THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE

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NOVEMBER 2018 No. 971 new subway breaks cover at innotrans

Highlights from the world’s biggest mobility fair Success at the Global Light Rail Awards FTA demands Honolulu ‘rescue plan’ Five shortlisted for Tyne & Wear

Zürich Stuttgart at 150 11> £4.60 Further improving Celebrating one of an LRT world-leader the tramway greats 9 771460 832067 Congratulations to all those honoured at this year’s Global Light Rail Awards and a big thank you to the evening’s supporters:

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Next year’s event will be held in on 2 October 2019

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Register your interest by emailing [email protected] or by calling +44 (0)1733 367600 CONTENTS The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association 410 NOVEMBER 2018 Vol. 81 No. 971 www.tautonline.com EDITORIAL Editor – Simon Johnston [email protected] 404 Associate Editor – Tony Streeter [email protected] Worldwide Editor – Michael Taplin [email protected] 422 News Editor – John Symons [email protected] Senior Contributor – Neil Pulling Worldwide Contributors Tony Bailey, Richard Felski, Ed Havens, Andrew Moglestue, Paul Nicholson, Herbert Pence, Mike Russell, Nikolai Semyonov, Alain Senut, Vic Simons, Witold Urbanowicz, Bill Vigrass, Francis Wagner, Thomas Wagner, Philip Webb, Rick Wilson Production – Lanna Blyth Tel: +44 (0)1733 367604 [email protected] News 404 SYSTEMS FACTFILE: ZÜrich 422 Achievement and excellence at the Global Neil Pulling explores the recent projects and DESIGN – Debbie Nolan Light Rail Awards; Two openings in a week future prospects for a city that continues to Advertising grow ’s metro by over 50km; Honolulu invest in high-quality urban transport. COMMERCIAL Manager – Geoff Butler Tel: +44 (0)1733 367610 metro project given FTA ultimatum; UK [email protected] -train to carry passengers in October; WORLDWIDE REVIEW 430 Publisher – Matt Johnston Five shortlisted for Tyne & Wear Metro fleet Confederation line delayed until 2019; replacement; Liège tramway PPP awarded. Škoda wins in Ostrava and Plzen; Aachen Tramways & Urban Transit 13 Orton Enterprise Centre, Bakewell Road, to re-examine tram-train plans; Messina’s Peterborough PE2 6XU, UK innotrans 2018 410 mayor contemplates tramway closure; DART Tramways & Urban Transit is published by Mainspring Geoff Butler and Simon Johnston round up approves DFW – Plano commuter link; FTA on behalf of the LRTA on the third Friday of each the highlights – and the gossip – from the confirms funding for Santa Ana streetcar. month preceding the cover date. world’s largest mobility fair. MAILBOX 434 modernising the subway 415 Charles Hoskins explains how the Glasgow CLASSIC : STUTTGART 436 PRINT AND DISTRIBUTION Subway is being transformed into a 21st Mike Russell covers the 150th celebrations Warners (Midlands), Bourne, Lincs PE10 9PH, UK Century automated network. for one of Germany’s oldest tramways. LRTA MEMBERSHIP (with TAUT subscription) Tramways & Urban Transit is sent free to all paid-up When is logic more important than emotion? members of the Light Rail Transit Association. LRTA WEBSITE AND DIARY It’s been a very busy month for the TAUT team – and an incredibly inspiring Brian Lomas one with visits to and London for two important events that give us [email protected] [email protected] both insight into the future and an important reflection on today. Subscriptions, MEMBERSHIP and back issues You may notice from the contents panel above that we have a number of LRTA Membership Secretary (Dept T06), 38 Wolseley ‘big reads’ in this edition as we take a detailed look at two major cities with Road, Sale M33 7AU, UK. Tel: +44 (0)117 951 7785 very different urban rail networks. [email protected] Website: www.lrta.info The first city is undertaking a once in a generation programme to modernise a for CORPORATE Subscriptions VISIT well-loved local icon. The has had to put up with decades of ‘make www.mainspring.co.uk do and mend’, but will soon become one of the most advanced networks in the UK LRTA REGISTERED OFFICE following a near GBP300m rebuild. This includes comprehensive upgrades to its 138 Radnor Avenue, Welling DA16 2BY, UK. 122-year-old infrastructure as well as the introduction of a brand new fleet that in a few Private company limited by guarantee, No. 5072319 years will bring driverless operation to this vital underground system. in England and Wales. Next, in a Systems Factfile special, Neil Pulling visits Zürich to explore one of the LRTA Chairman – Paul Rowen world’s best networks. Continued investment is demonstrating the [email protected] importance that the region’s authorities are placing on sustainable connectivity, © LRTA 2018 offering lessons that we are sure can, and should, be applied elsewhere. Articles are submitted on the understanding they may also We also have a comprehensive report on the 2018 edition of the world’s biggest later be used on our websites or other media. A contribution mobility fair (it has branched beyond just rail) – InnoTrans. In Berlin we were treated is accepted on the basis that its author is responsible for the to a host of displays from manufacturers and suppliers of just about every form of rail opinions expressed in it, and such opinions are not those of equipment, with a common theme emerging – automation. the LRTA or Mainspring. All rights reserved. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in We were shown a collaboration between Siemens and Potsdam operator ViP that offers any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including a tantalising glimpse of what an automated tramway might look like. Both maintain that photocopying, recording or by any information storage and this is just a developmental trial, but it can only be assumed that the application of AI to retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from street-running operations will only strengthen the case for such technologies. the copyright owner. Multiple copying of the contents of the Elsewhere in the world we are seeing debates over ownership, risk transfer and magazine without prior written approval is not permitted. funding. We have argued before how to prosper public transport should belong to the cities that it serves, but often logical decisions are overriden by ego and emotion – you Cover images: Simon Johnston, Neil Pulling, sometimes wish that if only politics could be automated... Simon Johnston, Editor Mike Russell

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 403 News ‘What a year for !’ Celebrating the very best in worldwide light rail achievements in London on 3 October

uests from 12 safe, efficient, environmentally- RIGHT: Transdev countries made up a friendly modes that connect on celebrated a packed audience at an emotional level with people of number of honours London’s Honourable all ages in a way that other modes at this year’s Global ArtilleryG Company on 3 October just can’t match. The message Light Rail Awards, including sharing for this year’s running of the is clear. the Operator of Global Light Rail Awards – “It can’t be a coincidence that the Year prize the industry’s showcase for 45 of the world’s top 50 most with Edinburgh excellence and innovation in the liveable cities feature some form Trams for its work light and urban rail sectors. of urban rail service – and the on Dublin’s Luas Over 50 organisations, other five have their own plans light rail network. individuals, projects and either on the drawing board or Mainspring/J. Hill products were recognised across under construction.” Below left: the evening’s 17 categories in a Jackie Townsend, Managing Egis Rail was year of record submissions for the Director of FirstGroup subsidiary recognised for prestigious worldwide ceremony. Tram Operations Limited and its excellence in The event was hosted once headline supporter of the 2018 project delivery again by BBC broadcaster and event, also gave a heartfelt for the new author Nicholas Owen who welcome to the evening, Luxembourg delivered a rousing introduction reinforcing the commitment tramway. to the event, saying: “This is of her organisation in taking LuxTram genuinely one of my favourite the lead on safety allied to events of the year as a fully exemplary customer service paid-up member of the tramway following the tragic events on to drive a step-change in both for praise in four areas, including and light rail supporters club. the London network in process and procedure that are the prestigious Operator of the “We have seen another November 2016 that saw seven paying dividends but will also Year in a joint win with Transdev magnificent year of growth and passengers lose their lives. ultimately assist operators across Dublin Light Rail. expansion around the world as It has been a difficult couple the country – and worldwide. Brookville Equipment more and more cities recognise of years, Ms Townsend said, International transport Corporation impressed the the benefits of light rail. but the support of the wider operator and its six-man judging panel with “Be it a tramway, streetcar, industry and the south London subsidiaries were some of the its innovation and project light rail or metro: these are the network’s partners have helped biggest winners on the night, delivery to take home the 2018 taking home honours in six Manufacturer of the Year award categories for its operations in a close-run contest with CAF. in the Gold Coast, London The ceremony concluded with Docklands, Manchester and Judges’ Special Awards for Nottingham, as well as being long-time Chair of the Transport recognised for its partnership for Greater Manchester with in the Committee Andrew Fender, Vision of the Year category for referred to as ‘Mr Metrolink’ for the new Metro. his championing of Manchester’s KeolisAmey Wales was due to light rail network from its earliest take over as the Operations and planning stages into the UK’s Development partner for the largest light rail network, and Wales & Borders rail franchise former West Midlands Head of on 14 October. Metro Development Peter Adams. Rolling stock manufacturer . CAF also had a successful night, For a full review of the 2018 winning four awards on the Global Light Rail Awards, see our evening, while special supplement in next month’s was also singled out by the judges TAUT.

Two openings in a week boost by 50km

Wuhan’s metro network has seen south between Garden began in December 2013. Trial interchange with the Optics another major milestone in its Expo North and Yehzi Lake. running on the 16.9km (10.5- Valley tramway at Guanggu/5th development in recent weeks, Serving 19 stations, including mile) second phase, a southern Rd with 12 CRRC trains in service. adding 50km (31 miles) across five interchanges with other projection from Yehzi Lake to A second phase will extend the two new lines in the space of one metro lines, 40 eight-car Qinglongshan is expected to line west to an interchange with week. The city also added 55km Type A trainsets (with capacity begin before the end of the year. metro Line 7 at Wuchang. (34 miles) to its metro in a single for over 2500 passengers each) Meanwhile, the 19.1km The new lines and are part of day in December 2017. from CRRC allow an end-to-end (11.9-mile) first phase of Line the Wuhan Rail Transit 2013-20 The first opening took place journey time of 46 minutes 11 that links Optics Valley Plan, involving the construction on 28 September with the Work on the CRY32.1bn with Zuoling in the east of the of 77.2km (48 miles) of new lines, inauguration of the first 30.9km (EUR4.05bn) line, the fourth city, with 13 stations opened taking the network to a total of (19.2-mile) phase of the north- to cross the River, on 1 October. offers 291km (181 miles).

404 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org CRRC orders Honolulu metro authority threatened given FTA ultimatum further by Urgent ‘recovery plan’ required to guarantee funding for troubled project US tariffs

n late September the Federal Chinese manufacturer CRRC has Transit Administration set up a USD95m construction (FTA) ordered the Honolulu plant at Springfield, MA, to fulfill Authority for Rapid orders from American transit TransportationI (HART) to submit systems, with initial orders details of a financial rescue plan from Boston’s MBTA (524 metro for its delayed and over-budget cars worth USD843m), and 120 automated light metro project. employees already at work. The latest cost for the 32km Subsequent orders have come (20-mile) line from from Kapolei from Philadelphia (45 double- to Ala Moana has risen to deck cars worth around USD9bn, with the city USD137.5m) and Los Angeles being asked to commit USD44m (64 metro cars worth USD178.4m towards completion of the with an option for 218 more). project by 20 November. The new factory is the largest However, on 4 October Mayor industrial investment in Kirk Caldwell said the city cannot Springfield for decades. However meet this deadline, telling local HART’s Rail Operations Center was energised to allow testing in May 2018. HART the US congress is now set to media that he plans to ask for an approve legislation that will extension until February 2019 original funding package while a public-private partnership impose tariffs on Chinese rail as issuing bonds to fund the HART develops an acceptable to build the final segment of vehicles (see TAUT 969), as part shortfall cannot be enacted ‘recovery plan’. the line and the planned Pearl of the Trump administration’s that quickly. Mayor Caldwell had previously Highlands Transit Center. trade war. Nelson Koyanagi, Director said that the city would not be The ‘P3’ plan is seeking to Although the orders from the of the city’s Department of asked to finance rail construction, engage with the private sector Springfield plant are exempt Budget and Fiscal Services, told however in late 2017 the State to help finance, design and as they were placed before the the Honolulu Star-Advertiser that Legislature overruled this decision build the new facilities as well legislation takes effect, and over officials plan to issue USD400m by approving a USD2.4bn bailout as operate and maintain the line 60% of the content is US-built, in general obligation bonds to that required a USD214m for 30 years. This is a key piece there are still many Chinese cover the required USD44m as contribution from the city. The of that recovery plan demanded components (more than 100) well as providing funding to USD44m the FTA has demanded by the FTA, said HART Executive that have to be ordered that could ensure HART has enough cash to from the city in November is the Director Andy Robbins. be caught by the tariffs, putting meet its other commitments. first tranche of this obligation. The mass transit project, by far up the price of the contracts. The city signed an agreement The city has said it plans to the largest public works project Now Springfield Mayor with the FTA in 2012 that called hold a series of special meetings in state history, has incurred Domenic Sarno, Representative for the elevated guideway and 21 to complete the process of major cost overruns in recent Richard Neal and Senator Eric stations to be built by 2020 at a authorising the bond issue by years and the city’s proposed Lesser are lobbying to support cost of USD5.26bn, with an FTA mid-November, hoping that the bond issue is not be the first time CRRC and an exemption. commitment of USD1.55bn. FTA will accept this as a sign that that it has had to intervene in The congressmen are both Serious delays now put the the city is prepared to meet its the project financially. In 2017 Democrats, and how successful final cost at around USD9bn with commitment to HART and the it issued USD350m in general their campaign will be may HART saying the project won’t timely completion of the project. obligation bonds and another depend on November’s mid-term be finished until late 2025; the On 27 September, HART USD100m in short-term debt to elections, which could change the FTA has withheld USD744m of its announced plans to develop help HART with its cashflow. balance of power in both Houses.

NEWS IN PICTURES UK tram-train service to begin on 25 October The opening date for the UK’s first tram-train service has been announced as 25 October. Ghost running on the full seven-day timetable began on 17 September. The Department for Transport-funded pilot project is a partnership between the South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive, , Stagecoach Supertram and Northern Rail. Running to a three services/hour timetable, passengers will soon be able to travel on the Supertram network from Sheffield Cathedral to Meadowhall South, before proceeding over the new Tinsley Chord that connects to the national rail network before continuing to Parkgate Retail Centre via Rotherham Central station. Although faced with major delays and significant cost overruns, the scheme is the first of its kind in the UK and it is hoped will offer valuable lessons for other authorities interested in the technology. The pilot will run for two years while customer satisfaction, ridership, reliability and costs are tested. If successful it is hoped to become a permanent service.

Stadler Citylink 399.202 arrives at the changeover signal located under the Tinsley Viaduct with the 09.13 to Parkgate driver training working on 30 July, taken from the cab of 399.204. I. Ambrose

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 405 News Five make the Tyne & Wear shortlist for new vehicles and maintenance Worldwide manufacturers selected to enter negotiations for GBP500m fleet renewal programme

yne & Wear Passenger to new parts of Newcastle, Transport Executive Durham, Sunderland and Nexus (UK) has Northumberland. shortlisted five bidders According to the analysis from forT a new Metro train fleet and consultant Mott MacDonald, begun detailed negotiations with the Metro adds GBP367.6m all five, to be narrowed down to (EUR418.5m) to the English a preferred bidder at the end of North East’s economy each year, 2019. New trains are expected with each journey adding an to progressively enter service average of GBP8.50 (EU9.70). between 2022 and 2024. The report also states that the The selected bidders are Metro plays a “critical role... Bombardier Transportation, CAF, in sustaining employment Downer EDI Rail (a joint venture in areas which have been of Downer EDI Rail and CRRC subject to decline in traditional Changchun), Hitachi Rail Europe industries” and helps to alleviate and Stadler Bussnang. “deprivation, inequality, and The successful bidder will structural unemployment”. A computer-generated image of what the next generation of Tyne & Wear Metro design, build and maintain the cars could look like; a decision on their supplier is expected in late 2019. Nexus Without identifying specific new fleet and facilities, including locations for expansion, it lists a a new depot at the existing site to meet the bidders and hear April, train services were number of growth areas within in Gosforth. Nexus has secured presentations from Nexus on suspended between Chichester the region which would benefit grant funding of GBP337m the four different contract areas, and South Shields on 1 October. from better transport links. (EUR383.5m) towards the including the manufacture and It is expected that services will These include Gateshead Quays, projected GBP362m (EUR412m) supply of the new fleet of 42 resume on 4 November, but Nissan, the new IAMP business cost of designing and building Metrocars, maintenance of both Metro trains will be unable to park in Sunderland and Gosforth the new fleet. With ongoing the existing and new fleet, and call at Chichester’s platform 2 Business Park. maintenance the total contract design and construction of the until the interchange works are Details of the report were value is expected to be around new maintenance facility. completed during 2019. revealed as the North-East was GBP500m (EUR569m). In further news, as part of the Passengers for Chichester shortlisted in a competition to A supply chain event was held project to provide a new GBP21m will need to travel via South share GBP840m (EUR956m) in the region on 8 October to give (EUR24m) transport interchange Shields towards Newcastle and from the UK Government’s local businesses the opportunity at South Shields that began in Sunderland or via Tyne Dock if Transforming Cities Fund, which travelling from South Shields. could be used to stimulate major Metro improvements. “The new Metro trains are expected to A new report has revealed that The report was to go before the a solid case exists for expanding North East Combined Authority enter service between 2022 and 2024.” the Tyne & Wear Metro network on 11 October.

Veolia sells final transport assets Kazakhstan tramway PPP opportunity On 2 October Veolia announced it had reached agreement to The former capital city of speed of 22km/h (14mph). Kazakhstan dating from the sell its remaining 30% stake in Kazakhstan, Almaty, has invited The main line would link Almaty Soviet era. Closure began in 2000, multinational transport operator Expressions of Interest for a Arena in the city centre to the but although remaining routes Transdev to German group PPP contract to design, build Eastern Bypass Road (site of the were equipped with ex-Berlin Rethmann for EUR340m. and operate a 22.7km (14-mile) planned city station), with Tatra KT4D cars, maintenance The proposed acquisition will be presented to the employee standard-gauge tramline along a northern branch to reach the deficiencies led to braking representative bodies of Transdev the city’s principal thoroughfares, planned Momyshuly Street depot. problems that saw accidents and submitted for approval to the with the aim of starting passenger The contract would be signed and the abrupt closure of the relevant authorities with a view to service before the end of 2022. with the city council, which system. Some Tatra vehicles its closing in early 2019. The cost of the project is will provide up to 50% of the have since been sold to Metro fleet expansion estimated at USD521m and the construction cost, and take Öskemen (Ust-Kamenogorsk). Rail has ordered a further 35 26-year contract would allow the revenue risk on operations. A 1524mm-gauge metro, three-car driverless trainsets from three years for design and build, Under a 2012 Memorandum equipped by , for the followed by 23 years of operation of Understanding it appears opened in December 2011. project. The contract, announced before transfer to the city’s that some of the city finance The city has about 1.34 million on 4 October, takes the total order transportation department. will come from the European residents, and was the capital to 110 trainsets. The project calls for a fleet of Bank for Reconstruction and before this was moved to Astana The agency has also announced 36 low-floor trams, 30-35m long Development (which has already in 1997. Astana has its own LRT a co-operation agreement with taxi and 2.65m wide, operating every helped the north-eastern city of project, initially to be built under company Mowasalat to provide discounted last-mile transport for four minutes carrying 76 000- Pavlodar buy new trams). a joint Kazakh/ initiative, metro passengers. 112 000 passengers/day during Almaty had a tramway between but since replaced by a Chinese- peak periods with a commercial 1937 and 2015, one of four in financed and equipped scheme.

