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Actions Prioritaires À Court Et Moyen Termes Pour La Conservation Du Dauphin À Bosse De L’Atlantique Sousa Teuszii

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Actions Prioritaires À Court Et Moyen Termes Pour La Conservation Du Dauphin À Bosse De L’Atlantique Sousa Teuszii Actions prioritaires à court et moyen termes pour la conservation du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique Sousa teuszii Décembre 2020 Édité par Gianna Minton, Caroline Weir et Tim Collins 1 Sommaire Résumé ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Contexte et historique .................................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 Histoire du CCAHD ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Objectifs du rapport ............................................................................................................................. 8 1.3 Méthodes de travail ............................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Examen ................................................................................................................................................ 10 1.5 Structure du présent rapport ............................................................................................................ 10 2. Identification des lacunes prioritaires en matière de connaissances, de ressources et de capacités 11 2.1 Lacunes en matière de connaissances ................................................................................................ 11 2.2 Lacunes en matière de ressources ................................................................................................... 13 2.3 Lacunes en matière de capacités ...................................................................................................... 15 3 Actions recommandées ................................................................................................................................ 16 3.1 Actions prioritaires à court et moyen termes ..................................................................................... 16 3.1.1. Actions visant à combler les lacunes en matière de connaissances ............................................ 16 3.1.2 Actions visant à combler les lacunes en matière de ressources ................................................... 18 3.1.3. Actions visant à combler les lacunes en matière de capacités ..................................................... 19 3.2. Activités à plus long terme ................................................................................................................ 21 3.3. Financement et soutien requis ......................................................................................................... 22 4. Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................... 26 Références ....................................................................................................................................................... 27 Annexes ................................................................................................................................................................. 29 A1. Objectifs potentiels à court et moyen termes pour la conservation de Sousa teuszii ............................. 29 A2. CCAHD membership list ............................................................................................................................. 33 A3. CCAHD Working Groups and compositions ............................................................................................... 35 A4. Working Group 2 Full Report: Outreach and Capacity Building ................................................................ 36 A5. Working Group 3 Full report: Field surveys in Senegal Gambia an Beyond ............................................ 52 A6. Working Group 4 Full Report: Conservation Genetics .............................................................................. 64 A7. Working Group 5 Full Report: Documenting and Sampling Carcasses .................................................... 74 A8. Working Group 6 Full Report: Interview Surveys .................................................................................... 82 A9. Working Group 7 Full Report: Preparing for Full Health Assessments .................................................... 91 A10. Working Group 8 Full Report: Acoustic Studies ................................................................................... 110 A11. Working Group 9 Full Report: Bycatch Monitoring and Mitigation in the Republic of Congo ........... 126 A12. Working Group 10 Full Report: Mitigating Impacts of Costal Developments...................................... 140 2 Citation suggérée : Consortium pour la conservation du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique (2020). Actions prioritaires à court et moyen termes pour la conservation du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique Sousa teuszii. Rapport du Consortium pour la conservation du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique, édité par Minton, G., Weir, C. et Collins, T. Disponible sur https://www.sousateuszii.org/fr/. Décembre 2020. 152 pp. Traduit de l’anglais Citation originale : Consortium for the Conservation of the Atlantic Humpback Dolphin (CCAHD) (2020). Short- and medium-term priority actions to conserve the Atlantic humpback dolphin Sousa teuszii. Report of the Consortium for the Conservation of the Atlantic Humpback Dolphin, edited by Minton, G., Weir, C. and Collins, T. Available from www.sousateuszii.org. December 2020. 145 pp. 3 Résumé Le Consortium pour la conservation du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique (CCAHD – Consortium for the Conservation of the Atlantic Humpback Dolphin) a été créé en réponse aux préoccupations croissantes concernant la dégradation de l’état de conservation du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique Sousa teuszii au cours des dernières décennies. Ces préoccupations ont été de plus en plus reconnues et soulignées par plusieurs organisations internationales ces cinq dernières années, notamment par l’UICN, la CMS et la CBI. Classée dans la catégorie En danger critique d’extinction sur la Liste rouge des espèces menacées de l’UICN, l’espèce compterait moins de 3 000 individus encore présents dans l’ensemble de son aire de répartition qui s’étend sur 19 pays depuis le Sahara occidental au nord jusqu’à l’Angola au sud. 1. Sahara occidental, 2. Mauritanie, 3. Sénégal, 4. Gambie, 5. Guinée-Bissau, 6. Guinée, 7. Sierra Leone, 8. Libéria, 9. Côte d’Ivoire, 10. Ghana, 11. Togo, 12. Bénin, 13. Nigéria, 14. Cameroun, 15. Guinée équatoriale, 16. Gabon, 17. République du Congo, 18. République démocratique du Congo, 19. Angola Aire de répartition du Dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique – Les pays en violet sont ceux pour lesquels il existe des signalements confirmés d’échouages, de prises accessoires ou des observations d’individus vivants, tandis que les pays en orange sont ceux pour lesquels il n’existe aucune donnée, probablement en raison d’un manque d’observation des cétacés. Carte reproduite avec l’aimable autorisation de Caroline Weir, Ketos Ecology. Entre septembre et novembre 2020, les membres du CCAHD ont mené une évaluation approfondie des lacunes qui empêchent la mise en œuvre des mesures de conservation de l’espèce, et ont formulé des recommandations d’actions spécifiques pour combler ces lacunes. Les travaux ont été organisés en 12 groupes de travail, chacun portant sur des objectifs spécifiques (voir annexes 1 et 3). Dans chaque cas, les groupes de travail ont tenu des réunions virtuelles en ligne et ont échangé de multiples documents afin d’évaluer et de classer les lacunes et les actions recommandées dans leurs domaines cibles, un processus qui a abouti à des rapports finaux détaillés pour neuf groupes de travail (voir annexes 4 à 12). Deux groupes de travail supplémentaires portant sur l’Action concertée de la CMS et sur la collecte de fonds se sont chacun réunis une 4 fois et ont produit des plans d’action détaillés. Le groupe de travail portant sur la formation d’un groupe CCAHD de spécialistes commencera ses travaux en 2021, lorsque le CCAHD comptera une plus large représentation des États de l’aire de répartition du dauphin à bosse de l’Atlantique. Une fois les rapports et les comptes rendus des groupes de travail rédigés, les lacunes identifiées et les actions recommandées ont été rassemblées dans une matrice afin d’identifier les chevauchements et les synergies existant entre elles. Les lacunes et les actions recommandées ont été regroupées en trois grandes catégories : 1. Les lacunes en matière de connaissances et les actions à mener pour les combler ; 2. Les lacunes en matière de ressources et les actions à mener pour les combler ; 3. Les lacunes en matière de capacités et les actions à mener pour renforcer les capacités. Les lacunes identifiées sont présentées dans la section 2 du présent rapport. Les actions recommandées pour combler ces lacunes sont présentées dans la section 3, la majeure partie de ces actions étant considérées comme des priorités à court et moyen termes, et un nombre plus restreint comme des priorités à plus long terme. Des estimations budgétaires très approximatives et partielles, ainsi que des indications sur les financements acquis sont fournies dans la section 3.3, tandis que des estimations budgétaires plus détaillées figurent dans les rapports complets des groupes de travail aux annexes 4 à 12. Les actions recommandées comprennent (mais sans s’y limiter)
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