Getting Started with Openbsd Device Driver Development
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Porting Darwin to the MV88F6281 Arming the Snowleopard
Porting Darwin to the MV88F6281 ARMing the SnowLeopard. Tristan Schaap 1269011 Apple Inc. Platform Technologies Group Delft University of Technology Dept. of Computer Science Committee: Ir. B.R. Sodoyer Dr. K. van der Meer Preface! 3 Introduction! 4 Summary! 5 Building a new platform! 6 Booting iBoot! 7 Building the kernelcache! 8 Booting the kernel! 10 THUMBs down! 16 Conclusion! 18 Future Work! 19 Glossary! 20 References! 21 Appendix A! 22 Appendix B! 23 Skills! 23 Process! 26 Reflection! 27 Appendix C! 28 Plan of Approach! 28 2 Preface Due to innovative nature of this project, I have had to limit myself in the detail in which I describe my work. This means that this report will be lacking in such things as product specific- and classified information. I would like to thank a few people who made it possible for me to successfully complete my internship at the Platform Technologies Group at Apple. First off, the people who made this internship possible, John Kelley, Ben Byer and my manager John Wright. Mike Smith, Tom Duffy and Anthony Yvanovich for helping me through the rough patches of this project. And the entirety of Core OS for making my stay an unforgettable experience. 3 Introduction About the Platform Technologies Group As it was described by a manager: “We do the plumbing, if we do our jobs right, you never see it.”. The Platform Technologies Group, a subdivision of the Core OS department, works on the embedded platforms that Apple maintains. Here, platforms are brought up and the embedded kernel and lower level support for the platforms is maintained. -
Introduction to Debugging the Freebsd Kernel
Introduction to Debugging the FreeBSD Kernel John H. Baldwin Yahoo!, Inc. Atlanta, GA 30327 [email protected], http://people.FreeBSD.org/˜jhb Abstract used either directly by the user or indirectly via other tools such as kgdb [3]. Just like every other piece of software, the The Kernel Debugging chapter of the FreeBSD kernel has bugs. Debugging a ker- FreeBSD Developer’s Handbook [4] covers nel is a bit different from debugging a user- several details already such as entering DDB, land program as there is nothing underneath configuring a system to save kernel crash the kernel to provide debugging facilities such dumps, and invoking kgdb on a crash dump. as ptrace() or procfs. This paper will give a This paper will not cover these topics. In- brief overview of some of the tools available stead, it will demonstrate some ways to use for investigating bugs in the FreeBSD kernel. FreeBSD’s kernel debugging tools to investi- It will cover the in-kernel debugger DDB and gate bugs. the external debugger kgdb which is used to perform post-mortem analysis on kernel crash dumps. 2 Kernel Crash Messages 1 Introduction The first debugging service the FreeBSD kernel provides is the messages the kernel prints on the console when the kernel crashes. When a userland application encounters a When the kernel encounters an invalid condi- bug the operating system provides services for tion (such as an assertion failure or a memory investigating the bug. For example, a kernel protection violation) it halts execution of the may save a copy of the a process’ memory current thread and enters a “panic” state also image on disk as a core dump. -
Linux on the Road
Linux on the Road Linux with Laptops, Notebooks, PDAs, Mobile Phones and Other Portable Devices Werner Heuser <wehe[AT]tuxmobil.org> Linux Mobile Edition Edition Version 3.22 TuxMobil Berlin Copyright © 2000-2011 Werner Heuser 2011-12-12 Revision History Revision 3.22 2011-12-12 Revised by: wh The address of the opensuse-mobile mailing list has been added, a section power management for graphics cards has been added, a short description of Intel's LinuxPowerTop project has been added, all references to Suspend2 have been changed to TuxOnIce, links to OpenSync and Funambol syncronization packages have been added, some notes about SSDs have been added, many URLs have been checked and some minor improvements have been made. Revision 3.21 2005-11-14 Revised by: wh Some more typos have been fixed. Revision 3.20 2005-11-14 Revised by: wh Some typos have been