Handbook of Herbs and Spices

Handbook of herbs and spices Edited by K. V. Peter Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Abington Hall, Abington Cambridge CB1 6AH England www.woodhead-publishing.com Published in North and South America by CRC Press LLC 2000 Corporate Blvd, NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA First published 2001, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC ß 2001, Woodhead Publishing Limited The authors have asserted their moral rights. This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors and the publishers cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials. Neither the authors nor the publishers, nor anyone else associated with this publication, shall be liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or indirectly caused or alleged to be caused by this book. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. The consent of Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from Woodhead Publishing Limited or CRC Press LLC for such copying. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Woodhead Publishing Limited ISBN 1 85573 562 8 CRC Press ISBN-0 8493-1217-5 CRC Press order number: WP1217 Cover design by The ColourStudio Project managed by Macfarlane Production Services, Markyate, Hertfordshire (email: [email protected]) Typeset by MHL Typesetting Limited, Coventry, Warwickshire Printed by TJ International, Padstow, Cornwall, England Related titles on food science and technology from Woodhead Publishing: Antioxidants in food (ISBN: 1 85573 463 X) Antioxidants are a major ingredient in food processing, both in controlling oxidation and in influencing other aspects of food quality as well as providing potential health benefits. This collection reviews antioxidant use, particularly the increasing role of natural antioxidants in food processing Functional foods (ISBN: 1 85573 503 2) Functional foods are widely predicted to become one of the biggest dietary trends of the next 25 years. The editors of this book have gathered together leading experts to provide the food industry with a single authoritative resource. This book first defines and classifies the field of functional foods, paying particular attention to the legislative aspects in both the EU and the USA. It then summarises the key work on functional foods and the prevention of disease. Finally, there is a series of chapters on the issues in developing functional foods in practice. New ingredients in food processing (ISBN: 1 85573 443 5) The food industry is now seeing a rapidly expanding primary processing industry manufacturing tailor-made ingredients (or intermediate food products) for the secondary sector. This major new text offers a comprehensive guide to the range of IFPs available, their key benefits (greater flexibility, functionality and more consistent quality) and the ways in which their manufacture can be tailored to the requirements of the food industry. Details of these books and a complete list of Woodhead’s food science, technology and nutrition titles can be obtained by: • visiting our web site at www.woodhead-publishing.com • contacting Customer Services (e-mail: [email protected]; fax: +44 (0) 1223 893694; tel.: +44 (0) 1223 891358 ext.30; address: Woodhead Publishing Limited, Abington Hall, Abington, Cambridge CB1 6AH, England) If you would like to receive information on forthcoming titles in this area, please send your address details to: Francis Dodds (address, tel. and fax as above; e-mail: [email protected]). Please confirm which subject areas you are interested in. Contributors Chapter 1 Chapter 3 Professor K. V. Peter Dr Rehka S. Singhal, Professor Pushpa R. Director of Research Kulkarni and Dr V. Rege Kerala Agricultural University University Department of Chemical P.O. K.A.U. – 680 656 Technology (UDCT) Trichur University of Mumbai Kerala Nathalal Parikh Marg India Matunga, Mumbai 400 019 India Tel: +91 487 371302 Fax: +91 487 370019 Tel: +91 22 414 5616 E-mail: [email protected]; Fax: +91 22 414 5614 [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Chapter 4 Chapter 2 Dr C. K. George Ms Maria Clay and Martin Muggeridge, Peermade Development Society Lion Foods Seasoning and Spice P. B. No. 11, Peermade-685 531 Association Indukki District 6 Catherine Street Kerala London WC2B 5JJ India England Tel: +91 486 332497, 332496, 332197 Tel: +44 (0)208 836 2460 Fax: +91 486 332096 Fax: +44 (0)208 836 0580 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] xii Contributors Chapter 5 Chapter 9 Professor Dr Mensure O¨ zgu¨ven Dr V. S. Korikanthimath Department of Field Crops Cardamom Research Centre Faculty of Agriculture Indian Institute of