1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· ~ HOUSE 5523 tering the provisions of the ·Refugee Relief By Mr. BERRY: - ·By Mr. ROOSEVELT: - Act of 1953; to the Committee on the Judi H. R. 5994. A blll for the relief of Eugene H. R. 6009. A bill for the relief of Ka Tim ciary. IJcht; to the Committee on the Judiciary. · Lee, Veng Tang Wong Lee, and W1lliam Also, memorial of the Massachusetts House By Mr. BLATNIK: Cleveland Lee; to the Committee on the of Representatives favoring increase of the H. R. 5995. A bill for the relief of Kazlmlt Judiciary. bicycle-importation tariff; to the Committee Mikulin; to the Committee on the Judiciary, By Mr. ZELENKO: on Ways and Means. By Mr. BOLLING: H. R. 6010. A biU for the relief of Tzaplk By Mr. WICKERSHAM: House resolution H. R. 5996. A bill for the relief of Leon R. Bagdassarlan; to the Committee on the Ju. of ·the 25th Legislature of the State of Meyer, Luelle H. Meyer, and Leon R. Meye!' dietary. Oklahoma calling attention to drought as transferee of Meyer Jewelry Co.; to the . By Mr. ADDONIZIO: stricken areas of the State of Oklahoma and Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 6011. A bill for . the relief of Ralph requesting aid through the Federal drought By Mr. CARRIGG: emergency feed program and urging that H. R. 5997_ A b111 for the relief of Domenica Landolfi; to the Committee on the Judiciary. consideration be given by the Oklahoma Rep Scopellltl Fontana; to the Committee on the By Mr. HUDDLESTON: resentatives in Congress to legislation au Judiciary. H. Res. 229. Resolution providing for send- thorizing long-term, low interest rate loans By Mr. CRETELLA: ing the b111, H. R. 5630, and accompanying to drought-stricken farmers in Oklahoma; H. R. 5998. A bill for the relief of Hen Min papers to the United States Court of Claims; to the Committee on Agriculture. Lee; to the Committee on the Judiciary. to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, senate concurrent resolution by the H. R. 5999. A b1ll for the relief of Michael By Mr. LANE: 25th Legislature of the State of Okla~oma Reich; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. Res. 230. Resolution providing that the memorializing the Congress of the United By Mr. HOLIFIELD: - bill, H. R. 1901, and all accompanying papers States of America to cause to be minted a H. R. 6000. A blll for the relief of Yol- shall be referred to the United States Court half dollar commemorating the 50th anni chiro Aoki; to the Committee on the Judi- of Claims; to the Committee on the Judi- vez:sary of the State of Oklahoma; to the ciary. - clary. Committee on Banking and Currency. By Mr. JACKSON: Also, senate concurrent resolution by the H. R. 6001. A bill for the- relief of Tomas 25th Legislature of the State of Oklahoma Calle-Cuadrado; to the Committee on the PETITIONS, ETC. memorializing the President Of the United Judiciary. · States and his Commission on Intergovern• By Mr. KLEIN: Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions mental Relations not to approve the re H. R. 6002. A b111 for the relief of Helena and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk ported recommendations of the Committee Rapp; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and referred as follows: on Federal Aid to Agriculture relative to By Mr. LIPSCOMB: 230. By Mr. GROSS: Petition of 54 stu transfer of the function of soil conservation H. R. 6003. A blll for the relief of Robert dents at Orange Consolidated School, Black technical assistance to the various States; Jose Hunter y Montilla; to the Committee on Hawk Count~ Iowa, favoring legislation to to the Committee on Government Opera th_e Judiciary. prohibit the advertising of alcoholic bever tions. H. R. 6004. A blll for the relief of Nemeslo ages in newspapers, periodicals, etc., and over Also, house concurrent resolution of the Ramirez Moran; to the Committee on the radio and television; to the Committee on 25th Legislature of the State of Oklahoma Judiciary. Interstate and Foreign Commerce. memorializing the President and Congress H. R. 6005. A blll for the relief of Sante 231. By Mr. HESELTON: Resolutions of the of the United States relating to legislation Martinoli, Mrs. Giuditta Martlnoli, and Mau Board of Aldermen of the City of Holyoke, designed to limit imports of glass, lead, zinc, rizio Martlnoli; to the Committee on the Mass., urging the Congress of the United and oil; to the Committee on Ways and Judiciary. States to enact a Federal minimum wage of Means. By Mr. O'BRIEN of Illinois: $1.25 an hour; to the Committee on Educa H. R. 6006. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Fan tion and Labor. nie A. Dahlias; to the Committee on the Ju PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS diciary. 232. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the department secretary, Auxiliary to the Sons Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private By Mr. ROGERS of Texas: H. R. 6007. A bill for the relief of Mrs. of Union Veterans of the Civil War, Boston, bills and resolutions were introduced ¥aria Gladys (Cordona) Palmer; to the Com Mass., petitioning consideration of their reso and severally -referred as follows: mittee on the Judiciary. lution with reference to supporting House By Mr. BASS of New Hampshire: By Mr. ROONEY: Joint Resolution 53, designating November H. R. 5993. A bill for the relief of William H. R. 6008. A bill for the relief of Miss Ma 19 as the anniversary of Lincoln's Gettys Everett George Reid; t.o the Committee on ria Di Benedetto; to the Committee on the burg address; to the Committee on the Judi the Judiciary. Judiciary. ciary.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
l~rael' s Seventh Anniversary The courageous, industrious citizenry From all America and those who have of ISrael knows well the horrors of op cherished the cause of Zionism, congrat pression, toil, slavery, and mass murder. ulations and best wishes to Israel on her EXTENSION OF REMARKS For 20 centuries, they and their fore seventh birthday. OJ' fathers have been herded through the lands of Asia and Europe. The end of HON. ALBERT W. CRETELLA these privations and a forced nomadic OP CONNECTICUT existence become doubly significant on Dr. John F. Enders, of Brookline, Conbib· IN THE HouB_E OF REPRESENTATIVES this anniversary of the building of a utor to the Research Which Led to the Tuesday, May 3, 1955 homeland which shines as a symbol of freedom in the shadows of the Middle Salk Polio Vaccine Mr. CRETELLA. Mr. Speaker, .April East--a homeland raised from the sin 27 marked the seventh birthday of the ews and · the strength of these deter -EXTENSION OF REMARKS State of Israel. I off er my congratula mined people. · OF tions and warm regards to the citizens As the youngest nation in the world, of that bastion of democracy in the Mid:.. Israel has made gigantic strides in the HON. LAURENCE CURTIS dle East. development of her country. Since her OF MASSACHUSETTS Israel's display of friendship and hope birth a short 7 years ago, her popula IN THE HOUSE! OF REPRESENTATIVES for peace sets a bright example for all tion has more than doubled, as well as freedom-loving nations on earth. She her cultivated and · irrigated farmland. Tuesday, May 3, 1955 is to be commended for instilling in her She has taken her place with honor as Mr. CURTIS of Massachusetts. Mr. society full political, cultural, and reli':" the 57th member of the United Nations. Speaker, I should like to call attention gious freedom. Israel has constantly As years pass, greater things can be to the large contribution made by Dr. sought to enhance relations with the expected from the State of Israel She John F. Enders, of Brookline, Mass., to Arab nations, This declaration of peace can look forward to progressive and in the research which culminated in the ful intentions is a thorn in the side of spiring· leadership as that given by such Salk polio vaccine. the Communist tyrants who would feed great men as David Ben-Gurion, Presi Dr. Enders discovered 6 years ago a on dissension in this oil-rich land. dent Ben-Zvi, and Moshe Sharett. method of growing polio virus in test CI-34'1 5524 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE May 3 tubes. Previously, scientists had· to de Finance Committee and the House Ways ever, lt ls only a matter of time before the pend upon experimentation on live ani and Means Committee that he does not entire domestic bicycle market is lost to for mals, principally monkeys, in order to intend to follow the recommendations eign imports. Affirmative action by you, Mr. President, is imperative if the bicycle observe the effects of the p{)lio virus. of the Tariff Commission as regards industry is to survive. Faced with the problem that the live action on the appeal or he may refer the -In January 1955, in your state of the Union polio virus, only 1 millionth of an inch case back to the Commission for further message, you said: "Nothing in our trade pro in diameter, cannot be seen with the most information. When this latter situa gram will operate to injure or damage Ameri powerful microscope, Dr. Enders found tion arises-as has occurred to many can industry." that its presence, growth, or arrest could appeals in the past-the appeal gener Again, on February 17, in your special com be observed by the deterioration or lack ally dies on the vine, as it were. munication to us in Congress asking that the of it on non-nervous tissues of monkeys. On the other hand, the President may Trade Agreements Act be continued, you stated: "No American industry will be placed Thus the great work of John Enders, in follow the recommendations tendered in jeopardy by the administration of this effect, put antipolio research on a mass to him by the Tariff Commission and on measure." production basis. May 14 he will announce his action and Mr. President, in 1930 the tariff rate was For providing this formidable weapon his reasons for such action. This may 30 percent ad valorem. The present rate is as in the great battle against a dreadful be either in the form of announcing low as 7Y:z percent, and now the request is disease, Dr. Enders and 2 of his associ that tariffs will be increased to a level for even further cuts in this very low tariff. ates at Harvard Medical School received that will tend to offset the competitive The Tariff Commission has voluminous the 1954 Nobel prize for medicine. advantage enjoyed by foreign manufac statistics to show that our freer trade policy does "injury or damage" to many small A doctor of philosophy and a doctor of turers or some type of quota may be plants with thousands of workers. Certain science, a native of West Hartford, and worked out. The eventuality of a ly the American bicycle industry ls sutfer a graduate of Yale College, John Frank quota being instituted, either a flexible ing injury because of the substantial portion lin Enders is an individual of whom New or a straight percentage quota, is un of the domestic market being taken over by England and the world can be justly likely, since up to the present that type bicycles imported under our low tariffs. proud. of tariff procedure has been avoided in I am especially concerned because of the the case of manufacturers and also be acute unemployment in my district caused by the influx of foreign-made bicycles. Be cause it is a cumbersome procedure. cause of this interest, I requested our Secre Appeal by the American Bicycle Industry Should the Senate version of the Re tary of Labor, the Honorable James P. for Relief From Imports ciprocal Trade Agreements Act with its Mitchell, to conduct a special unemployment national security clause be passed, survey of the Torrington area, Connecticut. then the President will be able to set This survey was conducted and on April 4, EXTENSION OF REMARKS quotas on imports. 