February 2019 MEET SHAPE CLIENTS COBAN and KRISTIAN
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Antarctic Peninsula
Hucke-Gaete, R, Torres, D. & Vallejos, V. 1997c. Entanglement of Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, by marine debris at Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets, Livingston Island, Antarctica: 1998-1997. Serie Científica Instituto Antártico Chileno 47: 123-135. Hucke-Gaete, R., Osman, L.P., Moreno, C.A. & Torres, D. 2004. Examining natural population growth from near extinction: the case of the Antarctic fur seal at the South Shetlands, Antarctica. Polar Biology 27 (5): 304–311 Huckstadt, L., Costa, D. P., McDonald, B. I., Tremblay, Y., Crocker, D. E., Goebel, M. E. & Fedak, M. E. 2006. Habitat Selection and Foraging Behavior of Southern Elephant Seals in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #OS33A-1684. INACH (Instituto Antártico Chileno) 2010. Chilean Antarctic Program of Scientific Research 2009-2010. Chilean Antarctic Institute Research Projects Department. Santiago, Chile. Kawaguchi, S., Nicol, S., Taki, K. & Naganobu, M. 2006. Fishing ground selection in the Antarctic krill fishery: Trends in patterns across years, seasons and nations. CCAMLR Science, 13: 117–141. Krause, D. J., Goebel, M. E., Marshall, G. J., & Abernathy, K. (2015). Novel foraging strategies observed in a growing leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) population at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Animal Biotelemetry, 3:24. Krause, D.J., Goebel, M.E., Marshall. G.J. & Abernathy, K. In Press. Summer diving and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) near mesopredator breeding colonies at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Mammal Science.Leppe, M., Fernandoy, F., Palma-Heldt, S. & Moisan, P 2004. Flora mesozoica en los depósitos morrénicos de cabo Shirreff, isla Livingston, Shetland del Sur, Península Antártica, in Actas del 10º Congreso Geológico Chileno. -
Thesis Template
Thinking with photographs at the margins of Antarctic exploration A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Canterbury by Kerry McCarthy University of Canterbury 2010 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... 2 List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 6 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Thinking with photographs ....................................................................... 10 1.2 The margins ............................................................................................... 14 1.3 Antarctic exploration ................................................................................. 16 1.4 The researcher ........................................................................................... 20 1.5 Overview ................................................................................................... 22 2 An unauthorised genealogy of thinking with photographs .............................. 27 2.1 The -
Scott's Discovery Expedition
New Light on the British National Antarctic Expedition (Scott’s Discovery Expedition) 1901-1904. Andrew Atkin Graduate Certificate in Antarctic Studies (GCAS X), 2007/2008 CONTENTS 1 Preamble 1.1 The Canterbury connection……………...………………….…………4 1.2 Primary sources of note………………………………………..………4 1.3 Intent of this paper…………………………………………………...…5 2 Bernacchi’s road to Discovery 2.1 Maria Island to Melbourne………………………………….…….……6 2.2 “.…that unmitigated fraud ‘Borky’ ……………………….……..….….7 2.3 Legacies of the Southern Cross…………………………….…….…..8 2.4 Fellowship and Authorship………………………………...…..………9 2.5 Appointment to NAE………………………………………….……….10 2.6 From Potsdam to Christchurch…………………………….………...11 2.7 Return to Cape Adare……………………………………….….…….12 2.8 Arrival in Winter Quarters-establishing magnetic observatory…...13 2.9 The importance of status………………………….……………….…14 3 Deeds of “Derring Doe” 3.1 Objectives-conflicting agendas…………………….……………..….15 3.2 Chivalrous deeds…………………………………….……………..…16 3.3 Scientists as Heroes……………………………….…….……………19 3.4 Confused roles……………………………….……..………….…...…21 3.5 Fame or obscurity? ……………………………………..…...….……22 2 4 “Scarcely and Exhibition of Control” 4.1 Experiments……………………………………………………………27 4.2 “The Only Intelligent Transport” …………………………………….28 4.3 “… a blasphemous frame of mind”……………………………….…32 4.4 “… far from a picnic” …………………………………………………34 4.5 “Usual retine Work diggin out Boats”………...………………..……37 4.6 Equipment…………………………………………………….……….38 4.8 Reflections on management…………………………………….…..39 5 “Walking to Christchurch” 5.1 Naval routines………………………………………………………….43 -
We Look for Light Within
