ANTIoAPARTHEID NEWS

ANTIoAPARTHEID NEWS The .Newspaper of the Anti-Apartheid Movement lop. Guerrillas take control in large areas of country Fighting sprea in Zimbabwe Rhodesia dz Gwelo etiyungia a 29 inyazura *CU 'E Umtali ds UK opos al gives comfort to Smith FOREIGN Secretary David Owen's announcement that he plans to cpnvene a cOnstitutional conference on Zimbabwe with US co-sponsorship has been greeted With scepticism in Britain and with opposition from majority opinion in Zimbabwe Nothing has changed since Britain celled off the Geneva conference four months ago because of the intransigence of the rebel regime. Last month in Salisbury Des Frost, the Rhodesian Front's chairman, said again that the white electorate must have the final say on any settlement proposals. So long as the British Govemment continues to talk to Smith, the regime will take comfort from Britain's failure to propose tougher international action against it. The regime's record shows that it will only give in when it is forced to by the advances of thi liberation movement. It follows that the way Britain can best contribute to a just settlement s to extend sanctions and show its support for the black majority by such measures as giving aid to Zimbabwean refugees and to commented on the latest proposal that it "totally rejected the USA cochairing such a conference" because this would "internationalise the Zimbabwe problem in which the super Powers would be involved". It added: "The Patriotic Front will never attend enother Geneva conference unless such a conference was to discuss a transfer of pewer from the minority regime to the majority. The proposal was also dismissed by Ndabaningi ;ithole, who headed another of the nationalist delegations in Geneva. He said that the proposals were "domet to falutre" because of Ian Smith's intransi. gence. "Smith is determined to maintain white supremacy."r he declared. "He is interested in the transference of the appearance of power to the black people, not the substance of power." The United African National Council, led by Bishop Abel Muzorewa, stated that it had not yet decided whether t attend the proposed conference - whether it did so would depend on its chances of success. Recent statements by leaders of the Rhodesian Front, it fThe guerrilla war in Zimbab- about 80 km south east of Salls- tea estates in eastern Zimbabwe neiihbouring African states. said, augured badly for this. wehagtnowspreatoalmost buryis underthe control of the have beern unable to harvest and The Zimbabwean,Patriotic Front the whole of the couItry - liberatiorn forces as far as education market their crops because of the and in soe rea white ad- and dippincattle are concerned. operations of the freedom fters face i uir ministration has broken Letters signed by ZANLA In an extensive area south of Shell and Bcq down. iZimbabwe African National Marandellgs, guerrillas have desEighteen months ago the war Liberation Almyl commanders troyed beerhalls end bottle stores into sanctions busting was more or-less confinedto north weregiven to headmasters totake owned bylocal councils THE Anti-Apattheid Movement has atoeLcedthet the evidence sub' eastern Zimbabwe - but now the to the district commissioner at The regime has been forced to Smith regime has designated four Wedza telling him that no school suspend its policy of moving people amlconsed Fo~reign Secretary David mitted to the inquiry should be operational areas where freedom fees would be paid unless he -in operational areas into "protected Owen's decision to set up a judicial made public. fighters are present. They are - collected them himself. When the villages" in at least three arega inquiry into allegation that the oil The inquiry was set upaftera Operations Hurricane in the north district comnmissioner and a - because the operations of the firms Shell end BP have been report published jointly by the east, Thrasher along the Mozam- security forces convoy set out to freedom fighters, together with the supplying oil to Rhodesia in con- Anti-Apartheid Movement and the bique border stretching west tour the schools at the end of resistance put up by the villagers, travention of the UK Sanctions aslemere Group charged that the. almost to Salisbury, Repulsein the January, they were ambushed by have made it impossible for the Order. oilcompanieswereinvolvedin southeast andTangentinthe freedomfighters planstogoahead. The Movement's Chairman, Bob sanctions bosting (April AA NEWS). west. According to estimates made Altogether, schools catering for A message suspending forced Hlulhes MP, commented that he "Shell and BP in South Africa" by by the illegal regime, there are now around 36,00 children hase been removals in two areas from the hoped that the investigation would Martin Bailey, is aai/able fromat least 2500 guerrillas fighting shut or are functioning outside the District Commissioner for the consider alltheafaalable eildence AAM, 89 Charlotte St, Londor inside Zimbabwe - the highest control of the white administration, Chipinga area near the Mozambique And would be held in public. He WlP 2DO. Price 35p plus postage. -totalever, accordingtotheSalisburytrret- border noted that the sale of cattle, In the east a big area stretching pondent of the FinancialTimes. there had been prevented because A from Jnyazura district to Wedza, He also says that the owners of of an outbreak of foot and mouth .disease - presumably because the normalveterinaryserviceisunable Z W t o tooperate. M1 7 0 In Manicaland 4000 people recently deserted their homes and A went to Salisbury and Umtali, rather than move into the "protected villages" setup for them by therPgima. .T In thelHippo Valley area L goerrillas have been systematically JZ destroying the high fencesbuilt by P bya thesecurityforcesaroundnew deadaen oteh gisofreomiqes - 'protected villages", so that it has beenimpissiblefortheregimeto 1 move people into-thviwm,

ACTION -NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL Britain Haringey HARINGEY Anti-Apartheid Group held a public meeting on April 4 on "Smith and Vorster: Partners in Oppression". Zimbabwean Johnson Ndhlovu said that the whole rationale behind the Anglo-American "initiatives" implied the lack of recognition that the Zimbabwean people had the right to decide for themselves how they should be governed. John Matshikiza, speaking on behalf of the African National COngress of South Africa, examined the economic links between the Smith and Vorster regimes. On Saturday May 7 from 10 am to 4 pm the Group is planning to distribute leaflets about the situation in Zimbabwe at Muswell Hill -Broadway, as well as selling ANTIAPARTHEID NEWS. Itis also to arringe interviews with Zimbabweans in the local press as part of the May 9-14 Week of Action on Zimbabwe. The Group has written to other local organisations suggesting that they hold meetings to mark the anniversary of the shootings in Soweto last June and offering speakers and films. It is also holding a film evening, organised jointly with a local film society, in Tottenham in June, Contact: Margaret Ling, 8 g Venetia Rd, London N4, tel 348 6657. Cardiff CARDIFF Anti-Apartheid Group will hold an all-day conference on Southern Africa on Saturday May 28 at the Committee Rooms in the Empire Pool, Cardiff. The speakers will include representatives of the Southern African liberation movements, and trade unionists and MPs. The Group held its AGM on April 29 in Friends Meeting House, and heard Peter Haln asa guest-speaker. It is planning to hold regular meetings on the third Friday of every month at Friends Meeting., House Further information: Farida Hussein, 43 Ladysmith Road, Penylan. Cardiff. West London WEST London Anti-Apartheid Group will hold a public meetisg on Zimbabwe on Wednesday May 11 at 8 pm at Westway Luncheon Club, Ladbroke Grove, as part of the Week of Action on Zimbabwe, May 9-14. The Group has also stepped up its work of fund raising for the national Anti-Apartheid Movement in response to the urgent need for funds. It asks supporters to contribute saleable bric-a-brac for its stall in Portobello Market on the last Saturday of every month. It is also planning a wine and cheese party at the Workers Music Association Hall, Westbourne Park Road, on Saturday June 18, to raise funds for ZIMA (Zimbabwe Medical Action) and SWAPO's Medical Aid Appeal. Contact: Peter Jones, 92A Heather Park Drive, Wembley, Middx, tel 902 2117. Bristol BRISTOL Anti-Apartheid Group held a public meeting on March 1 on the situation in Zimbabwe after the breakdown of the Geneva talks. It was addressed by speakers from ZANU and ZAPU. As a result of the meeting the group is planning to raise funds for ZIMA (Zimbabwe Medical Action). The group also supported a meeting-on Southern Africa ,arranged by 'Socialist Challenge' on March 8, at which the speakers were a representativ# of the African National Congress of South Africa and Pat Jordan. Contact: Hedley Bashforth, 74 Cumberland Rd, Bristol 1. Sussex SUSSEX University Anti-Apartheid Group held a Week of Action in support of SWAPO in March. During the week 185 was raised towards SWAPO's medical kits appeal and a meeting was held with SWAPO's new representative in Western Europe, Shapua Kaukungua as speaker. Norwich NORWICH Anti-Apartheid Group is planning a public meeting on Namibia on May 3 at 8 pm in the Central Library, Norwich. The speaker will be Barbara Rogers. In March the group held a meeting on Zimbabwe with a Zimbabwean speaker. A collection was taken for material aid for refugees from Zimbabwe. Contact Tony Trew, Norwich AA Group, 169 College Road, Norwich NR2 3JD. GLC THE Greater London Council has decided to stop buying South African goods When current contracts run out in June. Its decision was taken as a protest against apartheid and to show support for the black majority in South Africa. Local groups THE Anti-Aparheid Movement will hold a meeting of representatives of local anti-apartheld groups at the University of Manchester on Saturday May 7. All local AA group are invited to send representatives to the meeting, as well as individual supporters interested in setting up a group. Further details: Yvonne Strachan AAM, 89 CharlotteSt, London WIP 2D. Aid appeal AN urgent appeal for aidto Zimbabwean refugees was made at a meeting held to mark Zimbabiwe Solidarity Day on March t . Speaking in London, the Deputy Secretary for International Relations of the African National Council (Zimbabwe), Edward Nd/ova, said that regime troops and mercenarie were slaughtering defencless men, women and children every day. Thousands were fleeing into neighbouring countries to escape these atrocities and they desperately needed food, clothing, shelter and medical supplies. The massive influx of refugees had placed a severe strain on the resources of the liberation movement and the neighbouring countries., Edward Ndlovu ca/led on the Britih people to move swiftly to provide assistance for these refuges. The murders and atrocities committed by the regime could not dampen the fighting resistance of the Zimbabwean people, Edward Ndlovu said. They hardened the resolve of the Zimbabwean people "to continue the struggle with greater determination for the total liberation of our country", he said, The meeting stood in silence to pay respect to J Z Moyo, Vice President of the ANC (Zimbabwe), murdered-by a parcel bomb in January, apd to all those who had fallen in the struggle. Fraternal greetings were brought to the meeting front a number of socialist countries, the African National Congress of South Africa, the Communist Party of Great Britain, and several other organisations. Among the speakers at the meeting was National Union of Students' president, Char/es Clark, who outlined the forms of solidarity with the Zimbabwean peop/ undertaken by British students. He pledged increased support for the liberation struggle in Soethern Afrtca and called on students to tekevi leading ro/e'in increasing solidarity activities in Britain, . Ireland Freedom Fair IRISH Anti-Apartheid Movement held a Freedom Fair and Bazaar at Mansion House, Dublin, on Saturday April 2. The funds raised were for the students who fled from South Africa last year and'are now in refugee camps in Borswana and Swaziland. During the afternoon there was 'an auction of works of art donated by distinguished Irish painters and sculptors. An exhibition of photoc graphs of South Africa was also on show. Contact: Irish AAM, 20 Beechpark Rd, Foxrock, Co Dublin. Tel Dublin 895035. USSR Solidarity THE Aniti-Apartheid Movement's Chairman, Bob Hughes MP, and its Executive Secretary, Mike Terry, visited the Soviet Union, April 9-15 at the invitation of the Soviet AfroAsian Solidarity Committee. During the visit they took part in discussionsabout the roles of the Anti-Apartheid Movement and of the Solidarity Committee in the international campaign for the isolation of the Southern African white minority regimes, and exchanged information about activities. They also met Southern African students at the Patrice Lumumba University, gave interviews on television and radio and took part in a meeting at the Africa Institute in Moscow. Nigeria Relief Fund NIGERIA has launched a Southern Africa Relief Fund which will raise money foischolarships fr refugees in Southern Afria. So far-more than 200 of the black South African students who have fled into exile since the beginning of the uprisings last June, have been offered p/laces in Nigerian schools and universities. Ghana Seminar MARCH 21 1977 was marked in Ghana by a Seminar on Racism and Apartheid held at State House, Accra, and jointly organised by the Ghana Anti-Apartheid Committee and the Ghana United Nations Association. Chaired by a former President of the UN General Assembly and former Foreign Minister of. Ghana, Daison Sackey, the meeting was addressed by Mr David Acquah, Chairman of the Ghana AA Commit Committee, Sean MacBride, former UN Commissioner