1955, Secretary Mitchell advised me: "The OF Mr. Speaker, since I am vitally con survey showed that a substantial labor sur cerned with the plight of the unemployed plus does exist in this area. Accordingly, we HON. JAMES T. PATTERSON are officially classifying the Torrington area in my district as well as the plight of in Group IV-A-area of substantial labor OF CONNECTICUT the small-business man who cannot meet surplus." From advices received from man IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the low prices of foreign bicycles, I wrote ufacturers and _labor unions in· my district Tuesday, May 3, 1955 a personal letter to the President on it is evident that this labor surplus has been Friday, April 29, asking that tariffs be caused largely because so many workers in Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. Speaker, un raised on imported bicycles. I insert a the bicycle industry were laid off. der the "escape clause" provision of copy of th.is letter as sent to the White I am vitally concerned because of the Tariff. Act of 1930, as amended, the House at this time. realistic approach we must exercise as re American bicycle industry appealed to gards unemployment: Our country is em CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, barking on a freer trade policy and we seem the Tariff Commission on June 1954 for HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, to adopt a strictly doctrinaire position, relief from "injury" caused by excessive Washington, D. C., April 29, 1955. namely: free trade is sound in theoretical importations. During September 1954, The PRESIDENT, economics, and· therefore, free trade should the Tariff Commission began hearings The White House, be pursued. What fr,ee traders fail to realize on the subject and interested parties Washington, D. C. is the fact that if limitless imports produce were able to present their cases to the MY DEAR MR. PREsmENT: I have been ad unemployment in our country, the uneco Commission. At that time I asked the vised by the United States Tariff Commis nomic effects would eventually result in re Commission for relief from excessive im sion that they have submitted to you their strictive tariff on the high side. ports, findings and recommendations on an ap Mr. President, the very fact that the Tariff since the bicycle manufacturers peal for relief filed by the bicycle industry Commission has not made public its findings in my district were notifying me that under the escape clause proceedings of the supports the assumption that positive "in their businesses were suffering because Tariff Act of 1930, as amended. jury" to the American bi9ycle industry has imports were supplanting their products Since the employment situation in my dis been caused by excessive imports and that in local markets and that a rising unem trict is vitally affected by the excessive im recommendations have been made for the ployment rate was inevitable. From ad portation of foreign bicycles, I wish to add alleviation of this "injury." What the Tariff vices which I have received later from my voice to those of others in the industry Commission's recommendations are, I do not manufacturers and from labor unions, asking that you give action to positive re presume to know, but my personal recom it seems as if the situation is getting lief proposals for this segment of our econ mendation would be that tariffs on bicycles progressively worse. omy. should revert to the status of July 1, 1945. In In 1930 imported bicycles averaged 1.3 per the event that. you feel this cannot be done, The Tariff Commission has now com cent of the American market. In the im then I would recommend a :flexible quota pleted its findings on the case. In mediate postwar years the total gradually based on a certain percentage of domestic studying the facts the Commission had rose till by 1953 the percentage was 22.8; sales over a ·s-year period. two avenues of action open to it; one, by 1954 it had risen to 37; and now during the I am submitting this request to you, Mr. in the event that no injury to the in first 3 months of 1955 the percentage has President, having regard to your concern for dustry was proved, the Commission could climbed to well above 50. In 1953 alone the welfare of our economic structure as a make those findings available to the more bicycles were imported than the ac whole and with due expectation that you will cumulated total of the 20-year period 1931- give relief to this hard-pressed sector of our general public immediately; on the economy. other hand, if the possibility of injury 51. Foreign bicycle manufacturers thrive be Respectfully yours, is proved, the Commission could pre cause they have an unbeatable price advan Jt-~S T. PATTERSON, sent its findings and recommendations tage due to low cost of labor and materials, Member of Congress. concerning relief from excessive im and subsidies, as well as protec~ive legisla Mr. Speaker, I have received letters ports to the President for his own dis tion in their own countries. In addition from bicycle and bicycle parts manu position of the matter. our tariffs are so low that foreign exporters derive great benefits. by shipping their bi facturers from ·many sections of the Under the tariff law the President has United States. The problem of foreign 60 days in which to decide whether he cycles to our shores. Mr• .President, J: have always felt that the bicycle imports is touching a $200 mil would follow the recommendations or administration of the Trade Agreements Pro lion industry to such an extent that in not. On this coming May 14 the waiting gram could be accomplished without causing th~ first few months of 1955 fully 50 period of 60 days expires. At that time undue injury· to the workers employed in percent of. our domestic market was be the President can notify the senate American industry and agriculture. How-· ing taken over by these importations. 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 5525 It had been suggested in the Randall act. Not only is such a revision over The gathering was attended by a large Commission report that many industries due but, it is of prime importance to" us number of Members of Congress led by should retrain their workers for similar in Congress that we do not relinquish our distinguished and beloved Speaker, type of manufactures in cases where too much of our authority to any one whom we all hail as one of the greatest their domestic industries are being in executive agency. I mean by this that living Americans, .the gentleman from jured by excessive imports of the type in Congress our ultimate responsibility Texas, Mr. SAM RAYBURN. From the of commodity which they produce. is to our constituents and yet here, be executive department of the Govern- Anyone knows how difficult that type cause of a multiplicity of procedures . ment, and the United States Senate, we of program will be. I well remember concerning tariff cuts or the reimposi were all greatly honored by the pres the case during the war of the gold tion of tariffs, we are unable to give re ... ence and participation of a former mining industry. The War Production lief to our constituents. Member of the House, whom we all Board had advised that no machinery Mr. Speaker, quite a few of us in this highly esteem as a dear friend and great or parts would be available to the gold Congress have been importuned time American and a sterling public servant, mining industry. Workers in that in and again by our constituents for the distinguished Vice President of the dustry should be shifted to similar types intervention on their behalf against ex United States and Presiding Officer of of mining or retrained for similar types cessive importations. My feeling is the Senate, Mr. RICHARD M. NIXON, who of employment. Some of you may not that we should revise our tariff law that demonstrated to the assemblage that, in know this, but the relocation and the our constituents may know that their addition to his other brilliant attain retraining program was an abysmal fail interests are being protected. I wish to ments, he is a gifted and talented piano ure. The men refused to be relocated state that I think the time is ripe and a player. His piece de resistance was, in other areas, and special efforts were beginning should be made in the restudy curiously enough, not the Londonderry made by the companies to keep the men and rewriting of our basic tariff law. Air, but a Democratic air heretofore at their current locations in case the closely associated with our former great mines opened at sometime in the future. President from the State of Missouri, Mr. Speaker, I want to stress the fact Congressional Night at the Press Club our friend, colleague, and beloved Harry that the American domestic bicycle in S. Truman. The Vice President dem dustry is not of such minute proportion EXTENSION OF REMARKS onstrated his great skill and ability as that its dislocation can be ignored. In OF a piano virtuoso to the enjoyment and our small factory towns the men have delight of everyone present. lived and brought up their families, HON. PHILIP J. PHILBIN Our beloved Speaker, not to be out bought their homes, and have grown OF MASSACHUSETTS done by a member of the opposite po roots, as it were. It is hard to remove IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES litical faith, not only willingly assumed men from these small towns. Yet, when direction of the Congressional Cho their means of livelihood are being un Tuesday, May 3, 1955 raleers, which regaled the gathering dercut they have to do something else Mr. PHILBIN. Mr. Speaker, the Na with nostalgic melodies, but also, in ac to provide food for their families. This tional Press Club, the largest of its kind cordance with his long-established rule, they will do, no matter what hardship in the world, has a very enjoyable annual preserved decorum and order during the they undergo. Yet, when the time comes custom of holding congressional night. singing program. for this type of mechanic to go back It is a pleasant moment of relaxation On the whole, it was a great occasion into the bicycle industry it will be hard and fun for Members of Congress. And to which we were all deeply indebted to for them to rechange their employment it is a gracious gesture by Washington the Press Club and the friends who so status. Once men leave an industry it newsmen, correspondents, columnists, kindly invited us to be their guests for is not easy to build up such an industry and commentators-a gesture which we this exhilarating event. again. are certain all Members of Congress who To Mr. Arthur Schwartz, great com Mr. Speaker, all this points up the have attended appreciate very much. poser and fine gentleman that he is, we reason to which I am coming now. I am Last Wednesday night, through the are most grateful for the splendid per in favor of a reorientation of our foreign courtesy of the American Society of formance he gave us of his world-famed trade program. I believe in the inter Composers, Authors, and Publishers, we melodies, and for his kind and gracious change of goods between nations. But heard a prediction of things to come, not presence which contributed so greatly the whole trade-agreements program by a columnist, but by one of America's to making the evening so enjoyable and seems to be encumbered at present with top songwriting teams, Lyricist Howard unforgettable. such a vast amount of administrative Dietz and Composer Arthur Schwartz. The topical song of the evening, effec procedures as to make it practically im They collaborated on such Broadway tively rendered by Mr. Schwartz, follows: possible for an industry to get ameliora hits as the Band Wagon, Inside U. s. A., YOU'VE GOT To BE AN AC'rOR TODAY tion of its difficulties should excessive im At Home Abroad, and Revenge With (By Howard Dietz and Arthur Schwartz) ports hurt such an industry. There is Music. And they wrote ·such songs as Politicians nowadays the matter of appeals, the holding of Dancing in the Dark, I Love Louisa, Lou Have adopted thespian ways hearings, the searching and investigat isiana Hayride, and You and the Night For they have to be performers on TV ing of reports of injury, the dislocation and the Music. Their oratory mingles of labor; the research of possible retrain It is indeed a pleasure and privilege to With all the commercial jingles ing efforts, a recommendation to the join with my distinguished colleague On channels CBS and NBC President, a waiting period of 60 days, a from Pennsylvania, Congressman CAR In Washington the Republicans Have appointed Bob Montgomery possible denial of such appeal or a type ROLL D. KEARNS, not only an outstanding To organize the bureau of mummery of action which might not give relief to Member of Congress but also a former The Democrats are working on a plan the affected domestic industry. illustrious concert singer of great talent, To have their candidates directed by Kazan Mr. Speaker, it seems to me that al in inserting into the RECORD the latest though the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of composition of the famous American CHORUS 1930 has been stigmatized as the high popular composers, Mr. Arthur Schwartz You've got to be an actor today Your manner must be affable est in United States history, that tariff and Mr. Howard Dietz. Your features photographable has now been cut down to such an extent This composition was especially com You've got to be good in an audio-video way by successful percentage cuts under the posed for congressional night at the Max Factor is a factor today renewal of every Trade Agreements Act National Press Club, which was held in Powder and paint can make you look like extension as well as by conc-essions the banquet hall of that great associ you ain't. granted at Geneva, Torquay, Annecy, ation. The composition entitled "You've Years ago any candidate could be the people's and now at Geneva again, that to find Got To Be an Actor Today," was per choice is Even tho he never. had a sexy voice the exact rate· in operation a difficult sonally performed by Mr. Schwartz and Like Marlon Brando matter indeed. was received by the audience with most Vocal education will pay I think the time has come, and I would enthusiastic acclaim. As readers will And down in sunny Florida they say urgently stress the sooner the better, observe, it is a colorful, satirical treat That the mayor of Tallahassee that we in this Congress initiate a new ment of a public career in these ad Was coached by Raymond Massey study for the revision of our basic tariff vanced days of television and electronics. You've got to be an actor, today 5526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- HOUSE May 3 SECOND CHORUS This letter will be inade a part of my ucation, and Welfare to allocate the vaccine. You've got to be an actor today remarks. Dr. Scheele again counseled against