406 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Disputes over Liège tramway contract Toronto Subway A row has broken out over awarded to CAF and Colas Ontario Premier Doug Ford’s contentious plan to transfer ownership of Canada’s Toronto New PPP scheme for Belgian city chooses Franco-Spanish consortium Subway to the province, with Phil Verster, CEO of regional n 13 September, transportation authority Walloon transport Metrolinx, saying the plan is operator Opérateur de “relatively straightforward.” Transport en Wallonie Before his election in June, a O(formerly SRWT) announced key part of Mr Ford’s campaign its preferred choice of a private was a plan to split the TTC; partner to deliver the 30-year the city authority remaining design, financing, construction as the Subway’s operator and and maintenance of its 11.7km collecting fare revenue. (7.3-mile) tramline through the The TTC has fought back, city from Sclessin to Herstal. saying it would be problematic The CAF/Colas consortium to split ownership of the city’s Tram’Ardent has been chosen integrated network of streetcars, over rival bidder MobiLiège, led by subway and , with TTC Alstom Transport. It is understood CEO Rick Leary describing the the determining factor was price, Subway as a “a valuable and with Tram’Ardent paid EUR40m/ complex asset” in a staff memo. year for the use of the assets. “The suggestion that its A contract signing is scheduled rolling stock, yards, carhouses, for January 2019 with work to start An artist’s impression of a CAF tram running through central Liège. Tram’Ardent , signals, stations, later in the year for completion ventilation, electrical, drainage in autumn 2022 – 90% of the line The new award is the second and other interdependent will be on segregated right-of-way, attempt to find a PPP partner for “It is planned to systems can somehow be easily with 21 stops and a 900-space the Liège tram project. In 2014 transferred or uploaded is park-and-ride, plus a depot at the MobiLiège consortium was start work in 2019 simply not the case,” Leary said. Bressoux. selected, but the contract for completion in Verster drew parallels with CAF will supply 20 45m-long process was cancelled as the the future 19km (11.9-mile) Urbos 100 trams with wire-free European Union judged that autumn 2022.” Eglinton Crosstown LRT capability, telecommunications, not enough risk was being project that will be owned by signalling and power systems, in transferred to the private sector. the province but TTC-operated: addition to system maintenance. The competition was restarted Liège had a first-generation “That is exactly the same Colas will carry out civil works, in 2016, with two consortia tramway from 1871 to 1967 and model that will be required for including tracklaying and submitting best and final offers in work to define the current project the TTC upload,” he added. provision of depot facilities. May 2018. started in 2008. Lamonte leaves TfGM for Sydney Metro Dr Jon Lamonte, Chief Executive of Transport for Greater Manchester Tenders underway for Israel’s (TfGM) is to take up the post of CEO of the new statutory authority of Sydney Metro later this year. Haifa – Nazareth tram-train project Established in July 2018, Sydney Tenders have been invited Haifa – Nazareth interurban Israel’s National Council Metro is the New South Wales for project design and design light rail line, which will feed for Design and Construction Government agency responsible assurance for the first phases of into a PPP tender to be launched approved plans for the ILS5.9bn for building and operating the AUD20bn (EUR12.24bn), 66km the 43km (26.7-mile) next year. (EUR1.4bn) line in February (41-mile) metro network for the city. 2017, including 17 stations and Dr Lamonte, who joined TfGM nine park-and-ride facilities. in January 2013, said: “It’s been The project design tender a privilege to lead TfGM through includes preliminary and final one of the most exciting times in design and professional services its history; we’ve seen Metrolink for the first phase, and design treble in size; built innovative for the second phase. The design new infrastructure across Greater Manchester and made significant assurance consultant will be strides in terms of devolution. responsible for rolling stock and “I am extraordinarily proud of systems as well as creating an everything we have delivered.” operations and maintenance framework. The chosen bidder will also review current specifications and carry out technical assurance. Tenders for the project design contract were due for submission by 15 October, while the deadline for design assurance Tracklaying at the Sydney Metro bids is November 15. The line is depot earlier in 2018. Sydney Metro Israel’s newest LRT project is to begin operations in 2023. Cross Israel Highway due to open in 2023.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 407 News Paris to order up to 183 Three options for Sutton tram link Alstom metro trains Three route options for a Wimbledon – Sutton extension to London Tramlink (UK) have been shortlisted, following public consultation. Grand Paris Express contract could be worth a total of EUR1.3bn The first proposes converting the existing Thameslink heavy rail line to Wimbledon he Société du station – converting power supply system and Grand Paris and modifying existing platforms – while option Île-de-France two starts at South Wimbledon and crosses the Mobilités have existing Tramlink line to Wimbledon station. Tselected Alstom to supply A third option would start at Colliers Wood. up to 183 new automated The second and third possibilities feature a far steel-wheel 110km/h greater percentage of street-running. (68mph) metro trains for Transport for London (TfL) has committed Grand Paris Express lines GBP70m (EUR80m) to the scheme with 15, 16 and 17 in a contract another GBP30m (EUR34m) split between worth up to EUR1.3bn. Merton and Sutton councils. As TfL’s share is A first tranche of not in a specific budget it may instead be made EUR280m for 53 trains available through the authority’s Growth has been agreed: 25 six-car Fund which relies on commercial developers trains for (with making a significant contribution to the options for up to 133 trains) The new Metropolis trains for the under-construction Paris Grand projected GBP300m-plus (EUR340m-plus) cost. and 28 three-car trains for Express will feature a futuristic new design. Alstom Design & Styling A further southern extension to the lines 16 and 17 (with options Royal Marsden Hospital site would be likely to for a further 33 trains). The chosen Metropolis with passenger service in cost an additional GBP100m (EUR114m). The 2.8m-wide cars will platform design will have 2024 on line 15. There is After an eight-week consultation due to take feature advanced CCTV, walk-through gangways and still doubt as to whether place this autumn, a further consultation is air-conditioning, USB the contract also allows for passenger service can planned for summer 2019 on the preferred chargers and a new standard additional infrastructure to start in time for the 2024 option. Outcome-dependent, the intention is of onboard information, monitor trains. Olympic Games. to apply for the necessary Transport and Works and operate at 1500V dc Delivery of the new The order will help secure Act Order in 2020 to allow construction to start from the overhead. trains will start in 2022, 1150 jobs at six Alstom plants. in 2022 with trams running by 2025.

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408 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Advertorial THE SCIENCE OF SILENCE

he issue of noise and vibration in the interaction between track and vehicles on light rail and metro systems is a major challenge for both authorities and operators. TWe’ve already discussed industry best practice on what can be done to minimise the effects in terms of both new and existing infrastructure (TAUT 966). This time, Marcel Ujfaluši, Head of Business Development and Marketing for GHH-BONATRANS, looks at how the company’s innovations are helping vehicle manufactuers and maintainers address this serious issue to deliver a smooth, quiet and comfortable ride for passengers

What are your recent innovations Q for the tramway and LRT market? We are not just a wheelset manufacturer. A Our recent supplies of innovative products are based on many years of in-house research and development. For example, Modertrans is currently using our products for the new fleet of trams it is supplying to the Polish city of Poznań. This includes 50 uni-directional five-section 100% low-floorGamma trams. The wheelset design for this vehicle is characterised by several innovative features. Increased fatigue strength of the BONAXLE – an induction hardened axle – has enabled the creation of a lightweight design, while a higher degree of hardness of the axle seat virtually eliminates the possibility of wheel centre seizure during stainless steel ring and is suitable for wheels mitigation into wheel design, the solution is assembly or disassembly. braked by blocks. In terms of initial costs, it is always more efficient and/or less costly over The trams’ resilient wheels are based on the least expensive measurement. the product’s lifecycle. the traditional BONATRANS design school, The lifetime of the first three, more with special longitudinal pins on the outer sophisticated, solutions is at least 15 years, so What feedback have you received wheel centre circumference that increase exceeds the lifespan of one or more wheels Q from cities using BONASILENCE? the resistance to rotation of the wheel centre (or tyres in the case of rubber sprung resilient Since 2005 we have supplied relative to the tyre. The new tyre has a wheels). Also, due to their easy replacement, A approximately 100 000 wheels across diameter of 610mm and is manufactured from dismantling of whole wheelsets from the the four types of noise dampers mentioned P70 grade material, the hardness of which is vehicle is not required. earlier, or their combinations, and mounted at least 45 HB higher than the hardest grade on resilient wheels as well as on steel according to the European standards (ER9). What kind of noise reduction monoblocks. The weight of this resilient wheel is less than Q levels can you achieve? They have seen successful service in metro 220kg and it is designed for an axle load of 8t. BONASILENCE® is able to reduce cars and on tramways around the world, The wheel also includes the BONASILENCE D A squealing in curves (where the wheel is including those in Toronto, Boston, Oslo, noise absorber mounted on its outer side; the dominant source of noise) by up to 30 Prague, Athens, Helsinki, St Petersburg and this can reduce the rolling noise level by up dB(A) in the frequency band where squealing Hong Kong, as well as in inter-city Pendolino to 7dB, and the squealing noise during curve is significant. It can also reduce the rolling trains in Finland and the Czech Republic, to negotiation by up to 30dB. These innovations noise of wheels by up to 10 dB(A). name just a few. all work together to deliver a quieter and more One should not forget that there are several comfortable ride for passengers as well as types of noise emission that occur during giving a longer-lasting product for operators. operation, including rolling, squealing, ABOUT THE AUTHOR braking and aerodynamic. Although Can BONASILENCE be tailored to dampers significantly reduce the wheels’ Marcel Ujfaluši has 13 years of Q suit different requirements? rolling noise, the overall noise is also caused worldwide experience in business Yes, indeed. We design, manufacture by track conditions and the whole vehicle. development, sales and marketing of high added value engineering A and supply complete systems specifically Without any joint effort of damping other products. He is also Chairman of aimed at different rail segments (urban, elements, on its own BONASILENCE can the Development Committee of suburban and inter-city and freight). All of reduce noise by up to 3 dB(A) for the position the European Railway Wheelset Association these solutions for noise mitigation fall under of the microphone according to the Technical (ERWA), dedicated to the promotion of the the umbrella trademark of BONASILENCE. Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) which benefits, lifecycle cost improvement and Over the last 20 years we have developed are 7.5m from the centre of the track at the standardisation of wheelsets for rail vehicles. four main types of wheel damper: height of 1.2m above the top of the rail. GHH-BONATRANS delivers wheelsets and BONASILENCE P, BONASILENCE D and Of course the acceptable limits vary, these components to 80 countries on five continents. BONASILENCE M all combine metal and usually come from the vehicle manufacturer For resilient wheels alone, more than 150 000 thousand pieces have been delivered from the rubber and are chosen and tuned depending in the case of new rolling stock, or from company's plants in Bohumín (Czech Republic) on the noise limits as specified by the operator in the case of existing fleets. and Oberhausen (Germany). customer. BONASILENCE R is based upon a In either case, once we integrate noise

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org NOVEMber 2018 / 409 News focus

Russian car-builder PK Transportnye Systemy demonstrated its international ambitions in Berlin, displaying two new standard-gauge trams. INNOTRANS 2018 Simon Johnston and Geoff Butler round up the key innovations, trends and industry news from the world’s largest mobility exhibition in Berlin.

nnoTrans 2018 broke records once again. The sheer scale of this event is difficult to EU Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc When the four-day trade section closed describe. With 155 vehicles on display on confirmed her assertion that 2018 is the year on 21 September, 3062 exhibitors from Messe Berlin’s 3.5km (2.3 miles) of outdoor of multimodality, reinforcing the message 61 countries had showcased almost tracks, it takes the best part of a day just to tour that investment in ‘end-to-end’ travel is key every product one could imagine. them all, and with interactive displays and to addressing pressing urban issues. IA total of 161 157 international guests the chance to examine them in detail, this is Ms Bulc also reaffirmed her belief in also came to Germany’s capital, from 149 worthy of the entrance fee alone. rail transport as the backbone of urban countries and marking the first time that over In her welcome address at Messe Berlin’s mobility, and that some of the innovative 20% of visitors had come from Asia. Palais am Funkturm on the event’s first day, and sustainable solutions on show have the potential to transform society as a whole. The transport sector has the “responsibility to lead the evolution”, she concluded. The environmental imperative is there for change. In Germany alone, more than ten billion people use urban public transport each year and politicians are recognising the pivotal role of electrified modes in maintaining clean air in its towns and cities.

The new vehicles on display While there are usually tram, light rail and metro cars from every major manufacturer on show in Berlin, this year saw the absence of many of the world’s key players. Bombardier for example had just one train on display, and even this was owed to Austrian national railway operator ÖBB, using the event to display its latest Talent 3 EMU that features a wider carbody and Bombardier’s huge display larger doors for easier boarding. stand in Hall 2 was busy for the entire four days. Yet although the world’s largest light rail vehicle supplier didn’t exhibit any full

410 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org LEFT: Stadler’s The first new production S-Bahn train from metre-gauge the Stadler/Siemens combine proudly wore ‘Worbla’ will soon 'Made in Berlin, for Berlin' stickers enter service on the RBS interurban lines, replacing a fleet from the 1970s.

BELOW: Proven in trials at the UK’s Stansted Airport and in a number of US cities, Cubic’s ‘Virtual Ticket Agent’ – a hybrid of virtual ticket office, call centre and TVM – impressed visitors to the company’s stand at InnoTrans. vehicles, its indoor stand was brimming for the underground network in Scotland’s with technology under its new corporate second city – for more detail see page 415. banner: ‘Together we move’. Virtual reality Under new ownership from November demonstrations were used to take visitors on 2017, Škoda Transportation took the chance a 360° digital tour of its new Innovia to show off its first five-section tram for the for Bangkok, Flexity trams in Zürich and its city of Chemnitz. The Czech manufacturer’s latest C30 metro cars for Stockholm. first foray into the German market, a EUR35m Alstom also chose not to exhibit any trams order for 14 of the 100% low-floorForCity or urban rail vehicles, with speculation from Classic trams was placed by Chemnitzer some that this was due to the impending Verkehrs-Aktiengesellschaft (CVAG) in June merger of the French rail giant with German 2016. The first was delivered earlier in the comglomerate Siemens. The latter ‘went big’ year, with the full fleet due by mid-2019. by comparison, with displays of a battery The double-ended 31.4m ForCity Classic Desiro prototype for ÖBB, an Avenio-M tram uses a stainless steel bodyshell mounted upon for Ulm – with its Advanced Driver Assistance axle-less wheelsets, with the wheels driven by System – and the latest VAL rubber-tyred gearless traction motors. Procured to finally metro for the French city of Rennes. retire CVAG’s fleet of high-floor TatraT3D-M Stadler similarly showed seven vehicles – not cars dating from the late 1980s, the new only the first of its ‘Built in Berlin, For Berlin’ fleet is designed for reduced maintenance, S-Bahn cars (a collaboration with Siemens), but with a planned design life of 32 years (or two also the first new Glasgow Subway train and million km/1.25 million miles). They will its unique low-floor metre-gauge ‘Worbla’ for make up around a third of CVAG’s fleet. Swiss operator RBS. Striking about this new tram is its tall The 484-series for Berlin’s S-Bahn are due design – it is 3.7m high – that creates a to enter service in 2021 and feature advanced spacious and airy interior, improved further air-conditioning and passenger information by air-conditioning and passenger systems as well as increased space for bicycles. Wi-Fi as well as more comfortable seating. From TAUT’s experience of the current Each vehicle can accommodate 281 people S-Bahn stock during its time in Berlin – tired (at six passengers/m2) or 191 passengers at a to say the least – these can’t come too soon. more realistic four people/m2. It also features Meanwhile, the 60m four-car interurban 64 seats and four wheelchair/pram spaces. LRVs for RBS, with eight double-doors per side, Another pair of vehicles that drew a great have a vast number of improvements over the deal of attention were the PK Transportnye 1970s ‘Mandarinli’ cars they are due to replace. Systemy low-floor trams. Both built to This includes a greater use of longitudinal standard-gauge, the Lion and Lionet low-floor flip-up seats to provide greater passenger models showed impressive build quality and comfort as well as improved standing space; all the passenger comforts one may expect total capacity is 464, 104 seated. from the more established builders. ABOVE: Inside the driver's cab of the PKTS Assembled at Stadler’s Bussnang works, The single-section Lionet, designated 71-934 Lion, looking out towards the single-section the first ‘Worbla’ trains are expected to enter 71-911M, is an evolution of the City Star Lionet from the same manufacturer. traffic on the 15km (9.3-mile) route linking Bern with Worb-Dorf from December with all 14 in service by the end of 2020. One of the show’s undoubted highlights, occupying a prime space between two of the busier main halls, was the world debut of the new Subway train for Glasgow. The unusual 1220mm-gauge vehicle drew the crowds, showcasing a step-change in not only passenger features, but also innovative technology to reduce energy consumption. Intended for eventual automatic operation, the vehicle displayed in Berlin featured a small driver’s cab that will be removed upon ABOVE: A variety of autonomous urban modes ABOVE: Linsinger’s scaled-down MG11 rail profiling the transition to UTO, planned for 2021-22. were on display in Berlin, including this rubber-tyred machine combines both milling and grinding units in This is part of a major modernisation plan Lohr shuttle. a single vehicle for busy urban rail networks.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 411 News focus