for Namibia, Abdoulaye Diop, Chairman of the Court of Appeal of Senegal and of the Senegal UN Association, and Mihai Simai of Hungary, President of the World Federation of UN Associations. In the debate which followed the opening addresses, delegates from Egypt, Sudan, Cyprus, East and West Germany, the USSR, the United Kingdom and the USA, and from the International Student Movement for the United Nations, condemned the apartheid system At the end of the Seminar a resolution was adopted reaffrming sipport for the liberation of all the people of Southern Africa and expressing the deepest concern over the danger of South Africa becoming a nuclear power in the near future. It was agreed to ask the government of Ghana to take up the -issue of South Africa's nuclear capability in the Security Council and Qlson Sackey undertook to write to President Carter, and the heads of government of allthe permanent members of the Security Council drawing their atterton to The South African nuclear threat Belgium Action Week THE Belgian anti-apartheid organisation AKiA hel a week of action in support of the Southern* African liberation movements at the end of February. The week culminated in a mass, rally in Antwerp which was attended by over 3000 people and an evening programme 'Flanders against Apartheid" attended by over 1500 people. A KZA, 3 Schreursvest, B3030 Hevrle, Belgium. Surrey Anti-Apartheid Movement Annual Jumble Sale Saturday May 14 St John's Parochial Hall, cnr Earlswood Rd and Brighton Fid, Redhill, Surrey Doors open: 2.30 pm Admission: Sp Offers of jumble and friends willing to help onrithe day, morning or afternoon, contact: John Prevett, Tel Reigpte 46629 Release political prisoners in Southern Africa One-Day Conference Saturday May 14 Ruskin l0ege, Oxford Conference, discussion and workshops on South Afric, Namibim and Zimbabwe, led by ex-political prisoners and freedjom fighiters Registration fee: El' Furtheridetails: Ruskin Kitson Committee, Ruskin Cuo-gr Oxford, or Oxford Anti Apartheid Group, 105 Cardigan St ,Oxford. Tel Oford .35 JOIN THE ANTIAPARTHEID MOVEMENT 'Address .. ..-.. ." : : Minimum membeship fee: £3; studnts/pprenices E* Osn-eas: Surface Kaind/,urpeEE3; Airmsail * Affiliations: nateonal organsations, E10; regional orgarnsartions, £5; local orgamisations, £3 Suscriptiot o AA NfEWS: UK and ret of Eusrope C11.75; Ousd Euoe ufaemiE1.75: airmaiE3_75 AAIM& 89 Charlotte St, London W1P 2130- Tel. 01580-5311,

AAM calls Zimbabwe Week THE Anti-Apartheid Movemntent is calling on its supporters to join in a National Week of Action on Zimbabwe, May 9-14, to demand that the Government stops talking to the Smith regime and gives its full support to the struggle of the people of Zimbabwe. On Thursday May 12 there will ba public meeting, "Zimbabe: What Now?" at Central Hall, Westminster. The meeting will be preceded by a picket of the Foreign Office to protest against the hangings of Zimbabwean freedom fighters, from 6 to 7 pm. During the week meetings and other activities will take place all -over the country. There will be events in Cardiff: Public meeting and film show. Wednesday May 11 7.30 Pmn. Students Union, UCW Cardiff. Coventry: Public meeting. Wednesday May 11: time and venue to be announced. Greenwich: Public meeting. Monday May 9, 7.30 pr. Chariton House, Chariton IT WAS with a new commitmentto expose the violence perpetrated against the black majority in, Southern Africa that delegates left the conference on "Repression in Southern Africa" held in London on April 16. In the morning session Zimbabwrean Arthur Chadzingwa, who is now ZAPU's representative in Britain, described his experiences in the prisons of the Smith regime. At an earlier stage of the struggle, he said, Zimbabweans had looked to Britain to safeguard their rights. For a long time they retained their respect for the law and thought that their struggle could be won by the sacrifices of leaders who went to prison, like Joshua Nkomo and Ndabaningi Sithole. But now theregime had destroyed people's respect for the raw and'they realised that everyone would have to make very great sacrifices. Tony O'Dowd outlined the "fantastically elaborate" structure of laws which the South African eiehabuitt up to justify its Village, London SE9* Southampton: Public meeting "Rhodesia: Who are the Terrorists?". Wednesday May 11, 7.30 pmt. St Matthews Hall, St Mary's Road, Southampton. Speaker: Simte Mabako, Legal Adviser to the Patriotic Front, and Albie Sachs. South London: Public meeting. Wednesday May 11 7.30 pm. Vauxhall Training Centre, Walnut Tree Walk, London SEll West London: Public meeting. Wednesday May 11. - 6 pm. Westway Luncheon Club, Ledhroke Grove, London W10. Birmingham: Film and discussion. Monday May 9,7,30 pm. Birmingham University Students Union. Organised by ZIMA (Zimbabwe Medical Actini. Bristol: Tuesday May 10. Public meeting arranged by ZIMA: time and venue to be announced. Leeds: Public meetings arranged by ZIMA: Thursday May 12. Leeds University Students Union at 1 pm. Leeds Trades Hall: time to be announced. Other meetings are being arranged in Northampton, Manchester, Nottingham and Birmingham. Pickets of Shell and BP offices and service stations are being organised on Friday May 13 to protest against sanctions busting by the oil companies. N1KOszana -lamini, Horst Kleinschmidt, Shapua Kaukungua and conference "Repression in Southern Africa" on April 16 repression. He traced its development from the Suppression of Communism Act of 1950; passed soon after the Nationalist Party came to power, to the draconian measures of the late 1960s and 1970s. Specialist groups discussed cam. paigning among lawyers, trade unionists, students, church people and journalists, and two other groups dealt specifically with Zimbabwe and Namibia.There were showings of two films - "The Lawbreakers" which exposes the actions of the South African Police in the wake of last year's uprisings, and "Sentence of Death" with sequences showing Aaron Mushimba's work as National Organiser of SWAPO. The morning session was chaired by Dos Starrs, Chairman of SATIS (Southern Africa-The Imprisoned Society), and the afternoon session by Pauline Webb, Executive member of the World Council of Churches. The conference was organised jointly by SATIS and the Anti-Apartheid Movement.Conference papers dealing with different aspects of repression in Southern Africa are available from AAM, 89 Charlotte St, London W1P2D SA police fire on students. THE South African Police again and assembled outside a YMCA opened fire on demonstrating hall for a meeting to mark the end students in Soweto after they of the Week, which was called by gathered for a "Heroes Week" the Black People's Convention. meetingOnMarch22. ThepoliceadIttedthatthey The shootings took place after had arrested 37 people - but only 5000 placard-carrying demonstra- 32 appeared In court later on tores had marched through Soweto charges of public violence. A briefing docdment setting out information about the issues involved is available from AAM. Also available are two new posters: "Wanted for Murder: Ian Smith" and "Zimbabwe: Majority'Rule Now", I5p each; and leaflets "Rhodesia: Who are the Murderers?" and "'Zimbabwe: Majority Rule Now", £3.50 per 1000. Further details of events from: Anti-Apartheid Movement, .89 Charlotte St, London W1P 2D0; UKcondones hangings THE British Government has again refused to give any pledge that the Smith regime will one day be prosecuted for the illegal hanging of freedom fighters in Zimbabwe. The Attorney General was asked by Andrewfaulds MP "whether he will make it his policy following the liberation of Zimbabwe to institute proceedings against those in otho- rity in the rebel regime responsible for the sentencing and hanging of Africnas engaged in the liberation struggle ". In reply the Attorney General said thaf each case would be considered on its merits, "regard being bed to the evidence available, the question whether any person concerned is within the jurisdiction of the courts of this country, and the public interest". He gave the same reply when asked whether he would introduce measures to prosecute for treason Britons who join the armed forces of the illegal revie. Muzorewa calls for national referendum ON a recent visit to London, in April, Bishop Muzorewa told a meeting of British MPs that a countrywide referendum to elect national leader was the only way to stop escalating deaths and destrucion in Zimbabwe. The United African National Council has spelled out a 5-point plan to complete the liberation struggle: 0 Smith must immediately' categorically and unequivocally surrender political power and authority to the black majority 0. All persons at present in detention or restriction, all political prisoners and all living in "protected villages" must be released to participate freely in the national referendum i The British Government, acting urgently in its decolonisation role and if necessary through the good officas of the United Naions and/or Commonmwealth, must ensure " that there is free colitinal thrteei r ...... a activity, and, repeating the pr-dent-set by the Pearce Commission, must organise and supervise the national referendum " All freedom fighters and other exiles must be enabled to take part in the referendum * As soon as possible after the referendum, the British Governmrent must convene a full constitutional conference -to work out and finalise the details of the independence constitution. In appealing to MPs and press for the implementation of this plan, Bishop Muzorewa pointed out that around 50 people were being killed every day in Zimbabwe. Every week the Smith regime was illegally executing between 5 and 8 freedom fighter People in the country were terrified of the security forces because it was wll known that units such as the Sous Scouts were massacring civilians and white missionaries, over 1000 detained without trial during past year MOREthan1000peoplehave Thirty-three of the detainees beendetainedunderseutity hv already been held for more legislation in South Africa since than a Yar; 29 have been held for the beginning of lastyear, accord-' between 9 and 12 -onths, 116 for ing to the Christiai Institute of between 6 and months, and Sotrn Africa. At least 471 . 3fr,,.q.n thnA gA l t 137forbetween3and6month. People are still being eld without Others havediseppeared, witl any Prospect of being brought to their whereaboutsunknowntotrial. their families or friends. In one of Of those who are stilt known the most recent cases the former tube in detention the largest . President of the National Youth number, 84am school students, Organisation, Malebelle Molokeng, 4 are university atudents, are has not been seen since he left teachers, 16 are associated with home to report at John Vorster BPC or SASO,5 are churchmen Square police station in Johannesand 5 are journalists, Fifteen of hor in March. He was first te detainees are former political detained in 1975 and acquitted of prisonere who have served wuten- a charge under the Terrorism Act 00 fU o10YearsoinR~be ae~eye.---".~ WANTED FOR MURDER ISMITH New campaigns planned against racist repression I

Western powers again block effective United Nations action against.Apartheid EFFECTIVE action by the UN Security Council against South Africa has again been blocked by the Council's permanent Western members. After over a week of discussion on South Africa, which opened on March 21, the debate was adjourned because the Western countries - US, Britain, West Germany, France and Canada - rejected any form of mandatory action. In-thf face of unanimous calls for a mandatory arms embargo to be imposed against South Africa from all other members of the Security Council. as well as from other African, Caribbean, Latin American, Arab, Asian and European countries, the Western powers maintained that there was no case for action under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. Instead they proposed a "declaration of principles" which would call on South Africa to abandon apartheid, grant independence to Namibia and stop supporting the Smith regime in Rhodesia, but which contained no sanctions to force the apartheid regime to comply. Four draft resolutions were put before the Security Council, sponsored jointly by Benin, Libya and Mauritius. They a called for the isnposition of a mandatory arms embargo against South Africa i called fora ban on investments in South Africa and on loans there i strongly condemned the South African racist regime "for its resort to massive violence and repression against the black people" and demanded that it end such practices a declared that the policies and actions'of the South African regime were "a grave threat to international peace and security" These proposals were supported by the representatives of country after country - among them Sweden, India, Venezuela, Cuba, Panama, Indonesia, Jamaica, Romania, Lesotho and Kenya. In a speech calling for action to stop Western economic support for South Africa, Nigeria's Commissioner for External Affairs, Brigadier Joseph Garba, said that economic sanctions, and especially cessation of new investments in South Africa, had to be imposed. He said that some countries were reluctant to act because of their investments in South Africa, but they also had investments in black Africa. In response Britain's UN Ambassador, Ivor Richard, said that the Western countries had made it clear from the beginning of the debate that they intended to continue "normal trade relations" with South Africa. He said that they did not believe that an economic blockade would have the intended effect, and in any case Britain "cannot afford to sever economic relations with Sqofth Africa". The Canadian representative, William Barton, asked the Council to "depart for a time from the kind of approach which has so far proved ineffective" - in spite of the fact that mandatory action against South