such The people who examine you I have talked again to Dr. Scheele to steps. In view of his advice, I have decided Appreciate the ham in you to refrain from introducing appropriate leg inquire whether the Department had islation. Yot gotta rate high in a Hooper and Nielson reached any conclusion on the question way I assume, of course, that Dr. Scheele's and Your chances of election are fine of the need for legislation. Dr. Scheele Dr. Keefer's thinking is representative of the If you're the mystery guest on What's My informs me that the Expert Advisory Department's thinking in this matter and I Line Committee on the Polio Vaccine is meet am grateful to have the benefit of the De Have you heard that the Ways and Means ing. Dr. Scheele feels that no decision partment's advice on this highly complex Committee formed a band with regard to legislation should be and emotional issue. When they played they were panned and they reached until the committee has been in Should you or your associates feel at any were canned time that the situation has changed and that a position to review the situation which legislation should be introduced granti;ng By Arthur Godfrey has developed. Dr. Scheele expects to Senators who are anxious to stay the Department additional power to allocate Obey their campaign managers who say: report the results of the Advisory Com the Salk vaccine, I shall be glad to hear fur Don •t be noble mittee's deliberations to Mrs. Hobby, and ther from you. Don't be global he promised to keep in touch with me In the meantime, I shall appreciate re Just be like Georgie Gobel with regard to the situation. ceiving information whether the President, You've got to be an actor today I am making this somewhat lengthy your Department, or any other department or agency of the Federal Government at the explanation in order to show that this present time has the power to allocate, if committee has been following closely the necessary, the Salk vaccine in an appropriate situation with regard to the Salk vaccine. manner. Avoid Hasty Action I believe it would be a mistake for the Sincerely yours, Congress to rush into action before those J. PERCY PRIEST, EXTENSION OF REMARKS in the executive branch who have a great Chai rman. OF responsibility in this field have had an The following editorial appeared todaw opportunity to reevaluate the situation in the New York Times: and to determine whether in the public HON. J. PERCY PRIEST THE SALK VACCINE OF TENNESSEE interest efforts at voluntary allocation Fortunately, medicine is not practiced sta IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES should be abandoned and mandatory controls based on new legislation should tistically. If it were, we would have paid Tuesday, May 3, 1955 more attention to the common cold and some be substituted. other infectious diseases than we have paid Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I agree that the American public is en to poliomyelitis. Yet we cannot ignore sta the New York Herald Tribune carried titled to an early decision, but I feel that tistics when we consider the success of Dr. a front-page editorial entitled "Wash the American public will best be served Salk's vaccine. In fact, it was decided to ington Must Act." I understand that if the Public Health Service and its ad vaccinate m111ions of school children this visors are given an opportunity to col year largely on the basis of a thorough sta copies of this issue of the Herald Trib tistical analysis of last year's mass experi une were distributed to Members' of lect their thoughts and to make appro ment. As a result of that analysis the Salk fices. The editorial calls for immediate priate recommendations to the Congress. vaccine is considered effective in from 60 to enactment of legislation giving the Fed The letter previously referred follows: 90 percent of the cases in which it will be eral Government the 8.uthority to fol APRIL 14, 1955. used. low the Salk vaccine from the producer Hon. OvETA CULP HOBBY, Thus considered, it seems that too much to the person receiving the injection, Secretary, Department of Health, Las been made of the 29 cases of paralytic Education, and Welfare, poliomyelitis that have appeared in some fixing the price, imposing strict regula 300,000 children who have received the Cut tions as to records, setting firm alloca Washington, D. C. ter vaccine, temporarily withdrawn. The tions to various regions, and absolute DEAR MRS. SECRETARY: Several weeks ago vaccine was prepared in accordance with priorities according to need. The edi reports began to appear in the press concern the specifications of the National Health torial also calls for severe penalties for ing an impending shortage of Salk polio vac Institute and of Dr. Salk. It has been tested violators, both users and the sellers. cine following the generally anticipated posi before distribution by the pharmaceutical tive report on the effectiveness of the vaccine. house that prepared it, as well as by the Na Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Com My attention was called particularly to a tional Health Institute. Nevertheless Sur mittee on Interstate and Foreign Com resolution adopted by the New York County geon General Leonard A. Scheele is justi merce, which has general jurisdiction Medical Society -urging the members of the fied in withdrawing it for closer investiga with regard to public health, I and the society to cooperate toward the prevention tion. Paralytic poliomyelitis is so terrify committee have, of course, been con of a black market in the Salk vaccine. ing an afiliction that parents throughout the cerned over the problems created by the At that time I directed a member of the country will approve the withdrawal. All initial scarcity of available Salk polio committee staff to consult with Dr. Scheele told, several million children have been vac and Dr. Keefer with regard to any plans cinated thus far. It is remarkable that out vaccine. your Department might have (and for which of these m111ions so few have been stricken. Several weeks before the Francis re it might need additional powers) to prevent In fact, the few fall well within the 60- to 90- port and- the licensing of the vaccine such a black market and to assure that the percent figure of efilcacy that Dr. Thomas by the Department of Health, Educa vaccine would go to those classes of persons Francis, Jr., gave out a few weeks ago in his tion, and Welfare, I contacted Dr. where, in the opinion of the medical pro report. A board of experts, on which Dr. Scheele and Dr. Keefer with regard to fession, it would do the most good. Dr. Salk sat, has decided that it is safe to pro any plans which the Department might Scheele and Dr. Keefer at that time expressed ceed with nationwide vaccination. As for their personal views that a Federal allocation the Cutter preparation, judgment must be have to provide for allocation of scarce program would be undesirable. The argu withheld. So far there is no evidence of vaccine so that the vaccine would go ments advanced by them were to the effect contamination. to those classes of persons where it would that ( 1) the time element was too short be All this raises the question of a shortage of do the most good. At that time I was tween the anticipated release of the vaccine vaccine. The drug houses that have been advised by Dr. Scheele and Dr. Keefer and the oncoming of the polio season; (2) making the vaccine can hardly be charged that no legislative action was required. the supply held by drug houses was likely with negligence. Even before Dr. Francis to be greater than had been stated in the presented his report some were beginning to Mr. Speaker, I have here a copy of a press; (3) the production of the vaccine enlarge their production facilities, so con letter dated April 14, 1955, addressed to could be stepped up greatly following a posi fident were they of the vaccine's acceptance. Hon. Oveta Culp Hobby, Secretary of tive report on its potency, and (4) an allo By July there will be enough to treat 30 the Department of Health, Education, cation program for the Salk vaccine would million children-about half the number and Welfare, which summarizes brie:fiy -constitute an undesirable precedent. that ought to be vaccinated. Long before the views expressed by Dr. Scheele and Following the release of the Francis report the advent of autumn there should be Dr. Keefer. The letter also requests the and publication of Dr. Salk's views that the enough vaccine to meet at least the needs vaccine should be allocated so that it will of all children. Tightening controls over Secretary to review the situation and to reach the groups where it will do the most ' distribution wm not increase the supply. If advise me whether the Department good, I personally contacted Dr. Scheele yes there is a black market in the distribution of might feel the need for additional legis terday and requested his views with regard the vaccine it has not come to light. The lation granting the Department power to the desirab111ty of enacting legislation physicians who have departed from the to allocate the vaccine. empowering the Department of Health, Ed- "children first" principle and vaccinated 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 5527 those older than the prescribed age are so tions as to records, setting firm allocations to Over the same period, it has vigorously few that they are negligible. In a word, this various regions, and absolute priorities ac.. and without regard for the truth, at is not a time for hysteria but a time to trust cording to need. public health authorities and permit them 2. It must provide for the prompt dissemt.. practically every conceivable opportu to direct the work of vaccination. nation of fully evaluated information on all nity attacked and opposed those in pub .. medical aspects of the program. Doubts lie office who have expressed themselves This is the editorial previously re have arisen across the Nation over such mat in opposition to the surrender of our ferred to from the New York Herald ters as "provocation" and the timing of shots sovereignty and independence of our Tribune: in relation to the incidence of polio. Parents Government. WASHINGTON MUST ACT are entitled to know what disinterested ex The Post seldom, if ever, while speak The Salk vaccine against poliomyelitis is a perts think of these questions as they arise. ing out against what it construes to be national blessing which has created a. na Their children's lives are at stake. a denial of civil rights, while appearing tional emergency. Experts have confirmed 3. It must be clearly limited in time and to combat prejudice and hatred, has con.. the vaccine's general etncacy. The demand subject, so that there will be no doubt that this is an emergency answer to an emergency demned lawlessness, violence, or repre ls far greater than the supply. Every child hensible conduct on the part of politi- 1n America has a right to its protection. situation, not a step toward socialized medi The serum can only be, and must be, con cine. A year, or at most two, will probably . cally powerful groups which support its trolled nationally. bring supply and demand into balance. own-the Post's-pet ideas. Prior to the publication of the Francis re 4. It must have teeth. Penalties for viola.. Those who direct the policy of the port on the success of Dr. Salk's discovery, no tors-both users and sellers-should be Washington Post, whatever may be the agency, public or private, had thought harsh, several years in jail, some thousands of dollars in fines, so that there will be no individual personal beliefs or policies, through an the problems involved in the seem to be more deeply concerned with production and distribution of this great prospect of profit in flouting the law. boon. · 5. Finally, and of the utmost importance, the welfare of people in other lands, The National Foundation for Infantile the act must be passed immediately and ad with the well-being and the security of Paralysis, which deserves great credit for ministered vigorously. The emergency is other nations than they are with the peo· initiative, etnciency and determination, had now-not tomorrow or next month. Con ple of the United States of America or made contracts for the purchase of vaccine gress·can pass a law through both Houses in of the Republic itself. for free administration to children. It is a single day, if the need is great enough. It should pass this legislation forthwith. The Typical of the methods of the Com delivering the serum to communities, but munist Party and of its socialistic doc has no authority over private distribution of Government should be prepared to put its quantities produced in excess of its own con execution in the hands of the country's top trine is an editorial in this morning's tracts, nor can it effectively control com administrators, experienced in allocations Post, captioned "Curious Choice," and munity action after the vaccine is in the and priorities. which reads as follows: Given such leadership, working in har hands of local health authorities. CURIOUS CHOICE State, and localities have improvised their mony with all interested parties, redtape own distribution systems. For the most could be cut, the machinery set in motion, John B. Hollister, of Cincinnati, whom part, these are based on voluntary