platform with additional capability for Comparing the market to a Lego set, (ADAS), an evolution of that used on the catenary-free operation. The 16.5m car Mr Poupart-Lafarge said that Siemens and Avenio-M vehicles being supplied to Ulm. travelled from Berlin to the Russian city of Alstom would both bring “bricks” to the A bank of onboard displays replicated Perm on the edge of the Ural Mountain range combination, with the idea to have as wide the appearance in the cab for the assembled for longer-term trials. The 37.4m Lion is a a catalogue of bricks as possible to serve the audience, showing a live GPS map of the route, three-section double-ended version. entire rail sector. Synergies would make the with advanced radar and Lidar detectors new merged company entity more agile and showing both moving and static bodies as Mergers, consolidation and markets more competitive, he explained. green and yellow objects. This was bolstered With many of the bigger car-builders scaling The combination also has high-level by pin-sharp CCTV images of the outside back, rumours continued of further market support from the likes of SNCF, with of the vehicle courtesy of high-definition consolidation to build upon the last few years President Guillame Pepy telling the press that cameras. Further contextual information of mergers and acquisitions. With the the merger makes sense, bolstering European included the current speed, permitted route announcement in May of an intended rail firms against international competition. speed, previous and next stops and braking tie-up between US giants Wabtec and GE and acceleration characteristics. Transportation and the high-profile coming A glimpse of a driverless future The tram pulled to a smooth halt at each together of Europe’s Siemens and Alstom, One of the most impressive demonstrations stop with the doors remaining closed as there could we see more mergers in the near future? took place on the first day of the show in is currently no approval to carry passengers; The GE/Wabtec deal looks likely to conclude the nearby city of Potsdam. A group of the functionality is there to do so however. in early 2019 and the Siemens-Alstom deal international journalists was taken to Stopping to within a tolerance of 400-500mm seems similarly certain, despite concerns Verkehrsbetrieb Potsdam’s (ViP) Fritz-Zubeil- of a pre-determined position each time, from competition and regulatory authorities Straße depot to experience the premiere of every time, it was explained by Siemens in Australia, Spain and the UK – to name but the operator’s collaboration with Siemens in ADAS Design Engineer Christian Klier that three. But those in the know in Berlin that the field of autonomous tram operation. the system’s advanced AI ‘brain’ will learn to TAUT spoke to seem to believe that this may After a welcome by ViP Managing Director make this even more precise over time. just be the first phase of a move to create a true Oliver Glaser, guests were treated to a quick Mr Klier described how the hardest thing European rail superpower. Could Bombardier overview of the technology before undertaking to get right is the sensitivity of the system. be the next player to join? Or Stadler? Only a demonstration ride into the city. While the tram’s sensors are constantly time will tell, but there is plenty of gossip The fruits of this experiment are scanning the environment for hazards in the and conjecture on the options. impressive. Although our driver Manfred (a vicinity of the track area, it is trained initially Alstom CEO Henri Poupart-Lafarge said in veteran ViP employee of 29 years) remained through a human interface, taking that data a press conference that he is not worried by in the cab, his involvement was largely and processing it using advanced algorithms: the challenges to his company’s merger with confined to opening and closing the doors “We are progressing well. We are discussing Siemens, or the time taken by the European and negotiating movement out of the depot. the next steps, which include further routes Commission in approving the deal. Describing Travelling amongst real traffic, ourCombino in Potsdam and use cases for the depot as this the rail sector as “extremely complex”, he (no. 400, the first production model of the is a closed environment. We are currently refused to consider that it wouldn’t happen, type that began its life in Potsdam and defining these use cases with ViP.” although it is suggested that it may not make travelled the world as a demonstrator before On an otherwise uneventful run, to prove the proposed January completion date. returning to the city) weaved its way along the a point an employee with a pram stood on “There is a wealth of suppliers in the EU”, mixed segregated and street-running route an unsegregated level crossing on our return he said on 18 September, referring to rivals such through the south-eastern district of Stern to the depot. The tram performed exactly as as Bombardier and Stadler, also referencing on a 6km (3.7-mile) run. While in autonomus it should in automatic mode – sounding its the growth of ’s CRRC as well as new mode, the vehicle was controlled entirely bell at 100m from the employee as an initial competitors from Japan, Korea and India. by the Advanced Driver Assistance System warning, and then coming to a controlled stop around 10m from the level crossing. No dramas, just smooth progressive braking. It has taken a year of work to get to this stage, involving a large team of computer scientists, vehicle engineers, mathematicians and physicists from Siemens, working in close collaboration with ViP staff. Both were keen to stress that this is currently a research and development project only and that no commercial service is planned for autonomous trams; this is just a ‘further contribution to the wider field of driverless technology’. All of the development and conversion costs are being borne by Siemens. ViP’s Mr Glaser was also keen to point out that such developments will not lead to job losses. In the event that such a system is introduced, drivers will be redeployed to assist passengers, marshal safety on platforms and remain on board in case of more serious incidents out on the network. “Our priority is safety,” he said. “Secondly we think it will improve efficiency.”

Materials and lightweighting ABOVE: An LCD display used to illustrate the A key focus of this year’s InnoTrans was ADAS system during the demonstration run on on lightweighting and efficiency, with Verkehrsbetrieb Potsdam’s network. manufacturers and suppliers keen to show how their products are lighter, stronger, RIGHT: Potsdam Combino 400 on Potsdam’s Galileistraße. The automatic tram demonstration longer lasting and use less energy. on 18 September marked what was claimed as a The increased use of composite materials world premiere for the technology under and advanced technology such as 3D printing real-world network conditions. and additive manufacturing was seen on

412 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org ABOVE: The CRRC Cetrovo concept made its debut in Berlin and drew the attention of the world's media.

LEFT: Composite materials are used for the Cetrovo’s bodyshell and interior panels as well as key mechanical support sections. Although a little ‘rough and ready’ in places, the technology marks an impressive statement of intent for CRRC’s ambitions in developing lighter weight vehicles for a worldwide marketplace.

RIGHT: Advanced digital displays double as web-enabled services for passenger infotainment. many stands, furthering these aims. Stratasys, Ding Sansan, CRRC Deputy Chief Engineer, a leader in 3D printing technology, showed added: “The cost of maintenance for the new IS THE FUTURE H2? TAUT its solutions for both rapid prototyping train will be much lower than for traditional While the halls displaying electrification and digital manufacturing. While currently trains because of the disappearance of solutions were as busy as ever, there was a clear the focus is on engineering components from problems related to fatigue or erosion of focus on alternative traction solutions. Almost thermoplastic materials, Strategic Account materials, so its operating cost will also be every LRV and metro car supplier now has a Manager Björn Richter explained that the lower from the lifecycle point of view, despite solution to run independently from the overhead technology to print composites and even a higher initial construction cost.” wire or ; and the market for hydrogen metals is achievable and is something the CRRC representatives would not be drawn power vehicles is developing rapidly. company is looking at with its rail partners. on how much of a premium this advanced At InnoTrans 2016, Alstom revealed the Taking lightweighting to the extreme, one technology would add per vehicle. Although Coradia iLint for the first time and just before this year’s show it entered commercial service in exhibit that was packed with visitors across it was obvious by the fit and finish of some of Lower Saxony between the cities of Cuxhaven, the four days was CRRC’s Next Generation the panels that this is very much a concept Bremerhaven, Bremervörde and Buxtehude. Metro, or Cetrovo as it is now christened. vehicle, if the company can perfect these Another interesting hydrogen rail project The new train claims to be 13% lighter than innovations and transfer them to its full was launched at this year’s InnoTrans, this stainless steel or aluminium-bodied vehicles, catalgoue in the near future, then it will surely time combining the expertise of one of the UK’s which, when combined with new energy have other manufacturers worried. The first leading rolling stock providers and academia. efficient traction systems and silicon carbine dynmaic tests of the Cetrovo are expected Re-engineering a Class 319 EMU from the convertors, equates to a claimed reduction in early in 2019. 1980s, on 19 September – and in the presence of UK Secretary of State for Transport Chris energy consumption of up to 15%. Advanced Disappointingly, the XZD-100 low-floor Grayling – Porterbrook Leasing announced battery systems also allow the train to travel tram concept – developed by Southwest that it was making such a unit available to the independently for up to 15km (9.3 miles). Jiaotong University and Voith – didn’t appear Birmingham Centre for Railway Research Onboard the Centrovo, passengers are to make it to the show, despite it featuring in and Education (BCRRE) for conversion into a treated to ‘intelligent’ infotainment systems, pre-event materials. hydrogen-powered train, known as HydroFlex. including windows that double as web-enabled The growth of Chinese companies in every Development has already begun and it is touchscreen displays. People can watch the field at this year’s InnoTrans was noticeable, hoped that test runs will begin in the summer news, check the weather, buy onward tickets or with over 180 exhibitors taking up more of 2019. BCRRE added that part of the project watch videos. Other creature comforts include than 6000m2 of the total exhibition space. includes developing product approval and safety cases for hydrogen running in the UK. self-cleaning seats and cabin lighting that From being followers just a few years ago, The Class 319 has proven its capability for reacts intelligently to changing conditions it is clear that the bigger Chinese suppliers retrofitment; the already for more relaxing journeys. are now rapidly emerging as leaders, with has an order to lease fiveClass 769 Flex electro- With active suspension and independently advanced technology on display in Berlin diesel hybrids for use on rural lines as part of the controlled wheels, the ride is promised to that appears much closer to the level of many Wales & Borders franchise in partnership with be noise and vibration free and also less of the more established European and North Operational and Delivery Partner KeolisAmey. damaging to the track. Meanwhile, 1100 American players. So although fuel cell-powered trams are not a onboard sensors monitor the train’s functions European associations are welcoming new innovation, it is surely only a matter of time before a major manufacturer displays a concept in real-time to optimise efficiency when in such a commitment to innovation. vehicle – perhaps in 2020? service and aid preventative maintenance. This was evident in Berlin with the signing CRRC President Sun Yongcai said: “Rail of a declaration of intent for closer equipment is on the cusp of a revolution. collaboration on urban rail vehicles between The acceptance and introduction of carbon Volker Schenk, President of the German fibre materials have allowed for lighter, Railway Industry Association (VDB), and more energy-efficient trains… CRRC Zhou Xiaoqin, Executive Vice-President of will continue to invest in research and the China Association of Metros. This ‘Sino- development and the application of new German co-operation in urban rail transport’ technologies and carbon fibre materials on encompasses joint planning, construction high-speed Maglev trains, high-speed EMUs, and standardisation of rail vehicles in subways and light rail cars.” metropolitan regions. Porterbrook

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414 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Glasgow Subway CREATING THE UK’S FIRST DRIVERLESS RAILWAY

SPT’s Charles Hoskins talks TAUT through some of the major projects being delivered on the Glasgow Subway that will ensure that it is not only fit for the future, but become a class-leading pioneer for the UK.

The first of the next-generation Stadler Glasgow Subway trains was unveiled at September’s InnoTrans exhibition in Berlin. TAUT

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 415 Glasgow Subway

lasgow’s Subway stands out as “Looking back to the 1890s, something of an oddity in terms the Victorians were building this of urban rail systems, with many fantastic underground railway in quirky engineering features that London, the Metropolitan line, so the have shaped its development well-to-do people of Glasgow had Gand operations. These legacy constraints are similar thoughts. There were genuine part of everyday life for owner and operator transport reasons behind that Strathclyde Partnership for Transport (SPT), decision; it was all about congestion but they also pose major challenges in the and road space and finding a system’s GBP288m (EUR323m) modernisation different solution to the horse-drawn that will see Unattended Train Operation carts and trams of the time. (UTO) introduced in the coming years. “So they built the Glasgow District With 11ft 2in (3.4m) bores and a Subway as it was known. It opened on An original poster for the Glasgow District Subway. four-foot (1220mm) , the circular 14 December 1896, but actually only for a system that covers both north and south day as they had an accident and clearly the Street and Shields Road stations to haul a sides of the River Clyde is the world’s third- signalling system didn’t work very well, so it 10.5km (6.5-mile) continuous raised cable. oldest underground railway – after London shut the same day. But that claim third-oldest Grippers underneath the original wooden- and Budapest. SPT’s Senior Director Charles is because it opened for that one day!” bodied trains pulled them around the loop, Hoskins has overall responsibility for the It reopened the following January. releasing the cable to bring them to a stop at 122-year-old system: “We have some unique The twin tunnels were built between any of the 15 stations. The maximum speed challenges, so you really have to understand 0.76m and 1.8m apart and come together at at the time was 15mph (24km/h) and a lack the history of your assets before you start the system’s stations in a single 8.5m arch, of crossovers on the main system to this day to modernise them. using a steam engine located between West means there are no facilities for ‘laying by’ trains during quieter periods. The original St Enoch Additionally, as there was no cable haulage station building was the to the depot, vehicles were transferred to and home of the Glasgow from the running lines by a crane operating District Subway Railway over a pit at the workshops, located between Company and is now a Govan and Ibrox stations. History books listed building. It became suggest that trains could be moved across in a coffee shop in 2009. just four minutes – incredible for the time. Ed Webster / CC-BY 2.0 The first moves to modernisation In 1923, the Subway passed to the Glasgow Corporation Transport Department, and in the following decade was converted to the current 600V dc electric third rail traction supply. However, where the tunnel walls encroach upon the track’s dynamic envelope to make it impossible to mount the live conductor rail next to the running rails, this has been raised to higher on the wall with special brackets to ensure rigidity. The next major upgrade came in 1977 under a three-year project as the system changed hands again to the Greater Glasgow Passenger Transport Executive BELOW: Two new glazed canopy entrances to St Enoch opened in 2015. SPT (a forerunner to SPT, formed as a statutory

416 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org LEFT: The dark and slightly gloomy platform setting at West Street station in August 2008. F. Shields / CC-BY 2.0

RIGHT: The upgraded St Enoch station showing the bright and airy environment, improved massively through the use of energy-efficient LED lighting. SPT corporation on 1 April 1996). This included costs, required a plan for ‘ground-up’ renewal expectations are continuing to go up, so how station modernisation, tunnel repairs, as the GBP18-20m (EUR20.5-23m) in annual do we retain our existing passengers, cater track replacement and upgrades to the passenger revenue doesn’t go very far. for the future and deliver an even better electrification infrastructure. Reopening in Mr Hoskins continues: “A recent service at the same time? its present form in April 1980, the Subway passenger survey by Transport Focus “We’ve been pretty flat in patronage now had its first points as part of a triangular showed punctuality at 95% with our overall for a while. Our city’s not necessarily junction to connect the Broomloan depot. reliability sitting at 99%. So we try and keep seen itself develop around the Subway, This upgrade also marked the last use of that high reliability, and in terms of overall and sometimes the value of the system is the original 1896 rolling stock, replaced with customer satisfaction we sit at 97% with underestimated by city planners in terms 33 powered units built by Metro-Cammell, 93% positive feedback on journey times. of access to highly reliable, high-quality, to which eight trailers were added in 1992. So we could say; ‘it’s fine, keep running as affordable public transport.” These were refurbished by Alstom in the we are’ and go home.” mid-2000s. Examples of the original fleet But nearly 40 years on from the last major Smart ticketing can be found at the city’s Riverside Musuem upgrades, the cracks were starting to show. So with a March 2012 commitment of and the Bo’ness & Kinneil Railway. In 2011 SPT began planning for its current GBP246m (EUR276m) from the Scottish The unusual track gauge and tight tunnel programme to address rising costs and to Government, detailed planning for the bores limits cars to 12m lengths and the route increase capacity: “You get to the 40-45-year five-pronged modernisation could begin. has gradients as steep as 1-in-18 (5.5%) for the period with the bathtub effect and you’ve got This investment is topped up with GBP42m under-river crossings. It takes 24 minutes to to look at a strategic intervention. You can’t (EUR48m) from SPT’s own resources and a complete a full loop of the line. just keep putting a sticky plaster on things.” business case was built around savings of Describing these constraints, Mr Hoskins With a four-minute peak frequency, six GBP150m (EUR171m) over the next three says: “One of the biggest challenges we face trains on each circle, last year the Subway decades, and increasing capacity to 17 million today was the size they built it. There are a lot carried 12.7m passengers, down from a high passengers per year over a similar timescale. of historical questions about why it was built of 14.7m at the turn of the century. These Mr Hoskins continues: “This was a to that particular size, with suggestions it was figures are “substantial” in Hoskins’ eyes, major investment based upon five main due to cost.” “but nothing in terms of the scale you see workstreams: smart ticketing, station in some of the megacities”. The Subway has refurbishment, infrastructure repairs and Moving into the 21st Century around 260 staff, 170 operational, and all renewal, rolling stock and control system Although the Subway has served the city maintenance is carried out in-house. replacement, and organisational change.” centre well for 122 years, concerns over the Mr Hoskins continues: “We were facing Around GBP6.7m (EUR7.6m) has been state of the fully-gated system’s assets, allied some huge challenges, but the main driver committed to smart ticketing initiatives to to increased operational and maintenance is always the customer. Standards and make the Subway and SPT’s other operations fit for the modern age. “We were one of the first to introduce a full ITSO commercial scheme with contactless cards [in 2013],” Mr Hoskins explains, “and we are now looking at delivering these products to mobile devices.” Over 160 000 smartcards have been bought to date and online sales more than doubled in 2017-18. Over a quarter of annual and six-month season tickets are now purchased this way. The next step is to go mobile. Developed by Nevis Technologies – a joint venture between SPT and Rambus Ecebs – a pilot that enables the purchase of tickets via Android smartphones has been tested by staff for around 18 months and is now in the hands of ‘friendly’ customers. Utilising Host Card Emulation technology, passengers can download a ticket to their device to enter, exit and move seamlessly through the system. (For more on HCE, see TAUT 952).