Africa has never bean tried, because it has always been vetoed by the West. West Germany's UN Ambassador Rudiger von Wechman proposed that the Council adopt the Westernsponsored declaration, saying that it mut take "responsible" action. As weB as representatives of UN member states, the Security Council also heard statements from former Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, Mfansfuthi Makatini, repementative of the African National Congres of South Africa, Potlako Leallo, representative of the Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania, and Albdul S Minty, Hon Secretary of the AntiApartheid Movement - all of them supported the call for mandatory action AA Secretary calls for stronger U.N arms ban ABDUL S MINTY,.Hon Secretary of the Anti-Apartheid Movement, addressed the UN Security Council on March 25. The following is part of his speech. THE international arms embargo against South Africa has been considered to be the orly effective action taken so far by the United Nations to counteract apartheid. It is essentially a voluntary embargo relying on the goodwill and national discretion of Member Statevi Even a cursory examination of the operation of that embargo reveals its partial implementition and the danger of a gradual erosion. Prior to the UN embargo decisions, Britain was South Africa's major arms supplier and "Hitler and Mussolini led the world to conflagration. Vorster, who thinks like Hitler, might lead us the same way." Simon Consalvi, UN Ambassador of Venezuela close ally. Since then, successive Governments have operated the embargo in different ways, and it would be true to say that in the main Britain does not supply any combat equipment directly to the Pretoria regime today. Britain claims to implement the arms embargo; yet the way in which it interprets and applies it leaves gaping loop-holes which permit the apartheid armed forces to obtain a wide range of British equipment. The following am examples of this. First, the Export of Goods (Control) Order 1970 prohibits the export of certain specified strategic items to other countries listed in a schedule, but those items may be exported without licence to any "port or destination in the Commonwealth. the Republic of US ans sales to SA US companies sold Over f 150,000 worth of guns and otherweapons to South Africa last year, according to a US congress representative. The weapons - among them shotguns, rifles, gun parts, blackjacks, police truncheons, spring guns and teargas guns - were classed as not'military equipment and therefore considered not to fall Witf 1 1 rhe US'arnsytrerlrgs; - Ireland, the Republio of South Africa or the USA". Thus a wide range of equipment may be and is supplied to the South African armed forces without a licence I being required. Secondly, even in the case of goods which do require a licence, it is not clear.what items are considered to be of military signicanco and covered by the embargo. Thirdly, there is the whole question of the supply of spare parts for equipment already sold to South Africa - a clear violation of the embargo perpetrated by virtue of the claim that the country is bound by honour to discharge its obligations arising out of Old orders. Fourthly, an indirect method of providing South Africa with military equipment is to send it via another country. Fifthly, British-designed equipment is made under licence in a third country and then exported to South Africa. Sixthly, there is the whole question of British-designed equipment made in South Africa under licence SeventhlV, British companies, feel that it is the major culprit, since Britain in fact is not now the principal supplier of arms to South Africa. That role has betn taken over by France. But what is true of Britain in these cases and in the "South Africa could not survive as it is today without the support which'the Vorster Government receives from other cou ntries. If that crucial foreign support for apartheid were to be withdrawn the present regime . . would have no power to resist the efforts of the South African people to free themselves. That is the true way to peaceful change." M J Makatini, representative of the Africarn National Congress of South Africa categories which I have mentioned is alsq equally true of the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany The two countries which are the Aermacchi MB326Ms and provided a licence for over 200 of them to be made in South Africa under the name Impala 1: The more modern Aermacchi 326K has also been sold to South Africa. and a version of it is now being made in South Africa under the name Impala I1. Canada, which once supplied arms to South Africa, now peratesas perhaps the strictest embargo, having decided in 1970 to stop all sales of spare parts as well. But, in the absence of a mandatory embargo, there are other countries, such af Israel, which are aWrking. on arms sales to South Africa. It has been claimed by the iWstern permanent members of this Council in the past that the situation mo Southern Africa does not amount to a threat to peace. I would submit that since those Powers concluded in 1960, immediately after Sharpaville, that the situation at that time-did con stitutea disturbance of the peacewe have now come, after 16 years, "Somle countries are reluctant to act because of their investmeits in South Africa. But they also have investments in black Africa. We would not hesitate to take retaliatory economic action, if necessary." Brigadier Joseph Garba, Commissioner for External Affairs of Nigeria to a stage where all -the objective evidence points to more than adequate grounds for determining that there is a threat to peace under Chapter VII of the Charter. These is widespread international concern at the growing threat posed by South Africa, and that is why tens of thousands of British citizens have signed a petition calling for a mandatory arms embargo. We' "My country strictly applies the voluntary arms embargo against South Africa and favours making it mandatory. A decision by the Council against new foreign investments in South Africa with the concurring votes of Souath Africa's major trading partners, would be of great political importance." Anders I Thunborg, UN Ambassador of Sweden handed those petitions to the new Foreign Secretary on Monday of this week when this Council began this debate. In our view, a mandatory arms embargo is long overdue. The growing war situation in Southern Africa requires even more decisive action if we are to avoid a catastrophe described by Vorster as being too ghastly to ontemplate. He should know what he is planning. If the Western countries are on the side of freedom, they can agree to a number of initial steps to be adopted by this Council immediately. The first would be to enforce a strict arms embargo and vote in favour of its being made mandatory by the Security Council;.the second, to ban all future loans to and investments in South Africa. If those two minimal measures are supported then one can at least hope that there will be further action on the part of the Security Council to take decisive measures against South Africa. UK'concern' over SA arms have established subsidiaries and invested in South African companies in order to make weapons there which might otherwise be prohibited for export by the embargo. I haviespoken at length about Britain, bat that is not beauey e Secority Council violation of the embargo are France and Italy. France sells sophisticated helicopters and other aircraft, including Alouettes and Mirage Fplanes to South Africa, and many are now being made in that country. Italy is the other major violator of the arms embargo. 5 hassupplied A Ministry of Defence spokesman has said that the Government would be "seriously concerned" if British firms with interests in South Africa Were "acting contrr% to the spirit" of the British arms embargo policy. But the Government did not, he said, have "any general powers to interfere with the export of infor mation to South Africa or to prevent firms, by whoever they are owned, from manufacturing arty product in that country". . The Minister of Defence was asked by Frank Allaun MP whether he would raise in the Cabinet the ' issue of South African subsidiaries of British companies which manufacture military and policeequipment in South Africa. ICI, Plessey, Racal, British Leyland and GEC-Marconi are among a large number of British firms which make equipment for the South African defence force in their South African factories.

Military spending soars in SA budget estimates 'The South African economy stil shows no sign of pulling out of its deep recession. An AA NEWS Special Correspondent examines the implications of this for South Africa's military capability and for its ability to continue to Attract large quantities of capital from overseas. ONE of the mainprops of apartheid has been the growth of the South African economy In the last year or so this has beet showing signs of collapse. After growing by about 6-per cent a year in the early 1970s, output fell to 2.1 per cent in 1975 and 1.4 per cent in 1976 - the lowest annual growth rate since the second world war. Inflation is accelerating and unemployment has soared. Some estimates for the number of Africans unemployed - there are no official statistics-put it as high as 2 million, nearly 20 per cant of' the workforce. Even white unemployment has doubled in the last year and living standards of whites in work have- declined by 3 per cent. On top of this the regime has introduced a deflationary budget. This will make it increasingly difficult for the apartheid regime to sustain its high level of military spending or to continue to attract foreign capital or white immigrants. Although the world recession has played a part in causing this decline, in particular through its impact on the price of gold, there arefactors specific to the South African situation. In the first place there is the level of military spending -about one fifth of government expenditure i 1876 brought about by the abortive intervention in Angola and the escalating cost of the war in Namibia. Much of this expenditure goes on imported equipment. A second fector in the change in - attitude of foreign investors. The experience of the UK, Italy or demonstrations if Soweto and else- Egypt, for example, demonstrates. where, and thein suppression, has It remains to be seen how far the shaken the faith of investors in the IMF will want to enforce economic stability of the apartheid regime. and political instability with its This hastaken the form of declara- usual deadly prescription of tions of pious principle by US financial orthodoxy. The budget companies, and more concretely by was described, in the South African the withdiawal of R650 million in Financial Mail, as being aimed at short-term fundsin1976. impressing"worldbankersand This has especially serious conse- financial bureaucrats". quencesforthe SouthAfrican Oneaspect ofthebudgetisthe economy. Up till now South Africa further restriction on the withhas been able to run a deficit on its drawal of profits earned in South foreign trade, because it could rely Africa by foreign companies. (The on foreign funds, channelled main chapge is that profits earned through government loans or before 1975 may not.be taken outprivate investment, to replenish the of the country.) In the short run, reserves.. It is because of this free- this will stop one of the gaps dom of manoeuvre that it has been through which funds are being able to industriplise so rapidly. The withdrawn. It will however make balance of payments which has investors even more nervous about inhibited the growth of wany other everseeing a return on their investeconomies is much less important * ment. In the long run, therefore, In the present situation, when there will probably be a further foreign investors can no longer be decline in theinflowof funds. relied on for funds, not only do the Another aspect of the budget is resources have to be found to cover military spending. The budget the funds withdrawn, but the trade allows for an enormous increase in account has to be balanced. 1977/78 - 21 per cent, three times The budget just introduced aims as fast as government spending as a to do this, and at the same time to whole. This is to cover the cost of isolate government borruwing from possible extended conscription, and dependence on foreign loans. The the development of a domestic arms squeeze on the private sector is industry to counter the threat of a therefore doubly fierce in order to more effective arms embargo. Any 'achieve the balance of payments further extension of fighting will adjustment andpreempt the put astrain even onthis budget. limited funds available for borrow The-economicand militarysitueing forthegovernment, tions have therefore become much The worst effects will be felt on more closely interlinked. blackemployment andliving Thepressureonwhiteliving standards, but it is also true that standards must inevitably have an whites are, at last, being made to impact on immigration. This, comfeel an economic cost to political bined with the threat of extended isolation and military aggression, conscription and the manifest At the time when short-tern instability of apartheid, is likelyto funds were being rapidly Withdrawn' make South Africa a much less last year, South Africa was able to attractive Place for white iniprotect its reserves partly .by heavy grants. Even the apartheid regime's drawings on IMF loan facilities, formidable propaganda machine These drawings are not costless in will not be able to go on hiding the political or economic terms, as the facts forever. ICI condemned by church group ICI should halt all further nvet The report refers to allegations Trade and Industry's Sub-Committee ment in South Africla according to that ICI was inlved, throu 9h inquiry into British companies' a report published by Christian AECI, in the production of the tear employment practices in South Concern for Southern Africa, The gas that has been used ggainst black Africa in 1973.. report argues that more investment demonstrators during the past year, AECI is known to operate a rigid in South Africa "would do more to This involvement, suggests CCSAi, job colour bar - the top six grades support the present oppressive raises "serious ethical questions for into which its payroll workers are social and political system than to its shareholders", divided are all white and the encourage the development of a It discounts Cl's claim that it bottom seven grades are a Il-black, morejustsociety", cannotinfluence the employment The report suggests that£ hurcrh It also condemns ICI's involve- practices of its associate company shareholders should rais these ment in the South African muni- AECI and quotes a director of tlse question, with the company. 