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Reprint Covers TEXAS MEMORIAL MUSEUM Speleological Monographs, Number 7 Studies on the CAVE AND ENDOGEAN FAUNA of North America Part V Edited by James C. Cokendolpher and James R. Reddell TEXAS MEMORIAL MUSEUM SPELEOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS, NUMBER 7 STUDIES ON THE CAVE AND ENDOGEAN FAUNA OF NORTH AMERICA, PART V Edited by James C. Cokendolpher Invertebrate Zoology, Natural Science Research Laboratory Museum of Texas Tech University, 3301 4th Street Lubbock, Texas 79409 U.S.A. Email: [email protected] and James R. Reddell Texas Natural Science Center The University of Texas at Austin, PRC 176, 10100 Burnet Austin, Texas 78758 U.S.A. Email: [email protected] March 2009 TEXAS MEMORIAL MUSEUM and the TEXAS NATURAL SCIENCE CENTER THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, AUSTIN, TEXAS 78705 Copyright 2009 by the Texas Natural Science Center The University of Texas at Austin All rights rereserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including electronic storage and retrival systems, except by explict, prior written permission of the publisher Printed in the United States of America Cover, The first troglobitic weevil in North America, Lymantes Illustration by Nadine Dupérré Layout and design by James C. Cokendolpher Printed by the Texas Natural Science Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas PREFACE This is the fifth volume in a series devoted to the cavernicole and endogean fauna of the Americas. Previous volumes have been limited to North and Central America. Most of the species described herein are from Texas and Mexico, but one new troglophilic spider is from Colorado (U.S.A.) and a remarkable new eyeless endogean scorpion is described from Colombia, South America. The second known species of the scorpion family Troglotayosicidae is described from leaf litter in Colombia, South America. The only other species in the family is from Cueva de Los Tayos, Ecuador. Recent explorations in the caves of Mexico by American and Mexican speleologists have resulted in the discovery of a new species of vaejovid scorpion from northern Mexico, a new species of the schizomid genus Agastoschizomus from Guerrero, a new species of the pholcid genus Modisimus from Chiapas, the first male of the troglobitic pseudoscorpion genus Typhloroncus, and new species of nicoletiid silverfish from Nuevo León and Coahuila. The cave scorpions of Mexico and the U.S.A. are reviewed with new records for several species, including many records for the Texas troglophile Pseudouroctonus reddelli. A new species of the linyphiid spider genus Agyneta is described from a cave in Colorado and all records are given for the widespread Texas troglophile Agyneta llanoensis (including surface and cave collections from other states). A study of the silverfish genus Texoreddellia utilizing morphological and genetic characters includes descriptions of four new species from Texas and one from Coahuila, Mexico. A new species of the carabid beetle genus Rhadine is described from Hays County, Texas, an area undergoing rapid urbanization. A new species of the weevil genus Lymantes is described from three caves in Travis and Williamson Counties. This is the first troglobitic species of the family Curculionidae in the U.S.A. A review of the cavernicole ant fauna of Texas includes new records for many species and observations on the use of caves by Labidus coecus. Continuing studies of the cave fauna of Camp Bullis and Fort Hood have resulted in the discovery of several new species and important records of others. The second troglobitic species from Texas of the pseudoscorpion genus Tyrannochthonius is described from one cave on Fort Hood. A third contribution on the Pselaphinae of Texas caves includes numerous new records, including one new troglobite from Camp Bullis and four from Fort Hood. Many new records of the Fort Hood endemic millipede Speodesmus castellanus are given. Studies of the fauna of caves and springs on Fort Hood have resulted in the discovery of new records for two stygobitic species and the first Fort Hood record for a third species. We express our deepest appreciation to the numerous cave explorers who have provided specimens and assisted in the field. Our knowledge of the cave fauna of Texas and Mexico would be far less without their help. Jean Krejca and Peter Sprouse contributed much of the material from Texas and Mexico included in this volume. Jerry Fant, Charles Pekins, Marcelino Reyes, and Mike Warton are largely responsible for specimens obtained on Fort Hood. We thank the authors of the papers in this volume for their contributions. Their taxonomic efforts will be invaluable in the understanding and conservation of the cave fauna of Texas and Mexico. The contributions in this volume have been much improved by the meticulous reviews of Monika Baker, Thomas C. Barr, Jr., Donald J. Buckle, Darence Ca Thong, Chris Carlton, Donald S. Chandler, James C. Cokendolpher, Oscar