Station refurbishment “The next thing we decided at the beginning was a full refurb of all 15 stations,” Mr Hoskins continues. Around GBP50m (EUR57m) of the total budget has been allocated to these works, with comprehensive remodelling undertaken

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 417 Glasgow Subway

in line with contracts with leading British New escalators, signage and ticket gates at Hillhead station. SPT architectural firms, Austin-Smith Lord, AHR and AEDAS. The first to be completed was Hillhead, in September 2012, after 14 months of work that included new escalators, improved signage and passenger information, public artwork and the creation of new ticket offices and retail space. It includes DDA enhancements such as hearing loops and tactile maps and paving. To avoid passenger disruption, most of the works were carried out in short night-time possessions and at weekends. This set an important precedent; the 11 completed so far (all to time and budget), incorporate bright, modern environments and reduce everyday operating costs through more modern and energy-efficient materials. All of the system’s 28 escalators have been replaced with more energy-efficient versions Closures and leaks negotiating former quarries and abandoned that also use 98% less lubrication, under a Although the intention had been to complete mineshafts – no uniform method of contract with Otis completed in 2015. major works without closing the system, this construction was adopted. Consequently Design work for the final four stations was unavoidable for a six-week period in July/ some sections are cylindrical while others (St Georges Cross, Cowcaddens, Kinning Park August 2016 for replacement of the depot are a horseshoe shape, with a variety of and West Street) has been completed with access tracks. This GBP5m (EUR5.7m) brick, concrete and cast iron linings. These construction works to begin in late 2018 or design-and-build contract was completed conditions, in conjunction with changes to early 2019. by Colas Rail and involved renewal of the the surrounding soils over the last century “This work was partly about the condition concrete trackbed and drainage and relaying have led to varying degrees of deterioration of the assets, but also about how you present of the rail, switches, crossings and point and an increase in water ingress. yourself to the customer. I remember meeting motors. In the first planned closure in over 30 Following detailed studies, a tunnel lining David [Sidebottom – Passenger Director years, bus replacement services mimicked the improvement plan was agreed with Freyssinet of Transport Focus, the independent UK circular service on the surface. in December 2014. A vital component of the passenger transport watchdog] after the Mr Hoskins describes the works: “The modernisation, this included improving results of the last annual passenger survey only place that trains cross over is the ramps the structure and fabric of the tunnels and came out and he pointed out a particular and turnouts at the depot, so we couldn’t trackbed in night-time possessions, with statistic, the difference between a good operate trains in that area for that scale of strengthening, repairs and caulking to reduce journey and a great journey. He said he’d infrastructure renewal. Although taking the volume and impacts of water ingress. never seen stations rated so highly. slightly longer than originally planned, Colas As Hoskins explains: “When Freyssinet “This was credit to the fact that we did an excellent job and what we got out of came in, one of their biggest challenges was determined investment in stations was that is infrastructure that’ll see us through in devising a lot of bespoke equipment to so important, because when you speak to the next 40 years.” reduce manual handling in the tight tunnels other operators it’s all about trams or trains, While station refurbishment and track to meet the tight deadlines. This project has signalling, and reliability – which is the replacement have a more tangible direct been recognised with numerous awards, so fundamental bedrock. But don’t forget about impact on the passenger experience, other the lesson is to take the time to get the right the environment you’re investing in, and significant tunnel remediation has carried partnerships – it’s worth the effort.” what value that brings to the surroundings. on behind the scenes. The depth of the lines He continues: “With the Subway being at “We had 1970s stations that were pretty varies considerably, between three and 35m the depth it is at various points and running grotty, and while they’re still pretty below the surface, due to prevailing geology, underneath the Clyde in part, we do have to small the 11 completed so far are almost and due to this complexity encountered deal with water ingress so a lot of investment unrecognisable.” by the original engineers – including is not just in the tunnel lining but the

The first services will run with drivers; this temporary ’cab’ will later be removed to create further passenger seating. TAUT

The interior of a new Stadler Subway car, showing the new passenger information screens and CCTV cameras as well as the enhanced seating layout. TAUT

418 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org sumps and pumps that we use as well. So I challenged the team and ourselves to how we could bring innovation to an environment like that. “The water and the air in the Subway system is at a constant 14-15°C, so working with Glasgow Caledonian University through a Knowledge Transfer Partnership we came up with a plan to use both air and water source heat pumps in the stations, so even in our 122-year-old system you can still find those opportunities.” Other works required the removal of 120km (75 miles) of redundant cable, and the Subway’s 21 pumping stations have seen replacement equipment as part of a GBP2m (EUR2.3m) contract awarded to WGM Engineering in 2014.

Tailor-made trains Delivering the UK’s first UTO (Unattended Train Operation) project, when replacing the rolling stock and control systems, SPT undertook a process of describing the desired operational requirements rather than starting with a detailed technical specification. Working with Glasgow-based consultant Racon and SYSTRA, and now ABOVE: Track and crossover replacement in 2015. SPT Atkins, prospective suppliers were invited to enter into a competitive dialogue to develop Sheffield and Rotherham following its solutions delivering the best value for money. “We determined that acquisition of Vossloh’s Spanish rolling The outcome has seen the procurement stock business in late 2015. split into two contracts – one for manufacture investment in stations Its decision to pursue the Glasgow Subway and supply (MSA), and one for technical was so important – it’s all contract was no doubt bolstered by success in support, spares and maintenance (TSSSA). its first commission for underground trains; This led to two agreements in March 2016 about trams, signalling an unusual project for 2.4m-wide Kleinprofil with a joint venture of Ansaldo STS and trains for Berlin’s U1-U4 U-Bahn lines. Stadler; the TSSSA runs for ten years as Mr and reliability; but don’t Passengers will notice the changes Hoskins explained: “We don’t necessarily immediately, Hoskins enthuses: “We’ve never know that supply chain so we need that forget the environment had things like TFT screens and passenger technical support and we need them to help-points, so we’re integrating all that and supply the spares”. you’re investing in.” CCTV as well. One of the big other things Stadler is to supply 17 articulated trains is advertising. That’s a significant revenue with walk-through gangways and secondary Such a design and supply contract was a stream for us, so it was important that we air suspension for additional passenger perfect fit for Stadler, a manufacturer that took the advertising company with us in comfort. At 39.24m long, the new four-car is relatively new to the UK but which has a terms of the initial design to maximise those vehicles gain 1.5m in length over the existing fine reputation for specialised rail vehicles opportunities without affecting the brand in three-car trains and will have capacity for for some of Europe’s more unusual rail terms of what we’re giving to the customers.” 309 passengers, 110 seated and including six operations that necessitate lower production Each train includes 14 15in (38cm) high- tip-up seats, compared to the current 270. runs and quick turnaround times. definition screens, with six for advertising They will also accommodate wheelchairs. The company’s first foray into the UK and eight for passenger information. Maximum operating speed will see a slight came in 2011, driven by Transport for The rolling stock contract forms just under increase at 58km/h (36mph) and the AC London’s tight schedule for increasing half of the GBP200m (EUR225m) upgrade traction motors will be water-cooled with capacity on its Tramlink network in readiness package, with Ansaldo STS responsible for IGBT traction control for regenerative for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games signalling and depot upgrades. braking. Sixteen will be required in peak being hosted the following year. The first hours, with an additional spare. Variobahn was delivered just 145 days after Control systems and the OCC Temporary cab partitions will be included signing of the contract and went into service Although it currently uses fixed block for initial passenger service, to be removed on 30 March 2012. Subsequent options have signalling, the Glasgow Subway solution after the transition to UTO and creating taken Tramlink’s roster to 12 Variobahn is slightly different to other underground valuable extra space. In the initial driven trams, the latest delivery in October 2016. railways due to the narrow tunnel bores and months, the Subway will have mixed fleet Since then the company has seen success unique electrification setup. operation – which Mr Hoskins describes will with electric and bi-mode heavy rail cars Conductor rails on the walls supplying be an “interesting period”. for Abellio Greater Anglia (to enter service train lighting also feed the signalling system Predictive maintenance functionality is next year) and a GBP460m (EUR524m) order so when a train occupies a particular track being built into the new fleet with critical for bespoke electric trains for the section the lighting current actuates the systems monitored continuously to alert staff network. These four-car articulated metro- signal. The current is interrupted when the to issues before they become failures that style EMUs will enter service in 2020 to section is passed so the ‘line clear’ signal is require removal from service. replace ex-BR stock dating from the 1970s. given. To guard against a train entering a This marks Stadler’s first order for One train per week will be delivered section with extinguished lights, trip cocks an automatic, driverless system and the from the summer of 2019. are installed at the entrance to each block. trains are being built at the company’s In June 2018, an order for Citylink UTO requires fully automated signalling facility at Altenrhein, Switzerland. tram-trains and FLIRT multiple units was and control, and the Subway is an ideal The first train debuted at the InnoTrans placed for the future South Wales Metro candidate for conversion being fully exhibition in Berlin, before its arrival in project; the company delivered similar segregated, with one depot and no interfaces the Broomloan depot. units to the UK’s tram-train pilot between with any other rail network.

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Hoskins explains: “CBTC with UTO will As Hoskins explains: “This fifth workstream get us down to three-minute headways with is probably the one I spend most of my 90-second headways possible. We need this as time on – our people. It’s about one of the key areas we serve is Ibrox stadium, communicating with those staff who are so it’s about pushing crowds through quicker helping us achieve 97% customer satisfaction for events. It also integrates with the platform as they are the ones equally fearful for their screen doors [PSDs], a real focus for the ORR jobs when you talk about UTO and driverless. [Office of Rail and Road] in terms of safety.” So I spend a lot of time talking to them The chosen system will be the same proven about what that future looks like, how Ansaldo solution supplied to Copenhagen, secure that is for them. There may not be Milan and Stockholm. Car-borne Controllers as many jobs, but there’s still significant (CC) calculate the train’s position using job security.” a tachometer which records the distance This approach is borne out by looking travelled between track balises and transmits ABOVE: A close-up of the new bogie and third rail at examples in Paris, where RATP has this to the Zone Controller. This determines pickup; the new trains promise improved ride quality successfully redeployed many of its former movement authority, communicating and greater energy efficiency. TAUT driving staff, for example within the OCC back to the CC to dictate the trains’ speeds, or to handle technical or passenger-related adjusting traction power or braking as BELOW: A visualisation of the future, showing the issues at stations. required. The system also controls the trains’ at Hillhead station; this is the Security of another kind is also at the final stage of the modernisation programme. SPT doors and other associated systems and forefront of Hoskins’ mind: “We have a keen manages performance so can direct vehicles focus on cyber security as it’s not just about to the depot for service as required. Hoskins PSDs. Installed by Gilgen Door Systems and the physical security, and we have ongoing explains: “The new system minimises controlled by the CBTC system, all new dialogue with the DfT [Department for wayside equipment and this is very useful trains need to be in service and the old fleet Transport] on some of these issues.” Further given the environment that it is going into.” removed before this can happen. proactive engagement is ongoing with the Detailed design for the new Operational Scottish Government on this crucial factor Control Centre (OCC) was completed earlier The challenges of UTO that affects transport operators of all kinds. this year, with construction underway. Although UTO conversions for manually- Completion is expected in summer 2019. driven lines are rare, they have been seen Where next on the roadmap? Development of a 750m test track at before. Nürnberg (Nuremberg) completed Mr Hoskins concludes by explaining the Broomloan is also underway, a current focus the transition for its U-Bahn line in 2010, roadmap to the project’s completion: for the Ansaldo/Stadler joint venture ahead with of the Paris Metro opening after “The first three trains will be delivered for of the delivery of the first train. Due to the major works in July 2012. Further lines in the type testing soon and while this happens unusual gauge, dynamic testing cannot begin French capital are to follow suit, with RATP we’ll be installing the CBTC system, firstly in until the first vehicles arrive in Glasgow. awarding a contract to Siemens to automate the yard and then in the tunnels. An existing segregated track laid during the by 2020. SPT is learning from these “Once the new OCC is tested and 1979 modernisation and mothballed for other operators through close ties as part of operational we can do the first overnight many years is being rehabilitated for this its membership of UITP. line tests and while that’s going on we’ll purpose, and a new assembly site and store Due to the impact of such major works, have units 4-17 delivered. They will then go will be built alongside. This will be fitted such UTO transformations only make sense through the same process of offline testing. for CBTC operation and feature a PSD-fitted if carried out to coincide with major fleet “While the line testing for all units is being platform for staff safety. or infrastructure renewal programmes; finalised, we’ll carry out the UTO transition In other Broomloan upgrades, a new wheel RATP estimates a return on investment with the CBTC testing and can install the lathe will remove the need to send wheelsets period of around ten years. PSDs during the night-time.” away for tyre turning and a new UTO- Glasgow’s transition from ATO (GoA2) to compatible trainwash will be installed. UTO (GoA4) on a live system is challenging, For the latest updates on the Subway The final stage of the modernisation and understandably requires continuing modernisation programme, visit will be the installation of the 1.7m station engagement with SPT’s frontline staff. www.spt.co.uk/subway/modernisation/

420 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Advertorial SURVEYING THE SUBWAY

rban rail networks are reaching stock and, as a result, on the clearance capacity ever more frequently requirements (e.g. if the carriage sways to and the trend in the metro sector and fro). Further track parameters, such as is clearly heading towards 24-hour gauge or track cant have an additional effect UTO systems. SPT has set the on the issues associated with clearance. Ucourse for the Glasgow Subway network with In order to ensure that every object of driverless services arriving in the near future. relevance (installations, signs, steel bars etc.) As the Subway is currently operated with was reliably captured, a very high data density identical rolling stock, no extensive clearance of 5mm was required across the surface. Yet envelope data – nor a comprehensive policy as track access was limited to brief night-time for handling it – were available for use by shutdowns, great importance was attached to the engineers from in designing a flexible and efficient surveying solution. the new trains. The manufacturer therefore The Amberg IMS 5000 system met these engaged Amberg Technologies to survey requirements in full. In addition to other the full 21km (13-mile) system, provide sensors, the system is equipped with a laser comprehensive baseline data on the geometric scanner (Amberg Profiler 6012) as well as a situation of the tracks and the tunnel network sophisticated Inertial Measuring System (IMS). and carry out digital clearance testing. This allows the track parameters and the Amberg Technologies is a world leader 3D geometry of the tunnel to be captured in user-friendly surveying solutions and its in a single pass at up to 4km (2.5 miles) per Precise dimensions and dynamic behaviour services involved documenting the as-built hour. The performance of the new Amberg were discussed in detailed ongoing dialogue condition of the network, conducting dynamic IMS 5000 system is about four times higher with Stadler Rail engineers and the clearance clearance analyses for testing and optimising compared to previous kinematic measuring calculations in the Amberg Rail 3.0 software the new trains and verification of the profile methods. This is a crucial factor in light of the were parametrised and verified based on clearance for the final vehicle model. trend towards 24-hour operation. this information. High-precision 3D geometric data and The clearance analyses were carried out realistic simulations have contributed Analysis and detailed future plans in several iterations and the respective significantly to the optimisation of the new The full-coverage point cloud and track results were used to adapt and optimise the trains to offer the greatest possible capacity. data captured were evaluated by Amberg new railcar bodies. Additionally, the high- Technologies with the Amberg Rail 3.0 resolution 3D data obtained through the Kinematic 3D recording of the Subway software designed for railway applications. surveys is available for use throughout the Inconsistent track geometry, either The greatest challenge was posed by rest of the modernisation programme and horizontally or vertically, can have a strong determining the actual behaviour of the train for future use for the general needs of SPT in influence on the behaviour of the rolling as well as every possible operational scenario. maintaining the Glasgow Subway.

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RAILWAY SURVEYING IN THE BLINK OF AN EYE!

Want to talk IMS? Call us on +41 44 870 92 92 or email us at [email protected] www.ambergtechnologies.ch

Tramways-and-UrbanTransitMagazine_185x130.indd 1 05.10.2018 09:35:24 Zürich

The core of a

metropolitan area Zürich systems with a near-two million population, SWITZERLAND Zürich has a factfile multi-modal transport network No. Zürich, and a policy of 133 Switzerland significant public transport improvements.

ürich is Switzerland's station – Zürich HB – remains a central ABOVE : From operates the service. Regular services biggest city, yet local reminder of public transport’s role the final Cobra and timetable integration are other demand is just one factor in Swiss life. Nevertheless, the 2015 batch, 3086 is on features of the overall system. to have shaped a public estimate is of around two-thirds of Bahnhofstrasse with Zürich Flughafen (Kloten) is the Zürich HB station in transport network which the country’s journeys being by car: the background on country’s principal airport and has Zis amongst the world’s finest. The city planners do not assume that public 3 May 2018. increasingly become a traffic generator is capital of Zürich canton, the most transport will automatically find favour. for surface transport. Around 10km populous in the Swiss Confederation; German-speaking Swiss (which (6.2 miles) north of the city centre, the cantons have considerable powers, include most Zürich residents) are, it joined the national rail network in including planning and delivery of however, the linguistic group more 1980 and became tram-linked in 2008. local transport systems. These exist likely to be public transport users and Zürich is a long-standing within coverage by the SBB CFF FFS holders of travel discount cards. manufacturing centre, with output federal railway (https://sbb.ch), for In a 2018 report, Swiss public having shifted towards high which Zürich is by far the busiest hub. transport information service LITRA technology. Relative to former Although railway traffic has grown (www.litra.ch) identified that at 64%, times, this is less demanding upon here, it has become more dispersed Zürich residents had the highest rates space and more likely to favour sites and less land-hungry; this is due to the of public transport use for work- around the urban periphery. Public addition of cross-city tunnels, increased related journeys. transport continues to develop to use of bi-directional stock and the However local, nearly all public meet shifts in demand brought by reduced need for sidings. Funding of transport services in Switzerland are such developments and by changing transport projects is often handled by part of what is marketed as the ‘Swiss land use on former manufacturing city, canton and federal sources. Travel System’. From local to national sites. Service industries now dominate Almost surrounded by the routes of level, albeit within zones, ticketing is Words and pictures Zürich’s economy, notably in financial tram and lines, the main cross-mode and irrespective of who by Neil Pulling. matters, and the local authority claims

422 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org

THE FLEET The more numerous type in the uni-directional Bombardier, becoming consortium producers fleet, there are several formats ofTram 2000 of the five-sectionBe 5/6 Cobra. Zürich is the only (named after the initial 2000-number series). location where this design is used. Classified as Drawing resources from companies abbreviated prototypes, the first of six (3001-06) was received as ABB, BBC, SIG, SWP and SWS, 171 high-floor from the former Schindler Wagon works in vehicles were received in batches between Pratteln, , in May 2001. Entering service 1976 -93. Permutations of the formats allow that October, a number of teething problems led for operating different lengths/capacities. to changes in the production batches (3007-88) The most numerous version, 2001-45 and assembled by Bombardier in Villeneuve near ABOVE: On the SZU-operated S10 Uetlibergbahn, 2301-15, is the 21.4m two-section Be 4/6 (four of Montreux. The prototypes were later rebuilt dual-voltage Stadler Be 510 stock at Binz uses the offset six axles powered) with capacity for 48 seated and remain in use. The air-conditioned Cobra is position for track sharing where other trains passengers and 36 standing. styled by famed Italian design house Pininfarina use overhead supply. Used in multiple with other Tram 2000 types, and is 36m long and 2.4m wide, with capacity for the Be 4/6 (‘Blind Cow’ – 2301-15) have no cabs to 90 seated and 148 standing passengers. maximise passenger space, similarly with the Incorporating VBZ specifications, Zürich's single-section 15.4m ‘Pony’ Be 2/4, 2401-35: 35 next generation of trams is however far more seated, 26 standing. The Be 4/8 2099-2121 ‘off the shelf’, albeit with a striking slab-fronted (Sänfte – ‘Litter’ in the sense of a supported external appearance. An initial order for 70 carrier) are conversions with the addition of 43m Bombardier Flexity trams was approved in a 7.5m central low-floor section; 66 seated, May 2017. Bombardier states that the type should 50 standing. They can be used on routes enter service in May 2020. This should see unsuited to the later fully low-floorCobra . withdrawal of the Tram 2000, although service Some Tram 2000 manufacturing partners expansion is already making stock availability passed into the ownership of Alstom and a challenge.