Spices Research University of Cukurova Appangala Adana - 01330 Madikeri- 571 201 Kodagu Dt Turkey Karnataka India Fax: +90 322 338 63 81 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +91 0827 228591 E-mail: [email protected] Chapter 6 Chapter 10 Dr Sushil Kumar Director Dr K. J. Madhusoodanan and Central Institute of Medicinal and Dr Y Saideswara Rao Aromatic Plants Indian Cardamom Research Institute Lucknow 226015 Spices Board India Myladumpara 685 553 Kerala Fax: +91 522 342666 India E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +91 0484 331429 Chapter 7 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Dr P. N. Ravindran and Dr Johny A. Kallupurackal Chapter 11 Indian Institute of Spices Research PB No 1701 Dr J. Thomas and Dr P. P. Duethi Marikunnu PO Kerala Agricultural University Calicut-673012 Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Resrach Kerala Station India PO Asamannur Ernakulam Fax: +91 495 370294 Kerala 683 549 E-mail: [email protected] India Chapter 8 E-mail: [email protected] Dr T. G. Berke and Dr S. C. Shieh Chapter 12 Associate Scientist Asian Vegetable Research and Dr N. Nurdjannah and Dr Nurliani Development Center Bermawie PO Box 42 Shanua Research Institute for Spice and Tainan 741 Medicinal Crops Taiwan Jalan Tentara Pelajar Indonesia Fax: +886 6 583 0009 E-mail: ([email protected]), Fax: +62 251 327010 [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Contributors xiii Chapter 13 Chapter 17 Professor Gholamreza Amin Dr P. A. Valsala Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Plantation Crops and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Spices PO Box 14155-6451 College of Horticulture Tehran Kerala Agricultural University Iran Vellanikkara PO Thrissur E-mail: [email protected] Kerala India Chapter 14 Fax: +91 487 370019 Dr J. Salikutty and Professor K. V. Peter E-mail: [email protected] Department of Olericulture Kerala Agricultural University Chapter 18 Vellaikkara Thrissur 680656 Dr V. K. Raju and Dr M. Reni Kerala Department of Processing Technology India College of Horticulture P.O. Kerala Agricultural University Fax: +91 487 370019 Vellanikkara E-mail: [email protected] Thrissur 680 656 Kerala Chapter 15 India Dr Rajendra Gupta Fax: +91 487 370019 Project Coordinator E-mail: [email protected] Zandu Pharmaceuticals B-1/46 Chapter 19 Paschim Bihar New Delhi 110063 Dr S. N. Potty and Dr V. Krishna Kumar India Indian Cardamom Research Institute PO Mailadumpara Chapter 16 Idukki Kerala Dr U. B. Pandey India National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation E-mail: [email protected] Post Box 61 Kanda Batata Bhavan 2954-E Chapter 20 New Bombay Agra Road Mr B. Krishnamoorthy and Dr J. Rema Nashik 422001 India Institute of Spices Research (MS) India Calicut 673 012 Fax: +91 0253 596606 Kerala E-mail: [email protected] India Fax: +91 495 370294 E-mail: [email protected] xiv Contributors Chapter 21 Chapter 24 Dr K. E. Lawande Professor Arturo Velasco-Negueruela National Research Centre for Onion and Departmento De Biologia Garlic Facultad de Biologia Rajgurunager- 410 505 Universidad Complutense Dist Pune 28040 Madrid (MS) India Spain Fax: +91 2135 24056 Tel/Fax: +34 91 394 44 14/50 34 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Chapter 25 Chapter 22 Dr Y. Saideswara Rao and Dr P. Pushpangadan and Dr S. P. Singh K. Mary Mathew National Botanical Research Institute Indian Cardamom Research Institute Lucknow-226001 Spices Board India Myladumpara 685 553 Kerala E-mail: [email protected] India Fax: +91 0484 331429 Chapter 23 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Professor Nedyalka V. Yanishlieva- Maslarova Chapter 26 Institute of Organic Chemistry Bulgarion Academy of Sciences Dr B. Sasikumar Kv Geo Milev, Acad G. Bonchev Str., Indian Institute of Spices Research Blok 9 PO Marikunnu BG-1113 Sofia Calicut 673012 Bulgaria Kerala India Tel: +359 2 7134 178 Fax: +359 2 700225 Fax: +91 495 370294 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Contents List of contributors . ........................................................ xi 1 Introduction ............................................................... 1 K. V. Peter, Kerala Agricultural University 1.1 Definitions . ........................................................ 1 1.2 The trade in spices . .............................................. 3 1.3 Spice flavours ........................................................ 4 1.4 Processing issues . .............................................. 4 1.5 The functional role of spices . ....................................... 5 1.6 The structure of this book .

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