Profile of Internal Displacement : Sierra Leone
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1 Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone – Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 18 March 2010 Information as to what recent wars Sierra Leone has been involved in and when they ended. In a section titled “History” the United Kingdom Foreign & Commonwealth Office country profile for Sierra Leone states: “The SLPP ruled until 1967 when the electoral victory of the opposition APC was cut short by the country's first military coup. But the military eventually handed over to the APC and its leader Siaka Stevens in 1968. He turned the country into a one -party state in 1978. He finally retired in 1985, handing over to his deputy, General Momoh. Under popular pressure, one party rule was ended in 1991, and a new constitution providing for a return to multi-party politics was approved in August of that year. Elections were scheduled for 1992. But, by this stage, Sierra Leone's institutions had collapsed, mismanagement and corruption had ruined the economy and rising youth unemployment was a serious problem. Taking advantage of the collapse, a rebel movement, the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) emerged, with backing from a warlord, Charles Taylor, in neighbouring Liberia, and in 1991 led a rebellion against the APC government. The government was unable to cope with the insurrection, and was overthrown in a junior Officers coup in April 1992. Its leader, Capt Strasser, was however unable to defeat the RUF. Indeed, the military were more often than not complicit with the rebels in violence and looting.” (United Kingdom Foreign & Commonwealth Office (25 February 2009) Country Profiles: Sub-Saharan Africa – Sierra Leone) This profile summarises the events of the period 1996 to 2002 as follows: “Strasser was deposed in January 1996 by his fellow junta leaders. -
Sierra Leone
SIERRA LEONE 350 Fifth Ave 34 th Floor New York, N.Y. 10118-3299 http://www.hrw.org (212) 290-4700 Vol. 15, No. 1 (A) – January 2003 I was captured together with my husband, my three young children and other civilians as we were fleeing from the RUF when they entered Jaiweii. Two rebels asked to have sex with me but when I refused, they beat me with the butt of their guns. My legs were bruised and I lost my three front teeth. Then the two rebels raped me in front of my children and other civilians. Many other women were raped in public places. I also heard of a woman from Kalu village near Jaiweii being raped only one week after having given birth. The RUF stayed in Jaiweii village for four months and I was raped by three other wicked rebels throughout this A woman receives psychological and medical treatment in a clinic to assist rape period. victims in Freetown. In January 1999, she was gang-raped by seven revels in her village in northern Sierra Leone. After raping her, the rebels tied her down and placed burning charcoal on her body. (c) 1999 Corinne Dufka/Human Rights -Testimony to Human Rights Watch Watch “WE’LL KILL YOU IF YOU CRY” SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN THE SIERRA LEONE CONFLICT 1630 Connecticut Ave, N.W., Suite 500 2nd Floor, 2-12 Pentonville Road 15 Rue Van Campenhout Washington, DC 20009 London N1 9HF, UK 1000 Brussels, Belgium TEL (202) 612-4321 TEL: (44 20) 7713 1995 TEL (32 2) 732-2009 FAX (202) 612-4333 FAX: (44 20) 7713 1800 FAX (32 2) 732-0471 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] January 2003 Vol. -
Ebola Virus Disease — Sierra Leone and Guinea, August 2015
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Early Release / Vol. 64 September 3, 2015 Ebola Virus Disease — Sierra Leone and Guinea, August 2015 Sara Hersey, MPH1*; Lise D. Martel, PhD2*; Amara Jambai, MD3*; Sakoba Keita, MD4*; Zabulon Yoti, MD5*; Erika Meyer, MPH1; Sara Seeman, MSPH1; Sarah Bennett, MD1; Jeffrey Ratto, MPH1; Oliver Morgan, PhD1; Mame Afua Akyeampong, MPH2; Schabbethai Sainvil, MPH2; Mary Claire Worrell, MPH2; David Fitter, MD2; Kathryn E. Arnold, MD2 The Ebola virus disease (Ebola) outbreak in West Africa visited daily; during August 1–30, 2015, the average number began in late 2013 in Guinea (1) and spread unchecked dur- of contacts followed was 334. In Guinea, 3,792 cases (3,337 ing early 2014. By mid-2014, it had become the first Ebola [88.0%] confirmed) and 2,529 (66.7%) deaths were reported epidemic ever documented. Transmission was occurring in (Figure 1); 26 (79%) of 33 prefectures reported at least one con- multiple districts of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, and firmed case, but as of August 30, active cases were reported only for the first time, in capital cities (2). On August 8, 2014, the in Forécariah and Dubreka prefectures and in the capital city World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak to Conakry (Figure 2). At the peak of the outbreak (November be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (3). 2014), an average of 3,394 identified contacts needed to be Ministries of Health, with assistance from multinational col- visited daily; during August 1–30, 2015, the average number laborators, have reduced Ebola transmission, and the number of contacts being followed was 728. -