alloca and speedy enforcement assured. President Eisenhower has designated head tions and priorities, and are concerned more The parents and children of the Nation de of the new International Cooperation Ad· with the acquisition of and payment for the mand it. The whole world is waiting to see ministration to be set up in the State De.. vaccine than with seeing to it that priorities whether the United States will use this great partment, is an able lawyer and administra.. are absolutely observed. Only on Friday, af new weapon against polio swiftly, etnciently, tor who has been executive director of the ter it was clear that the voluntary system and-above all-equitably. Hoover Commission. In his new capacity, was breaking down, did New York City if he is confirmed by the Senate, he will be place penalties on the unauthorized sale or in charge of all foreign-aid operations, in.. possession of the Salk serum. This was a eluding the technical-assistance programs. purely loval move; the penalties, moreover, The post demands unusual energy and spe .. are light in view of the great temptation of Misgivings of the Vf ashington Post cial organizational gifts, both of which Mr. fered by the short supply of the vaccine: Hollister has. But it may be asked whether $500 fine, a year in jail or both. EXTENSION OF REMARKS he wholeheartedly believes in the program The Federal Government, the only au he is picked to administer and whether he thority capable of exercising national con OF will bring to it the zeal which is required if trols, made no serious effort, before the re the Asian part of it is to strike fire. If rumors lease of the report, to anticipate its respon HON. CLARE E. HOFFMAN concerning a preliminary Hoover Commis.. sibilities. The Public Health Service licenses OF MICHIGAN sion report on foreign aid can be relied on, Mr. Hollister's chief interest would seem to be and supervises the manufacture of the Salk IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vaccine under the National Biologics Control to liquidate it as soon as possible. Act. Powers under this act have been exer.. Tuesday, May 3, 1955 Mr. Hollister is a former law partner of cised in withdrawing the product of the Cut Senator Taft and a member of the Taft ter Laboratories from distribution. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. wing of the Republican Party. His choice But the law applies only to the source, Speaker, at least one thing can be con for this significant post may have been in only to quality. It gives the Federal Govern sistently said of the Washington Post, fluenced in part by a desire to keep the Taft ment no authority over allocation, over price, now named the Washington Post and wing of the party under the Eisenhower over violators of agreements. The admin Times Herald; it is consistent and un banner. If such is the case, it may prove istration has relied on voluntary coopera.. ceasing in its efforts to avoid supporting to be as unfortunate as the appointment of tion and on advisory committees. Clarence B. Manion, former Chairman of the The fear of polio has haunted parents for any thought or program which those who Commission on Intergovernmental Rela generations. It is too much to expect of wrote the Declaration of Independence, tions, whose resignation the White House human nature that when the promise of re-· the Constitution, or the Bill of Rights requested when he criticized many Eisen lease from that fear appears, voluntary ar would have logically thought helpful hower programs. Mr. Hollister would make rangements will hold against a mother's in toward either the establishment or the an excellent director of the General Services sistence on the protection of her children or continuance of the independence, the Administration or some other agency chiefly the greed of those who want to make money Republic, and the opportunities which concerned with economy and efficiency. But out of that emotion. New Yorkers remember they gave us. Unceasingly, at least since the foreign-aid chief should be concerned the near riots that were produced by the with social and economic development pro distribution of gamma globulin, far less ef it has been my misfortune to see and read grams as well as with economy and etnciency. fective than the Salk vaccine. They are it, the Washington Post has advocated He must be interested in bold experiments aware that already supplies of the new serum policies which are more suitable to bring designed to raise living standards in the have disappeared into unauthorized chan about the advance of other nations than underdeveloped countries. These require the nels and been diverted to adults when the that of the United States of America. Government to take risks with its money moral right of children to priority is unchal.. Almost without exception, in the slant in the interest of long-term and sometimes lenged. of its news stories and the trend of its intangible returns. To bring order out of this explosive situa editorials, it has been against practically We hope that our misgivings about Mr. tion, a national law is essential. There are everything which those living in the Hollister, who is a man of ability, experience five requirements for such a. law: Midwest at least have deemed vital and and patriotism, are ill-founded. But the · 1. It must be simple and sweeping, giving ~enate ought to satisfy itself on these ques the Federal Government the authority to necessary toward the preservation of our tions before it approves him for a task that follow the Salk vaccine from the producing constitutional form of government, the is of such importance in our foreign rela laboratory to the person receiving the injec prosperity, the happiness and content tions. The vigorous continuance of some tion, fixing the price, imposing strict regula.- ment of our people. form of foreign aid to the underdeveloped 5528 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE May 3 areas is an investment in world stability of Questionnaire The New York Mirror Youth Program :Vital concern to the American people. Mr. Speaker, being compelled to admit EXTENSION OF REMARKS EXTENSION OF REMARKS that Mr. Hollister is a qualified, ener OF OF getic, industrious, sound-thinking Amer;.. ican it views his appointment as head HON. A. L. MILLER HON. VICTOR L. ANFUSO of the International Cooperation Ad OF NEBRASKA OF NEW YORK- ministration with misgivings. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Apparently the appointment of any Tuesday, May 3, 1955 Tuesday, May 3, 1955 loyal American with sound business ex perience and undeviating devotion to the Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. Mr. Mr. ANFUSO. Mr. Speaker, one of principles enunciated in the Constituti?n Speaker, for the fifth time since I have the finest character-building programs to any job carrying either the authority been a Member of Congress, I recently of activities for our citizens of tomorrow to determine policy or direct the ex mailed questionnaires to the 86,000 box- is the youth program conducted by the penditure of tax dollars is abhorrent to .holders in Nebraska's Fourth Congres New York Mirror, one of the great news the Post. sional District. The following tabula papers of this country. Through this tion shows the results of this poll in (a) program of 20 different activities, the the rural areas and (b) the cities: youth of New York City is learning to assume greater responsibilities of citi Deputy United States Marshal Jobs 1. What type farm program do you favor? Flexible 90% parity 100% parity zenship and sportsmanship. Should Be Under Civil Service (a)______59. 7% 26. 9% 13. 4% The youth program was first launched (b) ______73. 0% 19. 0% 8. 03 by the Mirror in 1942 and !1as since then 2. Would you favor a bushel quota on wheat? been expanded into a series of year EXTENSION OF REMARKS Yes (a)______66. 7% No round activities and events aimed at the OF 33.3% (b)______57. 7% 42.3% spiritual, intellectual, and physical de HON. VICTOR L. ANFUSO 3. Would you favor a two-price system on marketing velopment of our youth. Each year this wheat? program is enhanced by the addition of OF NEW YORK Yes (a) ______------48.4% new events and larger numbers of par IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (b) ______------45.3% ticipants. In 1954 these events attract Tuesday, May 3, 1955 4. Should 18-year-olds vote? ed some 84,000 participants and about Yes No 1,100,000 spectators. Mr. ANFUSO. Mr. Speaker, I am to (a) ______------38.4% 61.6% (b) _____ ------40.9% 59.1% Tl)e importance of this program is now day introducing a bill to place the posi 5, Do you favor present Social Security for farmers? recognized by Illany character-building tion of deputy United States marshal in Yes No organizations and authorities in the field the classified-competitive-civil-serv (aL------(b)______58.63.1 7% % 36.41. 3$9/o who also appreciate its value in com ice system. bating juvenile delinquency. New York During the 82d and 83d Congresses 6. Your choice for President in the next eiection- Eisenhower Stevenson Others City's park department and its board of bills were introduced· in both Houses to (a)______73. 1 % 7. 2% 19. 7% education are cooperating with the Mir exclude deputy United States marshals (b)______76. 3% 7. 6% 16.1 % ror in sponsoring many of the activities. from the competitive civil-service sys 7. Should tarifI:l be Kept as A brief listing of the Mirror youth tem, but in each instance the Congress Lowered? Raised? they are? (a)______24. 8% program of events will indicate how (b)______28. 7% 20.8% 54.4% refused to act upon these bills because 18.3% 53.0% much this program has been expanded they were without merit. In November 8. Do you favor the present foreign policy? and the many ways in which youth 1954, however, the United States Civil Yes No can be interested in healthy and con:.. Service Commission, contrary to the in 56. 5$ ~~L::::::::::::::::::: !~: g~ 52. 0/o structive activities. The program in tent of Congress, removed the deputy cludes: marshal positions from the competitive 9. Should we grant more or less foreign aid? · More First. A youth forum, in which hun civil-service system. In taking this ac 9. 0% Less (a)______91.0% dreds of teenagers from school and tion, the Commission made these jobs (b) ______8. 0% 92.0% youth groups discuss national and inter subject to political patronage. 10. Should there be Federal aid to education? national affairs. In my opinion, it is essential that law 41.Yes 8% No (a).______58.2% Second. A cityWide basketball tour enforcement positions of this type should (b)______44. 6% nament in which teams from the ele remain under the regular civil service 55.4% 11. Should there be Federal aid for school construction? mentary and high schools participate in merit system. Applicants for such posi Yes No a series of elimination matches. The tions should be required to qualify in a (a)______50. 2% 49. 8% (b)______55. 5% 44. 5% championship finals are played in Madi competitive examination, instead of hav son Square Garden. In 1954, 1,872 teams ing to depend on political patronage. In 12. Do you favor universal military training? made up of 18,651 players took part. Yes No this way, we shall insure continuity of (a)______49. 3% 50. 7% Third. A marbles tournament for boys service in a most important adjunct of (b)______58. 2% 41. 8% and girls attracted 12,360 youthful par our judicial system. 13. Do you prefer the present Selective Service System? ticipants last year. My bill provides that those marshals (a)______64.Yes 6% 35.No 4% Fourth. The all - city high - school who have acquired competitive civil (b)______67. 3% 32. 7% chorus and symphony orchestra pre service status prior to November 30, 1954, sented its fifth annual concert at Car will retain their status under the meas 14. Do you favor raising postal rates to meet the cost of negie Hall, sponsored jointly by the ure. Deputy marshals appointed to such service? (a)______59.1Yes % 40.No 9% Mirror and the board of education. positions after that date without having (b) ______65. 6% 34. 4% Fifth. A citywide softball tournament taken a qualifying examination will be 15. Should Communist China be admitted to the United is conducted annually with champion required to compete within 90 days fol Nations? ships decided in the men's and women's lowing the enactment of the bill. Yes No divisions. · By enactment of my bill, all deputy (a)------(b)______6.7. 3%5% 92.93. 7%5% Sixth. A handball tourney attracted marshal jobs will be filled through regu 16. Should Alaska be made a new State? 6,150 entrants in all 5 boroughs of the lar civil-service examinations in the Yes No city. Awards were made for individual future. In this way, we shall be able to (a)______77.1 % 22. 9% (b)______79. 2% 20. 8% and doubles championships. restore these positions to the civil service Seventh. -A little fellas baseball league merit system, instead of subjecting them 17. Should Hawaii be made a new State? included 183 teams and 2,562-players last to the inequities of the spoils system. Yes No (a>------74. 4% 25. 6% year. A little "world.series... decided the I trust we can have early committee (b)______79. 9% 20.1 % city champs. action on the bill so that it can be 18. Do you favor a State sales tax? Eighth. A folk-dance festival was brought before the House for consider (a) ______43.Yes 4% 56No. 6% staged on the mall in Central Park, in ation and approval. (b)______46. 