The Dissociation Theory of Pierre Janet
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Cognitive Hypnotherapy for Psychological Management of Depression in Palliative Care
Review Article Cognitive hypnotherapy for psychological management of depression in palliative care Assen Alladin Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary Medical School, Calgary, Canada Correspondence to: Assen Alladin, PhD. R.Psych. Department of Psychiatry, Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 29th Street NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada. Email: [email protected]. Abstract: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in palliative care is well documented, yet they often remain undetected and untreated, adding further to the burden of suffering on patients who are already facing severe physical and psychosocial problems. This article will focus on depression as it represents one of the most common psychiatric disorders treated by psychiatrists and psychotherapists in palliative care. Although depression in palliative care can be treated successfully with antidepressant medication and psychotherapy, a significant number of depressives do not respond to either medication or existing psychotherapies. This is not surprising considering depression is a complex disorder. Moreover, the presentation of depression in palliative care is compounded by the severity of the underlying medical conditions. It is thus important for clinicians to continue to develop more effective treatments for depression in palliative care. This article describes cognitive hypnotherapy (CH), an evidence-based multimodal treatment for depression which can be applied to a wide range of depressed patients in palliative care. CH, however, does not represent a finished product; -
Personality Theory and the Nature of Human Nature Robert Hogan
Personality Theory and The Nature of Human Nature Robert Hogan & Ryne A. Sherman Hogan Assessment Systems Pre-print under review for special issue at Personality and Individual Differences Abstract This overview of modern personality theory makes six points. First, personality theory is crucial for understanding life. Second, life is largely about competition. Third, there is competition within groups for individual status, and there is competition between groups for collective survival. Fourth, academic psychology focuses on within group competition, but between group competition can be more consequential. Fifth, successful within group competition depends on social skill; successful between group competition depends on leadership. And finally, personality determines/explains the outcome of both forms of competition. Personality Theory and The Nature of Human Nature People are the deadliest invasive species in the history of the earth. People have the potential to kill every living thing and, in certain instances have already done so (e.g., passenger pigeons, western black rhinoceros, great auk) or are on their way to doing so (e.g., sea turtles, elephants, tigers, polar bears). Given their frightful potential and world-wide presence, it would be useful to know something about people. Personality psychology is the “go-to” discipline for understanding people; personality psychology is the only discipline whose primary focus is the nature of human nature. What does personality psychology tell us about human nature? The answer depends on whom you ask; or more precisely, to which theory of personality you subscribe. Modern personality psychology began in Vienna at the end of the 19th century, where an amazing flowering of human creativity brought revolutions in a wide variety of fields including architecture, music, physics, medicine, music, painting, literature, economics, and especially philosophy. -
Alfred Adler and Viktor Frankl's Contribution To
ALFRED ADLER AND VIKTOR FRANKL’S CONTRIBUTION TO HYPNOTHERAPY by Chaplain Paul G. Durbin Introduction: In 1972 and 1973, I went through four quarters of Clinical Pastoral Education (C.P.E.) at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington D.C. When I went there, I was a very outgoing person but inside, l felt inferior. When someone gave me a compliment, I would smile and say "Thank you," but inside I would discount the compliment. During the second quarter of C.P.E., our supervisor Chaplain Ray Stephens assigned each student, two pioneer psychologist to present a class on each. I was assigned to report on Alfred Adler and Viktor Frankl. As I prepared those two classes, I began to notice a change in how I felt about myself. I recognized that I could overcome my inferiority feelings (Adler) and that I could have meaning and purpose in my life (Frankl). As a result of those two classes, I went from low man on the totem pole to a class leader. The transformation I experienced (physically, emotionally and spiritually) could be compared to a conversion experience. Adler and Frankl have contributed to my understanding of human personality and how I relate to an individual in the therapeutic situation. Though neither were hypnotherapist, they have contributed greatly to my counseling skills, techniques and therapy. Alfred Adler: What is the difference between "Inferiority Feeling" and "Inferiority Complex" and "Superiority Complex"? What is meant by "Organ Inferiority"? "Birth Order"? "Fictional Fatalism"? "Mirror Technique?" These are concepts developed by Alfred Adler. In his youth, Adler was a sickly child which caused him embarrassment and pain. -