'In an tions and uranium extraction companyas saying: "We clearly appendix it lists more than 80 industries and sharply criticises the have at least 50 per cxnt responsi- church organlations acharities treatment of black employees by bility for what it (AECI) does." which hold nearly £12 millions Cl'sassociatecompanyAECI. AECI is oneofthebiggest worthof ICshares. The report estimates that during employers of black labour in South . inSouth af odney the last threeyeqrs iCI's stakein Africa. Manyofits workers are I.i So - ' by R South Africa has effectively migrant labourers housed in cow Sa MA is published by Christian doubled, so that it now stands at pany compounds, and AECI his Conern for Southern Africa, about £100 million, refusedto disclose anydetails on 1 Cambridge Terrace, Regents Park, CCSA cites the opinion of black their wage rates since' IC's memo- London NW1 4JL. Prim E1.50. leaders and committed Christians in randum to the House of Commons South Africa in support of its call for a freeze on further investment. During the last 12 months, it says, "there has been an extremely significant hardening in the position of various leading public figures. Whereas a year ago many black leaders were prepared to argue publicly the case for further foreign investment-they are now, with the one exception of the Transkei, either silent or opposed to further investment." Watch out for this wine! A South African company is plan ning a big export drive for its wines and brandies in Britain later this year. The Oude Meester Group has clinched a deal with the London wine merchant Collisons to market a whole range of Bout/s African sherry and table wines, A spokiesman for another South African wine producing firm, the South African subsidiary of the British Disjillers Corporation, dismissed the campaign to boycott South African goods, when he was asked how South Africa could market its wines uversea. "The world's silent majority of wine drinkers demand our wines," he told a Financial 1sfaillreporter. Barclays Bank keeps SA defence bonds BARCLAYS Bank jas denied reports that it has asked its South African subsidiary, Barclays fNational, to sell £6.5 million worth, of South African Government defence bonds \hich it bought last year., At the bank's annual sharebolders meeting on April 6, its Chairman, Anthony Take, said that Barclays Could "only suggest" to its subsidiary that it should sell the f# Barclays BaE* D.C.0 South African press advertisement, bonds. It could not "instruct" them to do so, he said. Shareholders at the meeting who questioned Barclays' roje in Southern Africa included representatives of Lewisham Borough Counch and Derbyshire County Council and of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Birmingham. The leader of Derbyshire County Colncil, ClIr P Regen, questioned directors about the transfer of funds between Barclays National in South Africa and Barclays' subsi- diary in Rhodesia, He received only vague replies that the bank was not evading UN sanctions and that anyway it had no control over its South African subeidiary, Barclays' deputy qhief executive in South Africa, Colin Waterson, has defended the bank's holding in Government defence bonds. "The bank is obliged to hold a proportion of its assets in Government stock, and the defence bonds were the most attractive available at the time," he said. Press reports have speculated that the South African Government could retaliate against any decision to sell the bonds by ordering an acceleration of the "indigenisation" of foreign-Owned banks, which are supposed to be reducing their external shareholding to.50 per cent What the whole incident seems to show is the impossibility of the bank's acting as a "I beralising influence" in South Africa. So long as it maintains its investment there, it is bound to be pulled further and further into supporting the apart heid regime. The latest figures show that Barclays still heads the table of South African banks, with total deposits worth R2841 million. At a meeting in London with Barclays management a delegation from SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organisation of Namibia) asked the bank not to support the South African army is Namibia by buying defence bonds. This dalegation also asked the bank not to establish a separate subsidiary in Namibia until the country had ' achieved genuine independence. BRITAIN'S Ambassador to South Africa, Sir David Scott, reassured white South Africans that Britain will continue to defend their government and way of life, in a television interview last month. He said that South Africa's "friends and trading partners" spend large amounts of time and nargy trying tp "minimio the 'damage " caused by rdsolutions passed by the UN and other international bodies,. e wernt ton: " You can ask: What business is all this of"Britain and myself? 1'l tell you. It's because we have so many interests in common with you, which we want if possible to maintain, because we have enormous investments in your country - the hi- t inv-arrnt of anyov seas country in South Africa, which we hope will remain pro fisable and remain sound - because we buy from you more than any other country-does and we would like to go on doing so, even because we would like once again to be able to play international cricket and inrernational rugby with you." Because of al/ this, he said, "we thought it right to take a line in the United Nations which has brought down very much criticism froem the rest of the world. "In particular I must remind you that the only four occasions on which my Governmenti Britain, has exercised the veto in the Security Council-during the life of the present Government has been in favour of South Africa," * No more money for South Africa' - General Motors GENERAL Motors has taken a important factor in the creation of halting step towards freezing its a more promising investment investment in South Africa, It has dirnate in South Africa is a positive told church shareholders who resolution of the country's pressing coordinate efa resolution calling for social problems which have their a halt to new inevtment at the origins in the apartheid system." corporation's annual meeting that General Motors is one of South it will not expand its investment in Africa's biggest motor vehicle South Africa until the country producers and has more than 5125 solves its racial problems. million invested there. The correct Its statement said: "South Africa economic recession in South Africa has been experiencing severe civil means that demnd for cars and disfurbances, and political uncer- lorries has fallen and General taintims are prevalent throughout Motos plants are already operating Southern Africa. The single most well below full cpaityi . UK ambassador pledges support for apartheid

,RHDIA. TH FACTS South Africa: Smith's biggest arms supplier IT IS estimated that the Smith regime can field upwards of 60,000 troops of all races. To a large extent, this has been achieved through the enforcement of increasingly rigid conscriptionrequirements on the white population. No non-African male between the ages of 16 and 38 is allowed to leave Rhodesia without special permission from the authorities, and virtually every able-bodied person in this age group - including many women - spend several months of every year, if not more, in the front line. The regime has recently announced that from the end of May, the over-311s will also be required to render compuls6ry military service if they have not already volunteered. Even so, the security forces ave increasingly come to depend on foreign'mercenaries as the armed struggle has intensified and mvore and more whites have left the country. It is estimated that upwards of 2000 foreign nationIs, the majority of them British, are currently serving in Rhodesia's regular army. As well as supplies of manpower, the Smith regime is continuing to receive massive outside support in the form of arms and ammunition. South Africa, of course, continues to be the main supplier, as well as collaborating with Rhodesian military planners nd engineers on the design of equipment such as the Hippo troop carrier I a vehicle adapted to resisting landmine explosions in Rhodesian bush warfare but familiar to the outside world from its use in the Soweto uprisings). Another joiat Rhodesian. South African project recently announced is the 'Mamba' automatic pistol for so- called 'civiLian' use. A variety of semi-automatic machine pistols and handguns based on Israeli designs are now being manufactured and sold tO white civilians inside Rhodesia. The US has also been named in recent allegations of sanctionsbusting in the arms trade with the Smith regime. New airstrips for military use are said to be under construction inside Rhodesia with the help of US technicians and funds from the CIA, while the Rhodesian airforce were reported in February to be using OV-1O double-fuselage spotter planes manufactured by Rockwell International and used by the Americans in Vietnam. Lockheed Aircraft have also been accused of supplying aircraft indirectly - through Italy and South Africa. Over 150 Zimbabweans hanged by white regime 'TIME and again, since UDI, apparent 'concessions' by the Smith regime have been used to divert attention from an upsurge in political repression inside tlh country. So far this year 22 people are known to have been sentenced to hang, in addition to the 64 who were executed last year. Altogether at least 150 Zimbabweans have been hanged by the Smith regime since UDI. In December 1976 over 1000 Zimbabweans were known to be detained without charge or trial by the Smith regime for their political activities. Nearly 850 were known to be serving prison terms for supporting the liberation struggle in one wy or another. The International Defence and Aid Fund hat estimated that there are at least 3000 political prisoners m Rhodesia, if all those unknown to the outside world or held in remote police and drmy camps in the operation areas are included. Many hundreds of civilians have been shot dead by the security forces in the operational areas and thousands more herded into fenced 'protected villages'. in a statement in the House of Assembly-on February 23 this yea, Ian Smith admitted that in the last four years 632 Africans had been killed and 294 wounded "while breaking the curfew or running with and assisting terrorists". According to a recent report by theinternational Red Cross, at least 400,000 Zimbabweans are now living in concentration campstyle 'protected villages'. The policy of forcibly evacuating people from their homes into these camps was extended from the north eastern area of the* country to the south east last year, and may also have been introduced in the north west. * stop dealing with the Smith regime as a legitimate government end its policy of collaborating with Vorster in order to find a "solution situation in Zimbabwe . * take immediate actiorsto extend UN -sanctions against the Rhodesian r force South African compliance * declare that any British subject fighting for the illegal regime is guiltyo state now that all those responsible for illegal hangings in Rhodesia will as murderers i- give sanctuary as of right for Zimbabweans who have refused to join th, security forces a provide economic aid to the front-line African states which arebeing at Rhodesian troops and whose economies are damaged by the implement - sanctions I provide humanitarian aid for the thousands of Zimbabwean refugees wt neighbouring states West busts -sanctim IT IS inconceivable that the Smith regime could have survived for so long unless economic sanctions had been broken or evaded on a massive scale. Sanctions have always been ignored completely by South Africa end, until its downfall, the Caetano regime in Portugal. But apart from this they have never been effectively enforced by other UN member states. The half-hearted and piecemeal fashion in which the British Government imposed sanctions after UDI gave white Rhodesian. businessmen ample opportunity to make contingency plans. A blanket ban on trade and investment with the regime was not enforced by Britain until 1968, following the UN's mandatory resolution on the issue. Ever since then, the Icopholes and ambiguities of the law have afforded British companies in Rhodesia plenty of scope to continue to expand and make profits out of their operations there Britain has repeatedly blocked moves by the UN Security Council to strengthen sanctions by extertding them to postal and other communications, or to aircraft landing rights and, even more important, remains implacably opposed to sanctions against South Africa. The lack of political will displayed by the West on the sanctions issue has meant that the Rhodesian economy has not merely survived, but in many respects flourished. The dramatic expansion of the mining sectordominated by South African, British and US multinationals - is a particularly good example. Durig 19761R tineral producio cent to a record v RS230 million. -T measure a reflecti( prices fetchedby1 Rhodesian missap markets. Lonrho, momntlto point1 Shall and SP for b tdons, is, t ogethe~r Zinc, one of tht British mining ca Rhodesia. Only last sumis Chiaf ExecutiveI was criticised in ti of Trade and l* the company for k cosely involved w mining operations "than was coasisa terms of UK-sast tion". Britai inatt IN all its attempts "settlement" in R British Governr priority of winnin of the illegal Snil The attempts h broken down beca has never been pre tenance any plan v to majority rule. In December 1I Tiger and in Octo HMS Fearless, the rejected proposals, Prime Minister Wil very much more fs white minority reg Kissinger deal of 1 In November II proposals were ear Foreign Secretary Douglas Home and they would haveh indefinitely entre minority rule ahd, whelmingly rejecta majority of Zi.bal the leadership of tl The Smith regime is forced to rely on black soldiers in its w

