Primary water quality criteria for various uses laid down by central pollution board Measurement of Dry Weather Sewage/Wastewater Flow into the Lake As the quality of dry weather flow of sewage flowing into the tank from secondary storm water drain starting at Doddakunte is not significant, measurement has been carried out only for the flo of SSWD that starts from Munireddy Palya. The flow measurement has been taken on the upstream of the tank. Narrow crested pre fabricated MS weir (rectangular) plate of 6mm thick of size 2m was used for flow measurement. Care was taken to locate the weir at straight reach of the drain behind the existing weid of about 50 m. Madras Engineer Group (MEG) (Informal: Madras Sappers) are a regiment of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. The Madras Sappers draw their origin from the erstwhile Madras Presidency army of the British Raj. This regiment has its HQ in Bangalore. The Madras Sappers are the oldest regiment of the Corps of Engineers. In May 2001, the madras sappers took on the task of the de-weeding ulsoor lake. Starting on a Saturday, 4000 sappers got down to it. The hyacinth was cut and paddle boats brought it to shore with help of booms. By the end of the day, more than 600 truck loads of hyacinth had been removed. The lake breathed again. The picturesque ulsoor lake is a pride of the garden city and now gives relief in the form of fresh air and a place to relax to many citizens of Bangalore. Presently the lake is under the care and maintenance of the Bangalore City Corporation and Madras Sappers. A workshop in cleaning of Ulsoor Lake was organised under the aegis of GMM, an NGO working for improvement of the environment. The aspects highlighted were the causes of pollution, capacity of sewage drains and the pollution of drains.
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