F. Francke, Abel Pérez González, Mark S. Harvey, Bernard Huber, Marshal C. Hedin, Joe MacGown, William P. MacKay, Luis Mendez, Pierre Paquin, Norman I. Platnick, Stewart B. Peck, Lorenzo Prendini, James R. Reddell, Edward G. Riley, W. David Sissom, Graeme Smith, Darrell Ubick, and Juan A. Zaragoza. Oscar F. Francke, Alejandro Valdez Mondragón, Tania López Palafox and Nicté Ordóñez-Garza corrected and in some case rewrote the Spanish throughout the volume. ¡Muchas gracias to all of them! Much of the funding for studies on Fort Hood and publication of this volume was provided by the Texas Nature Conservancy. Funding for studies on Camp Bullis was provided by the U.S. Army. iii PREFACIO Éste es el quinto volumen en una serie dedicada a la fauna cavernícola y endógea de las Américas. Los volúmenes anteriores se han limitado a Norte y América Central. La mayor parte de las especies descritas aquí son de Texas y de México, pero una nueva araña troglófíla es de Colorado (E.U.) y un nuevo escorpión ciego endógeo se describe de Colombia, Sudamérica. La segunda especie conocida de la familia de escorpiones Troglotayosicidae se describe de un ejemplar colectado en hojarasca en Colombia. La otra especie de esta familia es de la Cueva de los Tayos, Ecuador. Las exploraciones recientes en las cuevas de México por espeleólogos norteamericanos y mexicanos han dado lugar al descubrimiento de una nueva especie de escorpión de la familia Vaejovidae del norte de México; una nueva especie de esquizómido del género Agastoschizomus de Guerrero; una nueva especie de araña de la familia Pholcidae del género Modisimus de Chiapas; el primer macho de pseudoescorpiones del género troglobio Typhloroncus, y una nueva especie de pescadito de plata de la familia Nicoletiidae de Nuevo León y Coahuila. Se actualizan con nuevos registros para varias especies los escorpiones de las cuevas de México y de los E.U., incluyendo muchos registros para el escorpión troglófilo de Texas Pseudouroctonus reddelli. Se describe una nueva especie de araña de la familia Linyphiidae del género Agyneta de una cueva en Colorado, E.U., y se dan todos los registros para la especie troglófila de amplia distribución en Texas, Agyneta llanoensis (incluyendo las colecciones de ejemplares epigeos y de cuevas en otros estados). Un trabajo que utiliza caracteres morfológicos y genéticos del género Texoreddellia de pescaditos de plata, incluye la descripción de cuatro nuevas especies de Texas, E.U. y una de Coahuila, México. Se describe una nueva especie de escarabajo de la familia Carabidae del género Rhadine del condado Hays, Texas, un área con urbanización acelerada. Se describe una nueva especie de gorgojo del género Lymantes procedente de tres cuevas en los condados de Travis y Williamson; esta es la primera especie troglobia de la familia Curculionidae en los E.U. Una revisión de la fauna de hormigas cavernícolas de Texas incluye nuevos registros para muchas especies y observaciones respecto al uso de cuevas por las especies Labidus coecus y Solenopsis invicta. Los continuos estudios de la fauna de la cueva de Camp Bullis y Fort Hood han dado lugar al descubrimiento de varias nuevas especies y registros importantes de otras especies. Se describe la segunda especie troglobia de pseudoescorpion del género Tyrannochthonius de una cueva en Fort Hood, Texas. Una tercera contribución sobre la subfamilia Pselaphinae de las cuevas de Texas incluye varios nuevos registros, incluyendo una nueva especie troglobia de Camp Bullis y cuatro Fort Hood. Se presentan varios nuevos registros del milpiés endémico, Speodesmus castellanus de Fort Hood. Los estudios de la fauna de cuevas y de manantiales en Fort Hood han generado nuevos registros para dos especies estigobiontes y el primer registro de una tercera especie en Fort Hood. Expresamos nuestro más profundo aprecio a los numerosos exploradores de cuevas que han colectado especimenes y han asistido en el trabajo de campo. Nuestro conocimiento de la fauna de cuevas de Texas y de México sería menor sin su valiosa ayuda. Jean Krejca y Peter Sprouse proporcionaron la mayoría de los ejemplares de Texas y de México incluidos en este volumen. Jerry Fant, Charles Pekins, Marcelino Reyes, y Mike Warton son en gran parte responsables de los especimenes obtenidos en Fort Hood. Agradecemos a los autores de los trabajos en este volumen por sus contribuciones. Sus esfuerzos taxonómicos son fundamentales para el conocimiento y conservación de la fauna de cuevas de Texas y de México. Los trabajos presentados en este volumen han sido mejorados por las meticulosas revisiones de Monika Baker, Thomas C. Barr, Jr., Donald J. Buckle, Darence Ca Thong, Chris Carlton, Donald S. Chandler, James C. Cokendolpher, Oscar F. Francke, Abel Pérez González, Mark S. Harvey, Bernhard Huber, Marshal C. Hedin, Joe MacGown, William P. MacKay, Luis Mendez, Pierre Paquin, Stewart B. Peck, Norman I. Platnick, Lorenzo Prendini, James R. Reddell, Edward G.
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