fixed. Revision 3.19 2005-11-14 Revised by: wh A link to keytouch has been added, minor changes have been made. Revision 3.18 2005-10-10 Revised by: wh Some URLs have been updated, spelling has been corrected, minor changes have been made. Revision 3.17.1 2005-09-28 Revised by: sh A technical and a language review have been performed by Sebastian Henschel. Numerous bugs have been fixed and many URLs have been updated. Revision 3.17 2005-08-28 Revised by: wh Some more tools added to external monitor/projector section, link to Zaurus Development with Damn Small Linux added to cross-compile section, some additions about acoustic management for hard disks added, references to X.org added to X11 sections, link to laptop-mode-tools added, some URLs updated, spelling cleaned, minor changes. -
Active-Active Firewall Cluster Support in Openbsd
Active-Active Firewall Cluster Support in OpenBSD David Gwynne School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland Submitted for the degree of Bachelor of Information Technology COMP4000 Special Topics Industry Project February 2009 to leese, who puts up with this stuff ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank Peter Sutton for allowing me the opportunity to do this work as part of my studies at the University of Queensland. A huge thanks must go to Ryan McBride for answering all my questions about pf and pfsync in general, and for the many hours working with me on this problem and helping me test and debug the code. Thanks also go to Theo de Raadt, Claudio Jeker, Henning Brauer, and everyone else at the OpenBSD network hackathons who helped me through this. iii Abstract The OpenBSD UNIX-like operating system has developed several technologies that make it useful in the role of an IP router and packet filtering firewall. These technologies include support for several standard routing protocols such as BGP and OSPF, a high performance stateful IP packet filter called pf, shared IP address and fail-over support with CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol), and a protocol called pfsync for synchronisation of the firewalls state with firewalls over a network link. These technologies together allow the deployment of two or more computers to provide redundant and highly available routers on a network. However, when performing stateful filtering of the TCP protocol with pf, the routers must be configured in an active-passive configuration due to the current semantics of pfsync. -
BSD UNIX Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for Freebsd, Openbsd and Netbsd Christopher Negus, Francois Caen
To purchase this product, please visit https://www.wiley.com/en-bo/9780470387252 BSD UNIX Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD Christopher Negus, Francois Caen E-Book 978-0-470-38725-2 April 2008 $16.99 DESCRIPTION Learn how to use BSD UNIX systems from the command line with BSD UNIX Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD. Learn to use BSD operation systems the way the experts do, by trying more than 1,000 commands to find and obtain software, monitor system health and security, and access network resources. Apply your newly developed skills to use and administer servers and desktops running FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, or any other BSD variety. Become more proficient at creating file systems, troubleshooting networks, and locking down security. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Christopher Negus served for eight years on development teams for the UNIX operating system at the AT&T labs, where UNIX was created and developed. He also worked with Novell on UNIX and UnixWare development. Chris is the author of the bestselling Fedora and Red Hat Linux Bible series, Linux Toys II, Linux Troubleshooting Bible, and Linux Bible 2008 Edition. Francois Caen hosts and manages business application infrastructures through his company Turbosphere LLC. As an open- source advocate, he has lectured on OSS network management and Internet services, and served as president of the Tacoma Linux User Group. He is a Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE). To purchase this product, please visit https://www.wiley.com/en-bo/9780470387252. -
Advanced Openbsd Hardening