POPULATION Africans Whites Asians and Coloureds 6.2 million (95.3 per cent) 277,000 (4.2 per cent) 31,500 (0.5 per cent) LAND DISTRIBUTION Africans Whit s, Asians & Coloureds ,46.5 per cent (7 acre.s per head) 46.5 per cent (146 acres per head) EDUCATION Educational expenditure per school pupil per annum (for -year to June 30. 1974) Africans £- 22 Whites, Asians & Coloureds £249 AVERAGE WAGES (perweek)(fortheyeartoDecember311975)Africans £7.23 Whites £79.29 (Average weekly wage for African farm labourers; £2.80) to get a settlement formed African National Council regime could renege on the deal if On September 24 last year it so decided after two years Smith agreed, in a much-publicised The subsequent conference in television broadcast, to accept Geneva showed that the regime African majority rule within two was prepared to go much further . to Wina settlement than it had been on earlier occasions, because of its deteriorating military and economic situation - but that it still refused to accept majority to I. South African-Rhodesan project years. But the regimetbad faith became clear when it refused to relinquish the key-ministries of defence and "law and'order" and insisted on white minority control of the interim government machinery. In a speech toa closed session of the Rhodesian Front, junior defence minister, Ted Sutton-Pryce, argued that the Britain has also relied increasingly on attempts to persuade South Africa to exert pressure on Ian Smith. Prime Minister Callaghan, when hspwas Foreign Secrerary, and last month Foreign Secretary David Owen, have both visited South Africa to hold talks with Vorster. But Vortter has consistently supportedSmith in his refusals to make real concessions. In January the South African Government was reported to have told Britain that it would increase its military aid to Smith if the situation in' Zimbabwe "deteriorated" ion" to the 1 regime and to of treason vile prosecuted the Rhodesian Sattacked by entation of awhog have fled to Es 6 Rhodesia's ceipa rose by 3 par Ad value of over i. This is in large sebs of the rising by tile sale of ,ion oi world rho so keen at the it-the finger at orbreaking sonc. her-ith Rio Tinto *two major comspanies in assaler, Lonrho's re, Tny Rowland, in the Department riuitry report on forbeing more 0 with Los.rl'a ionsin Rhodesia sistnt with the eancefon legisle- a. rua t~neer coumn enters Rhodesia and establishes Fort Salisbury 1923 " Britain declares that Rhodesia is a British colony 1965 November Rhodesian Front makes unilateral declaration of independence from Britain 1966 April UN Security Council resolution permits British Government to use force to blockade the unloading of. oil for Rhodesia at Beira December Prime Minister Wilson holds abortive talks with Smith on HMS Tiger 1967 AugustSeptember ZAPU and ANC guerrillas clash with Rhodesian and South African security forces in north - western Rhodesia 1968 March Smith regime hangs African freedom fighters May UN Security Council imposesumandatory economic sanctions against Rhodesia October More talks on HMS Fearless between Wilson and Smith1969 June Illegal regime adopts new constitution which virtually guarantees perpetual whiterule Land Tenure Act allocates 50 per cent of Rhodesia's land Refugees flee frojn troops IN the last two years at least 50,000 Zimbabweans hay fled over the borders into Mozambique and BOtswana to escape the Rhodesian security forces. The flow of refugees through Botswana during 1976 is put at between 10,000 and 14,000, while 36.000 are estimated to have entered Mozambiquse. The refugees need food, clothing, medicines and other essential supplies. Among them are many schoolchildren who need opportunities to continue their education outside the country. It has been estimated that the Botswana Government alone will requjirea total of £43 mdllonto counter the eff cts of the Rhodesian war, including the provision and administratiosn of refuee campa. Material a for the refugees can be sntvia ZIMA (Zimbabwe Medical Action). 84 Tindal St, Batlal Heath, Birmingham B12 90S, or Mozambique Solidarity Action, c/o MAGIC, 12 Little Newport St, London WC2AH 7. 1974 December Smith regile closes Zambian border and President Kaunda refuses to reopen it Smith regime releases some leading detainees including Joshua Nkomo and Ndabningi Sithole Lusaka Agreement reached between African National Council and Smith regime, under which the liberation movement agreed to a cease fire and the regime promised to release political detainees. 1975 August Abortive talks on the Zambesi between African National Counciland Smith regime ,flovormber ZIPA insbab" par cent to blacks 1970 JanuaryMarch Clashes between ZAPU guerrillas and Rhodesian security forcaes March Smith proclaims Rhodesia a republic 1971 November Settlement proposals made by Foreign Secretary Sir Alec Douglas Home agreed to by Smith regime December African National Council formed under chairmanhip of Bishop Abel Muzorewa 1972 March Pearce Commission reports the rejection of the settlement proposals by the Af rican majority December Guerrilla warfare icalates. ZANU units open fighting in north eastern Rhodesia security forces mount 'Operation Hurricane'. ZAPU guerrillas mount mount sabotage operantns in north west. FURTHER INFORMATION Pamphlets Zimbabwe Quiz Published byInternational Defence & Aid Fund 200 Rhodesia: South Africa's Sixth Province Published by International Defence & Aid Fund 20p Civil War in Rhodesia Published by Catholic Institute for International Relations £1 Films Nhazonia Available firom Mozambique Solidarity Action, c/o 12 Little Newport c/o 12 Little Newport St, London WC2 Posters "WantedforMurder:IanSmith" 15p "ZimbabweMajorityRuleNow" 15p Leaflets "Rhodesia: Who are the Murderers?" £3.50 per 1000 "Zimbabwe' Majority Rule Now" £3.50 per 1OOQ Speakers are available from the Anti-Apartheid Movement AAM, 89 Charlotte St, London W1P 2D. Tel 01-580 5311 - 7 reople s -srmy formed by cadres from ZAPU and ZANU November Talks open between Smith regime and African National Council led by Joshua Nsemo 1976 Breakdown of talks between Smith and African National Council led by Joshua Nkomo Regime announces 'Operaticn Thraser' along the eastern border February Bishop Muzorewa calls for a referendum .to elect a national leader March Mozambique announces closure of its border with Rhodesia August Rhodesian troops massacre over 500 refugees at Nhazonla refugee camp in Mozambique September Formation of Patriotic Front by ZAPU and ZANU October -Regime steps up attacks on Mozambique November Talks open in Geneva under British chairmanship December Regime announces 'Operation Tangent' along RhodesiaBotswana border 1977 January British Government announces termination of talks in Geneva Jason Moyo, Vice President of ZAPU, is assassinated Patriotic Front announces new move towards unity of ZAPU and ZANU UN Security Counil demandlrasn end to aggression against Botswana. February Smith regime admits that 64 freedom fighters were baggedii tShe last vear iin woos Saith and Vorster ttempts nts to reach a legel in Rhodesia, the imnent has made a ning the agreement 'anith regime. sts have always because the regime prepared to counIan which could lead Ia. er 1966 on HMS Ictoper 1968 'on , the-Smith regime isals'put forward by r Wilson, which were ire favourable to the V regime than thp of 1976. yr 1971 settlement agreed between tary Sir Alec iand the regime, but we had the effect of iheathing white afidthey were overjected by the mbbweans under of the specially- 1973 January

-teievision workers renege on SA boycott ACTT, the film and television technicians' union, has lifted its 'cultural boycott' policyon South Africa. An AA NEWS correspondent explains some of the reasons for the decision and argues that renewed efforts must be madgto restore this pressure on South Africa. . LAST month ACTT,-the Association of Cinemsatogrdph, Television and allied Technicians, narrowly decided at its national conference to reject its long standing policy on South Africa. By 119 votes to 105, the conference passed a resolution pointing out that the prime functioe of the union was to safeguard its membership and warning the union of the ramifications of implementing 'political policies'. Previous policy had become gradually more comprehensive. At last year's conference it was decided to extend previous policy so that members were instructed not to work in South Africa, not to "-vrocess film (except news and documentary material l, and to ban the sale of programmes from and to South Africa. Alan Sapper, General Secretary of ACTT, pointed out to the conference that the policy had succeeded in stemming the flow of such material, especially commercials, though there had been some exploitation of loopholes. SACTU, the South African Congress of Trade Unions, had many times thanked the union for its resolute stand despite the difficult economic climate in the industry. Robert Bolt, President of the union, also spoke at this year's conference, saying that in his view the existing polico was 'morally, socially and politically' laudable but.that members had to realise that such a policy, if retained, needed to be supported by the whole union membership or great harm might come to the union as a result. With the development of the South African film and TV industries, this narrow decision opens up a very dangerous hole in the cultural boycott maintained for many years by the three main unions in the field - ACTT, the Musicians Union and Equity, and it makes the need for individuals in thepe unions, and others, to intensify their efforts to restore this policy or at the very least to improve exfsting policy, even greater. Many members of ACTT are disturbed at the implications of the new non-policy on South Africa. It is ironic that it should come just at the time when the South African Government has stepped up its repression in the cultural field. Kani and Ntshona were detained last year. Gibson Kente, James Mathews and other leading figures continue to be restricted in their artistic activities Demonstrate against Youth Unemployment - Sunday May 29 Assemble: Speakers Corner, Hyde Park 1.30 pm March to Trafalgar Square Sponsored by the London Committee Against Youth Unemployment. Supporters include: North London AUEW, No 8 Qonfederatiobof Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions, Greater London Association of Trades Councils Russell Kerr MP, Arthur Latham MP New,,. posters Apartheid in Practice. Law and Order in South Africa Apartheid n Practice: Health and Housing in South Africa Apartheid in Practice: Jobs and Wages in South Africa Apartheid in Practice: Education in South Africa Apartheid in Practice: Land in South Africa 15p each or 50p for set of 5 Stop Deaths in Detention! Release All South African Political Prisoners! Stop the Torture of South African Political Detainees! 151p each Published by the AntiApartheid Movement in cooperation with the UN Centre Against Apartheid Release all Southern African, Political Prisoners Published by SAIS (Southern Africa-The Imprisoned Society) Price 15p Available from: AAM 89 Charlotte St, LonJonAWIP 2DQ In the last Year the ACTT policy hd really begun to bite. Both in South Africa and here there were powerful interests that made strong efforts - in which theywere sometimes successful _ to circumvent the ban. They and others - TV sales departments, producers and directors - recognised that operations in and with South Africa could be extremely lucrative. It is widely known-that such recognition did not stop there but transformed itself into efforts to bring about a weakening of the boycott. They succeeded. We hope that the policy will change again next year and that members of other unions will maintaintheir policies. We hope too that the vigilance of the ordinary supporters of the old policy outside ACTT will be stepped up. Public pressure has been quite effective in changing the minds of artists and others who have wanted to go to South Africa in the past. But, already the policy change is being exploited. If you'see South African films in your area, or adverts on TV, protest, because, for the time being at least, there is very little that ACTT-as a union can do about this and all other attempts to smash down the cultural boycott fence put up around South Africa over the past few years. The Musicians Onion instructs its members not to work in South Africa. Equity asks performers going to South Africa for live performances to sign a declaration that they will not appear in South Africa if they are forbidden to play before multi racial audiences and the union does not providei Equity contracts. AflTV sales are banned by Equity and a move to extend this ban to cover film, radio, cassettes and other recorded material was defeated by only 12 votes in a near 2000-vote referendum last year. Burton stars in SA propaganda film RICHARD Burton isto star in a the South African mercenary in film which seems designed as a their trial of survival - has trerhenpublic relations exercise for me- dous overtones of 'getting cgnarism, to be'shot in South together'" Africa and Swaziland later this year. 