National Platform for Child Soldier
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NATIONAL PLATFORM FOR CHILD SOLDIER PREVENTION AND RE-INTEGRATION IN UGANDA Launch Report HOTEL AFRICANA, KAMPALA UGANDA June 13, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................... 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Mandate of the national platform .............................................................................................. 5 1.2 Goal of the Platform .................................................................................................................. 6 2.0 REMARKS BY DIFFERENT DIGNITARIES AT THE LAUNCH ........................................ 6 2.2 Remarks by Dr. Mustafa Ali – out-going Secretary General of ACRL—RfP ......................... 8 2.3 Remarks by Diane Goldin, Founder, the Goldin Institute ......................................................... 9 2. 4 Briefing on the Project by Travis Rejaman, Executive Director (GI) ...................................... 9 2. 5 Briefing on the project by Dr. Dorcas Kiplagat (ACRL-RfP) .................................................. 9 2. 6 Remarks by Hon.Florence Mutyabule , MP, Namutumba District and chairperson parliamentary forum for children .................................................................................................. 10 2. 7 Opening remarks by Sheikh Ramathan Mubaje- Mufti of Uganda ........................................ 10 3.0 PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH FINDINGS TITLED “ALONE AND FRIGHTENED: THE EXPERIENTIAL STORIES OF FORMER CHILD SOLDIERS OF NORTHERN UGANDA ON REINTEGRATION PROCESS” ............................................. 12 4.0 PERSPECTIVES ON REINTEGRATION IN UGANDA BY KEY PANELISTS ................ 14 4.1 Susan Alal, World Vision ....................................................................................................... 14 4.2 Rev. Nelson Mau Mau, South Sudan ...................................................................................... 14 4.3 Rev. Armand Kinyamba, delegate from DR Congo ................................................................ 15 4.4 Patrick Aroma (Abducted in 1997 and returned in 2004) ....................................................... 15 4.5 Okello Charles (Abducted in 1996 and returned in 1998) ....................................................... 16 4.6 Omwony Geoffrey (Abducted in 1996 and returned in 1997) ................................................ 16 4.7 Anena Lilly Grace (Abducted in 1996 and returned in 2002) ................................................. 16 4.8 Ochora Mike ............................................................................................................................ 16 5.0 BUILDING CONSENSUS ON NATIONAL PRIORITIES FOR REINTEGRATION OF FORMER CHILD SOLDIERS ............................................................................................... 17 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 17 2 LIST OF ACRONYMS ACRL—RfP : African Council of Religious Leaders — Religions for Peace AI : Arigatou International CSO : Civil Society Organization DGI : Diane Goldin Institute GOU Government of Uganda IRCU : Inter-Religious Council of Uganda LRA : Lord’s Resistance Army MP : Member of Parliament NGO : Non- Governmental Organization NRA : National Resistance Army OPM : Office of the Prime Minister 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION On June 13, 2013, the National Platform for Child Soldier Reintegration and Prevention – Uganda Chapter was launched at the Hotel Africana in Kampala. The launch event was hosted by the Interreligious Council of Uganda in collaboration with the Goldin Institute, the Arigatou Foundation and the African Council of Religious Leaders and convened over 100 former combatants, religious leaders, members of parliament, civic leaders and others engaged in reintegration efforts for children used as soldiers in Uganda. This important launch event was the culmination of two years of partnership building, grassroots engagement and research led by former combatants. The launch was one major step in the journey of building a regional platform that would involve Uganda, South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Working on a regional basis through direct service to former combatants, advocacy and public policy on issues like the proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW), this platform seeks to end the use of child soldiers in the region and reintegrate those children who have escaped the fighting. In Uganda, especially the Northern part, both the rebels and the government have used children in their war actions before and after 1986. There are a number of statutory instruments that outlaw the use of children in combat action or under age employment such as the Constitution, the children’s statute in addition to the various international conventions on children. The Constitution states that a child is entitled to basic education, which is the responsibility of the State and the child's parents. 1 http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/type,ANNUALREPORT,USDOL,UGA,48c8c9f b2d,0.html - _ftn2627 Children's Statute No. 6 of 1996 prohibits the employment of children under 18 in work that may be harmful to their health, education, or mental, physical, or moral development.2 On sexual abuse of girls, one form of exploitation of child soldiers in armed conflict, Article 125 of the Penal Code prohibits individuals from soliciting females for prostitution. Violation of this code is punishable by up to 7 years of imprisonment.3 However, these legal instruments are not enough to ensure that children are reintegrated. Through research and shared planning, this platform has identified areas where a broad range of civic and grassroots leaders can make a concrete improvement. 1 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, Article 34 (2) [hereinafter Constitution of the Republic Uganda], at http://www.government.go.ug/constitution/chapt4.htm on 8/14/01 2 Uganda's Report and Position on Child Labour at 25 3 Penal Code of Uganda, Article 125, as cited in the Protection Project Database, Country Report, Uganda, January 2001, at http://www.protectionproject.org. 4 A number of organizations have done an impressive job in addressing child soldiers’ issues in Northern Uganda. Notable among these include: Acholi Religious Leaders Peace Initiative (ARLPI); the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers 4 ; Uganda Joint Christian Council (UJCC); Uganda Action Network on Small Arms (UANSA); Gulu Save the Children Organization (GUSCO), World Vision International-Uganda and Justice, Peace and Reconciliation Project among others. Despite their various independent efforts, the weak implementation framework and general lack of coordination has hampered realization of their objectives. Each of these organizations has worked independently using its own approach leading to less impact on the ground and haphazard involvement of government and other stakeholders. The challenges above and others have contributed to a sustained situation where ex- child soldiers from Northern Uganda continue to languish in the bush among militia groups across the region and those that returned can hardly afford a meaningful livelihood. Religious leaders from Northern Uganda as recently as July 20115 indicated that there was still great potential for a recurrence of conflict due to the unresolved social ills that allow violence to fester: high poverty levels; a large number of ex-child soldiers still living on the streets of Gulu and other major centers in Northern Uganda due to rejection by community and lack of land; and a weak traditional leadership (consisting of chiefs and elders) which would otherwise resolve issues. Major indicators of potential conflict in this region include: recurrent violence within the community indicating high levels of bitterness, anger and hopelessness among people; high number of suicide cases; increased domestic violence; and over drinking especially among men. The temptation to go back to the bush becomes very high especially among children who are used to acquiring free things, by use force and the gun. It is with this in mind that ACRL and DGI in collaboration with Interreligious Council of Uganda (IRCU) have launched a platform in Uganda to address child soldiers’ problems. The Uganda Chapter will serve as a model for similar National-level Platforms will be established in DRC and South Sudan where this problem is evident. 1.1 Mandate of the national platform The mandate of the platform was defined in the national priorities that were reached by stakeholders during the launch of this platform (see national priorities in the successive pages of this report). 4 The Coalition’s International Steering Committee is comprised of seven organizations – Amnesty International, Jesuit Refugees Service, the Quaker United Nations Office-Geneva and World Vision International. 5 Religious leaders interviewed by Dr. Kiplagat-Goldin Institute’s Global Associate during the SALWs training and consultations in Gulu, Northern Uganda 5 In summary, the platform will focus on the following priorities: 1. Direct and sustained engagement of former child soldiers in all aspects of the network, from setting priorities, service in related projects and evaluation. 2. Research and documentation of child soldier related issues. 3. Advocacy for public