“We look for light from within”: Shackleton’s Indomitable Spirit “For scientific discovery, give me Scott; for speed and efficiency of travel, give me Amundsen; but when you are in a hopeless situation, when you are seeing no way out, get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton.” — Raymond Priestley Shackleton—his name defines the “Heroic Age of Antarctica Exploration.” Setting out to be the first to the South Pole and later the first to cross the frozen continent, Ernest Shackleton failed. Sent home early from Robert F. Scott’s Discovery expedition, seven years later turning back less than 100 miles from the South Pole to save his men from certain death, and then in 1914 suffering disaster at the start of the Endurance expedition as his ship was trapped and crushed by ice, he seems an unlikely hero whose deeds would endure to this day. But leadership, courage, wisdom, trust, empathy, and strength define the man. Shackleton’s spirit continues to inspire in the 100th year after the rescue of the Endurance crew from Elephant Island. This exhibit is a learning collaboration between the Rauner Special Collections Library and “Pole to Pole,” an environmental studies course taught by Ross Virginia examining climate change in the polar regions through the lens of history, exploration and science. Fifty-one Dartmouth students shared their research to produce this exhibit exploring Shackleton and the Antarctica of his time. Discovery: Keeping Spirits Afloat In 1901, the first British Antarctic expedition in sixty years commenced aboard the Discovery, a newly-constructed vessel designed specifically for this trip. -
The Antarctic Treaty
The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-ninth Consultative Meeting held at Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty November 2017 Cm 9542 © Crown copyright 2017 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH ISBN 978-1-5286-0126-9 CCS1117441642 11/17 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majestyʼs Stationery Office MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-NINTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-ninth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents. -
Venture 2 Great Lives Video Worksheet Robert Falcon Scott
Venture 2 Great Lives Video worksheet Robert Falcon Scott Getting started 3 Complete the sentences with the names below. What do you know about the North and the Antarctic Scotland Royal Navy South Poles? Answer the questions: Shackleton South Africa Amundsen • Which pole is in the Arctic and which is in the 1 Scott was an officer in the . Antarctic? 2 The Discovery was built in . • What are the poles like? 3 Ernest was another famous explorer on • Have explorers been to both poles? When? Scott’s first expedition. Competences 4 The Discovery sailed south via . Check 5 Roald was the first person to reach the South Pole. 1 VIDEO Watch the video and choose the correct 6 Scott is known in the UK as ‘Scott of ’. answer. 1 The Discovery expedition went to the Antarctic Language check in 1901 to… A help another ship. 4 Use the prompts to write third conditional sentences. B fight a war. 1 If Scott (not hear) about the expedition, he (not C study nature. go) to the Antarctic. D find the South Pole. 2 Scott (could go) to the South Pole sooner if the 2 The scientists on the Discovery expedition… weather (be) better. A never reached the Antarctic. 3 If the Discovery (not be) so strong, the ice (might B didn’t survive the terrible weather. destroy) it. C couldn’t do their experiments. 4 Scott, Wilson and Shackleton (might reach) the South Pole if the conditions (not be) so bad. D had to wait to start their experiments. 5 If they (not have) dynamite, they (not free) the 3 Scott returned to the Antarctic in 1910 and… Discovery. -
Antarctica: at the Heart of It All
4/8/2021 Antarctica: At the heart of it all Dr. Dan Morgan Associate Dean – College of Arts & Science Principal Senior Lecturer – Earth & Environmental Sciences Vanderbilt University Osher Lifelong Learning Institute Spring 2021 Webcams for Antarctic Stations III: “Golden Age” of Antarctic Exploration • State of the world • 1910s • 1900s • Shackleton (Nimrod) • Drygalski • Scott (Terra Nova) • Nordenskjold • Amundsen (Fram) • Bruce • Mawson • Charcot • Shackleton (Endurance) • Scott (Discovery) • Shackleton (Quest) 1 4/8/2021 Scurvy • Vitamin C deficiency • Ascorbic Acid • Makes collagen in body • Limits ability to absorb iron in blood • Low hemoglobin • Oxygen deficiency • Some animals can make own ascorbic acid, not higher primates International scientific efforts • International Polar Years • 1882-83 • 1932-33 • 1955-57 • 2007-09 2 4/8/2021 Erich von Drygalski (1865 – 1949) • Geographer and geophysicist • Led expeditions to Greenland 1891 and 1893 German National Antarctic Expedition (1901-04) • Gauss • Explore east Antarctica • Trapped in ice March 1902 – February 1903 • Hydrogen balloon