'Whispering Death", the film of The film "The Wild Geese" is author Daniel Carney's earlier book, based on a novel by white Rhode- is currently showing in Britain. It 1sian Daniel Carney, whose earlier tells the story ofa white man's 'novel 'Whispering Death" has pursuit of a "terrorist" group Whose already been filmed in Rhodesia. black leader has raped and murd'rerThe technical adviser will be for- ed his wife and amounts to a mar Congo mercenary, Mike Hoare. thoroughly racist'commentary on It will till the story of a mercen Rhodesia's guerrilla War from the ary army recruited to rescue the viewpoint of the white minority. deposed black president of an Equipment, technical assistance and African country from the death personnel for some scenes in the sentence. Other stars who will film were provided by the Smith appear in it are Robert Mitchum, regime's Ministry of Defence. Roger Moore, Stephen Boyd, The production of the film also Trevor Howard and David Niven. involved large-scale sanctions The film's producer, Ewan busting. It was made and financed Lloyd, has said: "This fim will. be by a West Gernman company, Lord very worthwhile to South Africa's Films of Munich, and start Trevor relationship with the rest of the Howard, James Faulkner, Sybil world.. DanningandChkistopherLee. "The theme - oarticularly It was dismissed by LBC's film, pivoted on the growing respect critic as "this odious little film" between thebilack president and when it opened in Lonidon. NALGO calls for UK trade embargo against Namibia THE local government workers consider cancelling the contract if union NALGO has asked the mandatory sanctions were imposed British Government to take the - on tsaaf with Namibia by the UN initiative in calling on the UN Security Council. A reply from the Security Couecil to impose a trade Chairman of British Nuclear Fuels embargo onNamibia. similarlyreferredtothedecisionof The issue was first raised in the Security Council in June 1975 i NALGO's National Executive not to impose sanctions under Council last November, when Section V1lof the UN Charter "as I Tony Ayland, a member of the the situation in Namibia is not a AAM Trade Union Committee, threat to the peace". proposed a motion condemning In March NALGO's Executive British Nuclear Fuels' ontract carried an amendment to Tony $ with Rio Tinto Zinc for the supply Ayland's motion which asked for a o A urani um from Namibia. " ft r thor approach to the overn. NALGO was subsequently told mrt to support a mandatory by Fqreigns Secretary David Omen embargo. NALGO has subsequently that the Government would only " written to the Foreign Secretary S"- but has not yet received a reply. 1) _3

SWAPO asks UK for bovcott 1 SHAPUA KAUKUNGUA was recently appointed by SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organisation of Namibia) as its representative in Western Europe, In an interview with ANTI-APARTHEID NEWS he appealed to supporters of the Anti-Apartheid Movement to support SWAPO's struggle for a unitary independent Namibia. What attitude is SWAPO asking the British Government to take towards the Turnhalle talks and South Africa's plan for the setting up of an 'interfm government' in Namibia' We are very clear on the Turnhalle conference - we do not recognise it in any way and we ask our friends all over the world to support our stand. The BritishGovernment is committed to establishment of a unitary state in Namibla and we urge it not to recognise the ko-called 'interim government'. In February member countries of the EEC issued a joint statement warning South Africa not to go ahead with its constitutional plan in Namibia. The statement made it clear that any government set up by the Turnhalle would not be accorded international recognition. We appreciate this stand and trust that the EEC countries mean what they say. This applies also to the attitude taken by Western ambassadors who held a meeting on Namibia with Vorster recently in Cape Town and told him that settingsup an'interim government' would not solve the problem. We say that the only way there can be peaceful change in Namibia is if South Africa allows the UN to supervise elections in Namibia, in whicl the people can vote for a government of their own choice. We want peace - but only when South Afica genuinely accepts the transfer of power to the Namibiarl people. Until then we will go on fighting anddo everything in our power to frustrate schemes like the Turnhalle. What other measures is SWAPO asking the British Government to take in relation to Namibia? The Western powers must realise that as long as they have trade relations with South Africa they are strengthening the apartheid regime and encouraging its illegal occupation of Namibia. We'are completely opposed to that and ask all governments and organisations to comply with UN resolutions on Namibia and cat all economic links with South Africa in regard to Namibia. We have made it clear that if Western countries - including Britain - continue to trade in Namibia, that will hinder future relations SWAPO will review treaties and contracts when it wins power. So we urge the British Government to reconsider its position and look forward to the future. In particular we ask the British Government to refrain from importing uranium from Namibia and to cancel the British cntract for the supply of uranium from Rio Tinto Zinc's mine at Rossing. How can British people support the struggle for an independent Namibia? We ask them to support our struggle by giving-us both political and material support. In Namibia the liberation struggle isfed by SWAPO and we urge people to support struggle through SWAPO. We are asking groups actively involved in the situation -,like local antiapartheid groups - to explain to people SWAPO's policies and aims. Then there are specific issues like the current campaign to collect funds to buy medical kits for SWAPO: we appeal to people to contribute for that. We need medical aid both for wounded comrades and for local people What is the situation of political prisoners in Namibia? * Many areas in northern Namibia are under a State of Emergency and in some areas people are arrested and - detained indefinitely. The police have absolute power to arrest people without warrant and detain them in camps. There are many camps -at Oshakati, Rundu, Oshikango, Odibo, Katima Mulilo and some others. There are reports that people are tortured there to intimidate them into telling the movements of our freedom fighters - because our fighters depend on the support of the local people. What has happened to Aaron fhushimba and Hendrik Shikongo since they won their appeal against the death sentences in March? Aaron Mushimba and Hendrik Shikongo were sentenced t6 death simply for being members of SWAPO: International pressure for their release was very high and because of that the injustice of their trial was exposed even by the South African regime's own courts. But now they are in danger of being rearrested, like two other SWAPO members, Axel Johannes and Victor Nkandi. The South African regime knows that in order to set up its 'interim government' it must try to neutralise SWAPO. It knows that it cannot carry through its plans if SWAPO is campaigning against them, because support for SWAPO is at a very high level. So we fear that many of our comrades will be arrested. On this we are trying to alert the international community to speak out and warn South Africa that arrests of Namibian people and SWAPO members cannot stop the struggle. The people of Namibia will continue the struggle for liberation until our country is completely free. -, Support Namibia medical cal THE campaign to raise funds for medical kits to be sent to SWAPO is receiving nationwide support. ASTMS, ASLEF, A UEW, the Iraqi Students Society, Kingston Black Students Group, Middlesex Poly,technic StudentsbUnion are among organisations who have donated £100 or more (which covers the cost of one kit), It is thanks to such generous support that a preliminary batch of kits, due to be sent in early May, can already be paid for, including transport. Mishake Muyongo, vice-president . of SWAPO, said in a recent interview in London that there could be no better way for supp orters in the UK to contribute towards the struggle to free Namibia from South African control. Medical Kits such as these, which contain a range of pain killers and surgical instruments, enable, field doctors and nurses to pive immediate attention to wounded comrades at the front (approximerely I doctor or nurse per guerrilla unit of 12-15). As the war has intensified, casualties have inevitably increased. SWAPO doctors and nurses will also be able to take the portable kits into the rural areas of the operational zones where the medical nied is desperate, SWAPO medical aid kit The atrocious medical service in The success of the medical kits northern Namibia is one of the campaign depends entirely on the consequences of South African degree of support received. The occupation. The story of health Namibia Support Committee is facilities for black Namibians reads appealing urgently to organisations like a catalogue of horrors. For and supporters to continue to help example, two Anglican church in anyway they can to raise funds hospitals were closed by the South for the kits. It can arrange for African authorities in September speakers and films to be shown at 1974. The South African authori- meetings ties have also refused to allow Anyone who could help,or officials of the World Health would like further information, Organisation into Namibia to contact the Namibia Support investigate outbreaks of bubonic Committee, 21-25TabernacleSt,plague. LondonEC2, tel 01-58 4342. FURS Picture by Morning St Protesters picketed sales of karakul pelts from Namibia, in the City of London on March 25 Apartheid will stay under new regime THE Nationalist Party in Namibia has fixed on May 17 as the date for a referendum for the white"population group" to vote on the Turnhalle's plans for an interim government in the territory. The Bantustan blueprint for Namibia's "independence" that has been worked out in Windhoek has been enthusiastically endorsed' by the Nationalist Party at an Extraordinary Congress, where it was also agreed to maintain closel ties With the Nationalist Party in South Africa. As the Vorster regime moves ahead with its plans, it is clearer then ever that uander the Turnhalle scheme for a so-called "three-tier" government incorporating the. existing bantustan authorities, the political and economic status quo of apartheid will be retained intact. The Soyth African army will remain entrenched in Namibia while effective control over the proposed "multiracial" central government will be exercised from Pretoria. The contract labour system, which operates even more rigidly in Namibia where about 75 per cent of all labour is supplied by migrant workers - than in'South Africa itself, will continue and has in fact barely been mentioned by the Turhalle delegates in recent months. Under the South African laws that have been imposed on Namibia, all residents of-bentustans are forced to seek contracts; all male Africans over the age of 16 who cannot prove that they are self-emplqyed or in full-time education are obliged by law to register as "work-seekers" with a South African labour bureau in their bantustan These labour bureaux can then assign a person to any job in the white areas regardless of personal preference. No African can even obtain a railway ticket without the appropriate "work-seeker's permit". All this will stay. The Turnhalle has agreed that the hated pass laws shall be retained for the time being, and plans are already well in hand to issue every "inhabitant of Namibia"with a uniform "identity document" on top of the pass, incorporating the words "South African citizen (inhabitant of South West Africa)" and denoting the holder's racial group by means of a code. In the words of the special committee set up by the Turnhalle to make recommendations on labour and the pass laws, identity documents are "indispnsAble in the applicatibn of control over the daily movement of people" arid they have an obvious security function in enforcing border security and combating the activities of SWAPO freedom fighters. 