ABOVE: Hess/ Kiepe trolleybus 83 at Bucheggplatz. Line 32 will end here under the Tram Affoltern project, with re-routed tramline 11 serving the Holzerhurd terminus. Another new service through Bucheggplatz is in the proposed Rosengarten project.

RIGHT: Multi-line Stauffacher stop was identified in 2017 as having Zürich’s highest incidence of tram- pedestrian collisions, nationally second to Basel SBB’s tram forecourt.

BELOW LEFT: VBG 3063 starts a line 12 service from Bahnhof Stettbach, a terminus for VBZ trams. The S-Bahn tracks are sub-surface.

BELOW RIGHT: Tram 2000 2066+2034 leave Bahnhof Tiefenbrunnen, a lakeside tram terminus and S-Bahn interchange.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 423 Zürich

10 12 Flughafen Fracht

Zürich Flughafen 10 17 Zürich HB

Central

Stauffacher

Paradeplatz

Bellevue Bf Stadelhofen 15 Bürkliplatz 6 14 Bf Enge Seebach

Auzelg

11 Wallisellen

Sternen DEPOT Oerliken Frankental 13 Neugut 9 Hirzenbach Limma 15 17 t Bf Stettbach Bucheggplatz Werdhölzli Milchbuck 8 Hardturm DEPOT 7 12

DEPOT Schaff- Escher- hauser Farbhof Altstetten Wyss-Platz Platz 2 4

Hardbrücke 6 Zoo

5 Kirche Fluntern Albisrieden

3 DEPOT

Triemli

9 14 Klusplatz 3 8 Laubegg 5

Albisgütli Rehalp Bf Tiefenbrunnen 13 11 2 4

Zürichsee

Wollishofen 7 DEPOT 0 1 2

Kilometres

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that one of every nine of Switzerland’s jobs is located in the city. Despite the high value of the Swiss Franc, the city also enjoys considerable tourist trade. Geography was an early influence on transport arrangements, not least being the city’s location at the northern end of the Zürichsee (Lake Zürich). The lake’s outfall is the Limmat with bridges distributing the tramway around both banks of the river; lake and river ferries gain much patronage from leisure users. Such conditions have also encouraged the hire of and dining services aboard heritage and normal ABOVE: ZVV service trams. Today’s central area, Trams and hailed new tracks which includes a designated Altstadt Zürich’s tramway began with private opened in December network facts (Old Town), grew on a fairly level site. ventures, a horse-drawn tramway in 2017 between This is broadly between the lakefront 1882 and an electric service in 1894. Hardplatz and Opened: 1882 (electrification from 1894) Quaibrücke and the Bahnhofbrücke, Both passed into city ownership by Schiffbau as ‘a small Lines: 15 (including VBG) the bridge between Zürich HB and 1897, a process that continued with section with a big Depots: Five Central tramstop. Hilly central parts other such enterprises until 1931. impact’ for network are made accessible by in Motor bus and trolleybus routes connectivity. Approx. weekday hours: 05.00-23.59 with wide variations by line places, while also creating undulating were introduced in 1927 and 1939 BELOW: The  tram journeys. Amongst these, respectively. These modes and ferries first Cobra, 3001, Line frequency: From seven minutes between Bahnhof Enge and Zoo (the continue under the city’s operator, rebuilt to the later with wide variations by line system’s highest point) is perhaps known since 1978 as Verkehrsbetriebe specification. These Gauge: 1000mm the most extreme. Continuing Zürich (VBZ). This is marketed as VBZ tracks near Escher- Power: 600V dc, overhead supply Wyss-Platz opened urban expansion tends to follow less Züri-Linie, with liveries using the Fleet: 258 (50 powered trailers) challenging terrain along the Limmat blue and white of the city and canton. in 2011 as part of the Zürich-West project. City network/operator: valley and in areas north of the city. VBZ is one of over 40 constituents Verkehrsbetriebe Zürich (VBZ) – The city’s resident population of of the Zürich canton’s transport www.stadt-zuerich.ch/vbz 396 955 in 2016, almost a third being network, administered by Zürcher R egional (canton) transport: Zürcher non-Swiss, remains below a peak Verkehrsverbund (ZVV) that identifies Verkehrsverbund – www.zvv.ch in 1962. An increase to over half 650 million annual passenger journeys. Civic information: a million is anticipated for 2035. All of VBZ’s tram services (except www.stadt-zuerich.ch It was migration to outer parts of VBG – see later) are within zone the conurbation (now with around 110 and tramlines are numbered Tourist information: www.zuerich.com 1.1 million residents) and nearby between 2 and 17. Line 1 became a rare towns that led to the 20th Century conversion from tram to bus in 1954 residential decline in the city-proper. and the missing number 16 may be Although German is Zürich’s applied to a future line to run west to main language, many languages may north-east, unusual for the system in be encountered and 12 designated not being routed via the central area. districts comprise the city, several In 2007, VBZ identified a system being bordered by other urban length of 122.6km (77.6 miles) and the communities. Reliable and intensive density of tracks leads to a profusion rail services mean that other large of junctions and stops where transfer cities fall within Zürich’s commuter between lines is possible. For catchment. The national capital, example, Bellevue, Bürkliplatz and Bern, is 126km (78 miles) to the Paradeplatz are all within a small south-west. Also within one hour by area – such locations often have a train are Basel and Luzern (Lucerne). VBZ information point. Another Winterthur – the sixth most populous grouping is the Zürich HB platforms Swiss city – is just 20 minutes away. and Central, near the base of the

2 ABOVE: Tram 2089 with powered trailer on Giesshübelstrasse, part of the route from Saalsporthalle to the line 13 terminus, Albisgütli. LEFT: Paradeplatz, one of several-closely spaced, multi-line tram convergences in central Zürich.

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LEFT: VBG Cobra privately-owned Polybahn , by a residential development with the 3072 at Glattbrugg operated by VBZ. There are also major historic frontage being retained. station where a intersections at Sternen Oerlikon, On a smaller scale, there are sidings tunnel was needed Stauffacher and Escher-Wyss-Platz. under a modern development across to pass under the An extra dimension applies at the street from Kalkbreite depot. wide spread of main line tracks in the Milchbuck, located at the western The VBZ headquarters (VBZ area. end of a 2.5km (1.6-mile) tunnel. Zentrum) and works face Badener Built in anticipation of the Tiefbahn Strasse between Kappeli and metro project, this proved premature Grimselstrasse tramstops in Altstetten. as a referendum ended the scheme System compatibility enables by 1973. Originally intended for the the Forchbahn (www.forchbahn.ch) metro’s Dübendorf branch, the tunnel interurban service – S18 – to enter was adopted for tramway use, opening Zürich, and the city terminus is a in 1986. This added the operational dedicated platform outside Bahnhof quirk of trams being crossed to ‘wrong Stadelhofen. It runs with limited stops line’ working to place doors on the over 3km (1.9 miles) of shared tracks as correct side for using island platforms far as Rehalp, terminus of VBZ line 11. at the three underground stops. Services by dual-voltage (1200V/600V) The trolleybus system, about 54km Tram 2000 type and 2004-built Stadler (34 miles) long and with six lines, will Be 4/6 run at mainly 15-minute be shortened by forthcoming tramway intervals (peak eight/hour) between expansion but could however grow Zürich Stadelhofen and Forch, taking from the conversion of bus lines as the 21 minutes. Alternate services are canton seeks to electrify more of its to/from the eastern terminus at transport offering. VBZ operates 225 Esslingen and take 37 minutes. buses and 60 lines. A night network Amongst several railway categories, (supplement payable) using S-Bahn the S-Bahn format implemented in 1990 and buses runs Friday-Saturday and is the high-capacity, high-frequency ABOVE: Forchbahn Be 4/6 cross near Waltikon stop. The 1.76km Saturday-Sunday from 01.00. carrier. To varying extents, other modes (1.1-mile) tunnel opened in 1976, created to end running through Two tram types operate normal have become feeders to the S-Bahn and Zumikon village streets. services: Tram 2000 and Cobra. most of its 30 lines are run by the Swiss With the cost and risk implications Federal Railway (SBB) under whose of bespoke designs encountered identity the service is promoted. previously, the latter will probably The S-Bahn is characterised by be the last type to be created mainly double-deck rolling stock and fully in association with Zürich’s widespread overlapping of services transport authority. Vehicles carry to match demand according to time an internal plate or sticker showing and location. Like S18 in being outside the month/year of commissioning the standard Swiss heavy rail format, (Inbetriebsetzung)and ensuing revisions the Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn and there is a local tradition of tram (SZU) S10 line is the country’s steepest nicknames gaining official acceptance. standard-gauge adhesion railway. Depots are in established urban areas, often hidden by surrounding Beyond the city buildings. An exception remains the Light rail has been adopted for ABOVE: Line 10 connects Zürich’s international airport and its prominent Hard depot by the Limmat, metropolitan expansion beyond the main station. VBG Cobra 369 is at Seilbahn Rigiblick, the stop for the although by 2021 most of the area city boundaries. Verkehrsbetriebe Rigiblick funicular’s lower terminus. above the storage tracks will be covered Glattal (VBG) is responsible for an area

ABOVE: Waldgarten stop, one of several in the tunnel originally intended for metro. This section requires the cross-over of the single sided trams for using the island platforms. BELOW: Cargo Tram and E-Tram offer free waste disposal at mobile collection points. Converted from passenger use, tug Xe 4/4 1922 is at Werdhölzli recycling depot.

ABOVE: Used for storage, Hard depot on the banks of the Limmat is due for redevelopment that will create residential properties above the tracks. The historic frontage will be retained.

426 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org

RIGHT: Glattalbahn near Kloten Balsberg, one of many S-Bahn interchanges.

BELOW: Limmattalbahn works near Schlieren station in May 2018. The ceremony to launch works on the project was held here in 2017.

ABOVE RIGHT: Near station, which the Limmattalbahn will enhance as including Zürich Airport that and Neugut. VBG’s 17 Cobra a main interchange. The BDWM livery as on Stadler ABe 4/8 5013 is being replaced sustains a high level of business trams carry a mainly white livery. with that of Verkehr. and residential expansion. Now There are plans for eastward with 12.7km (7.9 miles) of route, VBG expansion beyond the the Glattalbahn (Glatt Valley Zürich Flughafen Fracht terminus Railway) project’s first phase led to and from near Giessen stop on services starting in 2006 on new line 12. An area projected for tram tracks from Oerlikon to a turning coverage is Dübendorf, previously loop at Auzelg, now a VBZ line 11 an intended metro destination. terminus. The airport gained The Tram Affoltern scheme tram access in 2008 with a stop involves conversion of a trolleybus immediately outside the passenger route in the north-west of the terminal and a terminus and metropolitan area, forecast to turning loop in the freight area. have a further 7000 residents VBG’s service is mainly a by 2030. A tram service using bus network with 52 lines; its new infrastructure between tramlines, 10 and 12, are part the existing stop at Radiostudio of the city network and are and Holzerhurd in Affoltern is contracted for operation by VBZ. expected to start by late 2025. ABOVE: Overlooked by the Uetliberg, 2080+2027 turn in the village-like setting Mainly of value for intermediate The current line 32 trolleybus will of Albisgütli terminus. journeys, using line 10 between be cut back to Bucheggplatz. the airport and Zürich HB takes A similar situation of demand 35 minutes, three times longer outstripping the capability of than SBB trains. Introduced bus services has occurred before. in 2010, line 12 is unlike most A shift from manufacturing others in that it does not get near to services and more intensive Zürich’s centre, being a link from residential use had driven the the airport via north-eastern Zürich West project. This led to suburbs that connects with VBZ line 4’s re-routing onto a 3km line 7 directly above Bahnhof (1.9-mile), seven-stop extension Stettbach, an S-Bahn station. from Escher-Wyss-Platz to VBG was a latecomer to the Bahnhof Altstetten in December system and thereby had to 2011 that serves an area where overcome a number of obstacles. population was expected to more Creating a dedicated route than double in the 20 years up involved long stretches of to 2025. Zürich West was also elevated track, as exemplified part of Bahnhof Altstetten’s on the airport approach and development as a major ABOVE: Next to Zürich Wiedikon station, Kalkbreite depot is near the city centre. between Bahnhof Wallisellen interchange to disperse demand.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org november 2018 / 427 Zürich

Killwangen

SEE ZÜRICH TRAMWAY MAP ON PAGE 424

Dietikon Frankental 13

Limmat

Werdhölzli Schlieren 17 0 1 2

Kilometres Farbhof 2 Alstetten

Further increasing network LRT in the Limmattal valley ABOVE: The Expected end-to-end travel time is 37 connectivity in this area, 700 The formal ground-breaking for the route of the minutes. Within the project’s second metres of new tram route for ’s first phase of the Limmattalbahn under-construction phase, the most important interchange Limmattalbahn, extension opened on Hardbrücke project (www.limmattalbahn.ch) was at on the route is at Dietikon station. due for completion on 10 December 2017. A vital part of Schlieren in August 2017. in 2022 (some stop An indicator of the ’s the road system, this bridge spans The new light rail line will be located names omitted for transport significance, this was to have the rail approaches to Zürich HB and for about 75% of its length in Zürich clarity). been the western end of the 1970s the great width of these tracks had canton, which is meeting around half metro development. As S17, the 18.8km effectively split the western side of the of the CHF755m (EUR670m) project (11.8-mile) metre-gauge Bremgarten- tram system for many years. The one cost. The 13.4km (8.4 miles) of metre- Dietikon railway has its northern new stop was for access to Hardbrücke gauge route, 90% segregated, is between terminus adjoining the station. S-Bahn station. Zürich-Altstetten and - In May 2016, that line’s operator, Coupled with the nearby stations and is designed BDWM Transport AG, was announced connection to the Zürich West line at as a higher speed service. In contrast as the initial ten-year operator for Schiffbau, the Hardbrücke installation to the shadowing S-Bahn, a string of Limmattalbahn services, with its bid enabled more direct travel and communities along the valley will get favoured over those by SZU and VBZ. reduced the loadings via heavily-used a more locally-focused service from the BDWM has since merged with another city centre tracks. 27 stops due for completion in late 2022. local railway, WSB, as Aargau Verkehr. To date, only Stadler has submitted BELOW: Originally a funicular, the a bid to supply the bi-directional privately owned Dolderbahn rack railway Limmattalbahn stock, specified at 45m essential facts operated by VBZ is in the ZVV network. The lower terminus, Römerhof, has tram services. maximum length. The dual-voltage Local travel: Bought from machines, the following tickets show stock is be to procured in a joint zone and time validity: Short trip – two route kilometres from tender with Baselland Transport (BLT) a given stop – cost CHF2.70 (EUR2.40); 60-minute tickets cost for its Waldenburgerbahn service. CHF4.40 (EUR3.90) with a 10% reduction if buying six such BLT requires ten vehicles, with eight tickets. Zone 110 (for Zürich city) counts as two zones for 24-hour destined for the Limmattalbahn for ticket purposes, costing CHF8.80 (EUR7.80 with six for CHF47.60/ EUR42.20). These need validation once-only before boarding. delivery in September 2019. Aargau The 24-hour (CHF27/EUR24) or 72-hour (CHF53/EUR47) Zürich Verkehr holds an option for up to Card may prove economical if visiting locations beyond zone 110 eight further vehicles. such as Zürich Airport, the GVB lines and a short section of the Although a referendum indirectly BDWM in Dietikon. This also covers entry to the Tram Museum bolstered Zürich’s tramway when (www.tram-museum.ch) – next to line 11 Burgwies stop – and the metro scheme was cancelled, reductions on other attractions; limited ferry validity. Used by that process can also impede the many visitors to Switzerland, the Swiss Travel Pass (3-15 day spread of light rail. If opposition to options, see www.swiss-pass.ch) includes all city public transport. the Rosengarten road tunnels in What is there to see? Tourist Information is available at the the north-west succeeds, this would airport and at Zurich HB, located in the former trainshed. preclude the tramway taking over Often used for displays and entertainments, this space was freed-up road-space. That would vacated when traffic levels necessitated relocation of platforms. further improve public transport on ‘ShopVille’ outlets spread around the warren-like multi-level the north-to-west axis by adding a Zurich HB are not subject to the strict trading hours laws. tram route via Hardbrücke between The Altstadt has the most picturesque and lively surroundings. Albisrieder Platz and Milchbuck. Near Bürkliplatz tramstop is the main lake ferry terminus for trips of varying length, and the FIFA World Football Museum is

located opposite Enge Bahnhof main entrance. In good weather, For aspects of Zürich’s illustrious Uetliberg Bahn and Dolderbahn offer panoramic views. tram history and heritage collection, see TAUT 956.