Three Studies in Conflict in Studies Three
CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and EDUCATION AND THE ARTS decisionmaking through research and analysis. ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from www.rand.org as a public service INFRASTRUCTURE AND of the RAND Corporation. TRANSPORTATION INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 NATIONAL SECURITY POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY Support RAND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Browse Reports & Bookstore TERRORISM AND Make a charitable contribution HOMELAND SECURITY For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the Pardee RAND Graduate School View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non- commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the Pardee RAND Graduate School (PRGS) dissertation series. PRGS dissertations are produced by graduate fellows of the Pardee RAND Graduate School, the world’s leading producer of Ph.D.’s in policy analysis. The dissertation has been supervised, reviewed, and approved by the graduate fellow’s faculty committee. Three Studies in Conflict Dissertation Three Studies in Conflict Elizabeth Wilke Elizabeth Wilke This product is part of the Pardee RAND Graduate School (PRGS) dissertation series. -
Negotiating Peace in Sierra Leone: Confronting the Justice Challenge
Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue rDecembeerp 2007 ort Negotiating peace in Sierra Leone: Confronting the justice challenge Priscilla Hayner Report The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue is an independent and impartial foundation, Contents based in Geneva, that promotes and facilitates 1. Introduction and overview 5 dialogue to resolve armed conflicts and reduce civilian suffering. 2. Background to the 1999 talks 8 114, rue de lausanne 3. Participation in the Lomé talks: April–July 1999 10 ch-1202 geneva 4. Amnesty in the Lomé process and Accord 12 switzerland The context 12 [email protected] t: + 41 22 908 11 30 Rapid agreement on a blanket amnesty 13 f: +41 22 908 11 40 A second look at the amnesty: was it unavoidable? 16 www.hdcentre.org The amnesty and the UN and other international participants 17 © Copyright 5. Other justice issues at Lomé 19 Henry Dunant Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, 2007 A Truth and Reconciliation Commission 19 Reproduction of all or Provisions for reparations 20 part of this publication The security forces and demobilisation of combatants 20 may be authorised only Reaching an agreement on power-sharing 21 with written consent and acknowledgement of the 6. After the agreement: a difficult peace 22 source. Slow implementation and near collapse of the accord 23 The International Center The Special Court for Sierra Leone 25 for Transitional Justice Implementing the Truth and Reconciliation Commission 26 assists countries pursuing Judicial reform efforts 28 accountability for past mass Creation of a new Human Rights Commission 28 atrocity or human rights abuse. It assists in the development Demobilisation, and reform of the armed forces and police 29 of integrated, comprehensive, and localized approaches to 7. -
Taylor Trial Transcript
Case No. SCSL-2003-01-T THE PROSECUTOR OF THE SPECIAL COURT V. CHARLES GHANKAY TAYLOR WEDNESDAY, 21 APRIL 2010 9.33 A.M. TRIAL TRIAL CHAMBER II Before the Judges: Justice Julia Sebutinde, Presiding Justice Richard Lussick Justice Teresa Doherty Justice El Hadji Malick Sow, Alternate For Chambers: Mr Artur Appazov For the Registry: Ms Rachel Irura Ms Zainab Fofanah For the Prosecution: Mr Nicholas Koumjian Mr Mohamed A Bangura Ms Kathryn Howarth Ms Maja Dimitrova For the accused Charles Ghankay Mr Courtenay Griffiths QC Taylor: Mr Terry Munyard Mr Morris Anyah Mr Silas Chekera CHARLES TAYLOR Page 39477 21 APRIL 2010 OPEN SESSION 1 Wednesday, 21 April 2010 2 [Open session] 3 [The accused present] 4 [Upon commencing at 9.33 a.m.] 09:27:21 5 PRESIDING JUDGE: Good morning. We will take appearances 6 first, please. 7 MR KOUMJIAN: Good morning, Madam President, your Honours. 8 For the Prosecution this morning, Mohamed A Bangura, Maja 9 Dimitrova and Nicholas Koumjian. 09:33:35 10 MR GRIFFITHS: Good morning, Madam President, your Honours, 11 counsel opposite. For the Defence today myself, Courtenay 12 Griffiths, with me Mr Morris Anyah and Mr Michael Herz of 13 counsel. 14 Madam President, before we commence, can I raise two 09:33:56 15 matters with the Court, please. The first is this: As a 16 consequence of the disruption of airline traffic into Europe, we 17 will have problems progressing the trial next week because 18 currently there is only one further witness in The Hague, and we 19 know not how long the current travel difficulties will persist or 09:34:28 20 whether, indeed, flights will be coming in from West Africa at 21 any time soon. -
Sierra Leone and Conflict Diamonds: Establshing a Legal Diamond Trade and Ending Rebel Control Over the Country's Diamond Resources