'Reject Turnhalle'- SWAPO conference in Namibia AT a conference in Windhoek on March 29, SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organisation of Namibia) reaffirmed its opposition to the Turnhalle tribal talks. The meeting also stated that SWAPO would have nothing to do with any elections held on an ethnic basis. Delegates elected Daniel Tjongarero as new Deputy Chairman, acting for Chairman David Meroro who has fled into exile in Zambia, and Aaron Mushimba, recently released after being held under sentence of death, as Treasurer. Hendrik Wittooi, a former member of the Nama groups which disbanded last year so that their members could join SWAPO, was chosen as Secretary for Education and Culture, and Martha Ford as Secretary of the Women's Council. Recent booklist A comprehensive list of recent publications on Namibia has been compiled by the Lutheran World Federation. "Namibia Bibliography 1976 - Part 11" is available from LWF Department of Studies, PO Box No 66, Route de Ferney 150, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland. whfy DiacK sportsmen reject SA Sport Minister s 'new deal NEW attempts are being made by the South African Government, white sportsmen and admfinistrators to deceive the world into thinking that apart heid is being eradicated from South African sport. But has there really been any change especially at the most important level, the clubs. A more thorough examination pf the situation explains why opponents of apartheid sport both inside and outside the country have rejected the Government's 'new' pqlicy and are continuing to hold out for truly non-racial sport at all levels. Last September the South African Minister of Sport, Dr Koornhof, announced changes in the Government's sports policy which Would alow black and white clubsto play against each other in certain circumstances - but integrated clubs were not permitted. The main points of Koornhofis statement were: " that white, Coloured, Indian and African sportsmen and women should belong to their own clubs * that the committees or councils of the different race groups could consult together so as to advance the interests of the sport con cerned * that interg roup competition in individual types of sport should be allowed at all levels, if the controlling bodies so decided is that in team sports, the councils or committees of each race group should arrange their own leagues within the racial group * that councils or committees could arrange leagues or matches enabling teams from different racial groups to compete - but only in consultation with the Minister that each racial group should NUS-AAM Network NATIONAL STUDENT CONFERENCE July 1 - 3 Loughborough University Further details: NUS, 3 Endsleigh St, London WC1,or AAM,89 Charlotte St. London WIP 2D arrange its own relations with other countries and that each should award its own badges or colours 0 that teams comprising players from all racial groups could represent South Africa and be awarded colours whichwould incorporate the national flag or its colours Opponents of apartheid sport condemned this as an extension of the 'multinational' sports policy to the club level. A few black sportsmen have joined white clubs - and vice versa. The reason why no action has been taken against them is that the adverse international publicity which would result from prosecuting sportsmen would not be worthwhile because the numbers involved are so small. Instead the Government 'discourages' integrated clubs by intimidation and pressure of various kinds. Three white rugby players who have turned out for non-racial clubs in Port Elizabeth recently described how they had evidence that they were under security police surveillance ,In case white racism and police intimidation do not continue to be as efficient as in the past at preventing mired clubs, the Government has introduced the Reservation of Public Amenities Amendment Act which etends the definition of 'public amenities' which may be reserved for the exclusive use of a particular race group to sports facilities. Another aspect of the new policy is the extension of the use of stooge bodies with black participa tion. In cricket and football 'motivating committees' have been set up made up of black and white delegates, with a black figurehead but with effective white controtl. The 'motivating committee' for cricket agreed to introduce 'normal' cricket from last season. But from the start there were controversies over the interpretation of the agreement which have'led to the virtual disintegration of the scheme. - Two of the three strongest units of the former non-racial federation SACB6C are no longer participating in the new structure, and are considering reconstituting SACBOC. Last December it was announced that tbe 1977 national bowls championships would be open to black clubs - provided they agreed to affiliate to the white association. It is estimated-that there are about 350 black bowlers compared to 67,00O whites. Black bowlers rejected the idea of forming their own association affiliated to the white one. bectse there are too few black clubs to provide regular competition In tennis, the black organisation affiliated to the white union withdrew from all 'multinational' tournaments last year on the grounds that the whites were making no attempt to introduce non-racial tennis atoall levels. Anti -Apartheid Movement SPONSORED WALK Sunday May 15 1i , A \ i Ap1 ti ihid Mtorxcitntish liltit , sp osoreI d ailk inIpping Iorest in Sunday May[,\i 15tI,,ioc mui -nCcrtdcashto c IsethIn istrit, n tci\ vit ns 's budget. " I Its slkwill I I I rtnThcyudn Bitt,t Ilc ,,itii ,si 1 pm atnt end there at approvximatcly Ii[i1t uelll11twIo riiulcs Jt Ill is)1tiles. a pipeiIto Iill . t...... bs,I i iciit, t suIIessII,ohvalk Iv taking purhith',,vcv sr bysI.tl.oii rig sitlsln'tln shoor h. ""pnis.rsohip I..i....sr,r ,iiltltrIi..A.I, .IoIIilv" Anlvi Ap'itlis'l, irv"mtilett, XlJ Cht 1iim ,1t,vtsl 1)'li 21K).1(15801 I5I. planned v. racist teami PLANS for a concerted campaign against a series of events in which white South African sportsteanm are to take part this summer at South Coast resorts, will be disssed at a meetingat Sussex Uniersity on April 30. The speakers at the meeting will be Samba Ramnmy, Chairman of SANROC, Joan Brickhill and Peter Hai., The caipaiga will be oordinied by an umbrella body - Sussex Campaign Against Racism in-Sport (SCARS). The events are e Women's Bowling Championships, May 20 - June 4, Worthing o Federation Cup, Jiune 1-18, Eastbourne r ers,une'29,Hastings : *rDerekRobinsXlvWestern.sarenotallowdtOjoin, Province,June30,Hastings Hastings says Go Ime' to apartheid cricketers "Mr Derek Robins' Xl will play matches against Wanderers Cricket Club of Johannesgirg and Western Province Cricket Club on June 29 30 and July 1 at the Central Cricket Ground in Hastings." Thisannouncementb y Ground Committee Chairman Graeme Mounsey in the Hastings & St Leonard Observer on February 12 sparked off a local protest which has now become Part of tbe nationat AAM campaign against South African sports visits to South Coast resorts this summer. The protest campaign focused on two vital meetings. On March 30 Ahe AGMA of the Central Ground rejected a motion calling for the withdrawal of the invitation by-46 votes to 36 - a margin regarded as encouragingfy close by campaign leaders. Further encouragement was forthcoming on April 2 when Leslie Hairiman, chairman of the UN Special Committee Against Apartheid, sent a telegram to the Mayor of Hastings urging him to respect UN resolutions . However, the Borough Counr,61 at tS meeting on April 5, voted by 18 11 to reject a Liberal motion calling on the Council to request the Grqund Committee to withdrawv the invitation The striking feature of the moeaning was the cynical relbctance of the majority Tory group to discuss apartheid at all, and their mono lithic opposition to te withdrawal motion. The Tory Party - andthe National Front - are the only major groups in Hastings not so far to have declared their opposition to the visit. General feeling in the town now is that the Ground Committee is now out on a limb and will only go ahead with the visit at its peri, the Council by itsostrich-like attitude will precipitate the very trouble they wish to avoid. At present however the signs are that the Committee seems deter mined to ignore increasingly urgent calls for the iovitation to be withdrawn. Remember Soweto! End British collaboration with apartheid! Support the liberation movements! Solidarity with the people and students of Southern Africal MARCH AND RALLY Saturday June 18 NUS calls for maximum support to commemorate the beginning fthe uprisings in South Africa on June 16 last year Astemble:SpeakersCorner,HydePark,1pm * March to Bull Ring Speakers: Nkosazana Dlami, former Vice President SASO Dan Hopewell, President NUSS Tsietsi Mashinini, Soweto Students Representative Council Sue Slipman, President Elect NUS Publicity material available from NUS International Department. Organised by NUS, 3 Endsleigh St, London WC1. Tel 01 387 1277

How Israel ISRAEL has become established as one of the Vorster regime's few international allies., A new report by the UN Special Committee Against Apartheid traces the history of the South African-Israeli speciaI relationship and provides a comprehensive survey of the links between the two countries. South African-Israeli relations grew closer after the June 1967 war and coqperation increased by leaps and bounds after the war of October 1973. The most significant recent event was Prime Minister Vorster's visit to Israel in April 1976 when he concluded agreements on economic, scientific and industrial collaboration between the two countries. During his visit he inspected the Kfir military aircraft factory toured strategic areas in the -southern Sinai The significance of his visit brought 6ut by an editorial in Rand Daily Mai: "There is no gainsaying the signal nature of Vorster's triumph this week. achieving a publicly announce economic, scientific and indus pact with Israel be has done fa more than merely formal ise I that have, in any case, been gr stronger. He has, in fact, acqt for South Africa a public frien avowed ally, at a time when t country confronts an increasi hostile world and an increasin aggressive black Africa." Israel's military cooperatio the apartheid regime has grow rapidly in the last few years. taken the form both of suDoli supports and militaryequipment and of assistance repo in counter-insurgency training and diam -the use of sophisticated weaponry. dianwas InAugust1976 theIsraeliradio Ir the announced that Israel was building uod two long-rangegunboatsarmed pron Mr with sea-to-seamissilesforthe iB61 By SouthAfricanNavy.Unofficial Ii d sourceswerequotedashavingsaid desif ttrial that 50 South African naval officers targir and theirfamilies had arrived in Trac rnds Israel and wouldtake deliveryof expi owing' the boats in January 1977. fina iired- Tradebetween the two countries I id, an has also increased rapidly - it has Afrihis almostdoubledsincetheOctober thro ngly 1973 war. Israel's biggest import pub gly fromSouthAfricaisraw diamonds, Israt which are not included in statistics pie, n with for trade between the two countries cher n since sales are carried out through Berl It has London. Israel is one of the world's Trar es of leading diamond processors and I The Great White Hoax ~ South Africa's propaganda machine The Great White Hoax - South of UK moneyinvested in Souih other countries combined." Africa'sinternationalpropaganda Africa. Thebook coniludes with som machine. Published by Africa "The Great White Hoax" clearly carefully documented sections traces the enormously expensive exposing some of the untruths of Bureau, 48 Grafton Way, London and sophisticated communications South African official propagand W1.£1. andlobbyingnetworkinvolved, fornon-white education and "ARE your opinions your own -or from the official propaganda minis- health, the quite vicious South are you being manipulated for try in Pretoria through other African government propaganda someone else's gain?" was the cry government agencies, private exercise in Namibia against SWA of an anti-PR group in an American "fellow traveller"groups both in and the. series of frauds - histori election some years ago. It's a ques- South Africa and overseas, and political and economic - on whi tion one could well ask of large persistent "objective" propaganda the vaunted "black homelands" numbers of British people and . echoes from British and American Bantustan policy is based. groups - including nearlyall our citizens deeplydeceived by Actual examples of South industrialists and right-wing politi- Pretoria's forked tongue. Indeed, African propaganda advertisemer cians - after reading "The Great perhapsthe most chilling section of are given in the text, there is an WhiteHoax". thebookis'PartFour - Propaganda unusually detailed and most usef Because what the bookmakes in America - where Mr Vorster's index, and the back, cover should - crystal-clear is that, with the use of deception machine is so deeply be obligatory-teading for all Briti - everycommunication medium entrenched that an American news- newspape editors, industrialists known to man, and with rigged paper editor has actually com- with South African ties, and facts and dishonest arguments plained: "I receive more propaganda potential British emigrants to So slickly streamlined by government from South Africa than from all Africa. For neatly and precisely propagandists in Pretoria, Britain - lists and quotes the main racist ia and indeed most of the world - is -of anti-Semitic Nazi Germanybeing extensively deceived by racist ,, andprovesthatSouthAfrica'ski SouthAfricaabouteverythingfrom o raciallaws,sectionbysection, the Bantustans totherealsecurity in , pointbypoint,arethoseofNazi Germany - applied to blacks ASIAANDAFRICATODAY SouUiAft*f l insteadoftoJews. NO wnoer ton, tat oe o Great changes have taken place in Africa and Asia in the last few years-as more and more countries have thrown off the shackles of imperialism in their drive for national liberation and independence. A question frequently asked is: "What is the attitude of the Soviet Union to these new developments?" Now is your chance to find out-by subscribing to a new English-language journal-ASIA AND AFRICA TODAY-which is poated to you direct from Moscow. An illustrated bi-monthly, thisjournal looks at political, economic and cultural life in African and Asian countries. A subscription costs £1.50 for one year 4fi imues) and 12.25 for two years (12 issues), Send this form, with yosrremittance, to Central Books LId, 37 Grays Inn Rd, London WCIX 8PS Please supply ASIA AND AFRICA TODAY for I year/2 years Nam e ...... Address...... --...... I enclose - ...... bsy M e asay A jOint Are-A4gtli MSOON/ A joint Apti-Apartheid Movement /Haslemn" Group publication. Price 35p. Fro:t AAM89 CharIqtte St, London WIP 2DQ. its ab cal, ish uth it awe ey No wonder, then, that one of the majorproducts and exports of racist white South Africa isthe slickly- polisbedl untruth, intended to deceive the world about apartheid, and about much else besides. For the unmasked truth about South Africa might sicken even those in other countries who so often defend that infamous state and its "God-fearing government". And that, after all, is why South Africa spends such vast sums on worldwide propaganda that, checked