Neuroscience and Psychodynamics Patrick Tomlinson (2021)
1 Meaning Beneath Behaviour – Neuroscience and Psychodynamics Patrick Tomlinson (2021) This article is an introduction to several others I have written on Meaning Beneath Behaviour. These are, 1. Acting Out’ Behaviour of Traumatized Children, through the Lens of Polyvagal Theory (2019) 2. The Meaning of a Child’s Stealing and Other Antisocial Behaviour (2014) 3. Reasons a Traumatized Child Runs Away? (2015) 4. Punishments and Rewards – Consequences and Discipline (2021) 5. Shifting Boundaries: Therapeutic Work and Leadership During the Pandemic (2020) 6. The Capacity to Think: Why it is so Important and so Difficult in Work with Traumatized Children (2015) 7. The Importance and Value of ‘Being’ (2014) 8. Thoughts on the Sexual Abuse of Children (2014) 9. Creative Psychotherapy with Developmental and Complex Trauma – Carol Duffy (2020) 10. The Therapist in me: The Art of Being a Creative Play Therapist During a Pandemic - Carol Duffy (2020) I will start with a definition of neuroscience (Nordqvist, 2017), Neuroscience is the study of how the nervous system develops, its structure, and what it does. Neuroscientists focus on the brain and its impact on behavior and cognitive (thinking) functions. They also investigate what happens to the nervous system when people have neurological, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Sometimes neuroscience and neurobiology are used to mean the same thing. However, neurobiology looks at the biology of the nervous system, while neuroscience refers to anything to do with the nervous system (ibid). These fields of work are intricately connected with medical research. Whereas a psychodynamic approach is more focused on the subjective meaning of what is going on between people and © Patrick Tomlinson 2021 2 between a person’s internal and external worlds. -
Hypnotherapy
WHOLE HEALTH: INFORMATION FOR VETERANS Hypnotherapy Whole Health is an approach to health care that empowers and enables YOU to take charge of your health and well-being and live your life to the fullest. It starts with YOU. It is fueled by the power of knowing yourself and what will really work for you in your life. Once you have some ideas about this, your team can help you with the skills, support, and follow up you need to reach your goals. All resources provided in these handouts are reviewed by VHA clinicians and Veterans. No endorsement of any specific products is intended. Best wishes! https://www.va.gov/wholehealth/ Hypnotherapy Hypnotherapy What is hypnotherapy? Hypnotherapy, or clinical hypnosis, can improve your health by helping you relax and focus your mind.1 Someone trained in this powerful mind-body approach can help you go into a more focused state of mind (called a “hypnotic state”) so you can learn more about yourself, improve your health, and change your habits and thought patterns. How does hypnosis work? Hypnosis can work in several ways:2 • It can draw on your ability to use your imagination to bring about helpful or healthy changes. • The hypnotherapist can offer a therapeutic idea or suggestion while you are in a relaxed and focused state. In this state of focused attention, the effect of the idea or suggestion on your mind is more powerful. That means that you are more likely to take the helpful idea seriously and act on it in the future. This can help you reach your goals faster in your daily life.2 For example, if the hypnotherapist offers the suggestion that you can stop smoking during hypnosis, this may improve your chances of being able to stop. -
HYPNOSIS in SYMBIOSIS Occasionally I Use Hypnosis in A
HYPNOSIS IN SYMBIOSIS Occasionally I use hypnosis in a family therapy context. At times it can be difficult and complex, but often it is very creative and rewarding work. In this case I was using a series of dual inductions, rotating family members as my co-therapists, utilizing their mutual co-dependency as a therapeutic asset. Sharon was a 45-year-old accountant who came in with Cheryl, her 25-year-old severely bulimic daughter. Cheryl worked as an administrative assistant. Recently her bulimia nervosa had escalated in severity such that she vomited on almost all eating occasions. She was acutely depressed, but not suicidal. Currently she was on medical leave due to the severity of her condition. Sharon had been anorexic as a teenager and young adult. Her condition improved only slightly around the time of her engagement and marriage to Paul, and engineer. Two years after their wedding, Sharon gave birth to Cheryl. She was a good but overprotective mother, and her food restriction began to get worse in Cheryl’s early years. Although Sharon had been treated in hospital in her teenage years, she refused treatment now, saying she could overcome her condition by herself. After years of putting up with Sharon’s rigid thinking, mood swings, food and figure obsessions, anxiety, depression, and other symptoms, Paul could not stand it any longer. Despite his caring for Sharon and Cheryl, he left them in Calgary to take a well-paying job in Toronto. The couple went through a separation and divorce when Cheryl was age eleven. Surprisingly, after Paul left, Sharon realized that, as a single parent, she would have to recover from her anorexia. -
Integrative Training in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy and Clinical Hypnosis