SIERRA LEONE AND CONFLICT DIAMONDS: ESTABLSHING A LEGAL DIAMOND TRADE AND ENDING REBEL CONTROL OVER THE COUNTRY'S DIAMOND RESOURCES "Controlof resourceshas greaterweight than uniform administrativecontrol over one's entire comer of the world, especially in places such as Sierra Leone where valuable resources are concentratedand portable.' I. INTRODUCTION Sierra Leone2 is in the midst of a civil war that began in 1991, when the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) invaded the country from neighboring Liberia.3 RUF rebels immediately sought control over one of the country's richest resources--diamonds.4 Since gaining control over the most productive diamond fields, the rebels have at their fingertips an endless supply of wealth with which to fund their insurgencies against the Government of Sierra Leone.' The RUF rebels illicitly trade diamonds for arms in open smuggling operations. 6 Diamonds sold by the RUF, in order to fund the rebel group's military action in opposition to Sierra Leone's legitimate and internationally recognized government, are called "conflict diamonds."7 1. WIulIAM RENO, WARLORD POLITICS AND AFRICAN STATES 140 (1998). 2. Sierra Leone is located on the west coast of Africa north of Liberia and south of Guinea. The country has 4,900,000 residents, almost all of whom belong to one of 13 native African tribes. Country: Sierra Leone, Sept. 3,2000, availableat LEXIS, Kaleidoscope File. One of the primary economic activities in Sierra Leone is mining of its large diamond deposits that are a major source of hard currency. Countries that predominantly import goods from Sierra Leone include Belgium, the United States, and India. -
IDRC Doctoral Research Award No
IDRC Doctoral Research Award No. 103342-9990675-067 Technical Report Submitted By: M. Zubairu Wai Date: 12 July 2008 Project: Understanding Contemporary Conflicts in Africa: The Sierra Leone Civil War and its Challenge to the Dominant Representations of African Conflicts Introduction: The aim of this research was two fold: first, it sought to go beyond the immediate impact of policy, and develop an epistemological critique of knowledge on contemporary African conflicts and assess the impact of such knowledge on the formulation of policy; and second to develop alternative ways of looking at such conflicts in order to allow for the reformulation of extant policies as well as the articulation of alternative ones. It started from the basic assumption (as suggested by evidence) that the policies derived from the dominant studies on African conflicts were not producing their desired results where they are being implemented, a proposition that was leading to a questioning of the knowledge and the analytical frameworks on which they are based. The research therefore sought to address this problem by (a) developing a critique of the existing body of knowledge on African conflicts; and (b) suggesting alternative interpretations that would help us better understand these conflicts. Using the Sierra Leone civil war as its empirical case, it sought to investigate: (a) what the modalities of the dominant perspectives on contemporary African conflicts were; (b) Who produces them, how and why?; (c) what were included and left out in the knowledge produced (d) what effects were these knowledge having on the articulation of policy towards Africa; what these policies were and what they sought to achieve; and finally, (f) how an alternative reading of the Sierra Leone civil war might lead to the formulation of better understanding and policies. -
Productive and Decent Work for Youth in the Mano River Union: Guinea
UNIDO AFRICAN UNION YEN UNOWA Productive and Decent Work for Youth in the Mano River Union: Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone and in Côte d’Ivoire 4.5 million youth need employment: An agenda for a multi-stakeholder programme ISSUES PAPER February 2007 CONTENTS Introduction I. Youth Employment - a stimulus to peace and economic stability II. What has been achieved? • Job creation for youth: Past and on-going efforts by Governments and various stakeholders • Gaps and missing links III. The Way Ahead • Balancing demand and supply • Exploring new productive opportunities • Best practices IV. Funding Mechanisms Annexes a. Youth unemployment rates in MRU and Côte d’Ivoire b. Policy initiatives: - Inclusion of youth employment in PRSPs/budgets - Inclusion of youth in national employment policies and other initiatives c. Examples of youth-targeted programmes to increase demand for labour d. Examples of youth-targeted programmes to improve the supply of labour e. Proposed initiatives in the Mano River Union and in Côte d’Ivoire Introduction This Issues Paper is intended to guide the discussions at the UNIDO/African Union (AU) High-Level Consultative Meeting, organized in cooperation with The United Nations Office for West Africa (UNOWA), and the United Nations Secretary-General’s Youth Employment Network (YEN) on Productive and Decent Work for Youth, in the countries of the Mano River Union (MRU): Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and in Côte d’Ivoire. The Issues Paper: Addresses the urgent need to create employment for 4.5 million youth aged between -