flight • First evidence of larger glaciers • First ice dives to fix boat 3 4/8/2021 Dr. Nils Otto Gustaf Nordenskjold (1869 – 1928) • Geologist, geographer, professor • Patagonia, Alaska expeditions • Antarctic boat Swedish Antarctic Expedition: 1901-04 • Nordenskjold and 5 others to winter on Snow Hill Island, 1902 • Weather and magnetic observations • Antarctic goes north, maps, to return in summer (Dec. 1902 – Feb. 1903) 4 4/8/2021 Attempts to make it to Snow Hill Island: 1 • November and December, 1902 too much ice • December 1902: Three meant put ashore at hope bay, try to sledge across ice • Can’t make it, spend winter in rock hut 5 4/8/2021 Attempts to make it to Snow Hill Island: 2 • Antarctic stuck in ice, January 1903 • Crushed and sinks, Feb. -
Roald Amundsen and Robert Scott: Amundsen’S Earlier Voyages and Experience
Roald Amundsen and Robert Scott: Amundsen’s earlier voyages and experience. • Roald Amundsen joined the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (1897–99) as first mate. • This expedition, led by Adrien de Gerlache using the ship the RV Belgica, became the first expedition to winter in Antarctica. Voyage in research vessel Belgica. • The Belgica, whether by mistake or design, became locked in the sea ice at 70°30′S off Alexander Island, west of the Antarctic Peninsula. • The crew endured a winter for which they were poorly prepared. • RV Belgica frozen in the ice, 1898. Gaining valuable experience. • By Amundsen's own estimation, the doctor for the expedition, the American Frederick Cook, probably saved the crew from scurvy by hunting for animals and feeding the crew fresh meat • In cases where citrus fruits are lacking, fresh meat from animals that make their own vitamin C (which most do) contains enough of the vitamin to prevent scurvy, and even partly treat it. • This was an important lesson for Amundsen's future expeditions. Frederick Cook с. 1906. Another successful voyage. • In 1903, Amundsen led the first expedition to successfully traverse Canada's Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. • He planned a small expedition of six men in a 45-ton fishing vessel, Gjøa, in order to have flexibility. Gjøa today. Sailing westward. • His ship had relatively shallow draft. This was important since the depth of the sea was about a metre in some places. • His technique was to use a small ship and hug the coast. Amundsen had the ship outfitted with a small gasoline engine. -
The Never Ending Gale: Its Role in Captain Robert F. Scott and His Companions’ Deaths
The Never Ending Gale: its Role in Captain Robert F. Scott and his Companions’ Deaths Krzysztof Sienicki Chair of Theoretical Physics of Naturally Intelligent Systems ul. Topolowa 19, 05-807 Podkowa Leśna, Poland, EU [email protected] (14 September 2011) Abstract Polar historians and enthusiasts are aware that toward the end of March 1912, Captain Robert F. Scott reported in his journal a meteorological event, which was extraordinary as far as its length and strength was concerned. This event was the gale which according to Captain Scott, lasted nine/ten days. Were the laws of physics suspended at the end of March 1912 in the Antarctic? I have shown that the near surface winds in the Antarctic are self-organized critically and that the winds over the continent form an ergodic system. I have presented an analysis of wind events in the proximity of Captain Scott’s camp and at Ross Island. By com- paring wind events at these locations, and performing an analysis of a gale’s wind duration and strength at One Ton Depôt, I con- cluded that Captain Scott’s wind record was highly inaccurate. I concluded that the nine/ten day gale described by Captain Scott, that lasted from March 21 to 29, did not take place. This result combined with my previous analysis of Captain Scott’s tempera- ture record, shows that two black swan meteorological events: February 27-March 19, 1912 – Extreme Cold Snap and March 21- 29, 1912 – Never Ending Gale reported by Captain Scott, did not take place. Therefore, I conclude that the deaths of Scott, Wilson and Bowers were a matter of choice rather than chance. -
Scott 100 Plymouth Discovery Expedition Crew