Special Offer for Division 39 members: Integrative Training in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy and Clinical Hypnosis Hypnosis & the Treatment Relationship: Applications, Processes, Outcomes March 15-18, 2018 Division 39 Members: On behalf of the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis-Education & Research Foundation (ASCH-ERF), I’m excited to let you know about an excellent advanced training opportunity in psychotherapy available at a special discounted rate for Division 39 members. The 2018 Annual Meeting, to be held March 15-18 in Orlando, Florida is themed Hypnosis & The Treatment Relationship: Applications, Processes, and Outcomes. The programming for this meeting is going to be heavily geared towards exploring aspects of the psychotherapy relationship, as well as how clinical hypnosis can effectively be integrated into the therapeutic process. Hypnosis and psychoanalysis have a rich history of shared ideas and integration since the days of Freud. This year’s meeting will be particularly rich in psychoanalytic content. Two of our five plenary speakers are psychoanalysts, including Jeremy Safran, PhD (The Intersection of Hypnosis & Relational Psychoanalysis) and Michael Diamond, PhD (Dreamers, Schemers, Moonbeamers and Redeemers: Psychoanalytic Musings on the Benevolent Allure and Therapeutic Action in Hypnotically-Augmented Psychotherapy). Division 39 members are eligible for a discount of $100 off the cost of full meeting registration (3 days), and $50 off the cost of a 1-day registration, provided that they meet ASCH memberhship criteria but are not ASCH members and have never previously attended ASCH programming. You might be thinking, what does hypnosis have to do with how I practice psychotherapy? Clinicians often focus on the technical and procedural aspects when conceptualizing clinical hypnosis. -
Clinical Use of Hypnosis in Cognitive Behavior Therapy
The Clinical Use of Hypnosis in Cognitive Behavior Therapy A Practitioner’s Casebook Robin A. Chapman, PsyD, ABPP, is a clinical psychologist at McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, and North Shore Counsel- ing Center, Beverly, MA, and maintains a private practice. He is currently an in- structor in psychology in the Depart- ment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School. Dr. Chapman earned his doctorate from the Illinois School of Professional Psychology in 1990 and earned a certifi- cate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy from the Adler School of Profes- sional Psychology in 1994. He is board certified in cognitive and behavioral psychology by the American Board of Professional Psy- chology. Additionally, he is an approved consultant in clinical hypno- sis granted by the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. His teaching experience includes graduate classes at the Illinois School of Professional Psychology and the Chicago School of Professional Psychology. He has taught undergraduate psychology classes at Elmhurst College. The Clinical Use of Hypnosis in Cognitive Behavior Therapy A Practitioner’s Casebook Robin A. Chapman, PsyD, ABPP, Editor Springer Publishing Company Copyright 2006 Springer Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a re- trieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Springer Publishing Company, Inc. Springer Publishing Company, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 Acquisitions Editors: Sheri W. Sussman and Lauren Dockett Production Editor: Sara Yoo Cover design by Joanne Honigman Cover background image by Richard A. Chapman Cover foreground image by Noah Chasek 0607080910/54321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The clinical use of hypnosis in cognitive behavior therapy / [edited by] Robin A. -
Introduction: Jung, New York, 1912 Sonu Shamdasani
Copyrighted Material IntroductIon: Jung, neW York, 1912 Sonu Shamdasani September 28, 1912. the New York Times featured a full-page inter- view with Jung on the problems confronting america, with a por- trait photo entitled “america facing Its Most tragic Moment”— the first prominent feature of psychoanalysis in the Times. It was Jung, the Times correctly reported, who “brought dr. freud to the recognition of the older school of psychology.” the Times went on to say, “[H]is classrooms are crowded with students eager to under- stand what seems to many to be an almost miraculous treatment. His clinics are crowded with medical cases which have baffled other doctors, and he is here in america to lecture on his subject.” Jung was the man of the hour. aged thirty-seven, he had just com- pleted a five-hundred-page magnum opus, Transformations and Sym‑ bols of the Libido, the second installment of which had just appeared in print. following his first visit to america in 1909, it was he, and not freud, who had been invited back by Smith ely Jelliffe to lec- ture on psychoanalysis in the new international extension course in medicine at fordham university, where he would also be awarded his second honorary degree (others invited included the psychiatrist William alanson White and the neurologist Henry Head). Jung’s initial title for his lectures was “Mental Mechanisms in Health and disease.” By the time he got to composing them, the title had become simply “the theory of Psychoanalysis.” Jung com- menced his introduction to the lectures by indicating that he in- tended to outline his attitude to freud’s guiding principles, noting that a reader would likely react with astonishment that it had taken him ten years to do so. -
