Media and Communication in the Chinese Diaspora
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Media and Communication in the Chinese Diaspora The rise of China has brought about a dramatic increase in the rate of migration from mainland China. At the same time, the Chinese government has embarked on a full-scale push for the internationalization of Chinese media and culture. Media and communication have therefore become crucial factors in shaping the increasingly fraught politics of transnational Chinese communities. This book explores the changing nature of these communities and reveals their dynamic and complex relationship to the media in a range of countries worldwide. Overall, the book highlights a number of ways in which China’s “going global” policy interacts with other factors in sig- nificantly reshaping the content and contours of the diasporic Chinese media landscape. In doing so, this book constitutes a major rethinking of Chinese transnationalism in the twenty-first century. Wanning Sun is Professor of Media and Communication Studies at the University of Technology, Sydney. John Sinclair is an Honorary Professorial Fellow at the University of Melbourne. Media, Culture and Social Change in Asia Series Series Editor: Stephanie Hemelryk Donald, University of Liverpool Editorial Board: Gregory N. Evon, University of New South Wales Devleena Ghosh, University of Technology, Sydney Peter Horsfield, RMIT University, Melbourne Chris Hudson, RMIT University, Melbourne K.P. Jayasankar, Unit for Media and Communications, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Bombay Michael Keane, Queensland University of Technology Tania Lewis, RMIT University, Melbourne Vera Mackie, University of Melbourne Kama Maclean, University of New South Wales Jane Mills, University of New South Wales Anjali Monteiro, Unit for Media and Communications, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Bombay Laikwan Pang, Chinese University of Hong Kong Gary Rawnsley, Aberystwyth University Ming-yeh Rawnsley, University of Leeds Jo Tacchi, RMIT University, Melbourne Adrian Vickers, University of Sydney Jing Wang, MIT Ying Zhu, City University of New York The aim of this series is to publish original, high-quality work by both new and established scholars in the West and the East, on all aspects of media, culture and social change in Asia. 1 Television Across Asia 3 Cultural Control and Television industries, programme Globalization in Asia formats and globalisation Copyright, piracy Edited by Albert Moran and and cinema Michael Keane Laikwan Pang 2 Journalism and Democracy in Asia 4 Conflict, Terrorism and the Edited by Angela Romano and Media in Asia Michael Bromley Edited by Benjamin Cole 5 Media and the Chinese Diaspora 14 Tamil Cinema Community, communications The cultural politics of India’s and commerce other film industry Edited by Wanning Sun Edited by Selvaraj Velayutham 6 Hong Kong Film, Hollywood and 15 Popular Culture in Indonesia the New Global Cinema Fluid identities in No film is an island post-authoritarian politics Edited by Gina Marchetti and Edited by Ariel Heryanto Tan See Kam 16 Television in India 7 Media in Hong Kong Satellites, politics and Press freedom and political cultural change change 1967–2005 Edited by Nalin Mehta Carol P. Lai 17 Media and Cultural 8 Chinese Documentaries Transformation in China From dogma to polyphony Haiqing Yu Yingchi Chu 18 Global Chinese Cinema 9 Japanese Popular Music The culture and politics of hero Culture, authenticity and power Edited by Gary D. Rawnsley and Carolyn S. Stevens Ming-Yeh T. Rawnsley 10 The Origins of the Modern 19 Youth, Society and Mobile Chinese Press Media in Asia The influence of the Protestant Edited by Stephanie Hemelryk missionary press in late Donald, Theresa Dirndorfer Qing China Anderson and Damien Spry Xiantao Zhang 20 The Media, Cultural Control and 11 Created in China Government in Singapore The great new leap forward Terence Lee Michael Keane 21 Politics and the Media in 12 Political Regimes and Twenty-First Century Indonesia the Media in Asia Edited by Krishna Sen and Edited by Krishna Sen and David T. Hill Terence Lee 22 Media, Social Mobilization 13 Television in and Mass Protests in Post-Reform China Post-colonial Hong Kong Serial dramas, Confucian leadership The power of a critical event and the global television market Francis L. F. Lee and Ying Zhu Joseph M. Chan 23 HIV/AIDS, Health and the 32 