9% 53.1 % which 3,500 gaily dressed children from 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 5529 all parts of the city presented a program the board of education, and approximately oil holdings in the hands of a few com of the folk dances of many lands. 35 youth organizations in cosponsoring the panies, the consumer runs a very great Ninth. A sports-editors forum is held various events. risk of being put at a severe long-range This expanded program now embraces 20 annually, attracting some 100 young separate activities, and during the past year economic disadvantage by increased oil writers from the high schools who dis more than 500,000 New York City school chil imports. Far more important, however, cuss problems of mutual interest. dren either actively took part in or were is the detrimental effect that increasing Tenth. A model fiying boat is held spectators at the various projects, which imports are having on our national se each year. The 1954 fair attracted ranged from a youth forum through the field curity. Without accessible oil, our ma 150,000 spectators and 1,000 entrants. of sports to a high-school concert in Carnegie chines of defense would be helpless. It Eleventh. Swimming classes are con Hall. has been amply demonstrated that there ducted in 17 park department pools. Funds to support this elaborate prog;ram were provided by the Mirror and more events is no easy access to foreign oil in war Last year 7,126 learners took swimming and an expansion of present facilities are time. American blood was spilled at sea lessons. contemplated. in World War II to prove this point. I Twelfth. A citywide swim tournament I hope that the little book will give you a hope that we take whatever steps neces is held annually. In 1954 there were dramatic picture of our investment in "citi sary to prevent this from happening 2,225 entrants in the tournament and zens in the mak~ng." again. some 200,000 spectators. Mr. Charles B. McCabe, publisher of the Excessive dependence on foreign oil Thirteenth. Horseshoe pitching tour Mirror, joins me in thanking you for your goes hand in hand with inadequate con 2, 725 support of the program. nament attracted entrants in the Cordially yours, fidence in the ability of the domestic oil city's parks and throngs of spectators. HINSON STILES, industry. Yet the domestic oil industry Fourteenth. Boy Scout awards are Managing Editor. has proved itself capable of fueling the presented to First-Class and Eagle Scouts Nation's armies to victories in two global in recognition of their achievement in Mr. Speaker, many of our large and wars. It will continue to justify confi citizenship training. medium-sized cities throughout the dence in any future emergency. Fifteenth. Junior olympics, an annual country would benefit a great deal by Another tremendously important event, pits contenders of various age adapting the Mirror youth program to phase of this problem relates to poten groups in a program track and field their local needs, and thus help to shape tially disastrous effect of excessive oil sports. In 1954, 2,800 youngsters par the lives and thoughts of American imports on the Nation's economy. All ticipated in the junior olympics. youth, building muscle and character, but 18 of our States produce oil. In Sixteenth. A golf tournament is con and giving them the opportunity to ab 1954, more than $6,300,000,000 worth of ducted all summer long at a dozen city sorb lessons in citizenship which would natural but unused wealth was trans golf courses. Last year, 2,888 partici be of inestimable value in later life. formed into actual wealth in the form pated in this tournament. of crude oil production. Nearly 300,000 Seventeenth. A tennis tournament at people were employed in this country in tracted 3,103 contestants who competed the production of oil. About 29,000 for titles and awards. The Oil Import Problem people were employed in Louisiana. Eighteenth. The annual youth f es More than $700,000,000 worth of this oil tival was held in September in Central EXTENSION OF REMARKS was produced in my State, which ranks Park in the presence of an audience of OF third among all States in the production 50,000. Boys and girls who emerged vic of oil. The loss of this revenue, of this torious in the various events sponsored HON. OVERTON BROOKS employment, of this wealth, would not by the youth program were honored OF LOUISIANA be balanced by any practical or foresee publicly by civic and political leaders. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES able advantages to the American con Honors were handed out to the winners Tuesday, May 3, 1955 sumer. It would be both pointless and by stage, screen, radio, television, and tragic. sports personalities. Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. Mr. At the earliest opportunity, positive Nineteenth. Annual Christmas Carols Speaker, during the last few months, a and immeditae legislative steps should Festival was held on the Mall in Central larger part of the Nation's oil supply be taken to limit oil imports to a rea Park in December. came from foreign oil than ever before sonable level. It is my opinion that this Twentieth. A Winter Carnival is held in our history. It follows, of course, that level should allow the domestic oil in annually in Central Park for winter domestic oil supplied its smallest part of dustry the opportunity for normal ex the national oil supply in history. pansion in accordance with demand for sports. Hundreds participate and thou Yet, domestic capacity to produce oil oil. sands come to watch. is at an extremely high level, nearly I regret that the importing companies Mr. Speaker, such is the long list of 2 million barrels per day more than is have failed to exhibit the business states activities sponsored by the Mirror youth now being absorbed by the market. manship which would have prevented program. Much of the credit for the The conclusion is obvious. Domestic the necessity for taking the legislative success of this program is due to two in oil is being displaced by foreign oil in route. Their failure to act, however, can dividuals who take a personal interest in United States markets. A little more of not excuse a similar failure on the part the program, Charles B. McCabe, pub it is being displaced each day, with the of the Congress. lisher of the New York Mirror and Hin result that the domestic oil industry Now that Congress is studying this son Stiles, its managing editor. Mr. Mc is being slowly squeezed out of existence. problem, I am working for the passage Cabe is chairman of the youth program These are facts fraught with danger. of legislation aimed at solution of the executive committee and Mr. Stiles is They reflect a situation which is unwise oil imports problem. I believe that such the administrator. Other members of and unhealthy not only for Louisiana, a solution is essential to the welfare of the committee are William Detlef, W. N. but for the entire Nation. my State and my Nation. Thomas, and Glenn Neville. The com Unless something is done soon to pre mittee has just published a fine bro vent this displacement of domestic oil in chure, entitled "citizens in the Making," United States markets, the domestic oil which describes the youth program in producers' incentive to search for new Voting and Attendance Record detail. sources of oil will be severely impaired, In sending me a copy of the booklet, and the Nation's oil productive capacity Mr. Stiles wrote me as follows: EXTENSION OF REMARK.3 will fall far short of our expanding eco OF NEW YORK MIRROR, nomic and security needs. New York, N. Y., April 22, 1955. The ultimate result of such a policy HON. GERALD R. FORD, JR. DEAR JUDGE ANFUSO: Another year has could well be disaster. OF MICHIGAN slipped by and I am pleased to send you_.our new brochure of the Mirror's youth program, The American consumer has not, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES largest character-building enterprise in the will not, enjoy economic advantages, as Tuesday, May 3, 1955 Nation conducted by a newspaper. a result of the increasing entry, into their The Mirror is particularly happy to have country, of foreign oil. As a matter of Mr. FORD. Mr. Speaker, under leave participated with the department of parks, fact, due to the concentration of foreign to extend my remarks, I include a report 5530 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE May 3 of my voting and attendance record dur only; no attempt has been made to" de:. through thousands · of pages of the ing the 2d session of the 82d Congress. scribe the bills completely or to elaborate RECORD. I want to be able to provide any The record includes all rollcall votes upon the issues involved. interested constituent with a simple com and all quorum calls. The description The purpose of this report is to collect pilation of my voting and attendance of bills is for the purpose of identification in 1 place information which is scattered record: Voting and attendance record, Representative GERALD R. FoRD, JR., 5th District, Michigan; 82d Cong., 2d sess.
Roll call Date Measure, question. and result Vote No.
1 Jan. 8 Call of the House. __ ------__ ------Present. 2 Jan. 15 Quorum calL ______------___ -_-_ -- ______------_-_ - . -. -. ---_- . ---. ------. ------_____ ---______--· ______Present. 3 ___ do_____ H. R. 5715, providing for an across-the-board increase of 10 percent in pay and allowances of members of the Armed Forces. On passage Yea. (Passed, 270 to 89). . 4 Jan. 30 Quorum call ______------__ ------.. _- _- ---. --_------______Present. Feb. 4 H. R. 401, providing that any person not a citizen and regardless of age who serves with the Armed Forces between Jun~ 25, 1950, and Yea. June 30, 1955, may be naturalized after compliance with the naturalization laws (Passed, voice vote). 5 Feb. 5 H. Res. 517, citing Sidney Buchman for con.tempt of Congress by his refusal to comply with a subpena issued by the Committee on Yea. Un-American Activities. (Adopted, 314 to 0.) 6 Feb. 19 H. R. 5893, as amended, authorizing not to exceed $125,000,000 additional for revolving fund for the purpose of making direct loans under Yea. Servicemen's Readjustment Act for housing at 4 percent interest rates where such loans are not available from private sources. (Passed, 342 to 0.) 7 Feb. 20 Quorum calL ______-----______-----_----- ___ --· _-- __ --- __ -----___ ----______-----______Present. House Resolution 514, directing Secretary of State to transmit to House information relating to any agreements made by the President of United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain during their recent conversations: 8 ___ do____ On motion to table resolution. (Defeated, 184 to 150)------· Nay. 9 ___ do____ On adoption. (Adopted, 189 to 143) ___ ------Yea. 10 Feb. 27 Quorum call. __ ------Present. 11 Feb. 28 _____ do ____ ------______------_____ ----_------_------_ Present. 12 Feb. 29 __ __ _do __ ------_------Pr~nt. 13 Mar. 3 ---__ do ______------____ ------_------______------__ --.. -. ------.. --. ------. -----. ------Piesent. 14 ___ do ____ H. R. 6854, making appropriations for the Treasury and Post Office Departments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1953: On amend- Yea. ment reducing the operating expenses of the Coast Guard by $1,600,000. (Adopted, 191 to 128). 15 Mar. 4 Quorum call ______-·--______----______------_ ------_-- _------Present. H. R. 5904, Universal Military Training and Service: · 16 ___ do____ On adoption of substitute providing that training shall be provided as part of high school curriculum. (Defeated, 155 to 235.) ____ Nay. 17 __ _do____ On motion to recommit. (Adopted, 236 to 162.) ______-______Yea. 18 Mar. 10 S. 2667, establishing daylight-saving time in the District of Columbia for 1952. On amendment exempting all Government offi.ces and Nay. departments from the daylight-saving time provisions and keeping them on standard time. (Defeated, 4 ~ to 240.) H. Res. 539, providing authorization by the Special Committee To Investigate the Massacre of Polish Soldiers in the Katyn Forest during World War II to hold hearings in Europe: . 19 Mar. 11 On previous question. (Defeated, 164 to 156.). ------: ____ _ Yea. 20 ___ do____ On adoption. (Adopted, 206 to 115) _ ------Yea. 21 ___ do____ Quorum call ______------______-----______-----______------______Present. S. 2077, transferring from the FBI to the Civil Service Commission the task of investigating loyalty of personnel prior to their being employed by the Government in certain agencies: Yea. ~ -M.~:-12- Quo~~mg;ii~~:~-~~~~~~~·---(~~:~~~~~~-~~~~-~~}-~=:::::=:::=:::::::::::::::=:::::=:::::::=:::::::::::::::::::::=:::::::::=:=:::::: Present. 24 Mar. 13 - --__do _____ ------______-----_____ ------__ ------Present. 25 Mar. .18 --_- _do ___ ---______------___ ------______--- __ ------Present. H. R. 6444, omnibus claims bill for the relief of sundry claimants: 26 ___ do_____ On amendment striking out title II. (Defeated, 147 to 184.) ______Yea. 27 ___ do_____ On amendment deleting claim of John Fleckstein for compensation due to physical injury received in 1912 while employed in the Yea. service of the Isthmian Canal Commission and the Panama Canal. (Adopted, 186 to 141.) 