Sierra Leone
Coor din ates: 8°3 0′N 1 1 °3 0′W Sierra Leone Sierra Leone (/siˌɛrə liˈoʊn, -ˈoʊni/, UK also /siˌɛərə-, [6] Republic of Sierra Leone ˌsɪərə-/), officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the northeast, Liberia to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. It has a tropical climate, with a diverse environment ranging from savanna to 2 rainforests. The country has a total area of 7 1,7 40 km Flag Coat of arms (27 ,699 sq mi)[7] and a population of 7 ,07 5,641 as of Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Justice" the 2015 census.[2] Sierra Leone is a constitutional republic with a directly elected president and a Anthem: High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free unicameral legislature. Sierra Leone has a dominant unitary central government. The country's capital and largest city is Freetown (population 1,050,301). The second most populous city is Kenema (population 200,354) located 200 miles from Freetown. Sierra Leone is made up of five administrative regions: the Northern Province, North West Province, Eastern Province, Southern Province and the Western Area. These regions are subdivided into sixteen districts, which are further divided into 190 chiefdoms.[8][9] Sierra Leone was a British colony from 1808 to 1961. Sierra Leone became independent from the United Location of Sierra Leone (dark blue) Kingdom on 27 April 1961, led by Sir Milton Margai, – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue) – [Legend] who became the country's first prime minister. -
Special Court for Sierra Leone Outreach and Public Affairs Office
SPECIAL COURT FOR SIERRA LEONE OUTREACH AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE The Bumbuna dam PRESS CLIPPINGS Enclosed are clippings of local and international press on the Special Court and related issues obtained by the Outreach and Public Affairs Office as at: Tuesday, 15 May 2012 Press clips are produced Monday through Friday. Any omission, comment or suggestion, please contact Martin Royston-Wright Ext 7217 2 Local News Special Court Prosecutor Appluads Sierra Leoneans / Premier News Page 3 Special Court Prosecutor Appluads Sierra Leoneans / Concord Times Page 4 Black Scorpion Hunts Johnny Paul / Ariogbo Page 5 International News Charles Taylor And The Fallacy of the Special Court / Newstime Africa Pages 6-9 Liberia: Taylor Speaks Tomorrow…/ The New Dawn Pages 10-11 Is Mercy the Best Course? / The Independent Online Pages 12-14 Relevance of ICC Judgment Against Charles Taylor to SL / The Island Pages 15-17 Taylor Prosecutor Visits Sierra Leone / UPI.Com Page 18 Start of Mladic Trial Shows Persistence Pays / Human Rights Watch Pages 19-20 ICC Seeks to Arrest Ntaganda, Mudacumura for DRC Crimes / Voice of America Page 21 3 Premier News Tuesday, 15 May 2012 4 Concord Times Tuesday, 15 May 2012 Special Court Prosecutor Appluads Sierra Leoneans 5 Ariogbo Tuesday, 15 May 2012 6 Newstime Africa Tuesday, 15 May 2012 Charles Taylor and the fallacy of the Special Court Written by Alfred Munda SamForay Charles Taylor Before we get to the matter of Prosecutor versus Charles Gbankay Taylor and the myths and fallacy of the Special Court for Sierra Leone, let’s address some myths about Charles Taylor himself. -
Sierra Leona Sierra Leona
OFICINA DE INFORMACIÓN DIPLOMÁTICA FICHA PAÍS Sierra Leona Sierra Leona La Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación pone a disposición de los profesionales de los medios de co- municación y del público en general la presente ficha país. La información contenida en esta ficha país es pública y se ha extraído de diversos medios no oficiales. La presente ficha país no defiende posición política alguna ni de este Ministerio ni del Gobierno de España respecto del país sobre el que versa. JUNIO 2020 División administrativa: 3 provincias y un distrito: Provincia del Norte, Pro- Sierra Leona vincia del Sur, Provincia del Este y el Área Occidental. Las Provincias se dividen en 12 distritos, que a su vez se dividen en 149 comunidades (chie- fdoms). La Provincia del Este está dividida en tres distritos: Kailahun, Ke- nema y Kono; la Provincia del Norte (la más extensa del país) se divide en 5 distritos: Bombali, Kambia, Koinadugu, Port Loko y Tonkolili.; y la Provincia del Sur en cuatro: Bo, Bonthe, Moyamba y Pujehun. En el Área Occidental, GUINEA se encuentra la capital Freetown que se divide en dos sectores: Área rural y Área urbana. Kabala 1.2. Geografía Kambia Gran parte de sus 402 kilómetros de costa está formada por manglares panta- Makeni nosos, a excepción de la península donde se sitúa Freetown. El resto del suelo de Sierra Leona se compone por una gran meseta, a 300 metros sobre el nivel Lungi Koidu del mar, principalmente poblada por bosques. En contraste a esta geografía poco FREETOWN abrupta, el Norte del país está poblado por diversos montes, cuyo pico más alto es el Loma Mansa, que se estira hasta los 1948 metros.