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Netflix and Freebsd: Using Open Source to Deliver Streaming Video

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Netflix and Freebsd: Using Open Source to Deliver Streaming Video Netflix and FreeBSD: Using Open Source to Deliver Streaming Video Jonathan Looney FOSDEM 2019 Open Connect NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Open Connect is Netflix’s CDN. It is global, efficient, and purpose-built for distributing Netflix’s content. NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 The Open Connect Appliance The OCA is the “backbone” of the Open Connect network. The OCA almost exclusively runs open-source software. 40Gb/s Storage Appliance with 248TB storage NETFLIX AND FREEBSD (2RU form factor) FOSDEM 2019 Open Connect Traffic Video Video Apps Apps Open Connect Video Video Apps Apps NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Netflix OCA Workload RAM Plain-text Encrypted Data Data CPU Disks NICs NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Using FreeBSD and commodity parts, we achieve 90 Gb/s serving TLS-encrypted connections with ~55% CPU on a 16-core 2.6-GHz CPU. NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 OCA Operating System NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 (Abridged) BSD “Family Tree” AT&T Unix BSD NetBSD FreeBSD NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 FreeBSD Release Cycle 11.0 11.1 11.2 stable/11 12.0 12.1 stable/12 ? head NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 We Track FreeBSD “Head” FreeBSD head Netflix master Netflix release branches NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Typical Release Cycle Testing Feature Development/Integration FreeBSD Dev Canary Phased Rollout Merge Testing Testing Five Weeks of Development Five Weeks of Testing/Deployment NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Examples of Features ● NUMA enhancements ● Asynchronous sendfile ● Kernel TLS ● Pbuf allocation enhancements ● “Unmapped” mbufs ● I/O scheduling ● TCP algorithms ● TCP logging infrastructure NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Tracking “head” lets us stay forward looking and focused on innovation. NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Downstream users of open-source projects can be stuck in “vicious” or “virtuous” cycles. NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Vicious Cycle Infrequent Merges Many Slower Conflicts/ Feature Regressions Velocity NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Virtuous Cycle Frequent Merges Faster Few Feature Conflicts/ Velocity/ Regressions Collaboration NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Reasons We Keep Local Diffs ● Information covered under NDA ● Feature which is still in development/testing ● Feature which needs to be generalized NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 It is our intention to upstream any code which we can. NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Benefits to Netflix of Tracking FreeBSD “Head” ● Quicker feature iteration ● Quicker access to new FreeBSD features ● Quicker bug fixes ● Enables collaboration ● Minimizes merge conflicts ● Amortizes merge “cost” NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Benefits to FreeBSD ● Wide deployment of “head” branch code (albeit in a narrow use case) ● Early intensive testing ● Incentive for Netflix to upstream code NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Objections to Running “Development” Code ● It isn’t stable ● Why should you pay to find the bugs others will find while testing head? ● Aren’t there more security bugs? ● No one runs development branches ● Pay monthly “cost” to do merges ● You get new bugs each month NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Running FreeBSD “head” lets us deliver large amounts of data to our users very efficiently, while maintaining a high velocity of feature development. NETFLIX AND FREEBSD FOSDEM 2019 Thank you.
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