SCOTT 100 PLYMOUTH DISCOVERY EXPEDITION CREW The Discovery Crew included a mix of Royal Navy, Merchant Navy and civilian personnel. CREW Captain Scott, Expedition Leader Albert Armitage, Navigator and Second-in-Command Charles Royds, First Lieutenant Michael Barne, Second Lieutenant Ernest Shackleton, Third Lieutenant George Mulock, Third Lieutenant Reginald Skelton, Chief Engineer and Official Photographer James Dellbridge, Second Engineer William Lashly, Chief Stoker Arthur Quarterly, Leading Stoker Frank Plumley, Stoker Thomas Whitfield, Stoker Page, Stoker Arthur Pilbeam, Leading Seaman Frank Wild, Seaman Thomas Crean, Seaman John Baker, Seaman Bonner, Seaman George Crouchers, Seaman James Dell, Seaman George Vince, Seaman Walker, Seaman Waterman, Seaman William Weller, Seaman William Heald, Seaman Mardon, Seaman Masterton, Seaman Peters, Seaman Evans, Seaman Sinclair, Seaman Thomas Williamson, Seaman William Smythe, Petty Officer Edgar Evans, Petty Officer Ernest Joyce, Petty Officer David Allan, Petty Officer Jacob Cross, Petty Officer Thomas Kennar, Petty Officer William Macfarlane, Petty Officer Reginald Ford, Chief Steward Arthur Blissett, Steward Clarence Hare, Steward Dowsett, Steward Gilbert Scott, Steward Roper, Cook Brett, Cook Charles Clarke, 2 nd Cook Clarke, Laboratory Assistant Buckridge, Laboratory Assistant Fred Dailey, Carpenter James Duncan, Carpenter’s Mate & Shipwright Thomas Feather, Boatswain (Bosun) Miller, Sailmaker Hubert, Donkeyman SCIENTIFIC Dr George Murray, Chief Scientist (left the ship at Cape Town) Louis Bernacchi, Physicist Hartley Ferrar, Geologist Thomas Vere Hodgson, Marine Biologist Reginald Koettlitz, Doctor Edward Wilson, Junior Doctor and Zoologist . -
Download the Edward Wilson Pipe Information Sheet
The Wilson Art Gallery & Museum Information Sheet Edward Wilson’s pipe In March 2016, The Wilson was able to purchase a pipe originally belonging to Edward Adrian Wilson, as a valuable addition to its Wilson Family Collection. Not only is the pipe a very personal possession, but it reflects something of the complex personality of its remarkable owner. It is probable that this pipe was one of those presented to members of Robert Falcon Scott’s Discovery expedition to the Antarctic (1901–1904). Where did the pipe come from? The pipe was offered for sale by a London dealer together with a leather carrying case. In December 2015 it was among items sold at an auction of contents from Hooton Pagnell Hall, near Doncaster. Edward’s elder brother, Bernard, had been estate manager at the Hall. It is likely that Oriana, Edward’s widow, gave the pipe to Bernard at a time when she was distributing mementoes of her late husband among his family and friends. The initials EW are elaborately engraved on a silver band around the pipe. The Pipe Made of polished rose briar, the pipe is of the classic ‘Billiard’ shape. The bevel-edged silver band is designed to protect the joint where shank and stem meet. The stem is made of vulcanite, a type of rubber. Its condition suggests that Edward Wilson was a careful smoker who did not chew hard on his pipes. It bears only a single tooth mark! The initials GBD, appearing both on the wooden shank and on the silver band, identify the pipe’s maker as the Paris-based firm Ganneval, Bondier and Donninger. -
Antarctic Connections: Christchurch & Canterbury
Antarctic Connections: Christchurch & Canterbury Morning, Discovery and Terra Nova at the Port of Lyttelton following the British Antarctic (Discovery) Expedition, 1904. (http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/media/photo/captain-scotts-ships-lyttelton) A guide to the past and present connections of Antarctica to Christchurch and the greater Canterbury region. 1 Compiled by James Stone, 2015. Cover 1 Contents 2 Christchurch – Gateway to the Antarctic 3 Significant Events in Canterbury’s Antarctic History 4 The Early Navigators 5 • Captain James Cook • Sir Joseph Banks • Sealers & Whalers Explorers of the Heroic Age • Captain Robert Falcon Scott 6-9 • Dr Edward Wilson 10-11 • Uncle Bill’s Cabin • Herbert Ponting 12 • Roald Amundsen 13-14 • Sir Ernest Shackleton 15-18 • Frank Arthur Worsley 19 • The Ross Sea Party 20-21 • Sir Douglas Mawson 22 The IGY and the Scientific Age 22 Operation Deep Freeze 23-24 First Māori Connection 25 The IGY and the Scientific Age 26 Hillary’s Trans-Antarctic Expedition (TAE) 27 NZ Antarctic Heritage Trust 28 • Levick’s Notebook 28 • Ross Sea Lost Photographs 29 • Shackleton’s Whisky 30 • NZ Antarctic Society 31 Scott Base 32 International Collaboration 33 • Antarctic Campus • Antarctica New Zealand • United States Antarctic Program • Italian Antarctic Program 34 • Korean Antarctic Program Tourism 35 The Erebus Disaster 36 Antarctic Connections by location • Christchurch (Walking tour map 47) 37-47 • Lyttelton (Walking tour map 56) 48-56 • Quail Island 57-59 • Akaroa (Walking tour map 61) 60-61 Visiting Antarctic Wildlife 62 Attractions by Explorer 63 Business Links 64-65 Contact 65 Useful Links 66-69 2 Christchurch – Gateway to the Antarctic nzhistory.net.nz © J Stone © J Stone Christchurch has a long history of involvement with the Antarctic, from the early days of Southern Ocean exploration, as a vital port during the heroic era expeditions of discovery and the scientific age of the International Geophysical Year, through to today as a hub of Antarctic research and logistics.