428 / november 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Advertorial Energising the Limmattalbahn

he Limmattalbahn is a As the Limmittalbahn serves urban areas revolutionary transport project served by different regional governments, linking Switzerland’s Limmattal the planning and design requirements were Valley to Basel. With the unusually complex and a key consideration Limmattal area attracting the has been to minimise environmental impact highestT economic growth in the Zürich through noise, vibration and visual aesthetics. region, the existing transport infrastructure Electrification design therefore became a has reached capacity, requiring a truly critical element. Furrer+Frey had a clear vision: multi-modal solution to both link existing aesthetically pleasing, seamless integration transport and facilitate further growth. with the surroundings, as well as being the The project was conceived in 2010 with concept of the future of the Limmattalbahn. formal approval given in 2014, allowing the To achieve this and meet the project wanted to ensure that this ground-breaking tender process and design to commence. expectations, Furrer+Frey worked closely engagement is incorporated into the On 28 August 2017, a ground-breaking with architects, planners, local government electrification design of the project as well. ceremony was held and works have achieved and stakeholders to ensure the electrification Significant co-operation with route substantial progress since with system was seen by all as a success. architects allowed the OLE systems to be structures installed in July 2018. Through collaboration, early engagement integrated with stations and buildings Furrer+Frey was selected to design and and a significant effort to streamline along the route, minimising intrusion and build the electrification system for the communication, the best solutions were continuing the sleek, modern aesthetic. Limmattalbahn. With over 90 years of developed and any residents’ concerns Support on span wires from adjacent international experience in providing light were addressed before detailed design and buildings in densely built-up areas reduces rail electrification solutions, Furrer+Frey also construction began. Regular open days saw the need for new structures. Furrer+Frey also has a significant depth of expertise in city public access to work sites to see progress and made substantial efforts to create equipment centres and areas of aesthetic significance, a get updates – really valuing the community that is small, simple and as light as possible, key prerequisite for this project. and showing that their opinion matters. minimising or removing overhead clutter. Much of the 13.4km (8.3-mile) route, Furrer+Frey created a mock-up full-size With construction now underway and set with 27 new stops, travels through pretty example of overhead equipment structures to continue through 2019, Limmattalbahn suburban communities, and will offer and invited planners, local civil groups, will soon be another success story for Zürich, S-Bahn, bus and air links and notably transport user groups and even residents a city with one of the highest levels of transit encourage active transport choices such as to come and see it. Through this tangible ridership in the world and one that has walking and cycling. community involvement, Furrer+Frey pioneered public transport for decades. Worldwide Review

AUSTRALIA MELBOURNE. A further ten E-class trams have been ordered from Bombardier for AUD83m (EUR51m), which will bring the total fleet to 90. NEWCASTLE. The first of six CAF five-section 100% low-floor Urbos trams (51-56) were delivered by ship on 8 September, with test running due to start in October. SYDNEY. The firstWaratah series 2 eight-car commuter rail sets built in China by CRRC entered service on 7 September. Railway Digest

AUSTRIA WIEN (Vienna). It was hoped that new type D Bombardier Flexity trams 301/2 would enter passenger service on line 67 in October or November. The last of the original 1979 The opening tram on Antwerpen line 70 on 15 September was PCC 7117. De Lijn U-Bahn sets was removed from service in the summer an electrical substation. Studies re-open in late October, by which CROATIA (2062+3062). EB from operator DF Metro suggest time all overhead on the system ZAGREB. The 3.4km (2.1-mile) that the two new stations will east of Bathurst St will be section of tramway between Sopot BELGIUM generate an additional 9800 daily pantograph compatible. Cars and Savski Most was closed for ANTWERPEN. Line 70 opened trips on the network. 4501-2 were delivered on 27-29 several months from 6 August due as planned on 15 September, A winning bidder is to be chosen September. D. Drum to highway infrastructure work. using five PCCs. T-2000 in January 2019, with works WATERLOO – KITCHENER. TR BRUSSEL/BRUXELLES. From taking up to 30 months. IRJ The first two LRVs fitted with all 29 September tramline 94 was SÃO PAULO. Metro was equipment necessary for passenger CZECH REPUBLIC renumbered 8 and extended from extended by 1.5km (0.9 miles) east operation (511/12), including BRNO. The only bidder for the Woluwelaan (Trammuseum) to from Moema to AACD-Servidor control interfaces, were shipped contract for 41 tram kits for Roodebeek. The previous day saw on 31 August, followed on 28 from the Bombardier plant at assembly in the Brno workshops a free shuttle service along the September by the 2.8km (1.7- Kingston in September; 501 has was Krnovské Opravny a Strojírny, extension. Bombardier Flexity mile) western extension to give been returned to be incorporated part of the Pragoimex Group. 3125 was given a special livery interchange with line 1 at Santa into this programme, while The contract price is CZK1.085bn to mark the renumbering and Cruz. urbanrail.net other cars will be upgraded on (EUR42.2m). extension. site (while also being used for Delivery of the EVO2 100% At the other end of line 8, track CANADA driver training). low-floor cars will be completed renewal means trams are cut back OTTAWA. The new 12.5km It is still hoped to start passenger in 2025. A. Prescott from Boitsfort to Boondael Gare (7.8-mile) Confederation LRT service in December, possibly MOST. The only bidder for an until 12 December (four weeks line will not be ready to carry around the time of the Christkindl order for three low-floor articulated longer than planned). passengers this year, with Market on 7 December. D. Drum trams was the Alliance TW Team CHARLEROI. TEC has confirmed contractor Rideau Transit Group consortium (Pragoimex/KOS that the system’s 45 high-floor set to miss the November deadline CHILE Krnov/VKV) which will supply its BN trams from the 1980s are to for handing over the completed SANTIAGO. The first of 35 EVO2 design in 2020. BS receive heavy refurbishment by infrastructure to OC Transpo. Alstom seven-car rubber-tyred OLOMOUC. The first 15mEVO1 Alstom over five years at a cost A new date has still to be metro trains entered service on bogie tram was delivered on of EUR22m. The first should be announced, but is expected to be lines 3 and 5 on 13 September. 14 September. A. Prescott finished in September 2019. in the first quarter of 2019. CBC Bodyshells are built in Brazil. RGI OSTR AVA. After buying 30 trams Charleroi.be TORONTO. Metrolinx and the from Stadler, city operator DPO GENT. PCC 6220 was transferred construction consortium building CHINA has now approved a CZK1.9bn to Antwerpen at the end of the Eglinton Crosstown light rail CHENGDU. The automated (EUR73.9) contract with Škoda August. T-2000 line have reached a settlement that battery-powered suspended Transportation for 40 two- OOSTENDE. The Antwerpen should keep the line on schedule monorail (11.3km/seven miles section 26.5m 100% low-floor Hermelijn tram retained on the and on budget. September 2021 from Dayi to Anrem) started ForCity trams for delivery from coast for the winter is 7269. All is the opening date. passenger trials on 21 July. BS September 2020. A further tender other trams of this type were Preserved PCC 4549 was used to . Alstom has been for additional 32m trams is returned to Antwerpen and Gent operate public trips to mark the awarded a EUR58m contract to planned. traminfo.pl by 10 September. T-2000 80th anniversary of PCC operation supply the electrical equipment PLZEŇ. Škoda was the only on 23 September. With the arrival for 324 metro cars that will be bidder for 22 low-floor trams, BRAZIL of Bombardier Flexity 4500 in used on line 15 from 2020. RGI offering ForCity Smart cars at a cost BRASILIA. Tenders to build mid-September, the two PCCs SUZHOU. A 41.3km (25.7-mile) of CZK1.1bn (EUR42.8m). Work a 3.7km (2.3-mile) southern were renumbered as 4600 and underground metro line is to has started on the line 4 extension extension of the Orange metro 4649. Flexity 4400 has been be built by 2024 linking the from Bory to the University of line were launched on 20 returned for weld repairs; 4471/8 eastern terminus of at West Bohemia. A. Prescott September. The BRL123m will follow for water damage. Weiting with the western terminus (EUR75.3m) project includes St Clair West loop closed on 28 of line 11 at ECUADOR two new stations (Quadra 111 September to permit overhead Huaqiao. The estimated cost of CUENCA. Further to last month’s and Quadra 117) with three new replacement for pantograph line is CNY27.4bn (EUR3.12bn). news, Metrotenerife is to supply viaducts, a tunnel section and operation. It was expected to RGI technical assistance to support

430 / NOVEMBER 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org the pre-commercial phase and to supply 14 (with an option for the first three years of operations an additional ten) 42m trams of the Cuatro Ríos tramway. with delivery starting in late 2020. Ecuador’s first tramway is due It is understood the Tramlink to open in March 2019 and will cars will come from the company’s cover 20.4km (12.7 miles) of track Valencia plant with finishing and 27 stations, using 14 Alstom work completed in Berlin. Citadis 302 trams. The new trams will replace the The USD3.5m consultancy 1994-98 MGT6 Duewag cars. contract has a duration of three Tatra KT4D 401 was moved to years and seven months and will the Eisenbahnmuseum Weimar require the permanent transfer of earlier this year. BS technical and management staff ESSEN. An open day at from Metrotenerife in order to Schweriner Strasse workshops on transfer operational and 22 September marked 125 years maintenance knowledge. of tramway operation, with a QUITO. The first of 18 six-car rolling stock display including CAF metro trains for line 1 was ex- car delivered on 6 September. The 5234. DS 22.5km (14-mile) line from FRANKFURT-AM-MAIN. Fifty Quitumbe to El Labrador is due to years of Stadtbahn operation open in December 2019. IRJ were marked on 4 October by a specially-decorated set ( FRANCE 625+675) carrying invited guests. Luas 5028 with its pantograph entangled following damage to the overhead LYON. SYTRAL has signed a VGF is starting a pilot project lines in Dublin caused by Storm Ali on 19 September. M. R. Taplin contract with Alstom for 11 to deliver parcels using trams seven-section 43m 100% low-floor that are not needed at off-peak to build and equip metro line 4 damaging overhead. The service trams for use on line T4. The times, in association with logistics (13km/eight miles). Respective had to be restricted to two framework contract includes company Hermes. Final delivery rolling stock providers (20 trains) sections – Balally to Brides Glen options for further deliveries. will be by electric tricycle. BS would be Siemens, Alstom or and Dawson to Broombridge. Although the trams will be GOTHA. Tram service to Hitachi Rail Italy. IRJ Full service was not reintroduced similar to the existing fleet, the Gotha Hbf resumed from 1 until 21 September. front styling will be modified October (lines 1, 2 and 4). ITALY from Lyon’s unique ‘dolphin’ All six ex-Basel BLT trams GENOVA. The Autostrada bridge ISLE OF MAN nose to conform to new visibility (204/6/21-3/52 were in the depot collapse on 14 August caused DOUGLAS. Reconstruction of guidelines; the trams are also by early September, where work significant disruption to travel Douglas Promenade began in designed to be 98% recyclable. will take place to bring them patterns. The Brin – Brognole September with the removal of Delivery will start in late 2019 into compliance with German light rail line saw an increased raised garden areas on Harris and bring the fleet to 103 cars. IRJ regulations. Passenger service is service operating 05.00-21.39, Promenade and street furniture RENNES. Siemens is delivering unlikely this year. DS plus a Sunday-Thursday all-night in a number of locations. 25 two-section rubber-tyred HAMBURG. U-Bahn line U4 is service 21.30-05.00 every ten The horse tram service has not Cityval cars for metro line B, due to to be extended to Elbbrücken on minutes from Brin to Dinegro, yet been affected but is likely to open in 2020. 9 December, offering interchange and on Friday-Saturday from Brin be during 2019, subject to a The new cars represent the most with the adjacent S-Bahn station to Brignole. TR detailed construction programme fundamental re-imagining of when it is completed in 2019. MESSINA. The mayor has which has yet to be finalised. the VAL concept since the first line MÜLHEIM/Ruhr. T h e announced that he wishes to MANX ELECTRIC RAILWAY. was opened in Lille in 1983, with Thyssenbrücke between Mülheim close the city’s tramline by June A more modest scheme for a larger windows, wider doors and and Oberhausen was closed for 2019, citing large losses and Ramsey transport hub than that a walk-through gangway. RGI replacement from 14 September, poor patronage (about 10 000 which was turned down in 2015 with trams replaced by buses on passengers/day). The 7.7km is being drawn up for consultation. GERMANY a diverted route. DS (4.8-mile) north – south line It is to incorporate the MER AACHEN. Air quality issues NAUMBURG. The short opened in April 2003 and is terminus and a bus station. have persuaded city politicians extension back to the railway worked by 15 Fiat Cityway trams. A week of festivities was held in to re-examine tram-train plans station forecourt was opened on The current mayor was elected in September to commemorate the that were scrapped five years ago 14 September. DS the June 2018 ballot. RGI MER’s 125th anniversary. Events after an unfavourable referendum. NORDHAUSEN. F r o m MILANO. The 1.7km (1.05-mile) included the operation of horse Battery traction would enable 1 October to 11 November southern extension of tramline tram 1 at Laxey as part of a line up LRVs to use city streets without is replaced by a line 3 (Parkallee – 15 to Rozzano, via Guido Rossa, of three trams numbered 1. Also catenary. Aachener Zeitung Südharzklinikum) due to work on was opened on 8 September. RGI featured was the return to service AUGSBURG. To mark 120 years the track at August-Bebel-Platz. DS of 1898-built ‘Ratchet’ car 14 of tramway operation a display of RUHRBAHN. E s s e n 1979 INDIA which has received a three-year both heritage and modern trams Stadtbahn-M cars 1105/6/9/10/12 HYDERABAD. The 17.3k m long restoration from staff and was lined up in Maximilianstrasse were sent for scrap in August. (10.7-mile) extension of the volunteers. on 30 September 12.00-15.00. DS SCHÖNEICHE. Former Helsinki elevated metro south- BRAUNSCHWEIG. Seven sets 402 made its first test run along the east to LB Nagar was opened on JAPAN of high-floor trams of series 77 tramway on 22 August. 24 September. RGI TOYAMA. Work started on and 81 remain in service on lines Former Cottbus Tatra KTNF6 20 August on the 120m link 1 and 3. They will be replaced by 172 was delivered on 2 October and IRELAND between Toyama-eki on the city the delivery of seven new Solaris has become Schöneiche 29. BS DUBLIN. Storm Ali hit Dublin tramway and Toyama-eki-kita on Tramino trams in 2019-20. BS ULM. Siemens Avenio-M 56 was on 19 September causing the Iwasehama light rail line. BS DÜSSELDORF. Modernised exhibited at Berlin’s InnoTrans disruption on the . GT8 tram 3222 has been exhibition before delivery to SWU. Northbound tram 5028 had NETHERLANDS scrapped after being damaged its pantograph caught in the AMSTERDAM. The expected in an accident. BS GREECE overhead close to Charlemont fall in passengers with the ERFURT. Stadler has been ATHINA. Three consortia have and a tree was blown down on the opening of the Noord/Zuidlijn selected for a EUR56.2m contract been shortlisted for the contract tracks south of Ranelagh, metro did not happen and the

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Sankt Peterburg, and has moved await completion due to delays in production of low-floor Vityaz Catalan Government funding. trams for Moskva here from its Work on the 16km (ten-mile) works in Tver. The 71-911M and section of line 9 between Zona 71-911E prototypes exhibited at Universitaria and La Sagrera, on InnoTrans were assembled in the hold since 2011, is expected to new factory. resume in 2019 thanks to funding KOMSOMOLSK-NA-AMURE. from the European Investment All tramway operation was Bank. Staged opening should suspended from 1 October due to begin from 2023. the state of the tracks in Prospekt When completed the line will Mira, which lead to the depot. be 47.8km (29.7 miles), carrying The fleet is now down to ten over 100m passengers/year. operating KTM-5 trams on routes R. Felski 1 and 3, and there are suggestions that the closure may lead to SWITZERLAND the abandonment of tramway AIGLE (TPC). The former AOMC operation for good. transphoto.ru Be4/4 101 and Bt 132/4 have been The first Citadis delvieries to the new tramway in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, began in KONOTOP. Tram operation sent to Rasinari, near Sibiu in September. J. Huang was reinstated on 22 September Romania, to join ex-BLT 4/4 8 revised tramway network was a kit of parts, were assembled and after a break in operation since on the surviving section of the immediately overloaded, entered passenger service in late 7 June caused by the undertaking’s Sibiu – Rasinari tramway. EA especially lines 19 and 24 with September. traminfo.pl financial circumstances. BASEL. The section of tramway the small 12G trams 817-41. WARSZAWA. The tender for 123 transphoto.ru between Messeplatz and Eglisee DEN HAAG. With more first- low-floor trams was launched for SANKT PETERBURG. With was closed from 10 September series GTL trams sent for scrap, the third time on 14 September. the prototype Metelitsa tram now to 21 October, affecting lines 1, just 29 remain with 23 available there is an option for a further 90 under test (and the expanding 2 and 6. for passenger service: 3001 cars. The initial order would be ‘private’ network taking delivery BERN – SOLOTHURN (RBS). (stored at Scheveningen), for a fleet of 85 33m double-ended of this type), Stadler has proposed Preserved cars Bre4/4 1 and 3009/11/24/44 (‘brine’ trams, 18 33m single-ended trams to the city that it build a tram CFe4/4 11 have been internally cars), 3035 (Hoftrammm), and 24 24m single-ended trams. assembly plant, in return for orders renumbered 1001 and 1011 3045/50/2/7/60/5/70-4/7/80/3/ Delivery is required by October for more trams of this type. RGI to avoid a clash with the new 6/8-90/2/3/5/8 and 3100. 2022. Be4/10 ‘Worbla’ 1-10. Bre4/4 1001 From 19 September 3089/95 An initial 2017 tender was SINGAPORE is being scrapped. EA and 3100 were moved to abandoned because the cheapest MASS TRANSIT. Bi-directional GENÈVE. The 2.1km (1.3- Zichtenburg depot to operate offer, by Škoda, exceeded the service started on the Punggol mile) international extension of short-workings on line 2 budget. A second attempt in 2018 West Loop light line tramline 12 from Moillesulaz to (Kraayenstein – Laan van NOI). OR apparently showed Hyundai on 7 September. IRJ Annemasse Parc Montessuit will UTRECHT. On the night of Rotem as preferred bidder, but was open in November 2019. A further 30-31 July the first CAF tram cancelled due to doubts over the SOUTH KOREA 1.2km (0.75 miles) to Lycée des was towed by Unimog from specification. IRJ BUSAN. A contract for 48 Glieres will be built in 2020-22. Nieuwegein depot across the city metro trains worth KRW55.6m The 2.3km (1.4-mile) tramway to the new Uithof line, where PORTUGAL (EUR42.8m) has been awarded extension of line 14 from tests on the electrified section LISBOA. On 26 September a to Hyundai Rotem. The Brenex P+R to Vailly is due to be could take place. BS tender was issued for the air-conditioned fleet will be completed by December 2021. EA refurbishment of metro rolling delivered to line 1 in 2019-20. RGI ZÜRICH – KILLWANGEN. A NORWAY stock, signalling and security INDUSTRY. Hyundai Rotem has referendum forced by opponents OSLO. The section of tramway systems. EUR210m is being revealed a new bogie design which of the second phase of the from Storo to Kjelsas (lines 11 and made available by the Portuguese it claims can cope with curve radii Limmattalbahn project on 23 12) was closed from September Government to help finance the as tight as 15m, while also reducing September was defeated, with for a 14-month reconstruction work. track forces by more than 30% and 83% voting in support of period; bus replacement is reducing curving noise by 3dB. continuing the project. Meanwhile provided. BS ROMANIA The technology was developed plans are being developed for TRONDHEIM. With record CLUJ-NAPOCA. The only bidder following a five-year research a third stage from Killwangen numbers of cruise ship passengers for a contract for 22 low-floor programme between the to Baden via Neuenhof and taking a tram ride, Gråkallbanen trams was Astra Vagoane Calatori, manufactuer, the Korea Railroad Wettingen. A. Moglestue bogie trailer 55 has been restored which will supply its Imperio Research Institute (KRRI), the to passenger-carrying condition to design in 2023. BS Korean Agency for Infrastructure TAIWAN operate with motor tram 7. BS Technology Advancement and the KAOHSIUNG. The first of RUSSIA Ministry of Land, Infrastructure 15 arrived at the POLAND ANGARSK. After threats that and Transport. port of Keelung on 2 September KRAKÓW. It is confirmed that all tramway operation would The company says it is looking and were delivered to the city the the order with Solaris is for 50 cease on 15 September due to at ten locations across the country following day. Tramino low-floor cars, which will outstanding electricity bills, route to trial the technology as well as be built in Polish factories. Solaris 10 was closed on 20 September. being open to discussions from TURKEY Tram is a joint venture between Passenger traffic on the network operators internationally. IRJ ESKIŞEHIR. Tram 36, the first Stadler Polska and Solaris Bus & has decreased tenfold in recent of 14 Škoda ForCity cars, entered Coach, and is not affected by the years, according to operator SPAIN service on 17 September. The CAF purchase of Solaris. traminfo.pl MUP Angarsk Director Evgeny BARCELONA. T he 4. 5k m metre-gauge five-section 100% POZNAŃ. The first newModerus Bazhenov, with traffic on route (2.8-mile) southern section of low-floor cars are 30.1m long and Gamma 100% low-floor tram from 10 being replaced by buses. automated metro line 10 was 2.3m wide and roof-mounted Modertrans was due for delivery transphoto.ru opened on 8 September from li-ti batteries permit catenary-free in October. traminfo.pl INDUSTRY. PK Transportnye Collbanc Foc. The service shares operation. RGI SZCZECIN. Two new Moderus Systemy has taken over and line 9 tracks between Collbanc and İZMIR. The European Bank for Beta trams (603-4), delivered to completed what was planned to Can Tries Gornal. Intermediate Reconstruction & Development the undertaking’s workshops as be a new Alstom tram factory in stations outside the city boundary has provided a EUR80m loan