28 Mar. 19 Quorum call ___ ------_____ ------~ ------~------Present. 29 ___ do_____ H. Res. 578, providing for consideration of H. R. 7072, maldpg appropriations for the Executive Office and sundry independent offices Yea. for the year ending June 30, 1953. (Adopted, 228 to 133.) 30 Mar. 20 Quorum call ______Present. 31 ___ do _____ H. Res. 556, providing $65,000 to send a committee to Europe to investigate the massacre of Polish soldiers in the Katyn Forest in Yea. Russia during World War II. (Adopted, 235 to 114.) · · · 32 Mar. 21 Quorum call ______------______Present. Hi 1:3: 7072, making appropriations for the Executive Office and sundry independent offices and agencies for the year ending June 30, 9 33 ___ do_____ On Fisher amendment limiting to 5,000 the number of public housing units to be started in fiscal year 1953. (Adopted, 192 to Yea. 168.) 34 ___ do_____ On Coudert amendment reducing by $14 million the funds allocated to the Tennessee Valley Authority. (Adopted, 199 to 159.) __ _ Yea. 35 Mar. 25 Quorum calL ___ ------____ ------__ ------______------__ ------_____ ------Present. 36 Mar. 26 _ -- __ do ______------___ ------______------______------__ ------______------__ _ Present. 37 Mar. 27 _-- __ do ______·-______------__ _ Present. ___ do_____ H. R. 7176, making appropriations for the Department of the Interior for the year ending June 30, 1953: 38 ___ do_____ On amendment reducing from $18,816,800 to $18,000,000 for the Bureau of Mines. (Adopted, 192 to 164) ______Yea. 39 Mar. 28 Quorum call ___ ------Present. ___ do_____ H. R. 7216, making appropriations for government of the District of Columbia for the year ending June 30, 1953: 40 ___ do_____ On motion to recomlllit with instructions to reduce by $2,400,000 the Federal Government's appropriation to the District's general Yea. fund. (Adopted, 162 to 143.) 41 Mar. 31 S. 1415, providing for payment for compulsory labor by, and inhuman treatment of, prisoners of war as well as the relief of certain or- Yea. ganizations in the Philippines which aided Americans during World War II. (Passed, 325 to 0.) · 42 ___ do_____ H. R. 6661, on motion to suspend .the rules and pass bill amending the Foreign Service Buildings Act of 1926 authorizing the Depart- Yea. ment of State to expand its building program overseas through the utilization of $90,000,000 of foreign credits owed the United States. (Passed, 240 to 82.) . 43 __ .do_____ Quorum call _____ ------______------_____ ------______-----____ ------____ _ Present. Present. ~ 1~~: ~ === ==gg======::::::::======:: :: :::::= ::: :: : ====:::: ::: =:: == ::::::::::::: =::::: ::: :: ::: :: : Present. 46 ___ do_____ H: Res. 5911 providing for consideration of S. 1203, providing for appointment of 23 permanent and 4 temporary ciJ;cuit and district Nay. Judges. ~Adopted, 192 to 182.) 47 Apr. 4 Quorum calL ______------____ ------______------~------Present. 48 ___ do_____ H. Res. 561, creating a special committee to conduct an investigation and study of tax-exempt foundations and other comparable organ Nay. izations. (Adopted, 194 to 158.) · Hi~i>?280, making appropriations for the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, and the Judiciary for the.year ending June 30, 49 ___ do_____ On amendment reducing from $43,400,000 to $40,399,000 the amount allowed for salaries and expenses cii the Immigration and Yea. Naturalization Service. (Adopted, 193 to 136.) . 50 ___ do.~--- On amendment limiting, with certain exceptions, the filling of o:qly 25 percent of the vacancies which occur in the offices and bu- Yea. Not voting.I Present. Present. .~ ~~~~~~?~ -~~~rg~~~~;~~J~~~~~~~~~;f~~~=~~~~~==~~~=~~~~~=2=~~~=~~~~======~======· ======·===·=== Present. gg !~~: ~ -ii~-~~s:oo2:c:ifi~-iH:iiiir-Y-~~~riIDeW-a1
Voting and attendance record, Representative GER4LD R. FORD, JR., 5th District, Michigan; 82d Cong., fd sess.-Continued
Roll call Date Measure, question, and result Vote No.
63 Apr. 25 Quorum call ______·______Present. 64 Apr. 30 H . R. 6839, 1:11~ying and extending the authority of the Postmaster General to lease quarfus-for-iJO""sToffioo-purpoiies:--on-amend: Yea. ment reqmnng that all lease-purchase agreements be submitted to and approved by the House and Senate Committees on Public Works. (Adopted, 178to165.) Present. Present. Present. Present. ij - ~1LH~·1E~iii:i:i!!!!!~m!iiii!i!m=mii~!immi!!immiiimm=~=-~i=~~~miiii~~~i~~~~iii~~~=~~~~~~~=~j~jjjj~j~~~~~j~jj~ Present. Present, 71 ___ do_____ S. J. Res. 20, confirming and establishing the titles of the States to lands beneath navigable-wat;,rsWfthlll-State-boundarles-and_tO_ Yea. the natural resources within such lands and waters. (Conference report.) (Adopted, 247 to 89.) 72 ___ do__ ___ H. R. 5715, the armed services pay raise bill. (Conference report.) (Adopted, 333 too.>------Yea. ___ do_____ H. R. ~23, amending the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, authorizing Administrator of General Services to enter mto lease-purchase agreements: 73 ___ do ____ _ On recommittal to committee with instructions it be reported back with amendment providing for submission of all lease-purchase Yea. agreements involving more than $50,000 to the Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments of the House and Senate 30 days prior to their execution. (Recommitted, 260 to 75 .) Yea. Present. Present. 77 ___ do_____ S. 677, fixing the personnel strength of the U.S. Marine Corps at not less than 3 full-strene:th comb'at divisions and 3 full-strength air Yea. ~~ - M~~-15- ~ ~~~r£~~~~=~~~~~=~=;;~:~=1=1=4=~======wings, and to add the Commandant of the Marine======~======Corps as =====a member======of the Joint Chiefs======of Staff. (Passed,======253======~== to 30.) ======78 May 19 Quorum call ______------·---- ______------______------______Present. 79 ___ do _____ H. R. 7800, increasing old-age and survivors' insurance benefits, preserving insurance rights of permanently and totally disabled indi- Nay. viduals and increasing the amount of earnings permitted without loss of benefits. On suspension of rules and passage. (Defeated 150 to 140, two-thirds majority required.) ' 80 May 21 Quorum calL ______------______Present. 81 May 22 _____ do ______------______Present. 82 May 22 ____ . do ______, ______------______------______------______Present. 83 May 23 _ ___ do ______------______------______Present. 84 ___ do_____ H. R. 7005, Mutual Security Act. On amendment reducing economic aid funds to $615,300,000. (Adopted, 221to137.L ______Yea. 85 ___ do_____ On amendment cutting funds for Asia $111 l_Ilillion and separating the military funds from the point 4 funds. (Adopted, 192 to 165.) __ Nay. 86 ___ do_~--- On passage. (Passed, 246 to 109.>------Yea. H. R. 6811, increasing District of Columbia gas tax: 87 May 26 On passage ____ ------_------___ ------__ ------______------______------____ ; ______Nay. 88 May 28 Quorum calL ____ ------_------_____ ------______------______Present. 89 ___ do ______do·------Present. 90 June 2 _____ do ______-----______------___ ------______------______------______Present. 91 June 5 _____ do ______------______----______------______• __ Present. 92 ___ do_____ H. R. 7656, authorizing educational and training allowances and other benefits comparable to those granted veterans of World War II _Yea. for veterans of Korean war. On passage. (Passed, 361 to 1.) 93 ___ do__ ___ Quorum call ______------______------Present. 94 ___ do_____ H. R. 7005, Mutual Security Act. (Conference report.) (Adopted, 230 to 115.)------Yea. 95 June 9 Quorum caJL ______- _- _- ---- ___ -_-_ ------_- _------______Present. 96 ___ do_____ S. 97, authorizing the appropriation of $18,200,000 for the construction, operation and maintenance of facilities for ._enerating hydro Nay. electric power at the Cheatham Dam on the Cumberland River, Tenn. On passage. (Passed, 132 to 121.) 97 June 10 Quorum call _____ -- __ ------_------______------Present. 98 ___ do______do ______Present. 99 ___ do______do ______Present. 100 June 11 _____ do. ______-----_--- _-- -_-_ ------______-_------______Present. 101 ___ do ______do------Present. 102 ___ do _____ H.J. Res. 477, extending certain emergency powers until June 30, 1953. (Adopted, 285 to 69.)------Yea. 103 June 12 Quorum call ______------_------____ --_- ___ -----_____ ------______-----______Present. 104 ___ do_____ H. R. 8120, authorizing certain construction at military and naval installations in the amount of $2, 758,318,000. On passage. (Passed, Yea. 332 to 7.) 105 June 16 Quorum calJ __ ------_- ___ -.. __ Present. 106 June 17 H. R. 7800, increasing old-age and survivors insurance benefits, preserving insurance rights of permanently and totally disabled indi Yea. viduals and increasing the amount of earnings permitted without loss of benefits. (Passed, 361 to 22.) 107 June 18 Quorum call------Present. 108 June 19 -____ do ____ ------Present. 109 June 20 _____ do _____ ------Present. 110 June 25 _____ do ____ _------Present. 111 June 26 - ____ do _____ ---____ ------_------Present. H. R. 8210, Defense Production Act of 1950 extending beyond June 30, 1952, program for materials allocation, and price, credit and rent controls: 112 ___ do ____ _ On amendment providing for decontrolling materials by suspending celling prices when such materials are selling below celling Yea. prices, when such materials are in surplus or adequate supply and are not rationed. (Adopted, 210 to 182.) 113 __ _do ____ _ On amendment guaranteeing the customary percentage mark-ups of individual wholesalers and retailers. (Adopted, 231to16-(.) __ Nay. U4 __ _do ____ _ On amendment abolishing the Wage Stabilization Board and creating new Board with limited jurisdiction. (Adopted, 256 to 138.) __ Yea. 115 ___ do ____ _ On amendment requesting the President to invoke the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act in the current labor dispute Yea. in the steel industry. (Adopted, 228 to 164.) . 116 ___ do ____ _ On amendment terminating all wage and price controls on July 31, 1952. (Defeated, 151 to 244.) __ ------ Nay. 117 ___ do ____ _ On amendment terminating all rent control on Sept. 30, 1952, except in critical defense areas or where local governing authorities Yea. request its continuance. (Adopted, 225 to 170.) 118 ___ do__ ___ On passage. (Passed, 211to185.) ___ __ ------Nay. 119 ___ do _____ H. R. 5678, revising and codifying laws relating to immigration, naturalization and nationality. On overriding the President's veto. Yea. (Overridden, 278 to 113.) 120 ___ do _____ H. R. 7072, making appropriations for the Executive Office and sundry independent offices and agencies for year ending June 30, 1953. Yea. (Conference report.) On recommittal to committee of conference with instructions to insist on House limitation of 5,000 public housing units to be started in 1953 instead of the compromise figure of 35,000. (Recommitted, 195 to 181.) 121 June 28 Quorum caJL __ ------_-_ ------Present. H. R. 8370, making supplemental appropriations for the year ending June 30, 1953: 122 ___ do ____ _ On amendment reducing from $3,273,824,750 to $3,128,224,750 the mutual security funds for military assistants. (Adopted, 173 to Nay. 167.) ___ do ____ _ On.passage. (Passed, voice vote.) ___ ------___ ------_ ------.----- Nay. __ _do ____ _ S. 2594, extending the Defense Production Act. (Conference report.) (Adopted, 11}4 to 142.)----: ------Nay. 123 H. Res. 717 citing Arthur McPhaul for contempt.of Congress. (Adopted, 348 to O.) ______: ____ _ 124 June 30 Yea. 125 ___ do ____ _ H. Res. 718, citing Saul Grossman for contempt of Congress. (Adopted, 349 to 0.)------Yea. 126 ___ do ____ _ Quorum calL ______- __ -- _-_ ------_------Present. ___ do ____ _ H. R. 8122, continuing the existing method of computing parity prices for basic agricultural commodities. (Passed, 207 to 121.) ______Nay. 127 Quorum can ______Present. 128 ___July do ____2 _ Nay. 129 H. Res. 638, authorizing the expenditure of certain funds for the expenses of the Select Committee To Investigate Foundations and other comparable organizations exempt from Federal taxation. (Adopted, 247 to 99.) 130 ___ do_____ Quorum calL ______--_------_------__ ------·· ------Present. Yea. 131 ___ d0 _____ H. R. 7072, appropriating funds for independent offices for fiscal 1953. On recommittal to committee of conference with instructions to insist on House limitation relative to the number of public housing units to be commenced in 1953. (Rejected, 160 to 194.) 132 July 3 Quorum call ______------_------_____ ------____ _------_------Present. H. R. 7176, making appropriations for the Department o ~ the Interior for fiscal year 1953: · 133 ___ do ____ _ On recommittal of conference report to committee of conference with instructions to reinsert provisions relative to western Minne Nay. sota power transmission lines. (Rejected, 49 to 299.) 134 ___ 40 ____ _ On amendment appropriating $5,493, 750 for administrative expenses of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands pursuant to the Yea. trusteeship agreement. (Approved, 345 to 2.) Present. 135 ___ do ,____ Quorum calL ______--__ ------_------__ :_ --·------Present. 136 ___ do ______dO------.----.------= ------·------~------: ------5532 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE May 3
Voting and attendance record, Representative GER.ALD R. FoRD, JR., 5th District, Michigan; 82d Cong., 2d sess.-Continued
Roll call Date Measure, question, and result Vote No.