Rumor and Communication in Media in China Asia in the Internet Age Imagined immunity through Edited by Greg Dalziel racialized disease Johanna Hood 33 Genders and Sexualities in Indonesian Cinema 24 Islam and Popular Culture in Constructing gay, lesbi and waria Indonesia and Malaysia identities on screen Edited by Andrew N. Weintraub Ben Murtagh 25 Online Society in China 34 Contemporary Chinese Creating, celebrating, and Print Media instrumentalising the Cultivating middle class taste online carnival Yi Zheng Edited by David Kurt Herold and Peter Marolt 35 Culture, Aesthetics and Affect in Ubiquitous Media 26 Rethinking Transnational The prosaic image Chinese Cinemas Helen Grace The Amoy-dialect film industry in Cold War Asia 36 Democracy, Media and Law in Jeremy E. Taylor Malaysia and Singapore A space for speech 27 Film in Contemporary Edited by Andrew T. Kenyon, Tim Southeast Asia Marjoribanks and Amanda Whiting Cultural interpretation and social intervention 37 Indonesia-Malaysia Relations Edited by David C. L. Lim Cultural heritage, politics and and Hiroyuki Yamamoto labour migration Marshall Clark and Juliet Pietsch 28 China’s New Creative Clusters Governance, human capital, 38 Chinese and Japanese Films on and investment the Second World War Michael Keane Edited by King-fai Tam, Timothy Y. Tsu and Sandra Wilson 29 Media and Democratic Transition in South Korea 39 New Chinese-Language Ki-Sung Kwak Documentaries Ethics, subject and place 30 The Asian Cinema Experience Kuei-fen Chiu and Yingjin Zhang Styles, spaces, theory Stephen Teo 40 K-pop – The International Rise of the Korean Music Industry 31 Asian Popular Culture Edited by JungBong Choi and Edited by Anthony Y. H. Fung Roald Maliangkay 41 China Online 43 Television Histories in Asia Locating society in Issues and contexts online spaces Edited by Jinna Tay and Edited by Peter Marolt and Graeme Turner David Kurt Herold 44 Media and Communication 42 Multimedia Stardom in in the Chinese Diaspora Hong Kong Rethinking transnationalism Image, performance and identity Edited by Wanning Sun and Leung Wing-Fai John Sinclair This page intentionally left blank Media and Communication in the Chinese Diaspora Rethinking transnationalism Edited by Wanning Sun and John Sinclair Add Add Add Add Add AddAdd AddAdd AddAdd First published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2016 selection and editorial material, Wanning Sun and John Sinclair; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Wanning Sun and John Sinclair to be identified as author of the editorial material, and of the individual authors as authors of their contributions, has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Media and communication in the Chinese diaspora : rethinking transnationalism / edited by Wanning Sun and John Sinclair. pages cm. – (Media, culture and social change in Asia) 1. Mass media- -China. 2. China- -Emigration and immigration. I. Sun, Wanning, 1963- editor. P92.C6M43 2015 302.2300951- -dc23 2015006157 ISBN: 978-1-138-85940-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-71726-5 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by Taylor & Francis Books Contents List of illustrations xi List of contributors xii Abbreviations xv Introduction: rethinking Chinese diasporic media 1 WANNING SUN AND JOHN SINCLAIR 1 “New Migrants” from the PRC and the Transformation of Chinese Media: the case of Cambodia 15 NYÍRI PÁL 2 The Conundrum of the “Honorary Whites”: media and being Chinese in South Africa 32 WANNING SUN 3 An Overseas Orthodoxy?: shifting toward Pro-PRC Media in Chinese-speaking Brazil 48 JOSH STENBERG 4 Bridge or Barrier: migration, media, and the sojourner mentality in Chinese communities in Italy and Spain 69 TIAN GONG 5 Unique Past and Common Future: Chinese immigrants and Chinese-language media in France 87 NAN DAI 6 Politics of Homeland: hegemonic discourses of the intervening homeland in Chinese diasporic newspapers in the Netherlands 109 CINDY CHEUNG-KWAN CHONG x Contents 7 The Chinese Diaspora, Motherland, and “June Fourth”:a discourse analysis of the BBC Chinese “Have Your Say” forum, 2009–13 130 JINGRONG TONG 8 Geo-ethnic Storytelling: Chinese-language television in Canada 147 SHUYU KONG 9 Cyber China and Evolving Transnational Identities: the case of New Zealand 165 MANYING IP AND HANG YIN 10 Provisional Business Migrants to Western Australia, Social Media, and Conditional Belonging 184 SUSAN LEONG 11 Xin