432 / NOVEMBER 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org to finance the 7.2km (4.5-mile) GREATER MANCHESTER. metro extension from Fahrettin to Beams for a bridge over the Narlidere, due to open in 2020. RGI Bridgewater Canal on the Trafford İZMIT. Kocaeli Metropolitan Park extension were installed Mayor İbrahim Karaosmanoğlu in early September, using two announced the approval of three 500-tonne cranes. This will allow tramway extensions on 3 October: construction of a deck by the a 1km (0.6-mile) western extension end of the year, with track being from Plajyolu to Kuruçeşme; a laid early next year. 3.5km (2.2-mile) eastern route Further improvements to from Yahya Kaptan to Alikahya provide additional capacity for stadium; and a further 3.5km events at the two Old Trafford (2.2-mile) route from Bekirdere to stadiums will involve a signalling Şehir Hastanesi. IRJ upgrade between Old Trafford and Trafford Bar to be carried out in UKRAINE the next few months. LVIV. The recent delivery of 30 A service improvement to ex-Berlin Tatra KT4D will be potentially provide a six-minute fitted with metre-gauge bogies through to Ashton- from existing Lviv KT4SU before under-Lyne until early evening The first new Škoda tram for the Turkish metre-gauge system at Eskişehir. Škoda entering service. The trams cost was tested on two separate days envelope for the 52 new four-car Supertram beyond 2024, with new a reported EUR800 000, less than in September when the trains to enter service in 2020. trams replacing the original fleet, the cost of one new Elektron tram. MediaCityUK to Etihad Campus NOTTINGHAM. An update on which will be life expired by the The first six have become Lviv service was extended to Ashton. progress with the GBP200 000 mid-2020s. Feedback from the 1188-93. BS This should allow introduction of (EUR228 000) feasibility study consultation will form part of a ODESA. Car 4016, the first of six a combined six-minute headway on extending the tramway was business case to be submitted to Odyssey bogie trams, was unveiled from Harbour City to Ashton. given to the Greater Nottingham the Department for Transport. on 4 September. Designed by LONDON (UNDERGROUND). Light Rapid Transit Advisory STOKE-ON-TRENT. The city has Pragoimex and built locally by Excavation of four new Committee in September. It drawn up proposals for a tramway Vagonoremontni Maisterni, the passageways at Kennington appears the most likely extension link between the city centre, the new tram uses frames, bogies finished on schedule in September would be from Clifton South main railway station and Etruria and electrical equipment from a as part of the Northern Line to serve new housing off the valley as part of its bid for a Tatra T3. transphoto.ru Extension works. The route from A453 road at Fairham Pastures, share of the UK Government’s ZAPOROZHYE. Five of the Kennington to Battersea Power Ruddington. GBP840m (EUR956m) 12 Tatra KT4D purchased from Station via Nine Elms is expected An extension to Toton would be Transforming Cities fund. Berlin had been delivered by to be completed in 2020. Track is dependent on the progress of the The council has identified the the end of August and have been being laid in both tunnels and work rail project, while proposals alongside alternative fitted with regauged 1524mm on the new stations at Battersea the proposed extension of the plans for automated pods or Bus bogies. They entered service on and Nine Elms is underway. Phoenix Park line to Kimberley Rapid Transit solutions as a way to 29 September. BS Transport for London (TfL) has is unlikely to be realised in the cut congestion, improve published its response to issues short- to medium-term due to connectivity and improve air UNITED ARAB EMIRATES raised during last year's lack of support from Broxtowe quality. Further plans include the DUBAI. The first of 50 metro consultation on extension of the Council. Any proposal for a line study of light rail services from trains being built by Alstom Bakerloo line beyond Elephant to Gedling would require support Stoke to Stockton Brook – along to serve the 15km (9.3-mile) & Castle. The consultation asked from Gedling Council, though the disused Leekbrook line – and Expo 2020 branch, and boost for feedback on proposals for routing would be difficult. on the Derby line to Blythe Bridge. capacity on the Red line, was to stations at Elephant & Castle, New SOUTH WALES. On 4 October, WEST MIDLANDS. A further be delivered in early November. Cross Gate, Lewisham and two the Welsh Government confirmed phase of the extension of West IRJ entirely new stations along the Old GBP119m (EUR135.5m) in EU Midlands Metro from Grand Kent Road. Updated plans now funding for infrastructure works Central to Centenary Square UNITED KINGDOM bring forward the completion date on the South Wales network. began in early September with BLACKPOOL. Construction of the extension by two years to The KeolisAmey joint venture the closure of Paradise Circus to of the extension along Talbot 2029, aligning with the timetable took over operation of the all traffic and diversion of buses Road to Blackpool North station for Bakerloo line upgrades. Wales & Borders franchise on previously routed via the Broad has been completed from the TfL marked the 50th anniversary 14 October under a 15-year deal Street entertainment area. Promenade to Abingdon Street of the Victoria line on 30 August awarded in June. As part of the works the with work proceeding to a point with displays and a handout SOUTH YORKSHIRE. South headshunt at Grand Central alongside the Wilkinson’s store, describing the line’s history. The Yorkshire Passenger Transport closed; trams will arrive and resulting in the closure of bus stops anniversary coincided with the Executive has launched a depart from the previous arrivals at this point and traffic diversions. completion of GBP900 000 consultation to determine the platform and cross over on The Illuminations period has (EUR1.02m) of works at future of the Supertram network departure from the stop. This will brought an improved evening Blackhorse Road, designed to that runs until 5 November. apply until next summer to allow timetable with the intermediate improve the ambience of the rear Three options have been put the tracks in Stephenson Street service extended from Little entrance and ticket hall area. forward on how the network could to be extended along Pinfold Street Bispham to Cleveleys. The heritage MERSEYSIDE. Following a develop after Stagecoach into Victoria Square. tram service has also been press unveiling of the mock- Supertram’s operations and In Wolverhampton, work on the improved with an Illuminated up of the first new Stadler train maintenance concession expires extension to the station has been Tram Parade scheduled to be for the Merseytravel network in March 2024: Maintaining the completed in Pipers Row and works held on 25 October between in late August, it will go on system as it is through ongoing have now moved to Railway Drive. Pleasure Beach and Little Bispham. display in the Wirral and then essential repairs; Renewing and Testing has shown that a 200m EDINBURGH. The Rail Accident Lime Street in November. modernising tracks, vehicles and stretch of track in Bilston Road is Investigation Branch is to report The design has been confirmed information systems; Exploring losing electrical power. on the fatal injury of a pedestrian as ‘95% complete’, but public alternative options to Supertram. Investigations are underway to who was hit by a tram on 11 feedback can still influence The PTE believes around identify the exact location of the September on a foot crossing modifications and improvements GBP230m (EUR262m) will be problem so that remedial works between Balgreen and Saughton. if they fall within the funding needed to continue with can be undertaken.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org NOVEMBER 2018 / 433 Worldwide Review

on the Friday. Trams should run line started on 20 September, on the Sunday, although Sunday using 13 CRRC-built trains on the service will not be a feature of 13.1km (8.1-mile) line. Revenue the regular schedule. E. B. Havens service should start within six PHOENIX, AZ. The city has months. RGI voted to delay the Valley Metro Rail extension to Paradise MUSEUM NEWS Valley Mall after a study revealed BASEL (CH). A tram museum that more than 80% of the city’s is to open at Dreispitz depot in 7826km (4863 miles) of streets 2020 to co-incide with the 125th are expected to fall below the anniversary of operator BVB. ‘good’ quality level of repair in KYOTO (JP). The museum the next five years; 5193km (3227 tramway in Umekoji Park is out miles) are currently rated in of service until March due to fair, poor or very poor condition. reconstruction work. BS The cost of repairs is in excess SCHEPDAAL (BE). The re- of USD1.6bn. AZCentral opened tram museum is open The first Odyssey tram in the Ukrainian city of Odesa has underpinnings from a SAN DIEGO, CA. The first of 45 Thursdays and Sundays 13.00- Tatra with a new glassfibre body that includes a low-floor centre section. ETU new Siemens LRVs was delivered 18.00 until 31 October, and then on 1 September, and should open by appointment on the same USA MILWAUKEE, WI. Brookville enter service in December. days and times until 31 March. DALLAS. The DART Board has Equipment Corporation delivered SAN FRANCISCO, CA. The J. Rainbow approved the construction of the fifth and final tram on 7 USD2.2bn Transbay Transit the 42km (26-mile) DFW – Plano September. The line was due Center, built one block south of CONTRIBUTORS commuter rail line for USD1.1bn; to open on 2 November with a Market St, opened for bus service Worldwide news items for a USD908m federal loan is ceremony at 12.00. E. B. Havens on 12 August. In due course this inclusion should be sent to expected. Seven DMUs will be MINNEAPOLIS – ST. PAUL, MO. will become the terminus of the Michael Taplin at Flat 8, Roxan required. IRJ One bidder remains in the Caltrain rail line. Villa, 33 Landguard Manor Rd, EL PASO, TX. The fourth running to build the 23.3km On 25 September the building Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 renovated PCC, 1514, was (14.5-mile) Southwest LRT line had to evacuated, and Fremont 6EA, UK.Fax: +44 (0)1983 862810 delivered by Brookville on 25 between downtown Minneapolis Street closed, when a crack was or e-mail: [email protected] September. P. Ehrlich and Eden Prairie. Lunda/C.S. spotted in a supporting beam. UK and Ireland items are KANSAS CITY, MO. The five McCrossan has bid USD799m; Re-opening was not expected welcomed by the Home News millionth passenger was counted the only other bidder, Ames/ until late October. SF Chronicle Editor, John Symons, 17 Whitmore on the city centre tramway on Kraemer, withdrew from the SAN FRANCISCO, CA (BART). Avenue, Werrington, Stoke- 16 September, after two years and tender. The Met Council rejected Cubic Transportation Systems on-Trent, ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail six months of service. USD151m four bids in 2017, ranging from has been awarded preferred [email protected] is being sought from the FTA to USD797m to USD1.08bn. bidder status for a contract to Acknowledgements are due help finance the proposed Minneapolis Star Tribune modernise the Clipper smartcard to Aachener Zeitung, AZCentral, University extension. E. B. Havens NEW ORLEANS, LA. From fare collection system. RGI Blickpunkt Strassenbahn (BS), LOS ANGELES, CA. The Metro 30 September all-night Canal SAN FRANCISCO, CA (Muni). Canadian Broadcasting Corporation board has agreed USD400 000 St trams were extended along PCC 1061 returned from (CBC), Charleroi.be, Drehschiebe for a study of the environmental the Riverfront line to French renovation at Brookville on (DS), Eisenbahn (EB), Eisenbahn impact of alternative routes for Market. E. B. Havens 2 October, painted in Pacific Amateur (EA), Electric Railroaders’ extending the Crenshaw/LAX NEW YORK, NY. Cortlandt Electric livery. P. Ehrlich Association, International light rail line to West Hollywood. St subway station on line 1, SANTA ANA, CA. The FTA has Railway Journal (IRJ), Irish The last of the 1990 P865 LRVs destroyed in the World Trade confirmed a grant of USD98.95m Independent, Manchester Evening was taken out of service Center terrorist attack 17 years for the 6.6km (4.1-mile) tramline, News, Minneapolis Star Tribune, for scrapping at the end of ago, re-opened as WTC Cortlandt triggering the award of a USD220m Nottingham Evening Post, Op de Rails September; two remain at the on 8 September after being rebuilt contract to Walsh Construction (OR), Railway Digest, Railway Gazette Orange Empire Railway Museum, at a cost of USD158m. ERA Co. to build it by 2021. E. B. Havens International (RGI), San Francisco while car 100 has been saved by OKLAHOMA CITY, OK. Opening Chronicle, Stoke Sentinel, Today’s the city of Long Beach. A total of festivities for the new tramline VIETNAM Railways (TR), Tram 2000 (T-2000), 48 new Kinkisharyo P3010 cars are set for 14-16 December. A HANOI. Passenger-carrying test traminfo.pl, transphoto.ru, urbanrail. had been delivered by that time. ceremony will be held at 10.00 running on the city’s first metro net, Wolverhampton Express & Star.

Compiled by the LRTA. For a full list of the year’s events and MEETINGS & EVENTS meeting places please visit www.lrta.org

OCTOBER 2018 Saturday 27. Beeston 14.00. Models: Monday 12. Liverpool 19.45. Dr Jim Tuesday 20. London 19.00. Brian Bring your latest project. (TLRS) Ford: Rails to the North. (TLRS) Hardy: Update on the Berlin U-Bahn. Saturday 20. Oxford & Chilterns Saturday 27. Garstang 14.00. Monday 12. Thames Valley 19.30. Friday 23. Edinburgh 19.00. George 14.00. Venue: Northampton. What I did on my holidays. (TLRS) Paul Kirkup: Tramways of North Murray: Further Edinburgh trams Tel: 01865 370634 for details. (TLRS) Lancashire. (TLRS) nostalgia from the Staddon Archive. Saturday 20. Taunton 14.00. November 2018 Wednesday 14. Brighton 19.45. Friday 23. Leicester 20.00. David John Prentice: East London. (TLRS) John Buckle: Former metre-gauge Witt: Bremen and Hamburg + Chur. Thursday 25. Manchester 19.00. Saturday 3. Birmingham 14.00. tramways in Wuppertal and Belgium. (TLRS) Robert Pritchard: Tramways of the Roger Monk: Walthamstow & (TLRS) Saturday 24. Beeston 14.00. David Czech Republic and Slovakia – Pt 2. Wherever – Pt 2. (TLRS/LRTA/ERS; Saturday 17. Taunton 14.00. Hanger: Narrow-gauge railways and Friday 26. Edinburgh 19.00. John TMS invited) Andy Steel: Sicily. (TLRS) tramways. (TLRS) Hampton: Trams in and Vienna. Tuesday 6. Southampton 19.30. AGM Monday 19. Wickham 19.30. Joe Saturday 24. Garstang 14.00. Brian Friday 26. Leicester 20.00. John and members’ photos. (LRTA/SEG) Whicher: The Selsea Tramway. (TLRS) Robinson: Prague tramways. (TLRS) Lessells: British tram and light rail Saturday 10. West Midlands 14.00. Tuesday 20. Leeds 19.00. Thursday 29. Manchester 19.00. systems over the last 50 Years. (TLRS) Modelling meeting. (TLRS) Ian Dougill: UK trams. Ian Dougill: Tramways of Romania.

