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United States Patent (19) 11 4,248,895 Stroz Et Al

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United States Patent (19) 11 4,248,895 Stroz Et Al United States Patent (19) 11 4,248,895 Stroz et al. 45) Feb. 3, 1981 (54) DEHYDRATED HIGHER POLYALCOHOLS, (56) References Cited COMESTIBLES AND CHEWING GUM U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS CONTAINING SAME AND METHOD 3,170,801 2/1965 McNaught ........ ... 426/S48 3,372,032 3/1968 Van Tittleboo 426/658 3,897,566 7/1975 Bahosky et al. ........................, 426/3 75 Inventors: John J. Stroz, Monroe, Conn.; 3,915,736 10/1975 Oyamada ....... ... 426/548 Abraham I. Bakal, Parsippany, N.J.; 4,031,259 6/1977 Lugay ........... ... 426/548 Donald A. M. Mackay, Pleasantville, 4,154,867 5/1979 Aldrich et al. ....................... 426/658 N.Y. Primary Examiner-Jeanette M. Hunter Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Lawrence S. Levinson; (73) Assignee: Life Savers, Inc., New York, N.Y. Burton Rodney 57 ABSTRACT 21 Appl. No.: 972,121 Dehydrated higher polyalcohol compositions such as dehydrated hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, dehy drated maltitol, dehydrated maltotriatol and the like are 22) Filed: Dec. 21, 1978 provided which include a concentrated protein extract to facilitate dehydration thereof. A method for dehy 51 Int. Cl. ............................................... A23G 3/30 drating higher polyalcohols-concentrated protein ex 52) U.S.C. ........................................ 426/3; 426/658; tract compositions and comestibles and chewing gum 426/656; 426/660 containing the dehydrated product are also provided. (58) Field of Search ....................................... 426/3-6, 426/658, 548, 660, 656, 657 18 Claims, No Drawings 4,248,895 1. 2 aqueous solution, is admixed with a concentrated pro DEHYDRATED HIGHER POLYALCOHOLS, tein extract and the resulting mixture is heated at a COMESTIBLES AND CHEWING GUM sufficiently high temperature for a sufficient period to CONTAINING SAME AND METHOD effect drying of the polyalcohol to a free-flowing sub stantially non-hygroscopic powder. Current restrictions on the use of many artificial In addition, in accordance with the present invention, sweeteners, previously used in candies and chewing there is provided candy, chewing gum, other confec guns, have created problems of great concern to the tions and comestibles which contain as a sweetener confectionary industry. Major research efforts are un substantially non-hygroscopic higher polyalcohol-con derway to find non-sugar substitute sweeteners for the O centrated protein extract mixtures which have been restricted artificial sweeteners. dried as described herein. One class of compounds now under study as sugar The higher polyalcohols which are to be dried in substitutes are the polyalcohols such as hydrogenated accordance with the present invention may include starch hydrolysates such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. hydrogenated corn syrups or hydrogenated starch hy Re. 26,959 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,556,881, maltitol, isomal 15 drolysates of varying dextrose equivalents (DE), such titol, maitotriatol or combinations thereof. These mate as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 26,959 and U.S. Pat. No. rials are highly hygroscopic and are essentially non 3,556,811 as well as various hydrogenated glucose syr dehydratable by conventional methods. Many product ups and/or reconstituted powders which contain sorbi applications are dependent on the availability of a non tol, hydrogenated disaccharides, tri- to hexa hygroscopic free-flowing powder. hydrogenated saccharides, and hydrogenated higher Various techniques have been tried for drying the polysaccharides, or mixtures of any two or more of the above-mentioned polyalcohols such as conventional above. spray-drying, and freeze-drying. Spray drying tech The hydrogenated glucose syrups or hydrogenated niques are unsatisfactory because of atomizer blockage starch hydrolysates and/or powders thereof may be and formation of glassy deposits. Other more sophisti 25 produced by catalytic hydrogenation of standard glu cated drying techniques, such as freeze-drying and cose syrups (acid and/or enzyme converted) to the foam-mat drying, are uneconomical. point where all the glucose end groups of the saccha U.S. Pat. No. 3,833,413 to Gabe et al discloses a rides are reduced to alcohols, that is, dextrose to sorbi method for drying high fructose corn syrup wherein a tol. In the case of hydrogenated glucose syrups, the high protein, high water-soluble soy protein with or 30 total solids contents will range from about 72 to about without wheat starch is incorporated with a high fruc 80% which solids are made of from about 4 to about tose corn syrup to form a slurry and the slurry is subse 20% sorbitol, from about 20 to about 65% hydroge quently dehydrated as a thin film on a heated surface. nated disaccharides (that is, maltitol), from about 15 to Where the wheat starch is present, the soy