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Environmental Impact Assessment (Draft) Vol Environmental Impact Assessment (Draft) Vol. 3 of 6 June 2020 India: Bengaluru Metro Rail Project Phase 2B (Airport Metro Line) KR Puram to Kempegowda International Airport Prepared by Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (BMRCL), India for the Asian Development Bank. NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of India and its agencies ends on 31 March. “FY” before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY2019 ends on 31 March 2019. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Environmental Impact Assessment - KR Puram to KIA Section of BMRCL Figure 4- 20: Vibration Monitoring Locations 150. The predominant frequencies and amplitude of the vibration depend on many factors including suspension system of operating vehicles, soil type and stratification, traffic time peak/non-peak hours, distance from the road and type of building and the effects of these factors are interdependent. Threshold limit (upper limit) has been set to 0.5 mm/s. The impact load generated ground vibrations that are predominant at the natural vibration frequencies of the soil/structures for the monitored locations are given in the Table4-10 below. The operating traffic such as buses and trucks on the Outer Ring Road and Airport road were the predominant source of vibration. Table 4- 10: Results of Vibration Monitoring Sl. Maximum Station Code Location No. Value (mm/s) 1. VM6 Motherhood Hospital 3.32 mm/s 2. VM7 Manyata Tech Park < 0.5 3. VM8 Columbia Asia Hospital Hebbal 1.82 mm/s 4. VM9 Cytecare Cancer Hospital, < 0.5 5. VM10 Chikkajala Fort 1.71 mm/s Phase 2B(Airport Metro Line) 76 Environmental Impact Assessment - KR Puram to KIA Section of BMRCL Figure 4- 21: Photographs of Vibration Monitoring Locations VM6–Near Motherhood Hospital VM7–NearManyata Tech Park VM 8 –NearColumbia Asia Hospital Hebbal Phase 2B(Airport Metro Line) 77 Environmental Impact Assessment - KR Puram to KIA Section of BMRCL VM 9–Near Cytecare Cancer Hospital VM 10 – Near Chikkajala Fort 151. Based on the results of the vibration monitoring, the ground vibrations during monitoring period were below typical threshold limits and no waveforms were recorded except at VM06,VM08 and VM10 recorded maximum value of 3.32, 1.82 and 1.71 milli meter/second, respectively. The predominant source of vibrations is due to passing commuter traffic which includes buses, trucks and commercial delivery vehicles. Among all the monitored locations VM 10 Chikkajala Fort is the most sensitive to vibrations, as structure is ancient uncemented structure which needs proper protection from vibrations generated from project construction activities and metro trains operation. G. Water Environment 152. No major rivers run through the Bengaluru city, though the Arkavathi and South Pennar cross paths at the Nandi Hills, 60 km to the north. River Vrishabhavathi, a minor tributary of the Arkavathi, arises within the city at Basavanagudi and flows through the city. The rivers Arkavathi and Vrishabhavathi together carry much of Bengaluru's sewage. There are two major river basins in the district namely Cauvery and South Pennar. Shimsha and Kanva River of the Cauvery basin is draining majority of the district and Anekal taluk is drained by South Pennar River of Ponnaiyar basin, which takes its birth from Nandi hills and flows towards south. 153. The city has major freshwater lakes and water tanks such as Madivala tank, Hebbal Lake, Ulsoor lake, Bellandur lake, Varthur lake, Sankey Tank, Agara Lake, Ibbalur Lake, Nekkundhi Lake (Mahadevapura Lake), B Naranyanpura Lake, and Benneganahalli Lake. Groundwater occurs in silty to sandy layers of alluvial sediments and jointed quartzite. Presently, none of the lakes within Bengaluru serve as ecological habitat for avian and aquatic fauna. Most of the lakes in Bengaluru have been transformed from ecological habitats and community resources valued for water and cultural services, to urban recreational spaces used largely for jogging and walking as a consequence of urbanization. 