137 July 3 H . R. 7289, making appropriations for Departments of State, Justice, Commerce, and the Judiciary for fisca Jyear 1953. On recommit Yea. tal of conference report to committee of con ference with instructions to agree to Senate amendment barring use of appropriations for expenses in connection with participation in the International Materials Conference. (Recommitted, 184 to 157.) 138 __. do____ Quorum call __ ------___ ----- ______------______------______Present. Present. :======::::: Yea. m141 ===___ ~g::do___ _ -M" Quoort~umgii-t ccai aCiiOll ____ur ------n :- -(:Rej ecte Polio Vaccine not intended as a refiection on the medi I came to work here in May of 1925-30 cal profession or upon any health depart years ago. ment. After my father's death, the Banner be EXTENSION OF REMARKS In every walk of life there are persons, came a partnership concern, with my mother, OF who will do what is required of them Mrs. Amanda Payne, and I coowners. During the past 14-plus years, while I have HON. ABRAHAM J. MULTER only under compulsion of law. It is be been serving as editor, the only time I have cause of those few and in order to guar been off duty here for extended times was OF NEW YORK antee equal and fair distribution to those the 60-day term of the legislature on four IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who should be taken care of first that occasions. · Tuesday, May 3 ~ 1955 this legislation is required. I hope the House Banking and Cur The history related by Mr. Payne can Mr. MULTER. Mr. Speaker, I have rency Committee will conduct hearings be matched throughout the Nation, for today introduced in the House a bill on this bill in the very near future and our so-called country newspaper editors to authorize the President to control, present it to the House for consideration. have always been noted for their en regulate, and allocate the use and dis deavor and their public service. In ad tribution of ·medicinal substances used dition to the publication of news and the for the prevention or treatment of dis- · chronicle of life in the community, these ease, if the prevalence and ·seriousness of The Weekly Newspaper Editor fine men and women have given gener the disease creates an emergent nation ously of their time in civic affairs. al-health problem. EXTENSION OF REMARKS I would like to call to the attention of The President would be authorized to OF the House Mr. Payne's comments re issue a proclamation setting forth such garding the glamour of the newspaper finding and declaring that it is necessary HON.E.C.GATHINGS profession. He states: to exercise the powers that would be OF' ARKANSAS Unfortunately, operating a country week granted to him, to allocate such medici IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ly is not at all like it is pictured in the movies nal substances, and regulate the use and or on television. Their stories would leave distribution thereof, to such extent as Tuesday, May 3, 1955 you to believe that all papers have a large he may deem necessary or appropriate Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, in the outside staff of reporters, that are on call for any and every event. These stories do not for the protection and preservation of April 15 issue of the Piggott, Ark., Ban depict the story behind the scene. The the health of the American people. The ner, my good friend, Mr. Laud Payne, backshop activity, where the mechanical President would also have authority to in referring to the fact that with the work is done is not so glamorous to depict. fix price ceilings on such substances. publication of that issue his newspaper But it is the workshop and where the money The President would be able to dele would be entering on its 63d year of must be made. All of us in tn. Banner work gate any power or authority granted to continuous business in Clay County, in the front and back. Not one (and that him, to the head of any department or Ark., makes some cogent statements in includes the gals, Mrs. Robbins, and my independent establishment in the execu connection with the business of the mother), is excluded from getting "ink in weekly newspaper. the hair." tive branch of the Government. So if you don't see us out on the streets The President or the Congress would Writing in his column, Picked Up Here too often; don't see us at every accident have the power to declare the emergency and There, Mr. Payne says: scene; at every fire; at every social function; at an end. With the publication of this issue, the it isn't our lack of interest-but lack of time. The bill contains· a penalty provision. Banner enters its 63d year of continuous We try to get the stories in, and have various business in Piggott. This gives this paper sources from which we get information. Anyone who willfully does any act pro one of the longest records in this area of hibited, or willfully fails to perform any being continuously in business under the This is true, the business of operating act required, under any order or regula same firm name. A lot of people have a weekly newspaper is not the wild and tion issued by the President, or the head thought the paper bas been continuously discordant hustle and bustle as pictured of the department or establishment to owned by the Payne family, but that ls not in popular print, but the everyday oper whom the power or authority is dele the case. My father, the late Charles Payne, ation of the paper-recording the loss gated by the President, would upon con came to work for the Banner when he was of the community's citizenship, the birth viction be fined not more than $10,000, a boy, not over 16 years of age. He started as a printer's devil, working for 50 cents a of its future leaders, and the happy news or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, week and board and sleeping on 9- cot in the of weddings and anniversaries, the loca ... of both. My bill provides that the act back of the omce. This was around 1900. tion of new business, and the everyday would be effective immediately. He worked almost continuously for the paper events that make America-this is the Introduction of the bill was prompted until his death in 1940. The only time he life of our newspapermen on the small by the current situation involving the was ~>Ut for any time was during the 8 years weeklies. The editor usually writes most use of Dr. Salk's serum for ·the preven he served the county as a public ofilcial of the news, being the confidant of the tion of infantile paralysis. county court clerk and sheri1f and collector. During the very bottom of the depression, civic officials, and he is to.be seen up and Newspaper accounts and editorials, as the early thirties, he purchased the paper, down the streets of the city with his blunt well as telecasts and broadcasts by per took over as editor. Not too many years later pencil and fold of copy paper. He may sons familiar with the matter, clearly he purchased the present building and we have the help of the pony wire from demonstrate the need for the bill. It is moved over here. the wire service and, at best, he may be 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 5533 opulent enough to have a teletype ma Opportunities always exist in new areas. It understands that development of these chine-but, primarily, his news is of the Since Montana is relatively new, has not resources must be encouraged and that community. He edits the newsletters been fully developed, has a sparse pop it is the duty of the government to be from the various rural communities sur ulation and vacant land, it is a para liberal with that encouragement. To rounding his town, and he thinks it right dise for those looking for opportunities. day Montana is a modern State. Its to leave in the copy local news of a litter Montana has a great base of raw ma cities and towns are clean, with modern of pigs and the visit of a relative from terials, minerals, agricultural and for homes, office buildings, and stores. just across the county. · est products. These are present .more From a business standpoint these cities The local newspaper retains the flavor generously and completely than in any compare favorably in retail sales with of our historic past for stories in the other State. Coupled with these is an cities of much larger size in other sec newspaper reflect the character of the enormous amount of power, an intelli tions of the country. Population figures editor and modern objectivity in news is gent and effective labor supply, adequate show that Montana has experienced a not permitted to make the items imper transportation, local and national mar 2.9 percent postwar increase in popula sonal. If they like a man they say so. kets, a healthy and enjoyable climate, tion. Last year Montana's per capita The greatest gems of journalism are and a people who love and have faith . income ranked seventh in the Nation. not found in the large metropolitan pa in their State. On June "(, 1955, I introduced House pers. The true essence of life in these These great potentialities provide a Concurrent Resolution 154, calling on United States is found in the columns range of opportunity as great as the the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy of the weekly newspapers. range of free enterprise itself from one to make a full and complete study and The news is gathered and many times man businesses to complete industrial investigation of the means of obtaining set up in type by the same editor. Or, in operations. Surveys already made have dispersion and relocation of industr~es a pinch, he can still pick up a stick and yielded a long and varied list. Tech and facilities essential to the defense and handset the type and measure out the nological advancements which are oc security of the United States in case of heads without worrying about a layout curring with increasing rapidity, length atomic attacks. My resolution, which is man. He is as familiar with the stone in en this list. identical to Senate Concurrent Resolu the composing room as he is with his desk A swift backward glance reveals why tion 19, introduced by Senator FRANK in the editor's cubbyhole. Montana is what it is today. Its early BARRETT, of Wyoming, specifically refers He is the voice of his community. He history is an intermingling of the lonely to the possibilities in the Rocky Moun is the conscience of his community. And trading post and settler's cabin, the tain area, including Montana, for re he is a bulwark in the Nation. roaring gold camp, Indians and trap ducing vulnerability to atomic attack by To the Laud Paynes of this Nation pers, the farmer's struggle against the such dispersal and relocation. the editors of our weekly newspapers, I elements, cattle industry, the fabulous It cans for Federal, State, and local pay tribute, and I congratulate the Pig war of the copper kings, lawlessness government cooperation in making the gott Banner on its success!ul history of beaten by law and order. These expe study, and also proposes tax incentives service to Clay County. May our Nation riences bred a hardy, and later a and other measures to encourage volun remain a free and democratic country friendly, people. tary dispersion and relocation of such in where the voice of such editors will con Montana's early visitors found the vast dustries and facilities. tinue to be heard and the news of our eastern plains and the western slope The problem of dispersal has been communities be recorded.without censor laced by great river systems. Favorable widely recognized and support of action ship or restraint. passes provided natural routes through on it has come from a variety of sources. the mountains for the Lewis and Clark Senator BARRY GOLDWATER, of Arizona, Expedition, the trappers, the gold seek has stated he feels speedy action on dis ers, the permanent settlers, and, finally, persion of industry is needed "in view of On House Concurrent Resolution 154- the transcontinental railroacs. the great threat to our Nation's survival From the eastern plains, at 2,000-foot should the great majority of its indus lndustry to the Rockies altitude, Montana stretches westward tries be knocked out in one blow due to over vast range, agricultural, and oil extreme concentration