point by point against the documented facts, is found to by nothing but a dangerous hoax. apartheid rtedly buysalmost half its raw onds from South Africa's ond mining giant De Beers. n 1974 Israel and South Africa rrook a joint campaign to note oranges and orange juice ritain. n April 1975 South Africa was gnated a "preferred export t" by the Israeli Ministry of de and Industry, and Israeli orters were granted spacial ncial concessions. sraeli investment in South ca hastiaken place primarily ugh joint undertakings by it and private corporations. eI's Koor Industries, for examis involved in an agricultural micals plant project in the in "border area" near the nskei. srael ias recently shown interest 'in investing in the Bantustans. In April 1976, an Israeli delegation attended a symposium organised in the Transkei by the South African Foreign Affairs Association. Israel is being used by South Africa as a manufacturing base from which to evade the boycott against it. It is'also using it as a springboard for circumventing EEC and US tariffs on its products. South African semi- finished goods can be exported to Israel and finished there to qualify for an Israeli certificate of origin, thus taking advantage of Israel's free-trade agreements with the EEC and the US. "Relations Between Israel and Sourl Africa " is published by the UN Special Committee Against Apartheid andis available from the Anti-Apartheid Movement IGill n J SOME fifteen years ago Gillian Jewell, graduate of Rhodes UniversitV and the Sorbonne, was lecturing in French at the University of Cape Town. The early 1960s, aftermath of Sharpeville and the massive response of the African people, was a period of high activity in the Congress Movement, which has since intensified. Gillian Jewell was among the activists. Gillian was a dedicated, committed woman who implemented her beliefs at every level. Fund raising was then -- as now - an important if unpopular task. She ,was a woman of considerable intellectual ability and this wosrk would not appear to have suited her natural inclinations. Nevertheless she recognised its political importance and applied to it her extraordinary energy and imagination. At the time she was working in 'Amalizo', a highly successful fund raising group chaired by Looksmart Solwandle Ngudle, the first detainee known to have been murdered in detention. After my imprisonment in 1963, Gillian visited me regularly in Pretoria. In 1966, however, she was herself detained under the 180-day clause (the Criminal Procedure Amendment Act No 96). The horrors of her experience in prison at the hands of the security police triggered off the illness which dogged her relentlessly for the rest of her life. The tragic circumstances of her death momentarily draw aside a curtain, giving valuable, albeit horrifying, insights into the torture I chamber which so many of our comrades have not survived. Although Gillian was to die almost eleven years after her detention, she was no less certainly a victim of the vicious apartheid regime than 1 Looksmart who preceded her by nearly fourteen years. This fact cannot be over-stressed., In 1966 her doctors instructed Gillian to leave South Africa. She did so with great reluctance. She came to England determined to pursue her studies and to do all she could to support the struggle for liberation of the people of South Africa. She tried to resume her academic career, began work on a PhD thesis on violence in.the ' French novel, but had tostop because of her ilnfiss. Ntf er a, ilianbje, a .... REVOLUTIONARY COMMUNIST Latest issues No 5 November 1976 Women's Oppression Under Capitalism South Africa: The Crisis in Britgn and the Apartheid Economy South Africa: International Solidarity and the British Working Class No 6 April 1977 The Communist Parties of Western Europe: The Origins of the National Roads to Socialism The Investment Trap: Are Reforms Impossible? Rsview of "Trotsky and Fatalistic Marxism" (Hodgson) Lenin and the Bolshevik Party. A review of T Cliff's "Lenin" by Bruce Landau, member of the RMC (USA) Plus reviews Price: 50p + 13p postage (overseas 75p + 12p postage) From RCG Publjcatipns t,t0,;4 Rajifton Roat LOnd ntiSE2AULi,"',C ewell writing to me in gaol and her letters did much to sustain me during those long years. She spent some time in' Algeria where she taught and at the same time supported some young people and assisted them with their education. Gillian's selflessness and genersity were total. Her contact concern was for the deprived and she did all she could to remedy their situation, as a committed political person and as an individual. Gillian's passionate love of. literature must be mentioned in this brief tribute'to her. She was deeply fond of Yeats and in conclusion I quote a poem to which she was deeply attached. I went out to the hazel wood, Because a fire was in my head, And cut and peeled a hazel wand, And hooked a berry to a thread. And when white moths were on the wing, And moth-like stars were flickering out, I dropped the berry in a stream And caught a little silver trout. When I had laid it on the floor I went to blow the fire a-flame But something rustled on the floor, And someonecalled me by my name: It had become a glimmering girWith apple blossoms in her hair Who called me by my name and ran And faded through the brightening air. Though I am old with wandering Through hollow lands and hilly lands,. I will find out where she bas gone, And kiss her lips and take her hands; And walk among long dappled grass, And pluck till time and times are done, The silver apples of the moon, The-golden apples of the sun. Jack Tarshish Spotlight on .. BONN-PRETORIA AXIS. Pamphlet published by AntiImperialist Solidarity Committee (FDRI and African National Congress of South Africa. From: Sechaba Publications, 49 Rathbone St, London WIA 4NL Price 25p

Why black sportsmen reject SA Sport Minister's 'new deal' NEW attempts are being made by the South African Government, white sportsmen and administrators to deceive the world into thinking that apartheid is being eradicated from South African sport. But has there really been any change especially at the most important level, the clubs. A more thorough examination pf the situation explains why opponents of apartheid sport both inside and outside the country have rejected the Government's 'new' policy and are continuing to hold out for truly non racial sport at all levels. Lest September the South African Minister of Sport, Or Koornhof, announced changes in the Government's sports policy which would allow black and white clubs-to play against each other in certain circumstances - but integrated clubs were not permitted. The main points of Koornhof's statement were. * that white, Coloured, Indian and African sportsmen and women should belong to their own clubs as that the committees or coun cils of the different race groups could consult together so as to advance the interests of the sport concerned is that inter group competition in individual types of sport should be allowed at all levels, if the controlling bodies so decided " that in team sports, the councils or committees of each race group should arrange their own leagues within the racial group * that councils or committees could arrange leagues or matches enabling teams from different racial groups to compete - but only in consultation with the Minister that each racial group should NUS-AAM Network NATIONAL STUDENT CONFERENCE - July 1- 3 Loughboroughtniversity Further details: NUS. 3 Endsleigh St, London WC1, or AAM, 89 Charlotte St, London WIP 200 j arrange its own relations with other countries and that each should award its own badges or colours 0 that teams comprising players from all racial groups could represent South Africa and be awarded colours which would incorporate the national flag or its colours Opponents of apartheid sport condemned this as an extension of the 'multinational' sports policy to the club level, A few black sportsmen havre joined white clubs - and vice versa, The reason why no action has been taken against them is that the adverse international publicity which would result from prosecuting sportsmen would not be worthwhile because the numbers involsed are so small. Instead the Government 'discourages' integrated clubs by intimidation and pressure of various kinds. Three white rugby players who have turned out for non-racial clubs in Port Elizabeth recently described how they had evidence that they were under security police surveillance ,In case white racism and police intimidation do not continue to be as efficient as in the past at preventing mii'ed clubs, the Government has introduced the Reservation of Public Amenities Amendment Act which extends the definition of 'poblic amenities'which may be reserved for the exclusive use of a particular race group to sports facilities. Another aspect of the new policy is the-extension of the use df stsoge bodies with black participation. In cricket and football 'moti. vating committees' have been set up made up of black and white delegates, with a black figurehead but with effective white controlThe 'motivating committee' for cricket agreed to introduce 'normal' cricket from last season. Butfrom the start there were controversies over the interpretation of the agreement which haverled to the virtual disintegration of the scheme. - TWO of the three strongest units of the former non-racial federation SACBOC are no longer participating in the new structure, and are con sidering reconstituting SACBOC. Last December it was announced that the 1977 national bowls championships would be open to black clubs - provided they agreed to affiliate to the white association. It is estimated that there are about 350 black bowlers compared to 67,000 whites. Black bowlers rejected the idea of forming their own association affiliated to the white one, because there aretoo few black dubs to provide regular competition In tennis, the black orgenisation affiliated to the white union withdrew from all 'multinational' tournaments last'year on the grounds that the whites were making no attempt to introduce non-racial tennis at all levels. Anti-Apartheid Movement '.SPONSORED WALK / Sunday May 15 h, l , s -AI i\pai ut i iMoiinc I is horlin t spos iinsord "alk Si I Epping F iirest in Sunda May i Iy 5 17, i.sc mi c-needed a cas t case the strins i Ii the Misoveenter 's uldgict. i salk will s hori Irm ri cydon Bris trie ositiui at 1 pm and enl there at approiximatelyt p". I i. ,rill be 1-r rirules o"l anid I, iiles. %\, ipeAl Iii all Loishn ieubers t((i 1111i c ilitc. o e success iii ltst' sswalk Iy taking part Ais- H ' I lte i 1-1tis,,s,,89 Cine , rsiho . 21 p" "o8[osohil,Ior,m,an,ri \;lahtc Iro, Ih, AAMX oll'ice. ... Ani - Ail",I ,;'hid Mh,c nroh wSi Chm(fh,tt St, I fod )t It 21)Q. [de 580 53 11.. planned . racist teami PLANS for a concerted Campeign laalst a series of events in whicht white South African sports team ae to take part this summer a South Coast resorts, will be dismased at a meeting at Samse University on April 30. The seakern at the meeting will be Sumba Ramamy Chairman of SANROC, Joan Brickhlll and Peter Haln The campaign wil be sordinlby an umbrella body - Sussex Cmpaign Against Racism insSport (SCARS). The events are . *Women's Bowling Champon ship, May 20 - Jue 4, Worthing * -Federation Cuph Je 13-18. Eastbourne S Derek Robins Xi Wanderers. June 29, Hastings * Derek Robins XI vWestern is are not allowed to join - Province, June 30, Hastings Hastings says "Go iome' to apartheid cricketers "Mr Derek Robins' Xl will play matches against Wanderers Cricket Club of Johannesbtrg and Western Province Cricket Club on June 2930 and July 1 at the Central Cricket Ground in Hastings." Thisannouncement by Ground Committee Chairman Graeme Mounsey in the Hastings & St Leoair Observ on February 12 sparked off a local protest which has now become part of the national AAM campaign against South African sports visits to South Coast resorts this summer. The protest campaign focused on two vital meetings. On March 30 the AGM of the Central Gwound rejected a motion calling for the withdrawal of theinvitationby 46 votes to 36 - a margin regarded as encosuragingty close by camrpaign leaders. Further encouragement was forthcoming on April 2 when Leslie Harriman. chairman of the UN Special Committee Against Apartheid, sent a telegram to the Mayor of Hastings urging him to respect UN resplutions . However, the Borough Counl, at Lts meeting on April 5, voted by 18 11 to reject a Liberal motion calling on the Council to request the Ground Committee to withdrew the invitation The striking fetec of the renting was the cynical reluctance o the majority Tory grou to discuss apartheid at all, and their mono lithic opposition to the withdrawal motion. The Tmry Party - and the National Front - are the only major groups in Hastings not so far to have declared their opposition to the visit. General feeling in the-town now is that the Ground Committee is now out on a limb and will only go ahead with the visit at its peril, the Council by its ostrich like attitude will precipitate the very trouble they wish to avoid. At present however the signs are that the Committee seems deter minedeo ignore increasinglyurgpet calls for the invitation to be withdrawn. Remember Sowetol End British collaboration with apartheid! Support the liberation movements!, Solidarity with the people and students of Southern Africa' MARCH AND RALLY Saturday June 18 NUS Calls for maximum support to commemorate the beginning of the uprisings in South Africa on June 15last year !Assemble: Speakers Corner, Hyde Park, 1 pm March to Bull Ring Speakers: Nkosazana Dlamini, former Vice President SASO Dan Hopewell, President NUSS Tsietsi Mashinini, Soweto Students Representative Council Sue Slipman, President Elect NUS Publicity material available from NUS International Department Organsed by NUS, 3 Endsleigh St, London WC1. Tel 01 387 1277 r . . . .