434 / NOVEMBER 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Letters

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Air quality: Why ‘doing nothing’ is no longer an option

The results of studies from the past month have shown, yet vehicles doesn’t tackle the Oslo Effect. To achieve the dramatic again, that roadside air quality is far worse in many parts of shift that is necessary requires a step-change in behaviour. the UK than previously forecast and we have another tacit Light rail and tramway systems offer a long-term solution. admission from the Government that action needs to be taken. Removing the combustion engine and the rubber tyre-on- The result? Further studies. Considering over a decade of asphalt that has dominated our society is key to improving evidence and delay after delay in moving forward on this key urban air quality. Given that the average gestation period of new public health issue, when is the time to actually take action? systems is around ten tears, where is the political drive to start Three years ago, the UK’s Department for Environment, these schemes now? And where is the creativity in helping local Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) identified 75 councils in authorities fund ten-, 20- and 30-year transport plans, rather England with one or more roads exceeding the EU’s 40μg/m3 than always having to go cap in hand to central Government? legal nitrogen dioxide limit – a target set for 1 January 2010. These issues go beyond the transport decision-makers in Yet 30 of these authorities will still not be compliant by 2021. Whitehall. We need to be raising this issue on a wider scale, So why is it that the full extent of our air quality challenges to ensure that those with the power to drive real change are are only now coming to light, eight years after the EU legal looking at transport’s role in creating a more prosperous limits came into force? I contend that we are choosing not to future for our towns and cities. Perhaps it is those with their address the problem as the perception is that it is too complex hands on the nation’s finances within HM Treasury who are and that, in reality, we have no plan. Political turbulence is the ones who need to be convinced. often cited as a reason for delays – but this is no excuse. Nobody has ever disputed that investment in sustainable We have a shocking lack of leadership on this issue. urban transport is going to be cheap in the short- or medium- On three occasions the UK Government has been defeated term. But given the far-reaching effects that permeate every in the High Court on its inability to effectively tackle poor air area of our communities this is no longer just a transport issue quality in towns and cities. Now 33 councils have been ordered that needs to be addressed with transport funding. to carry out feasibility studies on how to achieve compliance If we are to progress, manage growing, ageing populations, with legal limits in as timely fashion as possible. More studies! and encourage economic growth into the middle years of the Worse, the somewhat vague plans that do exist in many 21st Century then we desperately need to see more joined-up areas are still reverting to proposed policies to make existing thinking. We need to break down the silos in both local and modes cleaner rather than looking further into the future. It’s national decision-making and recognise the interconnections another sticking plaster. For example, reducing our reliance on of our decisions. There is no longer a do-nothing option. diesel combustion engines for both private cars as well as goods Name and address supplied

Curve lubrication isn’t rocket science but I am left wondering why such conditions Last May I visited Manchester for the first are allowed to persist. Curve lubrication is Obituary: time for many years, and while not quite not exactly rocket science, more a matter Charles Anthony (Tony) Bailey perfect, I found the trams generally well-run of continuous attention, and surely the and very effective in their role, including in costs of ensuring smooth running on tight It is with great regret that we report the run-up to a big football match. curves is more than amply repaid by reduced the sudden death on 18 September However I found the noise on curves maintenance costs on both wheel-sets of Tony Bailey, Managing Editor surprisingly obtrusive on occasion, the squeals and track, plus reduced future disruption of our contemporary magazine at times reminiscent of the dying embers of of services. In addition, the subjective Transit Australia. British first-generation trams; nostalgic maybe, experience of a smooth ride does much to Tony was born in Newcastle, NSW, but hardly pleasant for those living nearby. attract and keep passengers. on 18 April 1947, and later moved The spaghetti junction at Victoria Station H. C. Burford, by e-mail to Sydney, where he became heavily mentioned by David Holt (TAUT 968) was involved in the Australian Railway certainly one questionable area, though by no Battling a poor legacy Historical Society NSW, first as a means the only one. I had the impression that By way of reply to John Gilbert’s letter in the volunteer and then as its bookshop this junction area was of a semi-temporary last issue (How do we break the deadlock?, TAUT manager. nature, the result of having to cope quickly 970) I would add that, as I understand it, after He moved on to become Editor with rapid system growth. World War Two the allies rebuilt mainland of Transit Australia, turning the Due to an incorrect station announcement, Europe’s economy and infrastructure, while magazine into an attractive and co-incident with an incorrect headboard the UK simply inherited a debt with respect valuable news and commentary tool destination on the tram, I was treated to three to the USA having ‘won the war for us’. for public transport matters across transits of the curves at Media City in quick While I agree that our national and local the continent. He also set up Mercury succession. The onboard experience felt to leaders are not really fit for purpose, I would Travel, offering bookings to visit me almost as though the tram was being also argue that they weren’t dealt a good overseas points of transport interest. dragged across concrete, and corrugations on hand to start with. Coping with a disability that the track were visible to the naked eye. I can We have suffered the effects of short- confined him to a wheelchair, Tony only imagine what the noise outside was like termism for decades, the latest financial crash will be greatly missed within the – fortunately this area is not closely built-up. being a mere symptom of the bigger malaise. Australian transit community and I mentioned this and other points in I’m glad that some countries’ leaders have got beyond, and we offer our condolences a letter to the operators, and in fairness their heads screwed on. I wish ours had! to his sister Kim. MRT received a point-by-point courteous reply, Dennis Onions, by e-mail

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org NOVEMBER 2018 / 435 Classic Trams Stuttgart’s Happy Birthday Germany’s second-oldest surviving tramway, covering the large Greater Stuttgart area, reached its 150th anniversary in July – a milestone that was suitably marked. Mike Russell was there. 1

he original low-key nature of from home and away, whose attendance The road was closed in the morning to allow planned events for the 150th was rewarded with the provision of gifts, visitors to inspect the rolling stock on one of anniversary of the Stuttgart souvenirs and literature, including a new this summer’s hottest days, whilst the normal system, with no cavalcade of hardback book. A selection of stalls and Stadtbahn service was diverted and a historic cars as would be expected, model tramway layouts was laid out within substitute bus service provided. wasT surprising. Fortunately, counsel the main exhibition hall, alongside the Shortly after 12.00 the formal cavalcade prevailed, and a proper manifestation of the trams. Car 222 was also employed to provide commenced, with vehicles proceeding city’s tramway history unfolded over the circuits of the depot-connection track, with to Eugensplatz (with a brief plateau on sesquicentennial weekend. passage through one of the covered stabling the steeply-graded Alexanderstraße, the Stuttgart’s tramways have oscillated lyes and also operation on the street track steepest Stadtbahn line in Germany), where between metre- and standard-gauge. in Daimlerstraße and Mercedesstraße. the vehicles were announced to onlookers. The original horse tramway that opened on These circuits were heavily subscribed and Vehicles progressed in reverse historical 28 July 1868 was laid to standard-gauge, but 222 was in almost continuous operation. order, so examples of the modern Stadtbahn a metre-gauge horse-drawn system operated One feature of the present-day Stuttgart fleet preceded the historic tramcars, with by a separate company opened in 1886 tramway for which we should be thankful motor buses interspersed. The cavalcade (see TAUT 844). With the merger of the two is the extensive dual-gauge track, enabling included 418, currently the oldest companies as Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG historic metre-gauge cars to be operated over serviceable example, a two-axle car built by (SSB) in 1889 and later electrification came a a significant part of the present network of Maschinenfabrik Eßlingen in 1925, as well as standardisation on metre-gauge, fitting for a standard-gauge lines. Heritage operations the veteran 1904 Herbrand car 222, making a city with steep hills and tight radius curves. started many years before the metre-gauge rare sortie from its Bad Cannstatt home. In 1959, the ‘U-Straßenbahn’ concept was system was abandoned, initially from Representing the two-axle cars delivered adopted, under which the tramways would Gerlingen and then Zuffenhausen depots. in the late 1950s (Stuttgart was one of the last be relocated largely in tunnels under the city The operation was popular with locals German tramways to persist with purchase centre. A policy change in 1973 envisaged and enthusiasts alike, for the museum of this design) was 1957 Eßlingen-built car construction of a standard-gauge underground service featured a journey along the 802, hauling Fuchs trailer 1547 of 1955. U-Bahn system similar to those in München Panoramastrecke, leading from the city No Stuttgart cavalcade would be complete and Nürnberg with the replacement of most, centre at Olgaeck to the Fernsehturm without the 1959-65 GT4 bogie cars, and two if not all, tramlines by buses. In 1976 these (TV tower), high above the city in the valley pairs top and tailed the succession. Cars 401 plans were altered and an 80km (50-mile) below; affording stunning views over the city. and 471 performed the lead role, with 450 Stadtbahn light rail network was adopted Initial plans envisaged conversion of line 15 and 632 bringing up the rear. instead; its success led to an eventual increase to bus operation, but residents’ protests, long Although the cavalcade dispersed at to 130km (80 miles). This re-gauged system discussions and a press campaign resulted lunchtime, that was far from the end of with its new, wider-bodied rolling stock was in policy reversal. It was expected that the proceedings, as well-laden trips were operated to replace the venerable GT4 bogie cars – the heritage operation would have to cease with over the Panoramastrecke during the backbone of traditional tramways. Their the gauge conversion, but the City Council afternoon featuring several parade cars. final withdrawal in December 2007 was stated that the museum operation was The weekend was a superb success; as the a defining moment in the city’s tramway important and plans were reworked to retain biggest event in the club’s history, every history, and thereafter all regular operation metre-gauge tracks as part of a dual-gauge available volunteer was required. Over 10 000 has resembled a Stadtbahn network, albeit layout. Full credit is due to all involved for people visited the museum, rode on the with continued elements of street running in seizing the initiative at such a critical stage in tramcars or watched the cavalcade. acknowledgement of road-space constraints. the reconstruction programme. The massive transformation in recent Tramcar heritage operation did not get It should be no surprise, therefore, that full decades by the Stuttgart tramways remains underway until the 1968 centenary, when opportunity was taken to give visitors the a matter of debate, but one aspect is beyond car 222 of 1904 was restored and, to the chance to ride on vintage trams serving the doubt: the survival of such an extensive great surprise of the operator, stole the show. Panoramastrecke and on Saturday 28 July, network of metre-gauge tracks for use solely From there has grown a fantastic collection several departures were advertised between by historic tramcars is a tremendous credit of tramcars of many types, housed in Straßenbahn Museum and Fernsehturm. to the city council, the SSB and the local the former Bad Cannstatt depot as the The vehicles were two-axle Eßlingen-built tramway museum movement, whose Straßenbahn Museum. The premises are wooden car 276 of 1952 with Fuchs-built co-operation has ensured the survival owned by SSB, but the cars are lovingly trailer 1369 of 1950; Gartenschau car 851 of of an operational fleet of historic cars. cared for and staffed by members of the local 1939 with another Fuchs trailer (1390); and The enduring popularity of the summer tramway enthusiast society. type DoT4 ‘two-rooms-and-a-bath’ motor car operation over the Panoramastrecke is 917, rebuilt from two two-axle cars in 1965, testament to the wisdom of that decision, Remodelled museum with two-axle Fuchs trailer 1605 of 1956. and in time no doubt further examples Formerly known as Straßenbahn Welt (see from the Straßenbahn Museum collection TAUT 861, September 2009) the museum was Impressive assembly will be returned to operational condition. briefly closed for modernisation work before Sunday 29 July was arguably the bigger In the meantime, happy 150th birthday the jubilee and re-opened on 28 July under celebration, when an impressive line-up of and congratulations to all concerned. the new title, in a ceremony performed by historic and modern tramcars and buses was SSB directors, with free entry for everyone. assembled in Gerokstraße, a section relaid for With grateful acknowledgment to Sven Schäfer This shrewd move ensured great footfall continued metre-gauge heritage operation. and Jörg Zimmer.

436 / NOVEMbER 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org 1. Restoration work on unserviceable cars in the collection proceeds steadily. Eßlingen-built trailer 1255 of 1929 was retrieved from the HSM collection at Wehmingen in 1994, having served in Reutlingen after withdrawal from Stuttgart service in 1962.

2. The need to replace the cars damaged or destroyed in World War Two resulted in several replacements as short- term expedients, such as this wooden-bodied two-axle car (276) constructed by Eßlingen in 1952. It is in Daimlerstraße at the start of one of the line 23 journeys to Fernsehturm, with Fuchs trailer 1369 of 1950 in tow.

3. Stuttgart was one of the last German tramways to purchase a fleet of two-axle cars; this example was built in 1957 by Eßlingen. After serving as passenger car 815 it was converted to an overhead line inspection car (2033) and now acts as the shunter. 2 4. Car 222, built by Herbrand in 1904, is the centre of attention on 29 July prior to the procession of the cavalcade. Its bow-collector has been adapted to carry a pantograph current collection plate.

5. Fuchs-built trailer 1547 of 1955 descending Alexanderstraße in the Sunday cavalcade. It is being drawn by motor car 802; this series of cars built by Eßlingen for the SSB in 1957 were the last major flowering of the two-axle 3 4 tradition on German tramways. 6. The oldest serviceable tramcar in the museum fleet which sees regular service is 418, a double-ended version built in 1925 by Maschinenfabrik Eßlingen. On 29 July it is seen in Nordbahnhofstraße proceeding to Gerokstraße, whilst heading north is a standard-gauge Stadtbahn set led by 3363, built by Duewag in 2004-05.

7. To facilitate continued operation of metre-gauge 5 6 cars through the city centre tunnels, two-level platform arrangements have been retained. Here GT4 cars 401 and 471 arrive at Charlottenplatz on their way to the museum at Bad Cannstatt.

8. On 28 July, Gartenschau motor car 851 (one of ten built by Uerdingen for the 1939 Garden Festival) ascends the meandering Pischekstraße with Fuchs trailer 1390 of 1950 in tow.

7 8 Except where otherwise stated, all photography by Mike Russell.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org NOVEMBER 2018 / 437 Bookshop Order online from lrta.info/shop – or by post from:

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Regional Tramways: Tramways de Wallonie Années 1960 Midlands & Southern England Liège - Verviers - Charleroi Fifth in the series of richly-illustrated Author and LRTA member Christian albums of British Isles tramway systems Buisson puts his personal collection of which survived into the post-war era superb photographs of Belgian networks - excludes London which will be the at our disposal. French text. subject of a separate volume. > B5 softback, 128 pages, 150+ colour and > A4 hardback; 168 pages, 160+ pictures black & white pictures, network maps. in colour and black & white, several maps. £20.00 (UK); £25.00 (outside UK); £23.00 (UK); £31.00 (outside UK); £28.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) £37.50 (Airmail beyond Europe) LRTA Members: Deduct £2.00 from LRTA Members: Deduct £2.00 from each of the prices shown. each of the prices shown.

Geschichte der Straßenbahn in Potsdam Mit der Straßenbahn durch das Berlin Band 9: Die Linien 60, 66 und 69 This city came surprisingly late to the der 60er Jahre – list of electrically-powered tramways Covering a pair of lines in the former in Germany in 1907 and the author West Berlin and one in the East, the briefly summarises the network’s atmospheric images include the early subsequent 111-year history. operation of the iconic Gotha TDE/BDE German text. “Grossraumwagen” sets. German text. > 200 x 240mm softback; 78 pages, > 215 x 240mm hardback, landscape fully-illustrated in colour and black format; 96 pages, 100 mainly black & & white. white pictures, five maps. £20.00 (UK); £25.00 (outside UK); £23.00 (UK); £31.00 (outside UK); £28.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) £37.50 (Airmail beyond Europe). LRTA Members: Deduct £2.00 from each of the prices shown. LRTA Members: Deduct £2.00 from each of the prices shown (See our website for previous volumes still available in this series)

Stern & Hafferl-Bahnen 1976-1992 Tatra - Straßenbahnen für den Ostblock Fotozeitreisen mit Werner Hardmeier DVD - Vom T1 zum KT8D5 The amazing collection of light In 1951 the first T1 car was introduced in railways in Upper Austria which Prague based on the American PCC design. S&H operate is well-covered in this By the end of the 1990s more than 20 000 book. The varied rolling stock - much trams of 21 types had been delivered to all of it second-hand - and beautiful the countries of the former Eastern Bloc. countryside are featured. German text. > 58 minutes running time; full colour; > 200 x 240mm hardback, landscape German commentary. format; 144 pages, 132 full-page colour £20.00 (UK); £25.00 (outside UK); pictures and location map. £28.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) £32.00 (UK); £35.00 (outside UK); £38.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) LRTA Members: Deduct £2.00 from each LRTA Members: Deduct £3.00 from each of the prices shown. of the prices shown.

Met de Tram door het Pajottenland Volk’s Electric Railway Van Dender- tot Zennevallei A Visitor’s Guide Step back in time to the glory days of A delightful little book setting out the the Belgian Vicinal tram as we trundle history of Magnus Volk and his unique through the beautiful countryside to seafront railway, still going strong after the west of Brussels. Evocative images 135 years. Includes the amazing “Daddy portray calmer times for the local Long-Legs” Brighton & Rottingdean line. tramlines. Flemish text. > A5 softback; 64 pages, 80+ pictures in > A4 softback, landscape format; colour and black & white. 240 pages, 300+ colour and £5.50 (UK); £6.50 (outside UK); £8.00 black & white pictures. (Airmail beyond Europe) £23.00 (UK); £27.50 (outside UK); £1.50 (Airmail beyond Europe). LRTA Members: Deduct £1.00 from each LRTA Members: Deduct £2.00 from each of the prices shown. of the prices shown. in your next issue of

PLAYING TO ALL GLOBAL LIGHT SYSTEMS FACTFILE: FIVE SENSES RAIL AWARDS 2018 ALICANTE Our perceptions of the world depend Almost 300 guests from 12 countries... Neil Pulling discovers how completion of on the interplay of our senses – but what 17 categories... and more than 50 a once-suspended project has made light does this mean for transport operators? winners. We bring you the highlights rail around the Spanish city of Alicante a TAUT examines how some are creating from the urban rail ‘Oscars’ that celebrate much more comprehensive service for stronger emotional links with passengers. worldwide innovation and excellence. residents and visitors alike. PLUS... DECEMBER + Manx Electric Railway celebrates 125 years. Mike Russell reports. issue + The latest news and analysis, rolling stock orders, system developments, and transport policy and industry comment from On sale around the world 16th November

THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE Zürich

The core of a metropolitan area systems Zürich with a near-two million population, SWITZERLAND www.lrta.org factfileZürich has a www.tautonline.com multi-modal transport network Subscribe now! No. Zürich, and a policy of NOVEMBER 2018 N O. 971 133 Switzerland significant public transport improvements. NEW SUBWAY BREAKS COVER AT INNOTRANS Now in its 81st year, Tramways & Urban Transit is the world’s

ürich is Switzerland's station – Zürich HB – remains a central biggest city, yet local ABOVE : From reminder of public transport’s role operates the service. Regular services demand is just one factor the final Cobra in Swiss life. Nevertheless, the 2015 and timetable integration are other to have shaped a public batch, 3086 is on estimate is of around two-thirds of Bahnhofstrasse with features of the overall system. transport network which the country’s journeys being by car: Zürich HB station in Zürich Flughafen (Kloten) is the leading monthly publication dedicated solely to light and isZ amongst the world’s finest. The city planners do not assume that public the background on country’s principal airport and has is capital of Zürich canton, the most transport will automatically find favour. 3 May 2018. increasingly become a traffic generator populous in the Swiss Confederation; German-speaking Swiss (which for surface transport. Around 10km the cantons have considerable powers, include most Zürich residents) are, (6.2 miles) north of the city centre, including planning and delivery of however, the linguistic group more it joined the national rail network in local transport systems. These exist likely to be public transport users and 1980 and became tram-linked in 2008. within coverage by the SBB CFF FFS holders of travel discount cards. Zürich is a long-standing federal railway ( https://sbb.ch), for In a 2018 report, Swiss public manufacturing centre, with output which Zürich is by far the busiest hub. transport information service LITRA having shifted towards high Although railway traffic has grown Highlights from the world’s biggest mobility fair (www.litra.ch technology. Relative to former here, it has become more dispersed ) identified that at 64%, Zürich residents had the highest rates times, this is less demanding upon and less land-hungry; this is due to the Success at the Global Light Rail Awards of public transport use for work- space and more likely to favour sites addition of cross-city tunnels, increased urban rail developments. related journeys. around the urban periphery. Public use of bi-directional stock and the However local, nearly all public transport continues to develop to FTA demands Honolulu ‘rescue plan’ reduced need for sidings. Funding of transport services in Switzerland are meet shifts in demand brought by transport projects is often handled by part of what is marketed as the ‘Swiss such developments and by changing city, canton and federal sources. Five shortlisted for Tyne & Wear Metro Travel System’. From local to national land use on former manufacturing Almost surrounded by the routes of sites. Service industries now dominate

£4.60 level, albeit within zones, ticketing is tram and trolleybus lines, the main Words and pictures 11> cross-mode and irrespective of who Zürich’s economy, notably in financial by Neil Pulling. matters, and the local authority claims Zürich Stuttgart at 150 Celebrating one of 9 771460 832067 422 / november 2018 Further improving www.tautonline.com. www.lrta.org an LRT world-leader the tramway greats

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