along out two EXTENSION OF REMARKS lands. Montana rises gradually from seaboards." For that reason a United OF the east to the 5,000-foot level of the States Senator, who is also a qualified jet foothills, over the peaks of the Rocky pilot and knows much of the problems of HON. ORVIN B. FJARE Mountains, and then on down the Pacific our atomic age, fully supports this reso OF MONTANA slope. lution. And here are others who have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The mountain yielded a clue .to their spoken out on this problem, as contained Tuesday, May 3, 1955 fabulous wealth in 1852, and by 1863 in a recent statement by Senator BAR settlements had been made, the "miner's RETT: Mr. FJARE. Mr. Speaker, if ever gulch" government, a rudimentary law there .was a true land of opportunities In a press conference on April 28, 1955, Air based mostly upon practical experience Force Secretary Harold E. Talbott publicly that place is my native State of Mon and fitted to the individual requirements advocated the dispersal of future airplane tana. I say that for a variety of rea of each gulch, had evolved. and missile factories inland from the heavily sons, all of which will show that there Development of broader aspects of law populated and overindustrialized areas of the is no better place in the United States east and west coasts as a means of reducing for industries to establish or relocate received an historic boost in 1863 when targets for enemy bombers. than in the Treasure State-Montana. honest men, harassed by lawlessness and He declared "further expansion or dupli From a hardy, friendly people to a murder, formed the vigilance commit cation of aircraft production should be wealth of natural resources, Montana is tee-the storied vigilantes who brought moved probably to the Middle West, and the ideal for industry of all kinds. Strate order and safety to Montana in a few reason for this is twofold. One, from a months of swift, frontier justice. strategic standpoint it is a safer picture for gically located in the Rocky Mountain this country. Second, we believe that it is area, its abundance of treasure stretches When Montana became a State, No not wise for any locality to be dependent on from the tall timber in the Rockies down vember 8, 1899, its government devel a single industry such as military aircraft to the depths of the earth for petroleum, oped from the early attempts at law and for too large a percentage of its economy." copper, and other as yet untapped min from governments established in older Secretary Talbott emphasized that the Air erals including uranium for our atomic parts of' the Nation. The government Force did not want new facilities built on the era. Montana provides a variety since was still tempered by a rugged individ west coast, and would like to have a further the third largest State, by area, in the ualistic Montana and was adapted to its dispersement from the coastal areas of this needs. · type of industry. Union includes both the Rocky Moun Val Peterson, former Governor of Nebraska tairu; and a portion of the Pacific North Today Montana has a modern govern and now Chief of Civil Defense Administra west and the rolling land of the Great ment, similar to those in other States. tion, testified before the Senate Interior Com Plains States. It is still tempered by Montana condi mittee on the upper Colorado River Basin These few facts are the best evidence tions but it recognizes its responsibilities project and pointed out that the upper Col that Montana is a land of opportunities. toward the state's tremendous resources. orado Basin would be an ideal place for tlie 5534 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE May 4 dispersal of industry in the Interests of na Department of Civil Defense personnel, either through the normal tional defense. voluntary procedure, or, if necessary, by Urging support of the upper Colorado River EXTENSION OF REMARKS means of the Selective Service System. Basin storage project, Peterson told the Sen The bill also gives the President the ate Interior Committee that in the further OF power to transfer personnel into the Jii)e expansion and extension of the Nation's in dustries "we should look to areas where it HON. ABRAHAM J. MULTER partment of Civil Defense in case of a would be more difficult to attack." OF NEW YORK national emergency, as and when pro "Our expanding economy requires new IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES claimed by the President or the Congress. sites for industry. If uranium is a coming There is an immediate, pressing need source of power, it might be profitable for in Tuesday, May 3, 1955 for such legislation. The civil defense dustry to locate near its source. If the -oil Mr. MOLTER. Mr. Speaker, yesterday program in the United States at present shale developments prove out, new industries I introduced in the House a bill to abol is utterly inadequate to cope with the should be located near the source of this fuel. ish the present Federal Civil Defense danger of enemy attack. The problems The entire basin has great coal reserves as Administration and to create within the of civil defense cannot be effectively sep well as other minerals and raw materials." Defense Department a Department of arated from the problems of military de Donald J. Hughes, chairman of the Federa Civil Defense, under the direction of a fense. tion of American Scientists in a letter to Secretary appointed by the President. The fiscal resources of the individual President Eisenhower, May 13, 1955, pointed With an initial allocation of $25 mil States and local communities are in out that economic forces in the Nation al adequate to guarantee equal minimum ready are causing some dispersal, but not lion the new Department would be au enough in proportion to the need. He thorized to prepare on a nationwide scale protection to all peoples in the United emphasized that the longer the Nation de a comprehensive and effective program States, and although the patriotic efforts lays starting an adequate dispersal program of civil defense, to make known to the of part-time volunteer citizens is com the more drastic the program will have to be public to the fullest possible extent, con mendable, the complex requirements of to meet the danger of intercontinental mis sistent with national security, the facts an effective civil defense system call for siles. The scientists have urged the Presi about the destructive power of the in full time, thoroughly trained personnel dent to have a special study made of the struments of modern warfare, and to recruited on a national scale as in 9ur whole program of dispersal of industry. supply itself with an adequate number of present military departments. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, relating to aliens whose deportation has been SENATE suspended, transmitted to the Senate on ETC. April 15, 1954 (with an accompanying paper); WEDNESDAY, MAY 4, 1955 The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid be to the Committee on the Judiciary. fore the Senate the following letters, The Senate met at 10 :30 o'clock a. m., which were referred as indicated: on the expiration of the recess. NEMO'RAN J. PIERRE, JR. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown A letter from the Secretary of the Army, Harris, D. D., offered the following transmitting a draft of proposed legislation Petitions, etc., were laid before the prayer: for the relief of Nemoran J. Pierre, Jr. (with Senate, or presented, and referred as indicated: Our Father God, open to us, we pray an accompanying paper); to the Committee Thee, the gates of the morning, as we on the Judiciary. By the PRESIDENT pro tempore: bow here at this wayside shrine of Thy AMENDMENT OF BANKRUPTCY ACT, RELATING A joint resolution of the Legislature of TO DISCHARGES, WHEN GRANTED, AND the State of California; to the Committee grace, for these are troublous times and on Public Works: the margin of our inner strength seems NOTICES often perilously low. As servants of the A letter from the Assistant Director, Ad "Senate Joint Resolution 28 Republic we stand in dire need of courage ministrative Office of the United States "Joint resolution relative to tlie enactment Courts, Washington, D. C., transmitting a of Federal highway legislation and fortitude and stability. That we draft of proposed legislation to amend sub "Whereas the President of the United may be at our best, grant us the confi division b of section 14-Discharges, When .States has placed before Congress the mat dence of a quiet heart and a humble Granted:-<>! the Bankruptcy Act, as amend ter of the improvement of the roads, sireets, mind. For the preservation of liberty, ed, and subdivision b of section 58-No and highways throughout the Nation, giving for the defeat of all tyranny, for the tices-of the Bankruptcy Act, as amended special emphasis from the standpoint of opportunity still to be free souls, for the (with an accompanying paper); to the Com national defense to the rapid completion of redemption of democracy from its fail mittee on the Judiciary. the Interstate System of Highways; and ures, for the establishment of a just and AMENDMfi:NT OF BANKRUPTCY ACT, RELATING "Whereas there are now numerous bills lasting peace in all the earth: We lift up TO UNCLAIMED MONEYS pending before the Congress relating to the A letter from the Assistant Director, Ad improvement of the Federal aid systems of our hearts to Thee, O God of our salva highways; and tion. We ask it in the name of the Prince ministrative Office of the United States Courts, Washington, D. C., transmitting a "Whereas the Interstate System is now of Peace. Amen. draft of proposed legislation to amend sub recognized by Federal law as including 40,000 division a of section 66-Unclaimed miles of highways throughout the United Moneys-of the Bankruptcy Act, as amend States but at the present time only 37,600 THE JOURNAL ed, and to repeal subdivision b of section 66 miles have been designated as being on said On request of Mr. JOHNSON of Texas, of the Bankruptcy Act, as amended (with an system, it being understood that that portion and by unanimous consent, the reading accompanying paper); to the Committee on of said remaining 2,400 miles which will be the Judiciary. allocated to California will comprise cir of the Journal of the proceedings of cumferential and other connecting routes Tuesday, May 3, 1955, was dispensed SUSPENSION OF DEPORTATION OF ALIENS in metropolitan areas; and with. Three letters from the Commissioner, Im "Whereas that portion of the J;nterstate migration and Naturalization Service, De System located within California includes ORDER FOR TRANSACTION OF partment of Justice, transmitting, pursuant highways most seriously deficient from the to law, copies of orders suspending deport~ standpoints of traffic volumes, traffic safety, ROUTINE BUSINESS tion of certain aliens, together with a state and structural inadequacy; and ment of the facts and pertinent provisions Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Presi "Whereas the completion of the Interstate of law as to each alien, and the reasons for dent, I ask unanimous consent that there ordering such suspension (with accompany System from Federal funds would permit may be the customary morning hour for ing papers); to the Committee on the Judi-: the more rapid correction of the remaining· the presentation of petitions and memo ciary. deficiencies on the public streets and high rials, the introduction of bills, and the ways in California: Now, therefore, be it transaction of other routine business, SUSPENSION OP' DEPORTATION OF ALIENS "Resolved by the Senate and Assembly of WITHDRAWAL OF NAME the State of CalifOTnia (jointly>, That the under the usual 2-minute limitation on A letter from the Commissioner, Immigra Congress of the United States is memorial.. speeches. tion and Naturalization Service, Department ized to enact legislation for the completion The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With of Justice, withdrawing the name of Nicolai of the Interstate System within the shortest out objection, it is so ordered. Alexandrovich Kozel (Koiel) from a report feasible period of time, and that such legi&fo