Areader's Guide to Pierre Janet on Dissociation: Aneglected Intellectual Heritage
AREADER'S GUIDE TO PIERRE JANET ON DISSOCIATION: ANEGLECTED INTELLECTUAL HERITAGE Onno van cler Hart, Ph. D. Barbara Friedman, M.A., M.F.C.C. Onno van der Hart, Ph.D., practices at the Institute for est to the study of Breuer and Freud (1895), others have Psychotrauma in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barbara Fried searched for the original sources in French psychiatry, man, M.A., M.F.C.C., is in private practice in Beverly Hills, especially those of Pierre Janet. Their efforts have been California. hampered by the difficulty ofobtaining the original publica tions in French, and by the scarcity ofthese works translated For reprints write Barbara Friedman, M.A., M.F.C.C., 8665 in English translation. Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 407, Beverly Hills, CA 90211 In recent years a change has taken place with regard to Janet. The Societe PierreJanet in France has been reprint ABSTRACT ing his books since 1973. In the English-speaking world a small group of devotees has long recognized the value of A century ago there occurred a peak ofinterest in dissociation and the Janet's contribution to psychopathology and psychology. dissociative disorders, then labeled hysteria. The most important With the reprintofJanet's Major Symptoms ofHysteria in 1965, scientific and clinical investigator ofthis subject was Pierre Janet the publication of Ellenberger's The Discovery ofthe Uncon (1859-1947), whose early body of work is reviewed here. The scious in 1970, and Hilgard's Divided Consciousness in 1977, evolution of his dissociation theory and its major principles are the importance ofJanet's contribution to the study ofdisso traced throughout his writings. -
Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy
Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy What is hypnosis? Hypnosis is a treatment intervention that involves inducing the client into a relaxed, suggestible state and then offering post-hypnotic suggestions for relief of symptoms. It uses the hypnotic trance—the simple shifting back and forth between the conscious and subconscious mind, a natural process that occurs every day—in order to create this relaxed, suggestible state. What is the hypnotic trance? Many people think of hypnosis as inducing sleep. That’s actually not the case. Hypnosis (and hypnotherapy) induce the “trance state.” It is actually a natural state of mind that many of us encounter in everyday life on a regular basis. If you’ve ever been engrossed in a book, movie, or performance, then you have likely experienced the trance state. The only thing that distinguishes a naturally occurring trance state from the hypnotic trance state is that hypnotherapists induce the latter and are able to control the trance state to create understanding and healing. How is the hypnotic trance induced? Therapists use different types of hypnotic induction to get people into a trance state. The most well known and effective techniques to induce trance state is eye fixation, asking clients to stare at a spot on the ceiling or an object, or their thumb as it moves slowly backward and forward. We also teach several deepening techniques at The Wellness Institute. Most of these well established tools rely on creating deep relaxation. How is the hypnotic trance used in hypnotherapy? The hypnotic trance state creates a deep sense of relaxation and allows the client to let go. -
Criticism and Valuation of the Part Played by Abreaction and Assimilation in Psychiatry
CHAPTER SEVEN CRITICISM AND VALUATION OF THE PART PLAYED BY ABREACTION AND ASSIMILATION IN PSYCHIATRY In the preceding chapter we described a method of treating trau matic memories-what Breuer called "the cathartic method". We there observed that an essential element of the method is the discharge, or abreaction, of affects by having the patient talk about the trau matic event he has gone through. When memories have thus been relieved of their emotional character, they are neutralized; they can be submitted to rational examination and fitted into the patient's normal context of experience. This stage of treatment is called "assimilation" or "re-association". Another thing we have noticed is that these two phases are concurrent in the process of effecting a cure. Of the two factors, Breuer and Freud in their Studien laid special stress on abreaction rather than assimilation; and after them Brown and others took the same attitude. But Freud's later, completely worked-out system gives special prominence to assimilation : to bringing the patient's previously unconscious complex, the cause of his trouble, into consciousness and integrating it with his experience. Abreaction remained, however, an element in treatment for Freud. Janet gave good examples of how simply discharging an affect can bring about a patient's recovery. But at the same time, he strongly emphasized the important part played by assimilation. Janet's evidence deserves special attention because he proved convin cingly that abreaction has a beneficial effect on various types of neurotic patient even when it is not an element in "cathartic" therapy. This means that abreaction is not limited to use in Breuer's and Freud's cathartic method-which of course Janet practised, too.