Advanced Hardening WrongunWrongun && DCDC JuneJune 20052005 ssh://root:[email protected] Lab Challenge JoinJoin thethe wifiwifi netnet andand sshssh intointo thethe boxbox usingusing thethe accountaccount specifiedspecified inin thethe footerfooter TryTry toto pwnpwn thethe boxbox byby addingadding anan accountaccount forfor yourselfyourself oror backdooringbackdooring sshdsshd ssh://root:[email protected] “Only one remote hole in the default install, in more than 8 years! “ ssh://root:[email protected] So OpenBSD is uber secure, right? Actually,Actually, nono …… TheThe defaultdefault installinstall hashas nothingnothing enabledenabled (except(except ssh)ssh) ““NoNo wonderwonder itit ’’ss secure,secure, itit ’’ss poweredpowered off!off! ”” SourceSource --onlyonly patchingpatching strategystrategy makesmakes itit difficultdifficult toto rollroll outout fixesfixes toto platformsplatforms w/ow/o compilerscompilers (i.e.(i.e. disklessdiskless firewalls,firewalls, etc.)etc.) ssh://root:[email protected] Brief History of OpenBSD Vulnerabilities 30 March 05: Bugs in the cp(4) stack can lead to memory exhaustion or processing of TCP segments with invalid SACK optio ns and cause a system crash. 14 Dec 04: On systems running sakmpd(8) it is possible for a local user to cause kernel memory corruption and system panic by setti ng psec(4) credentials on a socket 20 Sept 04: radius authentication, as implemented by ogin_radius(8) , was not checking the shared secret used for replies sent by the radius server. This could allow an attacker to spoof -
Oracle Solaris 11.4 Security Target, V1.3
Oracle Solaris 11.4 Security Target Version 1.3 February 2021 Document prepared by www.lightshipsec.com Oracle Security Target Document History Version Date Author Description 1.0 09 Nov 2020 G Nickel Update TOE version 1.1 19 Nov 2020 G Nickel Update IDR version 1.2 25 Jan 2021 L Turner Update TLS and SSH. 1.3 8 Feb 2021 L Turner Finalize for certification. Page 2 of 40 Oracle Security Target Table of Contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 Identification ................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Conformance Claims ...................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Terminology ................................................................................................................... 6 2 TOE Description .................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Type ............................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Usage ............................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 Logical Scope ................................................................................................................ -
Lecture 1: Introduction to UNIX
The Operating System Course Overview Getting Started Lecture 1: Introduction to UNIX CS2042 - UNIX Tools September 29, 2008 Lecture 1: UNIX Intro The Operating System Description and History Course Overview UNIX Flavors Getting Started Advantages and Disadvantages Lecture Outline 1 The Operating System Description and History UNIX Flavors Advantages and Disadvantages 2 Course Overview Class Specifics 3 Getting Started Login Information Lecture 1: UNIX Intro The Operating System Description and History Course Overview UNIX Flavors Getting Started Advantages and Disadvantages What is UNIX? One of the first widely-used operating systems Basis for many modern OSes Helped set the standard for multi-tasking, multi-user systems Strictly a teaching tool (in its original form) Lecture 1: UNIX Intro The Operating System Description and History Course Overview UNIX Flavors Getting Started Advantages and Disadvantages A Brief History of UNIX Origins The first version of UNIX was created in 1969 by a group of guys working for AT&T's Bell Labs. It was one of the first big projects written in the emerging C language. It gained popularity throughout the '70s and '80s, although non-AT&T versions eventually took the lion's share of the market. Predates Microsoft's DOS by 12 years! Lecture 1: UNIX Intro The Operating System Description and History Course Overview UNIX Flavors Getting Started Advantages and Disadvantages Lecture Outline 1 The Operating System Description and History UNIX Flavors Advantages and Disadvantages 2 Course Overview Class Specifics 3 -
Why Did We Choose Freebsd?