154. Realizing the importance of waterbodies and the need for preservation and restoration of lakes, the Government transferred these lakes from Minor Irrigation Department to the Forest Department. Recently it is proposed to hand over all the lakes within Bengaluru city to BBMP. The detail on lakes as per the Lake Development Working Circle of the Forest Department is given in Table 4-11and the details of water bodies located adjacent to the metro alignment is given in Table 4-12 below. Table 4- 11: Abstract of Lakes / Tanks under Bengaluru Urban (Forest) Division Sl. Name of the Range Number of Extent No. / Unit Tanks In Ha 1 Bengaluru town unit 17 306.96 Phase 2B(Airport Metro Line) 78 Environmental Impact Assessment - KR Puram to KIA Section of BMRCL Sl. Name of the Range Number of Extent No. / Unit Tanks In Ha 2 Banashankari unit 17 170.45 3 Rajajinagar unit 16 117.77 4 Tree unit 7 51.78 5 Kaggali pura range 7 54.97 6 K.R.Puram town unit 25 470.69 7 Ulsoor Unit 31 343.17 8 Yelahanka Range 6 60.30 Total 126 1576.09 Table 4- 12: Details of alignment passing near water bodies, lakes, rajakaluve, etc. Distance from Sl. Chainage LHS / Water bodies / Lakes Metro No. (Km) RHS alignment (m) 1 Beninganahalli Lake 0+000 to 0+800 RHS 30 2 Chalkere Lake 4+500 to 4+750 RHS 170 3 Pond 7+000 to 7+200 LHS 30 4 Nagavara Lake 9+000 to 10+100 RHS 50 5 Drain 10+300 both sides 25 6 Hebbal Lake 11+500 to 11+700 LHS 140 7 Pond 16+500 to 16+750 LHS 100 8 Hunasemaranahalli Lake 22+300 to 22+800 LHS 65 9 Pond 25+200 to 25+400 LHS 80 10 Lake near Chikkajala 26+600 to 26+700 LHS 70 155. Benniganahalli Lake: Benniganahalli lake is located at the end of Phase 2A and start of Phase 2B metro corridors. The lake was developed by the Bengaluru Development Authority (BDA) two decades ago and handed over the lake to BBMP in 2016. The lake is spread over around 45 acres located near residential layouts such as Pai Layout. Benniganahalli was a favourite destination for morning and evening walkers. The developed portion of the lake has good water quality whereas the undeveloped portion is polluted with sewage from nearby layouts. In January 2018 BBMP took up the task of cleaning the lake by dredging, desilting and weed removal and constructed a channel to divert the sewage flow. This year, the lake is filled up with water from good monsoon received last year. 156. Challakere: Challakere lake is located 175 m away from Phase 2B metro corridor on right hand side. Thelake is spread over an area of 38 acres. Challakere is part of the Yellamallappa Chetty lake series within Hebbal Valley, overflowing into the downstream Ramapura Lake and eventually Yellamallappa Chetty Lake. There is no sewage treatment plant (STP) within the lake premises but there exists a wetland on the northeast corner of the lake which somewhat performs the STP function. Wastewater flows through two inlets into this wetland from the northeast direction which then enters into the lake through a culvert. KSPCB water analysis report on the lake water finds it to be below ‘E’ Class which is fit for irrigation, industrial cooling after disinfection and the controlled waste disposal only. Untreated sewage disposal into the lake is said to be the reason for this. 157. Nagavara: Nagavara lake is situated in the ORR and is spread across an area of 56 hectares. Lumbini Gardens park is recently developed adjacent to the lake adding to its natural beauty. One side (east) of the lake attracts children and visitors but the other half of the lake (west) is covered with water hyacinth and polluted with sewage inflow. There was a proposal in Comprehensive Development Plan to develop park and open space and turn this water body into a tourist spot. The portion of the lake is being maintained under public private partnership model. Efforts have been made by Lake Development Authority to stop sewage from entering the lake and growth of weeds. The part which is accessible for public is maintained well but the rest is neglected and eutrophic in nature. Phase 2B(Airport Metro Line) 79 Environmental Impact Assessment - KR Puram to KIA Section of BMRCL 158. Hebbal Lake: Hebbal Lake is located on NH 7 where the proposed metro corridor passes. The Lake is spread over 192 acres and has a single water inlet channel. Upstream are the HMT layout, Tata Nagar and Vidyaranyapura and downstream is Nagavara Lake and Manyata Tech Park. The Lake is putrefied and covered with water hyacinth. With the help of funds and efforts from local residents and the Forest Department, the water quality has been revived to some extent. This was achieved by building diversion canal for sewage downstream to bypass the lake. Wetland system was also created within the Hebbal Lake. This helps in the biological purification of lakes by hydrophytic plants which absorb dissolved pollutants and toxins.
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