protein is about 45% tri- to hepta-hydrogenated saccharides, and employed in at least a 0.5:70 ratio to the corn syrup, 35 from about 10 to about 35% hydrogenated saccharides where the wheat starch is not employed, the soy protein higher than hepta. is employed in at least a 30:70 ratio to the corn syrup. The above-described higher polyalcohols will nor Glabe et al indicate in Column 8 starting at line 17 that maily contain from about 15 to about 40% water which the other protein containing substances such as defatted may be reduced down to from about 6 to about 2% sesame seed four, cotton seed flour, gelatinized corn water in accordance with the present invention so that flour, lactalbumen, crystalline cellulose, wheat gluten, the higher polyalcohol may be obtained as a free-flow corn flour, barley flour, dried egg albumen, animal ing powder which may be employed as a sweetener for gelatin, autolyzed yeast and dried buttermilk are unsuit chewing gums and other confections and comestibles. able as substitutes for soy protein. The concentrated protein extract, which is admixed 45 with the higher polyalcohol to be dried, will comprise DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION substantially pure protein, that is, at least 90% or more It has now surprisingly been found that higher polyal protein, and will be employed in the form of a powdery cohols (that is, those having more than two hydroxyl material. These materials when in admixture with the groups), for example, hydrogenated starch hydroly polyalcohols at the concentrations called for by the sates, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. Re. 26,959 and SO present invention are practically tasteless and are non U.S. Pat. No. 3,556,881, maltitol, hydrogenated dextrins reactive with the higher polyalcohols and other sweet and the like, when subjected to the drying technique eners, colors, flavors and ingredients employed with the detailed below, wherein the higher polyalcohol is first higher polyalcohols needed to form chewing gum or mixed with a concentrated protein extract and then the other confections or comestibles. Thus, they do not mixture is spray-dried or drum-dried, a free-flowing 55 detract from the palatability or flavor of the above substantially non-hygroscopic powder is produced. The edible materials. free-flowing powdery product is suitable for use as a Examples of suitable concentrated protein extracts sweetener in candy, chewing gum, and other confec suitable for use herein include, but are not limited to egg tions and comestibles as will be seen hereinafter. albumin, soy protein isolates, oilseed proteins, such as Thus, in accordance with the present invention, there 60 sesame, peanuts, sunflavor, rapeseed, cocoanut, and is provided a substantially dehydrated, substantially cottonseed, caseinates, such as sodium casein, calcium non-hygroscopic free-flowing powder comprising a casein and casein, as well as whey proteins, such as higher polyalcohol in admixture with a concentrated lactalbumin, leaf proteins, such as alfalfa and grass and protein extract which may be employed in candies and the like. Preferred are the egg albumin or egg whites chewing gum. 65 and soy protein isolates. Further, in accordance with the present invention, The concentrated protein extracts will be employed there is provided a method for drying higher polyalco in a weight ratio to the higher polyalcohol to be dried hols wherein the higher polyalcohol, preferably, in within the range of from about 0.01:1 to about 0.2:1 and 4,248,895 3 4 preferably from about 0.04:1 to about 0.1:1. In preferred amount within the range of from about 10 to about 75%, formulations, the concentrated protein extracts will and preferably from about 10 to about 65% by weight. comprise egg whites or soy protein isolate and the poly It will be appreciated that the sugar alcohol where alcohols to be dried will comprise hydrogenated starch present may be employed in the form of a powder or hydrolysates containing from about 20 to about 60% by aqueous syrup or solution or a combination of powder weight water. In such case, the egg whites or soy pro and solution (such as sorbitol powder and sorbitol solu tein isolate will be employed in a weight ratio to the tion) in a weight ratio of powder:solution of within the hydrogenated starch hydrolysate of within the range of range of from about 6:1 to about 2:1. Use of the sugar from about 0.01:1 to about 0.2:1, and preferably from alcohol in the form of the syrup or solution increases about 0.02:1 to about 0.1:1. 10 moisture content and thus softness of the gum. The mixture of the polyalcohol and concentrated The chewing gum will include a relatively water protein extract of the invention after being dried in insoluble, water-impenetrable gum base in an amount accordance with the present invention will comprise a ranging from about 8 to about 50%, and preferably free-flowing powder containing at most about 6% wa from about 15 to 40% by weight of the chewing gum ter, and preferably less than about 3% water.
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