Why Did We Choose FreeBSD? Index Why FreeBSD in General? Why FreeBSD Rather than Linux? Why FreeBSD Rather than Windows? Why Did we Choose FreeBSD in General? We are using FreeBSD version 6.1. Here are some more specific features which make it appropriate for use in an ISP environment: Very stable, especially under load as shown by long-term use in large service providers. FreeBSD is a community-supported project which you can be confident is not going to 'go commercial' or start charging any license fees. A single source tree which contains both the kernel and all the rest of the code needed to build a complete base system. Contrast with Linux that has one kernel but hundreds of distributions to choose from, and which may come and go over time. Scalability features as standard: e.g. pwd.db (indexed password database), which give you much better performance and scales well for very large sites. Superior TCP/IP stack that responds well to extremely heavy load. Multiple firewall packages built in to the base system (IPF, IPFW, PF). High-end debugging and tracing tools, including the recently announced port of the Sun Dynamic Tracing tool, DTrace, to FreeBSD. Ability to gather fine-grained statistics on system performance using many included utilities like systat, gstat, iostat, di, swapinfo, disklabel, etc. Items such as software RAID are supported using multiple utilities (ata, ccd. vinum, geom). RAID-1 using GEOM Mirror (see gmirror) supports identical disk sets, or identical disk slieces. Take a look at the most stable web sites according to NetCraft (http://news.netcraft.com/archives/2006/06/06/six_hosting_companies_most_reliable_hoster_in_may.html). -
The Dragonflybsd Operating System
1 The DragonFlyBSD Operating System Jeffrey M. Hsu, Member, FreeBSD and DragonFlyBSD directories with slightly over 8 million lines of code, 2 million Abstract— The DragonFlyBSD operating system is a fork of of which are in the kernel. the highly successful FreeBSD operating system. Its goals are to The project has a number of resources available to the maintain the high quality and performance of the FreeBSD 4 public, including an on-line CVS repository with mirror sites, branch, while exploiting new concepts to further improve accessible through the web as well as the cvsup service, performance and stability. In this paper, we discuss the motivation for a new BSD operating system, new concepts being mailing list forums, and a bug submission system. explored in the BSD context, the software infrastructure put in place to explore these concepts, and their application to the III. MOTIVATION network subsystem in particular. A. Technical Goals Index Terms— Message passing, Multiprocessing, Network The DragonFlyBSD operating system has several long- operating systems, Protocols, System software. range technical goals that it hopes to accomplish within the next few years. The first goal is to add lightweight threads to the BSD kernel. These threads are lightweight in the sense I. INTRODUCTION that, while user processes have an associated thread and a HE DragonFlyBSD operating system is a fork of the process context, kernel processes are pure threads with no T highly successful FreeBSD operating system. Its goals are process context. The threading model makes several to maintain the high quality and performance of the FreeBSD guarantees with respect to scheduling to ensure high 4 branch, while exploring new concepts to further improve performance and simplify reasoning about concurrency. -
BSD UNIX Toolbox 1000+ Commands for Freebsd, Openbsd
76034ffirs.qxd:Toolbox 4/2/08 12:50 PM Page iii BSD UNIX® TOOLBOX 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD®, OpenBSD, and NetBSD®Power Users Christopher Negus François Caen 76034ffirs.qxd:Toolbox 4/2/08 12:50 PM Page ii 76034ffirs.qxd:Toolbox 4/2/08 12:50 PM Page i BSD UNIX® TOOLBOX 76034ffirs.qxd:Toolbox 4/2/08 12:50 PM Page ii 76034ffirs.qxd:Toolbox 4/2/08 12:50 PM Page iii BSD UNIX® TOOLBOX 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD®, OpenBSD, and NetBSD®Power Users Christopher Negus François Caen 76034ffirs.qxd:Toolbox 4/2/08 12:50 PM Page iv BSD UNIX® Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD®, OpenBSD, and NetBSD® Power Users Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2008 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN: 978-0-470-37603-4 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the publisher. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permis- sion should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. -
Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to Freebsd Table of Contents Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to Freebsd
Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to FreeBSD Table of Contents Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to FreeBSD............................................................................1 Dedication..........................................................................................................................................3 Foreword............................................................................................................................................4 Introduction........................................................................................................................................5 What Is FreeBSD?...................................................................................................................5 How Did FreeBSD Get Here?..................................................................................................5 The BSD License: BSD Goes Public.......................................................................................6 The Birth of Modern FreeBSD.................................................................................................6 FreeBSD Development............................................................................................................7 Committers.........................................................................................................................7 Contributors........................................................................................................................8 Users..................................................................................................................................8